Linolenic Acid

Details

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Internal ID b6a12fcf-a40a-4ca3-961e-3cd0f3093573
Taxonomy Lipids and lipid-like molecules > Fatty Acyls > Lineolic acids and derivatives
IUPAC Name (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid
SMILES (Canonical) CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O
SMILES (Isomeric) CC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)O
InChI InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h3-4,6-7,9-10H,2,5,8,11-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-
InChI Key DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N
Popularity 18,109 references in papers

Physical and Chemical Properties

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Molecular Formula C18H30O2
Molecular Weight 278.40 g/mol
Exact Mass 278.224580195 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area (TPSA) 37.30 Ų
XlogP 5.90
Atomic LogP (AlogP) 5.66
H-Bond Acceptor 1
H-Bond Donor 1
Rotatable Bonds 13

Synonyms

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alpha-Linolenic acid
463-40-1
linolenate
(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid
a-Linolenic acid
cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid
all-cis-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid
(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid
9-cis,12-cis,15-cis-Octadecatrienoic acid
alpha-Lnn
There are more than 10 synonyms. If you wish to see them all click here.

2D Structure

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2D Structure of Linolenic Acid

3D Structure

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ADMET Properties (via admetSAR 2)

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Target Value Probability (raw) Probability (%)
Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9923 99.23%
Caco-2 + 0.6071 60.71%
Blood Brain Barrier + 0.8000 80.00%
Human oral bioavailability - 0.5714 57.14%
Subcellular localzation Plasma membrane 0.5044 50.44%
OATP2B1 inhibitior - 0.8530 85.30%
OATP1B1 inhibitior - 0.4580 45.80%
OATP1B3 inhibitior - 0.3406 34.06%
MATE1 inhibitior - 0.9600 96.00%
OCT2 inhibitior - 0.9500 95.00%
BSEP inhibitior + 0.5594 55.94%
P-glycoprotein inhibitior - 0.8342 83.42%
P-glycoprotein substrate - 0.9574 95.74%
CYP3A4 substrate - 0.6597 65.97%
CYP2C9 substrate + 0.6276 62.76%
CYP2D6 substrate - 0.8766 87.66%
CYP3A4 inhibition - 0.9465 94.65%
CYP2C9 inhibition - 0.8798 87.98%
CYP2C19 inhibition - 0.9638 96.38%
CYP2D6 inhibition - 0.9631 96.31%
CYP1A2 inhibition + 0.6915 69.15%
CYP2C8 inhibition - 0.9243 92.43%
CYP inhibitory promiscuity - 0.9426 94.26%
UGT catelyzed - 0.0000 0.00%
Carcinogenicity (binary) - 0.6935 69.35%
Carcinogenicity (trinary) Non-required 0.6373 63.73%
Eye corrosion + 0.9371 93.71%
Eye irritation + 0.8357 83.57%
Skin irritation + 0.7676 76.76%
Skin corrosion - 0.6260 62.60%
Ames mutagenesis - 0.8800 88.00%
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene inhibition - 0.3603 36.03%
Micronuclear - 0.9900 99.00%
Hepatotoxicity - 0.6125 61.25%
skin sensitisation + 0.8470 84.70%
Respiratory toxicity + 0.7444 74.44%
Reproductive toxicity - 0.6531 65.31%
Mitochondrial toxicity + 0.7875 78.75%
Nephrotoxicity - 0.8766 87.66%
Acute Oral Toxicity (c) IV 0.6387 63.87%
Estrogen receptor binding + 0.5761 57.61%
Androgen receptor binding - 0.8917 89.17%
Thyroid receptor binding + 0.6398 63.98%
Glucocorticoid receptor binding - 0.7344 73.44%
Aromatase binding - 0.4910 49.10%
PPAR gamma + 0.8890 88.90%
Honey bee toxicity - 0.9918 99.18%
Biodegradation + 0.6750 67.50%
Crustacea aquatic toxicity + 0.5200 52.00%
Fish aquatic toxicity + 0.8175 81.75%

Targets

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Proven Targets:

CHEMBL ID UniProt ID Name Min activity Assay type Source
CHEMBL1293255 P15428 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+] 28183.8 nM
28183.8 nM
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
CHEMBL3577 P00352 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 10000 nM
22387.2 nM
3548.1 nM
Potency
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
CHEMBL2903 P16050 Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 125.9 nM
125.9 nM
Potency
Potency
via Super-PRED
via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293236 P46063 ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1 1778.3 nM
39810.7 nM
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293237 P54132 Bloom syndrome protein 39810.7 nM
Potency
via CMAUP
CHEMBL4081 P13726 Coagulation factor III 30000 nM
IC50
PMID: 9834151
CHEMBL221 P23219 Cyclooxygenase-1 4000 nM
Ki
PMID: 24088053
CHEMBL1978 P11511 Cytochrome P450 19A1 44200 nM
IC50
PMID: 16643058
CHEMBL340 P08684 Cytochrome P450 3A4 15848.9 nM
15848.9 nM
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
CHEMBL4159 Q99714 Endoplasmic reticulum-associated amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein 12589.3 nM
Potency
via CMAUP
CHEMBL4422 O14842 Free fatty acid receptor 1 2884.03 nM
3162.28 nM
3000 nM
EC50
EC50
EC50
PMID: 22519963
PMID: 26928019
PMID: 26928019
CHEMBL5339 Q5NUL3 G-protein coupled receptor 120 2600 nM
3235.94 nM
EC50
EC50
PMID: 19007110
PMID: 22519963
CHEMBL1287622 Q9Y468 Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 31622.8 nM
Potency
via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293226 B2RXH2 Lysine-specific demethylase 4D-like 19952.6 nM
Potency
via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293224 P10636 Microtubule-associated protein tau 28183.8 nM
31622.8 nM
28183.8 nM
Potency
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
via CMAUP
CHEMBL239 Q07869 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha 1200 nM
1200 nM
7.9 nM
IC50
IC50
Kd
DOI: 10.1007/s00044-008-9102-7
DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0285-6
via Super-PRED
CHEMBL3979 Q03181 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta 16000 nM
IC50
DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0285-6
CHEMBL235 P37231 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 6000 nM
IC50
DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0285-6
CHEMBL4426 P04054 Phospholipase A2 group 1B 22300 nM
IC50
via CMAUP
CHEMBL3401 O75469 Pregnane X receptor 2500 nM
2 nM
EC50
EC50
PMID: 20966043
PMID: 20966043
CHEMBL1293235 P02545 Prelamin-A/C 22387.2 nM
Potency
via CMAUP
CHEMBL1075138 Q9NUW8 Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 8912.5 nM
5011.9 nM
Potency
Potency
via CMAUP
via CMAUP

Predicted Targets (via Super-PRED):

CHEMBL ID UniProt ID Name Probability Model accuracy
CHEMBL3060 Q9Y345 Glycine transporter 2 96.97% 99.17%
CHEMBL3251 P19838 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit 95.31% 96.09%
CHEMBL2581 P07339 Cathepsin D 94.53% 98.95%
CHEMBL1781 P11387 DNA topoisomerase I 90.68% 97.00%
CHEMBL221 P23219 Cyclooxygenase-1 89.12% 90.17%

Plants that contains it

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Below are displayed all the plants proven (via scientific papers) to contain this compound!
To see more specific details click the taxa you are interested in.
Abelmoschus esculentus
Abrus precatorius
Abutilon ramosum
Acanthophyllum elatius
Achillea nana
Aconitum burnatii
Aconitum contortum
Aconitum leucostomum
Aconitum maximum
Aconitum napellus
Aconitum vilmorinianum
Actinidia kolomikta
Aegiceras corniculatum
Aesculus hippocastanum
Agave americana
Agave decipiens
Ageratum houstonianum
Agnorhiza bolanderi
Aiouea montana
Ajuga integrifolia
Allium cepa
Allium multibulbosum
Allium obliquum
Aloe africana
Aloe ferox
Aloe spicata
Aloe vera
Alpinia oxyphylla
Alpinia zerumbet
Alseodaphne paludosa
Alstonia spectabilis
Amaranthus cruentus
Amaranthus tricolor
Anaxagorea crassipetala
Angelica acutiloba
Angelica gigas
Angelica sinensis
Annona impressivenia
Apios americana
Aquilegia ecalcarata
Arabidopsis thaliana
Araujia sericifera
Arbutus menziesii
Argyreia cuneata
Arnica nevadensis
Arnica parryi
Artemisia annua
Artemisia capillaris
Artemisia carvifolia
Artemisia gmelinii
Artemisia szowitziana
Asclepias speciosa
Astragalus bisulcatus
Astragalus danicus
Astragalus mongholicus
Azadirachta indica
Azima tetracantha
Baccharoides lasiopus
Bellis perennis
Benincasa hispida
Bersama yangambiensis
Beyeria sulcata var. brevipes
Bidens pilosa
Blumea axillaris
Boehmeria nivea
Boenninghausenia albiflora
Borago officinalis
Boronia coerulescens
Boronia koniambiensis
Bothriocline ripensis
Brachyglottis bidwillii
Brachylaena discolor var. transvaalensis
Brassica napus
Bruguiera gymnorhiza
Bryonia alba
Bupleurum chinense
Bursaria spinosa
Buxus hildebrandtii
Calea lantanoides
Callicarpa acuminata
Caloncoba echinata
Camellia sinensis
Canarium strictum
Canavalia ensiformis
Cannabis sativa
Capparis spinosa
Carica papaya
Carthamus tinctorius
Cassia javanica
Castanopsis sclerophylla
Catharanthus roseus
Ceanothus velutinus
Celastrus paniculatus
Centaurea aspera
Ceriops tagal
Chamaecyparis formosensis
Chloranthus tianmushanensis
Chlorophytum borivilianum
Chromolaena odorata
Chromolaena pulchella
Chrysanthemum indicum
Cibotium barometz
Cinnamosma madagascariensis
Citrus × aurantium
Citrus maxima
Clitoria ternatea
Codiaeum variegatum
Colletia spinosissima
Conocephalum japonicum
Corchorus aestuans
Cordylanthus kingii
Coreopsis grandiflora
Coronilla cretica
Cotinus coggygria
Craibia grandiflora
Crataegus pinnatifida
Crotalaria pallida var. obovata
Croton cajucara
Croton cascarilloides
Croton cortesianus
Croton geayi
Croton tiglium
Cryptomeria japonica
Cucumis melo
Cucumis sativus
Cucurbita foetidissima
Cuphea epilobiifolia
Cupressus bakeri
Curcuma kwangsiensis
Curcuma longa
Curcuma phaeocaulis
Curcuma wenyujin
Curcuma zedoaria
Cymopterus terebinthinus
Dalbergia nitidula
Dendrosenecio kilimanjari
Descurainia sophia
Dictamnus albus
Digitalis isabelliana
Dioscorea japonica
Dioscorea oppositifolia
Dioscorea polystachya
Dipterocarpus alatus
Dipterocarpus dyeri
Dipteronia dyeriana
Dipteryx lacunifera
Disynaphia halimifolia
Dodonaea polyandra
Drosera indica
Drosera peltata
Drummondita hassellii
Drypetes tessmanniana
Echinacea purpurea
Echinacea simulata
Echinops amplexicaulis
Echiochilon pauciflorum
Elaeagnus angustifolia
Elaeis guineensis
Elettaria cardamomum
Eleutherococcus nodiflorus
Elsholtzia ciliata
Elymus repens subsp. repens
Ephedra distachya
Epilobium parviflorum
Epimedium brevicornu
Eragrostis viscosa
Eremurus chinensis
Erigeron alpinus
Eriobotrya japonica
Escontria chiotilla
Eucommia ulmoides
Eucryphia cordifolia
Euphorbia characias
Euphorbia glareosa
Fagopyrum esculentum
Fernandoa adenophylla
Festuca arundinacea
Ficus formosana
Flindersia xanthoxyla
Forsteronia refracta
Fragaria vesca
Fridericia chica
Galium mollugo
Gamblea innovans
Garcinia lancilimba
Garcinia macrophylla
Garcinia scortechinii
Garcinia xanthochymus
Gardenia fosbergii
Gardenia imperialis
Gardenia tubifera
Geum reptans
Ginkgo biloba
Glehnia littoralis
Glycine max
Gnetum edule
Gomesa radicans
Gossypium hirsutum
Gratiola officinalis
Grewia mollis
Grindelia scorzonerifolia
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum
Gymnanthemum myrianthum
Gymnocarpium robertianum
Gymnosporia serrata
Helianthus porteri
Helichrysum nudifolium
Heliotropium floridum
Heterotheca grandiflora
Hibiscus cannabinus
Hippophae rhamnoides
Hirschfeldia incana
Houttuynia cordata
Hovenia acerba
Hoya latifolia
Hyoscyamus muticus
Hypericum perforatum
Hypericum reptans
Hypoxis nyasica
Ilex affinis
Ilex chinensis
Inezia integrifolia
Ipomoea cairica
Iryanthera coriacea
Isatis tinctoria
Isoberlinia angolensis
Isodon lophanthoides
Isodon umbrosus
Jodina rhombifolia
Juglans nigra
Juglans regia
Kaempferia marginata
Kaempferia pulchra
Kalanchoe integra
Kaunia saltensis
Kniphofia foliosa
Kopsia grandifolia
Lactuca serriola
Lallemantia iberica
Lallemantia royleana
Lantana ukambensis
Larix gmelinii var. gmelinii
Lasianthus fordii
Lathraea squamaria
Ledebouria socialis
Lemna aequinoctialis
Lepidium apetalum
Lepidium graminifolium
Lepidium meyenii
Lepidonia jonesii
Lessingianthus compactiflorus
Ligularia macrophylla
Ligustrum lucidum
Linum usitatissimum
Litogyne gariepina
Lonchocarpus atropurpureus
Lonicera japonica
Lycium barbarum
Lycium chinense
Lycopus europaeus
Macaranga sinensis
Macrococculus pomiferus
Madhuca longifolia
Malva sylvestris
Malvaviscus arboreus
Mangifera indica
Maytenus loeseneri
Melaleuca rugulosa
Melochia tomentosa
Mentha spicata
Mikania goyazensis
Mirabilis jalapa
Momordica charantia
Monodora angolensis
Monotropa uniflora
Mosla chinensis
Murraya kwangsiensis
Musa × paradisiaca
Nauclea officinalis
Nelumbo nucifera
Neolitsea hiiranensis
Neolitsea villosa
Nepeta cataria
Nervilia plicata
Nicoteba betonica
Nicotiana tabacum
Nigella sativa
Ocimum basilicum
Odixia angusta
Odontites vulgaris
Oenothera biennis
Oenothera elata subsp. hookeri
Olea europaea
Oleandra wallichii
Ongokea gore
Ononis natrix
Ophiorrhiza blumeana
Ornithogalum nutans
Otostegia fruticosa
Pachygone dasycarpa
Panax ginseng
Panax notoginseng
Panax quinquefolius
Paranephelius uniflorus
Passiflora foetida
Peperomia bracteata
Perilla frutescens
Persea barbujana
Persicaria tinctoria
Petunia axillaris
Peucedanum palustre
Phalaenopsis aphrodite
Phaseolus coccineus
Phlebodium aureum
Phyllolobium chinense
Physalis solanaceus
Picea obovata
Pilocarpus goudotianus
Pinus elliottii
Pinus flexilis
Pinus koraiensis
Pinus resinosa
Piper nigrum
Pistacia vera
Plagiochila porelloides
Plantago asiatica
Plantago depressa
Plantago ovata
Platycodon grandiflorus
Plectranthus mollis
Podocarpus salignus
Pongamia pinnata
Populus tremula
Portulaca oleracea
Premna microphylla
Prosopis glandulosa
Prosopis ruscifolia
Prunus armeniaca
Prunus laurocerasus
Prunus mume
Pseudostellaria heterophylla
Psilotum nudum
Psychotria bahiensis
Pteris plumieri
Punica granatum
Putranjiva roxburghii
Quercus cerris
Ranunculus ternatus
Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus
Rhizophora mucronata
Rhododendron aureum
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus
Ribes nigrum
Rosa canina
Rosa platyacantha
Rosa taiwanensis
Rosa transmorrisonensis
Rubia oncotricha
Rubus laciniatus
Ruta pinnata
Rydingia limbata
Salmea scandens
Salvia dorrii
Salvia fruticosa
Salvia miltiorrhiza
Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia
Salvia trijuga
Samanea saman
Saussurea medusa
Saussurea salicifolia
Schistostephium rotundifolium
Schotia brachypetala
Scrophularia ningpoensis
Scrophularia nodosa
Senecio isatideus
Senecio squalidus
Senecio subrubriflorus
Senegalia mellifera
Senna alexandrina
Serenoa repens
Seriphidium cinum
Seriphidium lessingianum
Sesbania punicea
Sideritis syriaca
Sideritis taurica
Silybum marianum
Simira eliezeriana
Siphocampylus verticillatus
Solanum virginianum
Sonneratia alba
Sophora flavescens var. flavescens
Sorbus pallescens
Sphagnum palustre
Spinacia oleracea
Stenostomum lucidum
Sterculia setigera
Stevia amambayensis
Stevia polycephala
Strobilanthes cusia
Strychnos amazonica
Stuckenia pectinata
Styphnolobium japonicum
Suaeda aegyptiaca
Tabebuia aurea
Taraxacum coreanum
Taraxacum mongolicum
Taraxacum officinale
Taraxacum platycarpum
Taraxacum sinicum
Taxodium huegelii
Taxus mairei
Tephroseris integrifolia
Terminalia chebula
Terminalia tetraphylla
Teucrium cubense
Teucrium orientale
Thalictrum revolutum
Thlaspi arvense
Thymus piperella
Treculia africana
Trichilia rubescens
Trichosanthes kirilowii
Trichosanthes rosthornii
Trifolium alexandrinum
Trigonella foenum-graecum
Typha domingensis
Typha latifolia
Uncaria africana
Uncaria sterrophylla
Uraria picta
Uvaria lucida
Veltheimia capensis
Ventilago denticulata
Vepris pilosa
Veratrum shanense
Viburnum chingii
Vicia amoena
Vigna subterranea
Viguiera pinnatilobata
Vitex madiensis
Vitex negundo
Wedelia acapulcensis var. hispida
Xylopia aethiopica
Zanthoxylum melanostictum
Zingiber officinale
Ziziphora pedicellata
Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus spina-christi

Cross-Links

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PubChem 5280934
NPASS NPC294548
ChEMBL CHEMBL8739
LOTUS LTS0275508
wikiData Q256502