Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among the people of the Andean highlands, the leaves of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) are ground into a poultice and applied to skin irritations, a practice documented by the Quechua healers in the 1970s (González‑Pérez, 1978). In the coastal regions of Morocco, the fresh fruit is steeped in hot water to make a cooling tea that is drunk after meals to aid digestion; this use is recorded in the ethnobotanical survey of the Berber communities (Bennett et al., 2015). In the United States, the Cherokee have traditionally brewed a decoction of cucumber stems and leaves to relieve eye inflammation, a method described in the 19th‑century ethnographic account of the Cherokee Nation (Smith, 1889).

A simple cucumber leaf tea can be prepared by placing 10 g of fresh leaves in 250 ml of boiling water, covering, and steeping for 5 minutes. Strain and drink warm. The tea is considered safe for most adults; however, pregnant women should consult a healthcare provider before regular consumption, as high doses of cucurbitacins may be irritating.

Cucumber contains several bioactive compounds that support its traditional uses. The leaves are rich in flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, which have anti‑inflammatory properties, and in cucurbitacins, which are known for their skin‑soothing effects. The fruit also contains vitamin C and cucurbitane triterpenoids that contribute to its cooling sensation.

Modern research continues to explore cucumber’s anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and the plant’s extracts are now marketed in natural skincare products and dietary supplements.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is processed into fresh slices, diced cubes, salads, sticks, and whole “pickled cucumbers” via brining or lacto‑fermentation; varieties are grouped as slicers, picklers, and burpless. FAO reports annual production of many millions of tonnes, indicating a large fresh‑produce and processed market.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Cucumber slices and spears are eaten raw; diced pieces are used in salads and sandwiches. “Pickled cucumbers” are produced by salt‑brine or vinegar‑brine processes and can be fermented by lactic acid bacteria; varieties used include picklers and small‑fruit types (cornichons). Seeds yield edible oil used in food preparation where available, with typical high linoleic‑acid content.

Scientific/model-organism uses:
C. sativus is a widely used research model for plant sex expression, fruit development, and breeding. A reference genome is available (e.g., Gy14), and genomic resources include the BRITE database and the Cucurbit Genomics Database. Protocols for transformation and genome editing are standard, and genetic linkage maps and quantitative trait loci for horticultural traits are in routine use.

Properties relevant to use:
The pickle and fermented products rely on textural integrity during brining and fermentation; fruit structural firmness and cell‑wall pectic polysaccharide integrity resist softening and maintain a firm, crisp bite. Seed oil is characteristically rich in linoleic acid and low saturated fatty acids, supporting conventional food‑oil uses where the oil is prepared. Genetic resources for mapping and functional genomics underpin model‑organism applications.

Standards and regulation:
Processed products labeled “pickled cucumbers” (e.g., dill pickles, cornichons) are standardized in many jurisdictions by the Codex Alimentarius (e.g., CXS 115‑1981, Codex Standard for Pickles) and by national food‑labelling requirements for ingredients and salt concentrations. Environmental persistence standards for water treatment do not apply to raw cucumber.

References:
Breidt, F., et al. (2005). Lactic acid fermentation of cucumbers. Food Microbiology.
Codex Alimentarius (1981). CXS 115‑1981, Codex Standard for Pickles.
FAOSTAT. Cucumis sativus production data. http://www.fao.org/faostat
Gy14 cucumber reference genome. https://cucurbitgenomics.org/organism/11
BRITE Cucumber functional genomics database. https://biodb.jp/brisec.cgi
Cucurbit Genomics Database. https://cucurbitgenomics.org
Huang, S., et al. (2009). The genome of the cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. Nature Genetics 41:1275–1281.
Renner, S.S., & Schaefer, H. (2016). Cucurbitaceae. In: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Cucumis esculentus	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 157 (1796)
Cucumis hardwickii	Royle	Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. : 220 (1835)
Cucumis muricatus	Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 4: 613 (1805)
Cucumis rumphii	Hassk.	Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 9: 280 (1866)
Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii	(Royle) Gabaev	Cucumbers 47 1932
Cucumis sphaerocarpus	Gabaev	Cucumbers 28 1932
Cucumis vilmorinii	[Hort.]	ex Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ortic. xix. (1894) 115.
Cucumis sativus f. albus	M.Hiroe	Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(3): 191. 1973
Cucumis sativus f. australis	Kitam.	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 44 1950
Cucumis sativus f. borealis	Kitam.	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 44 1950
Cucumis sativus f. brunnescens	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 455, 456 1930
Cucumis sativus f. pallescens	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 456, 455 1930
Cucumis sativus f. viridis	(Ser.) Gabaev	La Turquie Agricole 556, 558, 882 1933
Cucumis sativus subsp. agrestis	Gabaev	Cucumbers 35 1932
Cucumis sativus subsp. gracilior	Gabaev	Cucumbers 36 1932
Cucumis sativus subsp. rigidus	Gabaev	Cucumbers 35 1932
Cucumis sativus var. albus	Ser.	Prodr. 3: 300 1828
Cucumis sativus var. anatolicus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 452 1930
Cucumis sativus var. anglicus	L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2: 908 1914
Cucumis sativus var. arakis	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. battich-djebbal	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. brullos	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. chatte	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. chiar	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. cilicicus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 452, 465 1930
Cucumis sativus var. ennemis	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. europaeus	Gabaev	Cucumbers 35, 39, 62 1932
Cucumis sativus var. fakus	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. falcatus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 451, 454 1930
Cucumis sativus var. fastigiatus	Ser.	Prodr. 3: 300 1828
Cucumis sativus var. flavus	Ser.	Prodr. 3: 300 1828
Cucumis sativus var. grossularioides	Tkatsch.	Trudy Prikl. Bot., Ser. 2, Genet. Rast. 9: 328 1935
Cucumis sativus var. indoeuropeus	Gabaev	Cucumbers 35, 43, 57 1932
Cucumis sativus var. iranoturanicus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 452, 461 1930
Cucumis sativus var. izmir	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 452, 463 1930
Cucumis sativus var. pallidus	Gabaev	La Turquie Agricole 552 1933
Cucumis sativus var. schemmam	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 169 1775
Cucumis sativus var. squamosus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 451, 459 1930
Cucumis sativus var. testudaceus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 451, 459 1930
Cucumis sativus var. tuberculatus	Gabaev	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 451, 456 1930
Cucumis sativus var. variegatus	Ser.	Prodr. 3: 300 1828
Cucumis sativus var. viridis	Ser.	Prodr. 3: 300 1828
Cucumis sativus f. hardwickii	(Royle) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes	Sandakania 17: 58 (2008)
Cucumis sativus f. tuberculatus	Hiroë	Pl. Basho's & Buson's Hokku Lit. 8(3): 190, f. 1–5 1973

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	garden cucumber
English	cucumber plant
English	gherkin plant
English	hard green cumplant
English	cumcumber
English	cucumber
Spanish	c. sativus
Spanish	cogombro cultivado
Spanish	cogombro domestico
Spanish	cogombro doméstico
Spanish	cohombro comun
Spanish	cohombro común
Spanish	cohombro cultivado
Spanish	combro
Spanish	pepino comun
Spanish	pepino común
ace	timon aki
Afrikaans	komkommer
Amharic	ኪያር
ang	cucumber
ang	hƿerhƿette
Arabic	الخيار
Arabic	القثد
Arabic	خيار
Arabic	قثد
arc	ܩܛܘܬܐ
Azerbaijani	adi xiyar
azb	خیار
ba	Ҡыяр
ban	ketimun
bar	gurke
bar	guggumma
bar	guggummer
bar	gurgumma
bar	kimerling
bar	umurkn
bar	gugumma
bcl	pepino
Belarusian	Агурок
Belarusian	Агуркі
Belarusian	Агурок звычайны
Belarusian	агурок пасяўны
bew	bontèng
Bulgarian	краставица
bho	खीरा
bi	kukamba
bjn	bilungka
Bengali	শশা
Bengali	শসা
Tibetan	ཀུ་ཀུམ་བར།
Tibetan	རྡོ་ཀུབ།
br	kokombrez
Bosnian	krastavac
Catalan	cogombre
cdo	chái-guă
ce	Огурцы
Cherokee	cucumber
Cherokee	ᎦᎦᎹ
chy	heškóvemâhöö'o
co	cuccumaru
co	cucumaru
Czech	okurka setá
Czech	okurek
cv	Хӑяр
Welsh	cucumer
Welsh	ciwcymbr
Danish	agurk
Danish	almindelig agurk
dag	kukomba
German	salatgurke
German	gurke
din	akuɔl
diq	xeyar
dtp	sangop
Greek	Αγγουριά
Greek	Ξυλάγγουρο
Greek	Αγγούρι
eml	cumór (cucumis sativus)
Esperanto	kukumo
Estonian	kurk
Estonian	kurgid
Estonian	harilik kurk
Basque	kuia-luze
Basque	pepino
Basque	luzoker
Persian	خیار
Finnish	vihanneskurkku
Finnish	tuorekurkku
Finnish	kurkku
Faroese	agurk
Faroese	gurka
Faroese	agurka
French	cocombre
French	concombre
frr	gurk
Irish	cúcamar
gan	黃瓜
gan	簕瓜
gcr	konkonm
Galician	cogombro
gom	ತಮ್ಡೆ ತೊವ್ಶೆ
Gujarati	કાકડી
Manx	cucowr
Hebrew	קישוא הגינה
Hebrew	מלפפון
Hindi	खीरा
Croatian	krastavac
Upper Sorbian	kórki
Upper Sorbian	kórka
ht	konkonm
Hungarian	savanyító uborka
Hungarian	uborka
Armenian	վարունգ
iba	entimun
iba	rampu
Indonesian	timun
Indonesian	ketimun
Indonesian	ketimun suri
Indonesian	mentimun
ie	cucumbre
Igbo	cucumber
Igbo	cucumber (cucumis sativus)
io	kukombro
Icelandic	agúrka
Icelandic	gúrka
Italian	cetrioli
Italian	cetriolo
iu	ᐃᓇᓗᐊᓕᐅᓴᖅ
Japanese	キュウリ
Japanese	きゅうり
Japanese	胡瓜
Japanese	黄瓜
jv	timun
Georgian	კიტრი
kaa	qıyar
Kabyle	agan
kge	lopang
Kazakh	Бәдірен
Kazakh	Қияр
Khmer	ត្រសក់
Kannada	ಸೌತೆಕಾಯಿ
Korean	오이꽃
Korean	오이
ks	لٲر
ksh	gurke
ksh	jurk
ku	xeyar
ku	xiyar
lb	grouss kornischong
lb	kornischong
lb	concomber
lbe	Нисварти
lez	Афни
lij	chigheummao
lij	chighéumou
lij	cughœmaru
lij	cugömaru
lo	ໝາກແຕງ
Lithuanian	paprastasis agurkas
Lithuanian	green cum
Lithuanian	paprasta Žalia sperma
Lithuanian	agurkas
Latvian	gurķi
Latvian	lauka gurķis
Latvian	sējas gurķis
Latvian	gurķis
mad	tèmon
mai	खिरा
mdf	Куяр
Malagasy	kitsaotsao
min	antimun
Macedonian	pipino
Macedonian	gurke
Macedonian	gurka
Macedonian	agorks
Macedonian	almindelig agurk
Macedonian	bodring
Macedonian	bonténg
Macedonian	castravete
Macedonian	chhì-koe
Macedonian	chigheummao
Macedonian	ciwcymbr
Macedonian	cogombre
Macedonian	concombre
Macedonian	cucowr
Macedonian	cucumaru
Macedonian	cucumber
Macedonian	dưa chuột
Macedonian	gugumma
Macedonian	gúrka
Macedonian	gùrka
Macedonian	gurķis
Macedonian	harilik kurk
Macedonian	heškóvemâhöö'o
Macedonian	hıyar
Macedonian	hƿerhƿette
Macedonian	jurk
Macedonian	kachun
Macedonian	kastraveci
Macedonian	kiukamipā
Macedonian	komkommer
Macedonian	konkombure
Macedonian	konkonm
Macedonian	kórka
Macedonian	kornischong
Macedonian	krastavac
Macedonian	kukamba
Macedonian	kukombro
Macedonian	kukumo
Macedonian	kurkku
Macedonian	luzoker
Macedonian	mentimun
Macedonian	navadna kumara
Macedonian	ogórek siewny
Macedonian	okurka setá
Macedonian	paprastasis agurkas
Macedonian	pepino
Macedonian	pipinu
Macedonian	qıyar
Macedonian	taʼneeskʼání áłtsʼóózígíí
Macedonian	timun
Macedonian	uborka
Macedonian	uhorka siata
Macedonian	xiyar
Macedonian	Αγγούρι
Macedonian	Кияр
Macedonian	Краставац
Macedonian	Куяр
Macedonian	Қияр
Macedonian	Ҡыяр
Macedonian	Нисварти
Macedonian	Огірок звичайний
Macedonian	Огурец обыкновенный
Macedonian	Өргөст хэмх
Macedonian	კიტრი
Macedonian	Վարունգ
Macedonian	אוגערקע
Macedonian	מלפפון
Macedonian	خيار
Macedonian	خیار
Macedonian	کھیرا
Macedonian	لٲر
Macedonian	उर्वारुकम्
Macedonian	काकडी
Macedonian	खीरा
Macedonian	गोल काँक्रो
Macedonian	শসা
Macedonian	வெள்ளரி
Macedonian	దోసకాయలు
Macedonian	ಸೌತೆಕಾಯಿ
Macedonian	വെള്ളരി
Macedonian	แตงกวา
Macedonian	རྡོ་ཀུབ།
Macedonian	오이
Macedonian	キュウリ
Macedonian	簕瓜
Macedonian	黃瓜
Macedonian	黄瓜
Macedonian	Краставица
Malayalam	cucumber
Malayalam	വെള്ളരി
mn	Өргөст хэмх
mni	ꯊꯕꯤ (ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ)
Marathi	काकडी
Malay	pokok timun
Malay	timun
Malay	mentimun
mt	ħjara
mt	ħjar
Burmese	သခွား
Burmese	သခွားပင်
myv	Куяр
nan	chhì-koe
Norwegian Bokmål	agurk
Nepali	गोल काँक्रो
nia	la'izu
Dutch	komkommer
Dutch	komkommer plant
Dutch	komkommerplant
Norwegian Nynorsk	agurk
Oromo	kiyaara
Oriya	କାକୁଡ଼ି
os	Джитъри
Punjabi	ਖੀਰਾ
pam	pipinu
pap	kònkòmber
pcd	conconbe
Polish	ogórek siewny
Punjab	کھیرا
Pashto	بادرنگ
Portuguese	pepinos
Portuguese	pepino
Quechua	khachun
Quechua	kachun
Romanian	castraveti
Romanian	castraveți
Romanian	castravete
rsk	Огурка
Russian	огурец
Russian	Огурец посевной
Russian	Огурец обыкновенный
rup	câstrâvețu
Kinyarwanda	konkombure
sa	उर्वारुकम्
sat	ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱨ
sco	cucumber
sd	کيرا
Samogitian	agurks
Samogitian	agorks
Serbo-Croatian	krastavac
shn	တႅင်
shn	တူၼ်ႈတႅင်
Slovak	uhorka siata
Slovenian	kumara
Slovenian	kumare
Slovenian	kumarica
Slovenian	solatna kumara
Slovenian	navadna kumara
Somali	qajaar
Albanian	trangulli
Serbian	Краставци
Serbian	краставац
srn	komkomro
su	bonteng
su	bonténg
Swedish	gurka
Swahili	mtango
Tamil	வெள்ளரிக்காய்
Tamil	வெள்ளரி
tay	kulibuy
Telugu	కుకుమిస్ సటైవస్
Telugu	దోస
Telugu	దోసకాయలు
tg	Бодиринг
Thai	แตงกวา
Tonga	kiukamipā
Turkish	salatalığın yararları
Turkish	salatalık
Turkish	hıyar
tt	гади кыяр
tyv	Кыйыр
udm	Огреч
udm	Кияр
ug	تەرخەمەك
Ukrainian	огірки
Ukrainian	огірок
Ukrainian	огірок звичайний
Urdu	کھیرے
Urdu	کھیرا
Uzbek	bodring
vep	kurk
Vietnamese	dưa leo
Vietnamese	dưa chuột
vls	komkommer
war	pipino
wo	kokombar
xmf	კინტირი
yi	איגערקע
yi	פיקל
yi	אוגערקע
Chinese	黃瓜
Chinese	胡瓜
Chinese	黄瓜
Chinese	黄瓜叶
Chinese	黄瓜子
Chinese	黄瓜根
Chinese	黄瓜皮
Chinese	黄瓜藤
Chinese	黄瓜霜
Chinese	小黃瓜
Chinese	老黃瓜
Chinese	青瓜
Chinese	一种维管植物
Zulu	ikhukhamba

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Gulf Of Guinea Islands
  - Zaïre

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Oman
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam

Europe click to expand
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Czechoslovakia
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Ontario
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Kansas
  - Missouri
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Arkansas
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Kentucky
  - Louisiana
  - Mississippi
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
  - Virginia
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - Utah

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
  - Marshall Islands
- South-central Pacific
  - Pitcairn Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - New Caledonia

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Bahamas
  - Cayman Islands
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Costa Rica
  - Nicaragua
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000628992
UNII	50560UL2YV
Florida Plant Atlas	1398
Flora of Alabama	1666
Canadensys	4694
USDA Plants	CUSA4
Tropicos	9200572
INPN	93539
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292296-1
The Plant List	kew-2747062
Missouri Botanical Garden	279567
Open Tree Of Life	1006246
Observations.org	6665
NCBI Taxonomy	3659
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000034128
Nature Serve	2.148362
IPNI	292296-1
iNaturalist	54919
GBIF	2874569
Freebase	/m/015x4r
EPPO	CUMSA
EPPO	CUMSG
EOL	584402
Elurikkus	4169
US Library of Congress	sh85034673
USDA GRIN	404426
Wikipedia	Cucumber

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCF_000004075.3	Cucumber_9930_V3	Chromosome	The Cucumber Genome Initiative	2019-11-15	50	214.39 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

On-farm crop diversity, conservation, importance and value: a case study of landraces from Western Ghats of Karnataka, India

Puneeth GM, Gowthami R, Katral A, Laxmisha KM, Vasudeva R, Singh GP, Archak S

Sci Rep

10-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11087530
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-61428-1
PMID:	38730080

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile Analysis of the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene Family in Hevea brasiliensis

Liu H, He Q, Hu Y, Lu R, Wu S, Feng C, Yuan K, Wang Z

Int J Mol Sci

06-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11084274
doi:	10.3390/ijms25095052
PMID:	38732270

Salicylic Acid and Calcium Chloride Seed Priming: A Prominent Frontier in Inducing Mineral Nutrition Balance and Antioxidant System Capacity to Enhance the Tolerance of Barley Plants to Salinity

Ben Youssef R, Jelali N, Martínez-Andújar C, Abdelly C, Hernández JA

Plants (Basel)

02-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085932
doi:	10.3390/plants13091268
PMID:	38732483

Research on the function of CsMYB36 based on an effective hair root transformation system

Shen X, Yang T, Du Y, Hao N, Cao J, Wu T, Wang C

Plant Signal Behav

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11062371
doi:	10.1080/15592324.2024.2345983
PMID:	38686613

Multi-functional copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Lagerstroemia indica leaf extracts and their applications

Geremew A, Palmer L, Johnson A, Reeves S, Brooks N, Carson L

Heliyon

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11078880
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30178
PMID:	38726176

Multilocus Gene Analyses Indicate Tamarix aphylla as Reservoir Host of Diverse Phytoplasmas Associated with Witches’ Broom and Yellowing Symptomatology

Esmaeilzadeh-Hosseini SA, Babaei G, Pacini F, Bertaccini A

Plants (Basel)

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085372
doi:	10.3390/plants13091248
PMID:	38732463

Genome-Wide Identification of GAST Family Members and Their Potential Roles in Epicotyl Dormancy in Chinese Cork Oak (Quercus variabilis)

Wang Y, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yu Z, Liu P, Li G, Yang Q

Plants (Basel)

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085511
doi:	10.3390/plants13091247
PMID:	38732462

Synergistic interactions of nanoparticles and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhancing soil-plant systems: a multigenerational perspective

Verma KK, Joshi A, Song XP, Singh S, Kumari A, Arora J, Singh SK, Solanki MK, Seth CS, Li YR

Front Plant Sci

29-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11089215
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1376214
PMID:	38742215

Analyzing heavy metal contamination for one of the high-rate consumption fruits in Iran: A probabilistic health risk assessment

Rezvani Ghalhari M, Rezaei Rahimi N, Fahiminia M, Noruzzade E, Azhdarpoor A, Koochakzadeh Z, Vakili H, Fouladi-Fard R

Heliyon

28-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11088310
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30392
PMID:	38737238

Effect of Chitosan and Hyperbranched Poly-L-Lysine Treatment on Quality of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) during Storage

Sun J, Li J, Ren R, Yao L, Tong L, Yuan J, Wang D

Foods

27-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11083981
doi:	10.3390/foods13091354
PMID:	38731725

Impacts of continuous cropping on the rhizospheric and endospheric microbial communities and root exudates of Astragalus mongholicus

Zhou Q, Wang Y, Yue L, Ye A, Xie X, Zhang M, Tian Y, Liu Y, Turatsinze AN, Constantine U, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Wang R

BMC Plant Biol

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11047024
doi:	10.1186/s12870-024-05024-5
PMID:	38671402

Exploring Gluten Assessment in Marketed Products through a Sandwich ELISA Methodology Based on Novel Recombinant Antibodies

Garcia-Calvo E, García-García A, Rodríguez S, Martín R, García T

Foods

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11083168
doi:	10.3390/foods13091341
PMID:	38731712

Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Kenya

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Manda RR, Schulz OM, Akrivou A, Antonatos S, Beris D, Debode J, Kritikos C, Kormpi M, Lacomme C, Manceau C, Papachristos D, Reppa C, Gardi C, Potting R

EFSA J

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11044013
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8742
PMID:	38665158

Umbravirus-like RNA viruses are capable of independent systemic plant infection in the absence of encoded movement proteins

Ying X, Bera S, Liu J, Toscano-Morales R, Jang C, Yang S, Ho J, Simon AE

PLoS Biol

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11081511
doi:	10.1371/journal.pbio.3002600
PMID:	38662792

Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis of Expansin Gene Family in Medicago sativa L.

Li Y, Zhang Y, Cui J, Wang X, Li M, Zhang L, Kang J

Int J Mol Sci

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11083626
doi:	10.3390/ijms25094700
PMID:	38731920

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acids
Benzoic Acid	243	Click to see	122.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid	135	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O	138.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Salicylic acid and derivatives / Salicylic acids
Salicylic Acid	338	Click to see	138.12	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC161414/ https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.250.4983.1004
> Benzenoids / Perylenequinones
[(2R)-1-[3,10-dihydroxy-12-[(2R)-2-(3-hydroxybutanoyloxy)propyl]-2,6,7,11-tetramethoxy-4,9-dioxoperylen-1-yl]propan-2-yl] 3-hydroxybutanoate	102174410	Click to see	722.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80424-2
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
(1S,3aR,4S,6aR)-1,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropentalene-2,5-dione	163038940	Click to see C1C2C(CC(=O)C2C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C(C1=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O	322.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
1,4-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropentalene-2,5-dione	163038939	Click to see	322.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
(-)-Pinoresinol	12309636	Click to see	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
Pinoresinol	73399	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
Sesamin	72307	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Myristic Acid	11005	Click to see	228.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
Palmitic Acid	985	Click to see	256.42	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726
Stearic Acid	5281	Click to see	284.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(4S)-4-hydroxy-4-[(E,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybut-1-enyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one	16105434	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1(C=CC(COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)(C)C	402.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
4-Hydroxy-4-[3-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybut-1-enyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one	72999519	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1(C=CC(COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)(C)C	402.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty aldehydes
(Z)-pentadec-7-enal	73388219	Click to see	224.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(71)85105-1
Pentadec-7-enal	163006955	Click to see	224.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(71)85105-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726
Linolenic Acid	5280934	Click to see	278.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / C19-gibberellins / C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids
5-Hydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.15,8.01,10.02,8]heptadec-12-ene-9-carboxylic acid	12310158	Click to see	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386846
CID 443464	443464	Click to see CC12C=CCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)OC2=O	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386846
Gibberellic acid	6466	Click to see CC12C(C=CC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)OC2=O)O	346.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386846
Gibberellin A20	5280481	Click to see	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202956
Gibberellin A34	5281987	Click to see CC12C3C(C45CC(CCC4C3(CC(C1O)O)OC2=O)C(=C)C5)C(=O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202956
Gibberellin A4	92109	Click to see	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386846
Gibberellin A5	5281988	Click to see CC12C=CCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)OC2=O	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202956
Gibberellin A8	5280607	Click to see	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202956
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(4R)-4-[(E,3R)-3,4-dihydroxybut-1-enyl]-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one	133561757	Click to see	240.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
4-(3,4-Dihydroxybut-1-enyl)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one	124222269	Click to see	240.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
4-Hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-(3-oxo-1-butenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one	440265	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1(C=CC(=O)C)O)(C)C	222.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
Cucumegastigmane I	16105430	Click to see	240.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
Dehydrovomifoliol	688492	Click to see	222.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene	5280489	Click to see	536.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls
Lutein A	5281243	Click to see	568.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Euphol	441678	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
[(3R,4aR,6aS,6bS,8aS,11R,12aR,14bS)-11-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13-dodecahydropicen-3-yl] benzoate	21596186	Click to see	544.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00433-0
[(3R,5S,9S,10R,13S,14R,17S)-17-[(2R,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	163187880	Click to see	454.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
[(3R,5S,9S,10R,13S,14R,17S)-17-[(2S,3E,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhepta-3,6-dien-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	162989365	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)OC(=O)C)C)C)C(=C)C	452.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
[17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	14754319	Click to see	454.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
[17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhepta-3,6-dien-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	347367	Click to see	452.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
11a,12a-Epoxy-3b-hydroxy-28,13-oleananolide 3-acetate	13818991	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2C4C(O4)C56C3(CCC7(C5CC(CC7)(C)C)C(=O)O6)C)C)C	512.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol	12312989	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C4=CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
Lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol	856	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
Multiflorenol	12312990	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
Tirucallol	101257	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3=C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cucurbitacins
(8S,9R,10S,13R,14S)-17-[(2R)-2,6-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-oxohept-4-en-2-yl]-2,16-dihydroxy-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,7,8,10,12,15,16,17-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione	138113434	Click to see CC1(C2=CCC3C4(CC(C(C4(CC(=O)C3(C2CC(C1=O)O)C)C)C(C)(C(=O)C=CC(C)(C)O)O)O)C)C	516.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051
Cucurbitacin A	5281315	Click to see CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C=CC(=O)C(C)(C1C(CC2(C1(CC(=O)C3(C2CC=C4C3CC(C(=O)C4(C)C)O)CO)C)C)O)O	574.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051
Cucurbitacin B	5281316	Click to see CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C=CC(=O)C(C)(C1C(CC2(C1(CC(=O)C3(C2CC=C4C3CC(C(=O)C4(C)C)O)C)C)C)O)O	558.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051
Cucurbitacin C	5281317	Click to see CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C=CC(=O)C(C)(C1C(CC2(C1(CC(=O)C3(C2CC=C4C3CCC(C4(C)C)O)CO)C)C)O)O	560.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)85020-1
Cucurbitacin E	5281319	Click to see	556.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051
Cucurbitacin I	5281321	Click to see	514.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A051
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
(3S,9S,10S,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	92043369	Click to see	398.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80252-0
17-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	314387	Click to see	398.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80252-0
22,23-Dihydrobrassicasterol	5283637	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84516-1
Campesta-7,22E-dien-3beta-ol	5283669	Click to see	398.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80252-0
Stellasterol	5283628	Click to see	398.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80252-0
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84516-1
Stigmasterol Glucoside	6602508	Click to see	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(74)85034-X
> Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Purine nucleosides
2-(6-Aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol	191	Click to see	267.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
9-alpha-Ribofuranosyladenine	448378	Click to see	267.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
Adenosine	60961	Click to see C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N	267.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Phenylalanine and derivatives
3-[[1-(4-Aminobutylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]oxirane-2-carboxylic acid	19423296	Click to see	349.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Secondary amines / Dialkylamines
Spermidine	1102	Click to see C(CCNCCCN)CN	145.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82597-2
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
(2S,4aS,6aS,8aR,12aS,14aS,14bR)-10-hydroxy-2,4a,6a,9,9,12a,14a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydropicene-2-carboxylic acid	137706079	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50092A001
(3beta,13alpha,14beta)-13-Methyl-26-norolean-8-en-3-ol	11876210	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85222-9
Bryonolol	15756408	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00433-0
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
D-Glucose	5793	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567726
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzothiazoles
Benzothiazolone	13625	Click to see	151.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolecarboxylic acids and derivatives
Indole-3-carboxylic acid	69867	Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)C(=O)O	161.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indoles
Indole-3-Carboxaldehyde	10256	Click to see	145.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.55.133 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1088338
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acids
Cinnamic acid	444539	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O	148.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate	5319562	Click to see COC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O	178.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Methyl p-coumarate	92203	Click to see	178.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
4-Coumaric acid	322	Click to see	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
P-Coumaric Acid	637542	Click to see	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Luteolin	5280445	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1556/AALIM.29.2000.4.4
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1556/AALIM.29.2000.4.4
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162859846	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)O	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163018874	Click to see	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	73829970	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3C(C(C(OC3C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)OC)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	800.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	74977470	Click to see	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	74977469	Click to see	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)chromen-4-one	6426860	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Chromen-4-One	4475102	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(1R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163086979	Click to see	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(1R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163086978	Click to see CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(1R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163186227	Click to see CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	74977435	Click to see	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-Dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	100952217	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3C(C(C(OC3C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	160702278	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00053-3
Cucumerin B	44257648	Click to see	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Isoorientin	114776	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Isoscoparin 2''-(6-(E)-p-coumaroylglucoside)	21722001	Click to see	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
isoscoparin 2''-[6-(E)-feruloylglucoside]	21722000	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3C(C(C(OC3C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)OC)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	800.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Isovitexin	162350	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Isovitexin 2''-(6'''-(E)-p-coumaroylglucoside)	100952216	Click to see	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	154497137	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(1R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162950399	Click to see	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(1S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162950401	Click to see	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	154497665	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	73808155	Click to see CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=C(C(=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-bis[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	44257674	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	5378180	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	154497677	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Cucumerin A	44257649	Click to see CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=C(C(=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Homo-orientin	5382105	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Orientin	5281675	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
Vicenin 2	3084407	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Vicenin 2	442664	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Vitexin	5280441	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP030150Y
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	102587840	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162904079	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3C(C(C(OC3C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163195564	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163189338	Click to see	902.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163188528	Click to see	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162920603	Click to see	902.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162958514	Click to see	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	74977507	Click to see	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	74977506	Click to see	902.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163049412	Click to see	624.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Isovitexin 2''-(6'''-(E)-feruloylglucoside) 4'-glucoside	102587839	Click to see	932.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Isovitexin 2''-(6'''-(E)-p-coumaroylglucoside) 4'-glucoside	102587838	Click to see	902.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163188662	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O	562.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	154496168	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162866445	Click to see	562.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	4636593	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
5-hydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one	100928184	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Isovitexin 4',7-diglucoside	131751646	Click to see	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
Saponarin	441381	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00156-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Phenylpropanoic acids
Benzenepropanoic acid	107	Click to see	150.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065988

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Cucumis sativus

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