Sideritis taurica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fecdfb7174280053468 |
| Scientific name | Sideritis taurica |
| Authority | Willd. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 3: 66 (1800) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Dried aerial parts (flowers, leaves, stems) marketed as herbal tea or flavoring ingredient.
- Steam‑distilled essential oil supplied by specialty essential‑oil suppliers for aromatic applications.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Essential oil is obtained by hydrodistillation or steam distillation of fresh or partially dried aerial parts; yields reported in the literature range from 0.3 % to 0.8 % (v/w) of fresh biomass.
- The oil is supplied to perfumery houses, fragrance manufacturers, and craft suppliers for use in scented candles, soaps, lotions, and creams.
- Plant material serves as a voucher specimen for molecular phylogenetic studies (e.g., ITS sequencing) and as a source of extracts in chemotaxonomic investigations of the genus Sideritis.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Dried S. taurica is used in ready‑to‑brew tea bags and in bottled herbal beverage blends, providing a mild herbaceous flavor without pharmacological claims.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- The oil’s aromatic profile, dominated by monoterpenes (α‑pinene, β‑pinene, 1,8‑cineole) and sesquiterpenes (caryophyllene, α‑humulene), is incorporated into fine‑fragrance compositions, scented soaps, lotions, and creams.
- Its high monoterpene content provides a fresh, pine‑like top note while the sesquiterpene fraction contributes a warm, lingering dry‑down; the presence of 1,8‑cineole and camphor imparts a slight cooling sensation attractive for summer‑season fragrance lines.
Properties relevant to use:
- Typical composition (reported in literature): α‑pinene (≈10–15 % v/v), β‑pinene (≈5–8 %), 1,8‑cineole (≈8–12 %), camphor (≈5–7 %), caryophyllene (≈3–5 %), α‑humulene (≈2–4 %), caryophyllene oxide (≈1–3 %).
- Physical constants: specific gravity 0.910–0.935 at 20 °C; refractive index 1.472–1.485; optical rotation typically −5° to +5°, consistent with terpenic oils and useful for quality‑control assessments.
- The balance of volatile monoterpenes and less‑volatile sesquiterpenes yields a balanced fragrance profile and favorable solubility in alcoholic bases.
Standards and regulation:
- Essential‑oil quality follows ISO 11014 (density and refractive index) and ISO 279 (specification) for identity and purity.
- Use as a flavoring in foods must comply with EU Regulation (EU) No 1334/2008, requiring listing in the Union List and respect for maximum use levels.
- Cosmetic applications are subject to EU Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, which governs fragrance substances and permissible concentration limits.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- The species is traditionally wild‑harvested from mountainous habitats in the Balkans and Turkey; the IUCN lists S. taurica as vulnerable in Turkey, prompting collection quotas.
- Recent agronomic trials in the Aegean region show successful seed propagation under controlled greenhouse conditions, with transplant survival exceeding 80 %, offering a sustainable alternative.
- Some producers maintain seed‑banking and reforestation programs to preserve genetic diversity and reduce pressure on wild populations.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Navicularia syriaca subsp. distans | (Willd.) Soják | Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 79 (1979 publ. 1980) |
| Navicularia syriaca subsp. taurica | (Steph. ex Willd.) Soják | Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 79 (1979 publ. 1980) |
| Sideritis chlorostegia | Juz. | Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 24 (1951) |
| Sideritis distans | Willd. | Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 3: 66 (1800) |
| Sideritis dura | Benth. | Labiat. Gen. Spec. : 576 (1834) |
| Sideritis georgica | K.Koch | Linnaea 21: 694 (1849) |
| Sideritis scythica | Juz. | Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 13: 296 (1950) |
| Sideritis syriaca | Pall. ex M.Bieb. | Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 43 (1808) |
| Sideritis syriaca subsp. taurica | (Steph. ex Willd.) Gladkova | Fl. Evropeískoí Chasti SSSR 3: 143 (1978) |
| Sideritis taurica var. dimorpha | Fisch. & C.A.Mey. | Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 6: 65 (1840) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
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Western Asia
- Turkey
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Caucasus
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Krym
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Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
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Eastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000310492 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:459113-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-191687 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 290038 |
| Observations.org | 147165 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 155266 |
| IPNI | 459113-1 |
| iNaturalist | 940252 |
| GBIF | 7307360 |
| Elurikkus | 586215 |
| USDA GRIN | 33909 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
| Title | Authors | Publication | Released | IDs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical profile of the Anatolian Sideritis species with bioactivity studies | Çarıkçı S, Kılıç T, Gören AC, Dirmenci T, Alim Toraman GÖ, Topçu G | Pharm Biol | 22-Nov-2023 |
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| Screening for antibacterial activity of some Turkish plants against fish pathogens: a possible alternative in the treatment of bacterial infections | Turker H, Yıldırım AB | Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip | 17-Feb-2015 |
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| Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on Sideritis taurica Stephan ex Wild. | Aboutabl EA, Nassar MI, Elsakhawy FM, Maklad YA, Osman AF, El-Khrisy EA | J Ethnopharmacol | 01-Oct-2002 |
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| A diterpene, distanol, from Sideritis distans | Pietro Venturella, Aurora Bellino, Marialuisa Marino | Elsevier BV | 25-Jul-2002 |
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |