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Gardenia imperialis

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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64403cb74faca221468416
Scientific name Gardenia imperialis
Authority K.Schum.
First published in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 442 (1896)

Description Top

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Gardenia imperialis is a tree found in Tropical Africa, typically in swamp savannahs or forests. It can reach up to 18 meters in height and has a greyish trunk. The leaves are large and obovate in shape, with a velvety underside and ant's nesting cavities around the midrib. The flowers are white and have a fragrant scent, with a narrow funnel shape and pinkish outer surface. The fruit is reddish-brown and ovoid or ellipsoid in shape. This species is found in Senegal, Uganda, and Zimbabwe, growing near streams, lakes, and in swamp forests. Chemical analysis of the root bark has identified two triterpenoid compounds.

Synonyms Top

No known synonyms.

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Arabic غاردينيا سلطانية
Arabic غردينية سلطانية

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Gardenia imperialis subsp. imperialis Unknown
Gardenia imperialis subsp. physophylla (K.Schum.) L.Pauwels Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 118: 114 (1985)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Malawi
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Burkina
      • Gambia
      • Ghana
      • Guinea
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Mali
      • Nigeria
      • Senegal
      • Sierra Leone
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Congo
      • Equatorial Guinea
      • Gabon
      • Zaïre

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000970962
Tropicos 27908042
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:751061-1
The Plant List kew-88258
Open Tree Of Life 1071279
NCBI Taxonomy 339298
IUCN Red List 146198230
IPNI 751061-1
iNaturalist 715890
GBIF 5335157
EOL 1102856
Wikipedia Gardenia_imperialis
CMAUP NPO25065

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Airborne pollen and fungal spores in Garki, Abuja (North-Central Nigeria) Ezike DN, Nnamani CV, Ogundipe OT, Adekanmbi OH Aerobiologia (Bologna) 20-May-2016
PMCID:PMC5106507
doi:10.1007/s10453-016-9443-5
PMID:27890967
Triterpenoid constituents fromGardenia imperialis Babady-Bila, Kulio Rovat Tandu Springer Science and Business Media LLC 11-Dec-2004
doi:10.1007/BF00811292

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives
1-Phenyl-5-heptene-1,3-diyne 5281154 Click to see CC=CC#CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 166.22 unknown via CMAUP database
Phenylethyl Alcohol 6054 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCO 122.16 unknown via CMAUP database
Phenylheptatriyne 77981 Click to see CC#CC#CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 164.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
2-Butoxyethyl oleate 6436064 Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC 382.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R)-1-hydroxytrideca-5,7,9,11-tetrayn-2-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol 54671425 Click to see CC#CC#CC#CC#CCCC(CO)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O 362.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
(2e)-7-Phenylhepta-2-en-4,6-diyn-1-yl acetate 23274467 Click to see CC(=O)OCC=CC#CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 224.25 unknown via CMAUP database
7-Phenylhepta-2,4,6-triynyl acetate 11644243 Click to see CC(=O)OCC#CC#CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 222.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
(2R)-7-phenylhepta-4,6-diyne-1,2-diol 101808987 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C#CC#CCC(CO)O 200.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(S)-7-Phenyl-4,6-heptadiyne-2-ol 101395939 Click to see CC(CC#CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1)O 184.23 unknown via CMAUP database
7-Phenyl-2,4,6-heptatriyn-1-ol 3085176 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C#CC#CC#CCO 180.20 unknown via CMAUP database
7-Phenylhept-2-en-4,6-diyn-1-ol 114662 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C#CC#CC=CCO 182.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
2-Butoxyethyl linoleate 87553426 Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC 380.60 unknown via CMAUP database
2-Butoxyethyl linolenate 87552578 Click to see CCCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCC 378.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Ethyl Linoleate 5282184 Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Ethyl linolenate 5367460 Click to see CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC 306.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Linoleic Acid 5280450 Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 280.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Linolenic Acid 5280934 Click to see CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 278.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl linolenate 5319706 Click to see CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC 292.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
Rrr-alpha-tocopherylquinone 46183941 Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C(=C(C1=O)C)CCC(C)(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)O)C 446.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids
(E,7S,11S)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enoic acid 42433537 Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CC(=O)O)C 310.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enyl] heptanoate 101918983 Click to see CCCCCCC(=O)OCC=C(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C 408.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Rel-(7S,11S,E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol 40467768 Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C 296.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol 21594101 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811292
(4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl) acetate 345510 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CC=C4C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C 468.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811292
beta-Amyrin acetate 92156 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CC=C4C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C 468.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811292
Olean-12-en-3beta-ol 225689 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811292
Squalene 638072 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C 410.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
alpha-Spinasterin 5281331 Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Schottenol 441837 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
Butanedioate;hydron 21952380 Click to see [H+].[H+].C(CC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] 118.09 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
(1R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-bis[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,5-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 460890 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O 516.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-Bis[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,5-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 153946 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O 516.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 6474309 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O 516.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(E)-3-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoic acid 15071011 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)C=CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O 472.40 unknown via CMAUP database
4-[[2-O-Acetyl-6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]benzeneacrylic acid 15071014 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C(OC1OC2=CC=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)O)COC(=O)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)O 514.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aryl ketones / Aryl alkyl ketones
2-Acetylthiophene 6920 Click to see CC(=O)C1=CC=CS1 126.18 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Thiophenes / 2,5-disubstituted thiophenes
5-(Phenylethynyl)thiophene-2-methanol 2822242 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C#CC2=CC=C(S2)CO 214.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Aurone flavonoids
(Z)-7-[[beta-D-Glucopyranosyl]oxy]-3',4',6-trihydroxyaurone 15071008 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=C2C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, ethyl ester 66883 Click to see CCOC(=O)C=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O 208.21 unknown via CMAUP database
Ethyl caffeate 5317238 Click to see CCOC(=O)C=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O 208.21 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin 5280443 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 270.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin 5280445 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4-diacetyloxy-6-[4-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-5-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate 14861259 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C(=C(C=C2)C(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C 576.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[4-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate 14213555 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C(=C(C=C2)C(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 492.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2,3-Dihydroxy-4-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acryloyl]phenyl 4-O,6-O-diacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside 10840030 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C(=C(C=C2)C(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C 534.50 unknown via CMAUP database
3',4'-Di(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2',3,4-trihydroxychalcone 102149400 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O 612.50 unknown via CMAUP database
4'-[(6-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2',3,3',4-tetrahydroxychalcone 14213552 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 612.50 unknown via CMAUP database
chrysosplenosid-C 118856019 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)OC)O 522.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Marein 6441269 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 450.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Aurone O-glycosides
(2Z)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxybenzylidene)-6-[(4-O,6-O-diacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-7-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one 101669623 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C3=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C 532.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(Z)-6-[[6-O-[3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-3',4',7-trihydroxyaurone 15071009 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(C4=C(C=C3)C(=O)C(=CC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O4)O)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4-diacetyloxy-6-[[(2Z)-2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-7-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-benzofuran-6-yl]oxy]-5-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate 10603216 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C3=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O3)O)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C 574.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[[(2Z)-2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-7-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-benzofuran-6-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate 15071010 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C3=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O3)O)O)O)O 490.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(alphaZ)-3,4-Dihydroxybenzylidene]-6-(2-O,4-O,6-O-triacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-7-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one 10674637 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C3=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O3)O)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C 574.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Rutin 5280805 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
3,3'-Dimethoxy-4',5-dihydroxy-7-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)flavone 13344657 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)OC)O 492.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromen-4-one 5495545 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=C(C4=O)OC)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)OC)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 638.60 unknown via CMAUP database
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 102316697 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=C(C4=O)OC)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 638.60 unknown via CMAUP database
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 11577257 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)OC)O 522.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Axillaroside 101243893 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C(=C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O 508.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Centaurein 5489090 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)OC)O 522.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Jaceidin 5464461 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
Okanin 5281294 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O)O 288.25 unknown via CMAUP database

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