Nauclea officinalis

Details

Ethnobotanical Use

General Uses

Synonyms

Common Names

Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)

Germination/Propagation

Distribution

Links to other databases

Genome

Scientific Literature

Phytochemical Profile

Gallery

Contributors

Collections

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID643fe419c5936802645243
Scientific name	Nauclea officinalis
Authority	(Pierre ex Pit.) Merr. & Chun
First published in	Sunyatsenia 5: 188 (1940)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Timber for light construction, interior joinery and furniture.
- Fuelwood used directly as firewood and processed into charcoal.
- Wood pulp for paper manufacturing.

Industrial and craft applications:
- Production of sawn lumber, plywood and veneer for interior paneling and flooring.
- Furniture making and non‑structural joinery.
- Pulp conversion into various grades of writing and printing paper.

Colorants and tanning:
- Bark contains a high proportion of condensed tannins, historically employed as a natural brown dye and tanning agent for leather (protein fibers).

Wood and fiber:
- Solid wood supplied as dimension lumber and as raw material for secondary processed products (e.g., plywood, veneer).

Properties relevant to use:
- Wood of medium density (≈0.55–0.65 g cm⁻³ at 12 % moisture) with moderate shrinkage, providing adequate strength and stability for interior applications.
- Bark rich in condensed tannins (flavan‑3‑ol type) that confer tanning activity.

Standards and regulation:
- Timber grading and quality assessment follow national timber standards (e.g., Ghana’s Timber Classification) and density measurement methods in accordance with ISO 13061‑1.
- Pulp and paper production adhere to ISO 2470 (paper brightness) and related pulp quality standards.
- Tannin extracts for leather are subject to chemical registration and safety regulations such as REACH (EU) and national tanning‑chemical laws.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- Nauclea officinalis is not listed as threatened and regenerates readily in secondary forest; it is cultivated in agroforestry systems, providing a renewable source of timber and fuel.
- Regional forestry agencies and the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) promote sustainable harvesting practices to maintain long‑term availability.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Nauclea brunnea	Craib	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 208 (1931)
Sarcocephalus officinalis	Pierre ex Pit.	Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 26 (1922)
Nauclea officinalis	(Pierre ex Pit.) N.N.Tran	J. Biol. (Vietnam) 1(3): 23. 1979

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Vietnamese	huỳnh bá
Vietnamese	gáo cam
Chinese	胆木
Chinese	乌檀
Chinese	乌檀_(胆木）

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Jawa
  - Malaya
  - Sumatera

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000249610
Tropicos	50009311
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77078143-1
The Plant List	kew-133248
Open Tree Of Life	475710
Observations.org	360246
NCBI Taxonomy	1009495
IPNI	77078143-1
iNaturalist	427237
GBIF	5339131
EOL	1104521
Elurikkus	520518
CMAUP	NPO28864

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Strictosamide promotes wound healing through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway

Ming GX, Liu JY, Wu YH, Li LY, Ma XY, Liu P, Pan YP, He XN, Li YH

Heliyon

23-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11064450
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30169
PMID:	38699022

Network pharmacology: a bright guiding light on the way to explore the personalized precise medication of traditional Chinese medicine

Li L, Yang L, Yang L, He C, He Y, Chen L, Dong Q, Zhang H, Chen S, Li P

Chin Med

08-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10631104
doi:	10.1186/s13020-023-00853-2
PMID:	37941061

Two Novel Iboga-Type and an Oxindole Glucuronide Alkaloid from Tabernaemontana peduncularis Disclose Related Biosynthetic Pathways to Tabernaemontana divaricata

Traxler F, Zhang H, Mahavorasirikul W, Krivanek K, Cai XH, Aiyakool W, Pfeiffer M, Brecker L, Schinnerl J

Molecules

16-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10535570
doi:	10.3390/molecules28186664
PMID:	37764440

N-Methyl Costaricine and Costaricine, Two Potent Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Alseodaphne pendulifolia Gamb.

Husna Hasnan MH, Sivasothy Y, Khaw KY, Nafiah MA, Hazni H, Litaudon M, Wan Ruzali WA, Liew SY, Awang K

Int J Mol Sci

27-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10341795
doi:	10.3390/ijms241310699
PMID:	37445877

Natural Inhibitors of Cholinesterases: Chemistry, Structure–Activity and Methods of Their Analysis

Smyrska-Wieleba N, Mroczek T

Int J Mol Sci

01-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9916849
doi:	10.3390/ijms24032722
PMID:	36769043

Spirooxindole: A Versatile Biologically Active Heterocyclic Scaffold

Panda SS, Girgis AS, Aziz MN, Bekheit MS

Molecules

07-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9861573
doi:	10.3390/molecules28020618
PMID:	36677676

Measurement of Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Four Compounds from Nauclea officinalis in Rat Plasma and Tissues through HPLC-MS/MS

Wu Y, Li L, Ming G, Ma X, Liang C, Li Y, He X

J Anal Methods Chem

21-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9797307
doi:	10.1155/2022/5297603
PMID:	36591325

Nauclea officinalis: A Chinese medicinal herb with phytochemical, biological, and pharmacological effects

Liu B, Geng Q, Cao Z, Li L, Lu P, Lin L, Yan L, Lu C

Chin Med

20-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9764569
doi:	10.1186/s13020-022-00691-8
PMID:	36539909

Integrated metabolomics, network pharmacology and biological verification to reveal the mechanisms of Nauclea officinalis treatment of LPS-induced acute lung injury

Xu H, Xu S, Li L, Wu Y, Mai S, Xie Y, Tan Y, Li A, Xue F, He X, Li Y

Chin Med

24-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9700915
doi:	10.1186/s13020-022-00685-6
PMID:	36434729

Chemotaxonomy and Antibacterial Activity of the Extracts and Chemical Constituents of Psychotria succulenta Hiern. (Rubiaceae)

Ngnokam Jouogo DC, Tamokou JD, Teponno RB, Matsuete-Takongmo G, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L, Tapondjou LA, Ngnokam D

Biomed Res Int

15-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9217553
doi:	10.1155/2022/7856305
PMID:	35757466

Effectiveness and safety of Danmu extract syrup for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children: A real‐world, prospective cohort study

Zeng L, Li H, Zhang C, Kang D, Liu G, Li X, Chen L, Zeng M, Huang L, Xu P, Feng S, Yu Q, Liu H, Zhang L

J Evid Based Med

13-Apr-2022

PMCID:	PMC9322449
doi:	10.1111/jebm.12464
PMID:	35416436

An insight into the recent developments in anti-infective potential of indole and associated hybrids

Mathada BS, Somappa SB

J Mol Struct

11-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC8913251
doi:	10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132808
PMID:	35291692

Mitragyna Species as Pharmacological Agents: From Abuse to Promising Pharmaceutical Products

Ahmad I, Prabowo WC, Arifuddin M, Fadraersada J, Indriyanti N, Herman H, Purwoko RY, Nainu F, Rahmadi A, Paramita S, Kuncoro H, Mita N, Narsa AC, Prasetya F, Ibrahim A, Rijai L, Alam G, Mun’im A, Dej-adisai S

Life (Basel)

27-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8878704
doi:	10.3390/life12020193
PMID:	35207481

Comprehensive characterization of naturally occurring antioxidants from the twigs of mulberry ( Morus alba ) using on‐line high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with chemical detection and high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Thomas Pannakal S, Eilstein J, Prasad A, Ekhar P, Shetty S, Peng Z, Bordier E, Boudah S, Paillat L, Marrot L, Garnier L, Pavan L, Roy N

Phytochem Anal

28-Jun-2021

PMCID:	PMC9292295
doi:	10.1002/pca.3072
PMID:	34184340

Plant-Based Indole Alkaloids: A Comprehensive Overview from a Pharmacological Perspective

Omar F, Tareq AM, Alqahtani AM, Dhama K, Sayeed MA, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J

Molecules

15-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8071433
doi:	10.3390/molecules26082297
PMID:	33921093

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Yohimbine alkaloids
(1S,18S,19S,20S)-18-methyl-14-oxo-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8,15-pentaene-19-carbaldehyde	163076165	Click to see	336.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
18-Methyl-14-oxo-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8,15-pentaene-19-carbaldehyde	75596141	Click to see	336.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Propyl Benzoate	16846	Click to see CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1	164.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acids
Benzoic Acid	243	Click to see	122.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Protocatechuic Acid	72	Click to see	154.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid	370	Click to see	170.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
Ethyl gallate	13250	Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O	198.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
Methyl Gallate	7428	Click to see	184.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
Propyl Gallate	4947	Click to see	212.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Resorcinols
5-((8Z,11Z)-heptadeca-8,11-dien-1-yl)resorcinol	14235913	Click to see	344.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-(Heptadec-12-enyl)resorcinol	5281859	Click to see CCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O	346.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(E)-heptadec-12-enyl]benzene-1,3-diol	5318012	Click to see	346.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(Z)-heptadec-11-enyl]benzene-1,3-diol	24802634	Click to see	346.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Hexacontane	24318	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	843.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Triacontane	12535	Click to see	422.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,7-epoxylignans
2-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran	10066965	Click to see	358.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Eicosanoic Acid	10467	Click to see	312.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Heptadecanoic Acid	10465	Click to see	270.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Myristic Acid	11005	Click to see	228.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oleic Acid	445639	Click to see	282.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Palmitic Acid	985	Click to see	256.42	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pentadecanoic Acid	13849	Click to see	242.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Stearic Acid	5281	Click to see	284.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(2R)-2-[(2S,3S)-8-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl]propanoic acid	154497071	Click to see	426.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybut-2-en-2-yl]-7,12-dihydro-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-4-one	74332590	Click to see	498.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
CID 24862704	24862704	Click to see CC=C(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)N3CCC4=C(C3=C2)NC5=CC=CC=C45)CO	498.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	280.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Linolenic Acid	5280934	Click to see	278.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Diradylglycerols / Diacylglycerols / 1,2-diacylglycerols
Diolein	6505653	Click to see	621.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Diradylglycerols / Diacylglycerols / 1,3-diacylglycerols
1,3-Dielaidin	5316908	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)O	621.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Monoradylglycerols / Monoacylglycerols / 1-monoacylglycerols
(2r)-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl (9z)-Octadec-9-Enoate	11451146	Click to see	356.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Monoradylglycerols / Monoacylglycerols / 2-monoacylglycerols
2-Oleoylglycerol	5319879	Click to see	356.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids
Aubergenone	15601418	Click to see	236.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
Taraxerol	92097	Click to see	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Taraxerone	92785	Click to see	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid	162958497	Click to see	632.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.628839
Quivin	3508071	Click to see	632.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.628839
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene	5280489	Click to see	536.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls
(1R,3S,6S)-6-[(1E,3E,5E,7Z,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1S,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-ol	12358665	Click to see	600.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol	44481270	Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2C(=CC(CC2(C)C)O)C)C)C	568.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3S,3'S)-Zeaxanthin	21772452	Click to see	568.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3S)-beta-Cryptoxanthin	44554791	Click to see	552.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(5S,6R)-beta-carotene 5,6-epoxide	9548874	Click to see	552.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
9-cis-Violaxanthin	5282218	Click to see	600.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Violaxanthin	448438	Click to see	600.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Erythrodiol	101761	Click to see	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-1,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14a,14b-hexadecahydropicene-2,10-diol	10478653	Click to see	444.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,2S,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-1,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14a,14b-hexadecahydropicene-2,10-diol	14313598	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1(C)O)C)C)C)(C)C)O)C	444.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,11R,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol	10836206	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,11S,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-11-hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-one	101290252	Click to see	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,2,6b,9,9,12a-Hexamethyl-10-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid	73821060	Click to see	484.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.628839
3-Oxours-12-ene-27a,28-dioic acid	21672630	Click to see	484.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.628839
9,19-Cyclolanostan-28-ol, (4beta)-	101670839	Click to see	428.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Alpha-Amyrin	73170	Click to see	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Dammarenediol I	441675	Click to see	444.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epifriedelanol	119242	Click to see	428.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Friedelin	91472	Click to see	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Friedelinol	101341	Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C)O	428.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Lupeol Acetate	92157	Click to see	468.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oleanolic aldehyde	10321055	Click to see	440.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
Cholesterol	5997	Click to see	386.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	14313591	Click to see	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(E,2R)-6-methoxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	21599950	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)OC)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,3R,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,6S)-7-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-one	100966504	Click to see	454.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(24S)-Cycloartane-3\|A,24,25-triol	14314549	Click to see CC(CCC(C(C)(C)O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	460.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2R,6R)-6-[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]-2-methyl-3-methylideneheptanoic acid	101286241	Click to see	470.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4I(2),24E)-28-Hydroxy-3-oxo-9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-26-oic acid	45270931	Click to see	470.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,4R,6R)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[(1S,3R,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-oxo-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]hept-2-enoic acid	101881652	Click to see	470.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,4R,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid	100966505	Click to see	472.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid	100966506	Click to see CC(CC(C=C(C)C(=O)O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	472.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,3R,6R,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]hept-2-enoic acid	14314564	Click to see CC(CCC=C(CO)C(=O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	472.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,6R)-6-[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl]-2-methylhept-2-enal	14314541	Click to see	440.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
24-Methylenecycloartanol	94204	Click to see	440.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
24-Methylenecycloartanone	14635659	Click to see	438.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
27-Hydroxymangiferolic acid	45269256	Click to see CC(CCC=C(CO)C(=O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	472.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
27-Hydroxymangiferonic acid	45270932	Click to see	470.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Ambonic acid	101286242	Click to see CC(CCC(=C)C(C)C(=O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C	468.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloart-23-ene-3beta,25-diol	5470009	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloart-23-ene-3I(2),25-diol	393626	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloartane-3I(2),25-diol	14314547	Click to see	444.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloartenol	92110	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloartenol Acetate	13023741	Click to see	468.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cycloartenone	12305360	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isomangiferolic Acid	14034468	Click to see	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Mangiferolic Acid	45270099	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C(=O)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Mangiferonic Acid	14034474	Click to see	454.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see	414.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
6beta-Hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one	9823926	Click to see	428.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Stigmastane-3,6-diol	12070151	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC(C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)O)C)C(C)C	432.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Glutamic acid and derivatives
CID 6037	6037	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NCC2=CN=C3C(=N2)C(=O)N=C(N3)N	441.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
2-(Carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate;hydron	88113319	Click to see [H+].[H+].C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O	192.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organic cyanides / Nitriles
Hydrogen Cyanide	768	Click to see	27.03	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(19E)-19-ethylidene-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4(9),5,7,15(20)-hexaene-14,16-dione	24862702	Click to see	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-[2-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-6-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl]methanone	102076688	Click to see	696.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-[2,3,6-tris-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl]methanone	101352486	Click to see	880.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-[6-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl]methanone	102076687	Click to see	696.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
(e)-2-(1-Hydroxybut-2-en-2-yl)-11-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy-6,7-di-hydro-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-4(12h)-one	24862705	Click to see CC=C(CO)C1=CC(=O)N2CCC3=C(C2=C1)NC4=C3C=CC=C4OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O	484.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
[2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]phenyl]-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methanone	46206549	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2O)OC)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O	452.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[3-[2,6-Bis-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl](4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone	102082135	Click to see	712.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
19-Ethylidene-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4(9),5,7,15(20)-hexaene-14,16-dione	74337036	Click to see CC=C1COC(=O)C2=C1C=C3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=C(N4)C(=CC=C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
2-(1-hydroxybut-2-en-2-yl)-11-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-7,12-dihydro-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-4-one	74337038	Click to see CC=C(CO)C1=CC(=O)N2CCC3=C(C2=C1)NC4=C3C=CC=C4OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O	484.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
3-C-beta-D-glucopyranosylmaclurin	101538363	Click to see	424.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Foliamangiferoside A	46206548	Click to see	422.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides
GlyTouCan:G72499XJ	14211992	Click to see	208.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxane-2,4-diol	13887303	Click to see COCC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)OC)O)OC	222.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranose	111162	Click to see	236.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,3,6-Tri-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranose	448683	Click to see COCC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)OC)OC)O	222.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
alpha-D-GALACTOSE	439357	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives
L-Tartaric acid	444305	Click to see	150.09	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones
1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one	5319258	Click to see C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	438.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,3,7-Trihydroxyxanthone	5281635	Click to see	244.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one	5318081	Click to see	452.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Euxanthone	5281631	Click to see	228.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
Homomangiferin	5491388	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC3=CC(=C(C=C3C2=O)O)O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	436.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isomangiferin	5318597	Click to see	422.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Mangiferin	5281647	Click to see C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	422.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Norathyriol	5281656	Click to see	260.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Carbazoles
Methyl 19-hydroxy-12-methyl-11-oxa-8,17-diazahexacyclo[11.6.1.110,13.01,9.02,7.017,20]henicosa-2,4,6,14-tetraene-10-carboxylate	5315221	Click to see CC1C23CC(O1)(C4C5(C2N(CC=C3)CC5O)C6=CC=CC=C6N4)C(=O)OC	368.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyridoindoles / Beta carbolines
(1S,15S,16R,19E,20R)-19-ethylidene-16-hydroxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8-tetraen-14-one	24862703	Click to see	338.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
(1S)-16-hydroxy-19-methyl-18-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8,15,18,20-heptaen-14-one	5487217	Click to see CC1=C(OC(=C2C1=CC3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=CC=CC=C5N4)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	498.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
14-oxo-11,12-dihydro-3H-yohimban-19-carbaldehyde	5320030	Click to see	314.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
16-Hydroxy-17-methyl-18-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4,6,8,15,19-heptaen-14-one	54714261	Click to see	320.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
17-Methyl-14-oxo-18-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4,6,8,15,19-heptaene-16-carbaldehyde	5320034	Click to see CC1C(=C2C(=CO1)C=C3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=CC=CC=C5N4)C=O	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
19-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,13,17-triazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4,6,8,15,17,19-octaen-14-one	154496150	Click to see	331.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
19-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,13,17-triazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4,6,8,15,17,19-octaen-14-one	122206354	Click to see CC(C1=C2C=C3C4=C(CCN3C(=O)C2=CN=C1)C5=CC=CC=C5N4)O	331.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
19-Ethylidene-16-hydroxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8-tetraen-14-one	74337037	Click to see CC=C1COC(C2C1CC3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=CC=CC=C5N4)O	338.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
4-oxo-7,12-dihydro-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-1-carbaldehyde	5320028	Click to see	264.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-hydroxy-19-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,13,17-triazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4(9),5,7,15,17,19-octaen-14-one	162843988	Click to see	347.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
Angustoline	3084765	Click to see	331.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
Nauclefiline	6438926	Click to see CC=C1COC=C2C1CC3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=CC=CC=C5N4	320.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Naucleofficine E	24861912	Click to see	347.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2008.01.008
Naucleoside B	10369140	Click to see C=CC1C(OC(=C2C1=CC3C4=C(CCN3C2=O)C5=CC=CC=C5N4)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	512.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Vincoside Lactam	44567645	Click to see	498.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
alpha-Methylbutyrolactone, (R)-	638758	Click to see	100.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans / Naphthopyranones
5,5',6'-Trihydroxy-6,8,8'-trimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyl(7,10'-bi-4H-naphtho(2,3-b)pyran)-4,4'-dione	155008	Click to see	556.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rubrofusarin	72537	Click to see	272.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epicatechin	72276	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Catechin gallates
(+)-Catechin 3-Gallate	5276454	Click to see	442.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One	712318	Click to see	304.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Fisetin	5281614	Click to see	286.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see	286.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside	21626710	Click to see	452.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
quercetin 3-O-sophoroside	5282166	Click to see	626.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercitrin	5280459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rhamnetin 3-galactoside	10344991	Click to see	478.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rhamnetin 3-O-\|A-D-glucopyranoside	14704554	Click to see	478.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones
5-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxylphenyl)pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-4(8h)-one	91356749	Click to see C1C=CC2=C(O1)C=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C(=CO3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O	308.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose	65238	Click to see	940.70	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Nauclea officinalis

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