Common products:
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) yields bast fiber from the bark and core fiber from the woody stem pith, as well as seeds from which oil and meal are extracted. These primary products are processed into textiles, ropes, pulp and paper, composite boards, absorbents, and seed oil for food and industrial uses.

Industrial and craft applications:
The bast fiber (long phloem fibers) is spun into yarn and woven or knitted into canvas, sacking, bagging, twine, and rope; it is also used as reinforcement in nonwoven mats and composites. The core fiber (short, lightweight pith) provides absorbent bedding, filters, packing, and sorbents for spills. Core is a raw material for medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and other wood–fiber composites. Bast fibers are used in the pulp industry as a source of cellulose for kraft and soda pulping, producing papers and boards with moderate-to-high tear and burst strength; pulp yields and brightness depend on cooking conditions. Seed oil is used as an edible oil; in industrial contexts it serves as a drying or semi-drying oil and a feed for biodiesel production after esterification. Seed meal is a protein-rich feed ingredient.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
The seeds yield an edible oil with high linoleic acid content and suitable saponification and iodine values for frying and cooking; it is also used as an ingredient in blended food oils.

Properties relevant to use:
Bast fiber has high cellulose content and a lignin/cellulose ratio favorable for pulping and yarn spinning; fiber length and tenacity support textile and rope applications. Core fiber is highly porous and absorbent. Seed oil is a liquid, drying/semi-drying oil with a high iodine value and a saponification value consistent with triglyceride profiles rich in linoleic acid, enabling oil-based industrial uses. Seed meal is protein-rich and suitable as animal feed after standard processing.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Kenaf is a short-cycle, annual fiber crop; fibers are biodegradable and can substitute wood in paper, composites, and absorbents. Cultivation as a multipurpose fiber and oilseed is documented for various regions, and industrial processing pathways are well established.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Abelmoschus congener	Walp.	Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 308 (1843)
Abelmoschus verrucosus	Walp.	Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)
Furcaria cannabina	Ulbr.	Veg. Erde 9(III 2): 400 (1921)
Furcaria cavanillesii	Kostel.	Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1936)
Hibiscus asper	Hook.f.	Niger Fl. : 228 (1849)
Hibiscus congener	Schumach. & Thonn.	Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 319 (1827)
Hibiscus malangensis	Baker f.	J. Bot. 77: 22 (1939)
Hibiscus obtusatus	Schumach.	Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 321 (1827)
Hibiscus vanderystii	De Wild.	Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 35 (1915)
Hibiscus vitifolius	Mill.	Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 8. 1768 [16 Apr 1768]
Hibiscus asper var. punctatus	(A.Rich.) Berhaut	Fl. Senegal: Brousse et Jardins 160 1954
Hibiscus verrucosus	Guill. & Perr.	Fl. Seneg. Tent. : 87 (1831)
Hibiscus cannabinus var. punctatus	(A.Rich.) Hochr.	Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 82 1916
Hibiscus verrucosus var. punctatus	A.Rich.	Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 59 1847
Hibiscus cordofanus	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 193 (1858)
Ketmia glandulosa	Moench	Suppl. Meth. : 202 (1802)
Hibiscus cannabinus var. chevalieri	Hochr.	Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 5: 125 1901
Hibiscus subdariffa subsp. cannabinus	(L.) Panigrahi & Murti	Fl. Bilaspur Distr. 1: 127 (1989)
Hibiscus wightianus	Wall.	Numer. List [Wallich] n. 2695 A. 1831
Hibiscus cannabinus var. viridis	A.Howard & G.Howard
Hibiscus cannabinus var. tripartitus	(Forssk.) Chiov.

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	ibišek konopovitý
English	kenaf
English	brown indianhemp
English	java jute
English	deccan hemp
Spanish	abelmoschus congener
Spanish	hibiscus vitifolius
Spanish	abelmoschus verrucosus
Spanish	hibiscus congener
Spanish	hibiscus asper
Spanish	hibiscus cannabinus var. punctatus
Spanish	hibiscus cordofanus
Spanish	hibiscus malangensis
Spanish	hibiscus vanderystii
Spanish	hibiscus verrucosus
Spanish	kenaf
Afrikaans	wildestokroos
Arabic	جلجل
Arabic	تيل
Belarusian	Кенаф
Bulgarian	конопен хибискус
Bambara	ntorida
Catalan	kenaf
Czech	kenaf
Czech	ibišek konopovitý
Danish	basttræ
Danish	kenaf
dag	birimia
German	ibišek konopovitý
German	kenaf
Esperanto	kenafo
Basque	kenaf
Persian	کنف
Fulah	follere
French	kenaf
Hebrew	קינף
Croatian	kenaf
Armenian	կենաֆ
Indonesian	kenaf
Italian	kenaf
Japanese	ボンベイ麻
Japanese	洋麻
Japanese	ケナフ
Japanese	アンバリ麻
Georgian	კენაფი
Kannada	ಪುಂಡಿ
Korean	양마
Macedonian	кенаф
Macedonian	конопен хибискус
Malayalam	kenaf
Malayalam	കെനാഫ്
Malayalam	മെസ്റ്റ
Norwegian Bokmål	kenaf
Dutch	kenaf
Oriya	କାଉଁରିଆ
Polish	ketmia konopiowata
Polish	kenafu
Polish	kenaf
Russian	Гибискус коноплёвый
Russian	Кенаф
Kinyarwanda	uruberwa
Slovenian	konopljev oslez
Tamil	புளிச்சை
Tamil	புளிச்சக்கீரை
Thai	ปอแก้ว
Turkish	kenaf
Ukrainian	гібіск конопляний
Uzbek	kanop
Chinese	红麻
Chinese	鐘麻
Chinese	粗糙木槿
Chinese	芙蓉麻
Chinese	洋麻
Chinese	大麻槿

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Requires Scarification: Scarification involves physically breaking, scratching, or softening the seed coat to allow water absorption and germination to occur. This can be done by nicking the seed coat with a knife or rubbing the seeds between sheets of sandpaper.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Cape Verde
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Malawi
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
  - Burkina
  - Gambia
  - Ghana
  - Guinea
  - Guinea-Bissau
  - Ivory Coast
  - Mali
  - Mauritania
  - Niger
  - Nigeria
  - Senegal
  - Sierra Leone
  - Togo
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi
  - Cameroon
  - Central African Republic
  - Congo
  - Rwanda
  - Zaïre

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Yemen
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Manchuria
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Russian Far East
  - Primorye
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Iran
  - Iraq

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Laos
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Hungary
- Southeastern Europe
  - Kriti

Pacific click to expand
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Niue

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil Southeast
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Guatemala
  - Honduras
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Western South America
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000722400
UNII	OOL8Y60KKD
Florida Plant Atlas	1733
USDA Plants	HICA5
Tropicos	19600032
INPN	629849
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:560068-1
The Plant List	kew-2849657
Open Tree Of Life	393745
Observations.org	118543
NCBI Taxonomy	229543
Nature Serve	2.131574
IPNI	560068-1
iNaturalist	163761
GBIF	3152547
Freebase	/m/02gtdv
EPPO	HIBCA
EOL	584777
USDA GRIN	19012
Wikipedia	Kenaf

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_047302245.1	Hca.v20180122	Chromosome	Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University	2025-01-30	80	1.00 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

The complete chloroplast genome of Durio zibethinus L. cultivar Ri6 (Helicteroideae, Malvaceae)

Gia Huy T, Thi NP, Do HD, Khang DT

Mitochondrial DNA B Resour

08-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11086024
doi:	10.1080/23802359.2024.2350619
PMID:	38737395

Sorption Behavior of Azo Dye Congo Red onto Activated Biochar from Haematoxylum campechianum Waste: Gradient Boosting Machine Learning-Assisted Bayesian Optimization for Improved Adsorption Process

Gamboa DM, Abatal M, Lima E, Franseschi FA, Ucán CA, Tariq R, Elías MA, Vargas J

Int J Mol Sci

27-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11083778
doi:	10.3390/ijms25094771
PMID:	38731990

Profiling genome‐wide methylation in two maples: Fine‐scale approaches to detection with nanopore technology

McEvoy SL, Grady PG, Pauloski N, O'Neill RJ, Wegrzyn JL

Evol Appl

17-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11022628
doi:	10.1111/eva.13669
PMID:	38633133

Era of bast fibers-based polymer composites for replacement of man-made fibers

Santos CM, Santos TF, Aquino MS, Mavinkere Rangappa S, Siengchin S, Suyambulingam I

Heliyon

17-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053226
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29761
PMID:	38681634

The effect of porcelain filler particulates madar fiber reinforced epoxy composite – A comprehensive study for biomedical applications

Raja T, Mohanavel V, Kannan S, Parikh S, Paul D, Velmurugan P, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Sivakumar S

Heliyon

16-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11046237
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29818
PMID:	38681603

Isolation and characterisation of lignin using natural deep eutectic solvents pretreated kenaf fibre biomass

Meraj A, Jawaid M, Singh SP, Nasef MM, Ariffin H, Fouad H, Abu‐Jdayil B

Sci Rep

15-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11018866
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-59200-6
PMID:	38622317

In Vitro Antibacterial, DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities, and In Silico Molecular Modeling of Isolated Compounds from the Roots of Clematis hirsuta

Duguma T, Melaku Y, Garg A, Ensermu U

Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci

25-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10984721
doi:	10.1155/2024/3152929
PMID:	38562543

Mitochondrial genome features and systematic evolution of diospyros kaki thunb 'Taishuu'

Yang Y, Duan C

BMC Genomics

18-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10946091
doi:	10.1186/s12864-024-10199-0
PMID:	38500026

Glutathione-the “master” antioxidant in the regulation of resistant and susceptible host-plant virus-interaction

Kozieł E, Otulak-Kozieł K, Rusin P

Front Plant Sci

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10963531
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1373801
PMID:	38533404

Unlocking the future of precision manufacturing: A comprehensive exploration of 3D printing with fiber-reinforced composites in aerospace, automotive, medical, and consumer industries

Tuli NT, Khatun S, Rashid AB

Heliyon

05-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10943402
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27328
PMID:	38495162

Computational Analysis of Mechanical Properties in Polymeric Sandwich Composite Materials

Kohar R, Miskolci J, Pompas L, Kucera L, Stevko P, Petru M, Mishra RK

Polymers (Basel)

01-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10935142
doi:	10.3390/polym16050673
PMID:	38475355

Pan-chloroplast genomes for accession-specific marker development in Hibiscus syriacus

Go S, Koo H, Jung M, Hong S, Yi G, Kim YM

Sci Data

27-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10899175
doi:	10.1038/s41597-024-03077-7
PMID:	38413611

A Bio-Inspired Approach to Improve the Toughness of Brittle Bast Fibre-Reinforced Composites Using Cellulose Acetate Foils

Graupner N, Müssig J

Biomimetics (Basel)

21-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10967785
doi:	10.3390/biomimetics9030131
PMID:	38534816

The potential application of biochar and salicylic acid to alleviate salt stress in soybean (Glycine max L.)

Alizadeh MM, Gerami M, Majidian P, Ghorbani HR

Heliyon

19-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10906409
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26677
PMID:	38434021

Cloning, Expression, and Functional Analysis of the MYB Transcription Factor SlMYB86-like in Tomato

Chen N, Zhan W, Shao Q, Liu L, Lu Q, Yang W, Que Z

Plants (Basel)

08-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10893056
doi:	10.3390/plants13040488
PMID:	38498460

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthols and derivatives
2,8-Dihydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-6-methyl-1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde	10491696	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C(C(=C2C(=C1OC)O)C=O)O)OC	262.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00183-6
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones
3,8-Dimethyl-1,2-naphthoquinone	373912	Click to see	186.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00183-6
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Feruloyltyramine	5280537	Click to see	313.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Syringaldehyde	8655	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C=O	182.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Vanillin	1183	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=O)O	152.15	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Nonacosane	12409	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	408.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
[(E)-3-[4-[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]prop-2-enyl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	101114358	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC(C(C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)O)OC3=C(C=C(C=C3)C=CCOC(=O)C=CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	698.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
3-[4-[(1S,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl]propyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	101114361	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC(COC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)C(C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O)OC)CCCOC(=O)C=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC	760.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
3-[4-[1-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]propan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]prop-2-enyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162995466	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC(C(C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)O)OC3=C(C=C(C=C3)C=CCOC(=O)C=CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	698.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
3-[4-[1,3-Dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]propyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163099754	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CCCOC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)OC(CO)C(C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O	554.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
Cannabisin H	73880584	Click to see	509.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
Erythro-canabisine H	636543	Click to see	509.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
GlyTouCan:G42871FT	70698180	Click to see	730.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Threo-Carolignan E	5274622	Click to see	730.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
threo-Carolignan H	101114359	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CCCOC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)OC(CO)C(C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O	554.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
4-[(3aR,6aS)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol	138113862	Click to see	388.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
4-[(3aS,6aR)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-2-methoxyphenol	137705081	Click to see	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
4-[(3S,3aR,6aR)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol	332425	Click to see	388.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Pinoresinol	73399	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Syringaresinol	100067	Click to see	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Syringaresinol, (+)-	443023	Click to see	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,9-epoxylignans
Lariciresinol	332427	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC2COC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan lactones
4-Ketopinoresinol	44578390	Click to see	372.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters / Wax esters / Wax monoesters
Octacosanyl eicosanoate	13908823	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	705.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Eicosanoic Acid	10467	Click to see	312.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713
Myristic Acid	11005	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O	228.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713
Oleic Acid	445639	Click to see	282.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T https://doi.org/10.1271/NOGEIKAGAKU1924.75.1291
Palmitic Acid	985	Click to see	256.42	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713 https://doi.org/10.1271/NOGEIKAGAKU1924.75.1291 https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Palmitoleic Acid	445638	Click to see CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	254.41	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Pentadecanoic Acid	13849	Click to see	242.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Stearic Acid	5281	Click to see	284.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids
Lauric Acid	3893	Click to see	200.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Very long-chain fatty acids
Behenic Acid	8215	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O	340.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Lignoceric Acid	11197	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O	368.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Pentacosanoic acid	10468	Click to see	382.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Tricosanoic Acid	17085	Click to see	354.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Hexacosanol	68171	Click to see	382.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
1-Octacosanol	68406	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO	410.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
1-Triacontanol	68972	Click to see	438.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Docosanol	12620	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO	326.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Dotriacontanol	96117	Click to see	466.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00570795
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols
1-Eicosanol	12404	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO	298.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T https://doi.org/10.1271/NOGEIKAGAKU1924.75.1291
Linolenic Acid	5280934	Click to see	278.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/NOGEIKAGAKU1924.75.1291
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Glutinol	9932254	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C4CC=C5C(C4(CCC3(C2C1)C)C)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Motiol	101280156	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
(24R)-5-Ergosten-3beta-ol	312822	Click to see	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
(3S,8S,9S,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	134766514	Click to see	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713 https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Stigmast-4-en-3-one	5484202	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568713 https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<345::AID-PCA540>3.0.CO;2-T
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3,8-dimethylnaphthalen-2-yl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	101204053	Click to see	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
2-(3,8-Dimethylnaphthalen-2-yl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	22297221	Click to see	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde	126	Click to see	122.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
(2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-[(E)-3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylamino]-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide	6440658	Click to see	624.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
(E)-3-[(2R,3S)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide	101204054	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C=CC(=O)NCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O	491.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
(E)-3-[(2S,3S)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide	133562014	Click to see	491.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-[3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylamino]-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide	338256	Click to see	624.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
3-[(2R,3S)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	101114357	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)CCCOC(=O)C=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
3-[(2R,3S)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	101114360	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2COC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC)O)OC)CCCOC(=O)C=CC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC	742.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
3-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide	75251062	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C=CC(=O)NCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O	491.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
3-[2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162883416	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)CCCOC(=O)C=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
3-[2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]prop-2-enyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	73880677	Click to see	680.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2007.03.010
Boehmenan	5274624	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2COC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)CCCOC(=O)C=CC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC	712.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Boehmenan K	637139	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C2COC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)C=CCOC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O	680.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
GlyTouCan:G02818SI	70698204	Click to see	712.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
Grossamide	101262727	Click to see	624.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
3-[4-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-methoxyethoxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]propyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163030774	Click to see	554.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00473-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	24823045	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580458
ent-Epicatechin-(4alpha->8)-ent-epicatechin 3-gallate	12795889	Click to see	730.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580458
Procyanidin B	130556	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580458
procyanidin B2 3-O-gallate	46181828	Click to see	730.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580458
Procyanidin B4	147299	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol	1203	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
Epicatechin	72276	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Catechin gallates
(-)-Epicatechin gallate	107905	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O	442.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxychroman-3-Yl 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate	367141	Click to see	442.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
Epigallocatechin Gallate	65064	Click to see	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
Tea, ext.	1287	Click to see	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00574392
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	162995345	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	5462193	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
5,7,8-trihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	163020497	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	496.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03051846
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
Quercetin 3-alloside	12304327	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
Vitamin P	5293655	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1964-0916
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	44258935	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC(=C3C(=C2)OC(=C(C3=O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	94858219	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC(=C3C(=C2)OC(=C(C3=O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00311-9
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside	5280704	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00566354
Kaempferol-7-rhamnoside	25079965	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC(=C3C(=C2)OC(=C(C3=O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00566354
Lespedin;Lespenephryl	12305415	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270828/
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolactams
Desferrioxamine X5	85625752	Click to see	598.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567134

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Hibiscus cannabinus

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