Ellagic Acid

Details

• Internal ID: da6c27ef-4f9c-4c3c-941b-79e898ad10bc
• Taxonomy: Phenylpropanoids and polyketides > Tannins > Hydrolyzable tannins
• IUPAC Name: 6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione
• SMILES (Canonical): C1=C2C3=C(C(=C1O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O
• SMILES (Isomeric): C1=C2C3=C(C(=C1O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O
• InChI: InChI=1S/C14H6O8/c15-5-1-3-7-8-4(14(20)22-11(7)9(5)17)2-6(16)10(18)12(8)21-13(3)19/h1-2,15-18H
• InChI Key: AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Popularity: 5,938 references in papers

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₆O₈
• Molecular Weight: 302.19 g/mol
• Exact Mass: 302.00626715 g/mol
• Topological Polar Surface Area (TPSA): 134.00 Ų
• XlogP: 1.10
• Atomic LogP (AlogP): 1.31
• H-Bond Acceptor: 8
• H-Bond Donor: 4
• Rotatable Bonds: 0

Synonyms

• 476-66-4
• Benzoaric acid
• Elagostasine
• Lagistase
• Eleagic acid
• Alizarine Yellow
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxychromeno[5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione
• Gallogen
• Llagic acid
• Acido elagico
• Acidum ellagicum
• Ellagicacid
• Acide ellagique
• Gallogen (astringent)
• C.I. 55005
• C.I. 75270
• Gallogen (VAN)
• CCRIS 774
• Ellagsaeure
• Ellagate
• C14H6O8
• Pomegranate juice
• Ellagic acid [INN:DCF]
• UNII-19YRN3ZS9P
• EINECS 207-508-3
• 19YRN3ZS9P
• NSC407286
• Acido elagico [INN-Spanish]
• Gallogen, astringent
• NSC 407286
• NSC 656272
• NSC-407286
• NSC-656272
• Acide ellagique [INN-French]
• Acidum ellagicum [INN-Latin]
• BRN 0047549
• CHEBI:4775
• MLS000069632
• DTXSID2020557
• HSDB 7574
• NSC656272
• 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxydiphenic acid 2,6,2',6'-dilactone
• CHEMBL6246
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy(1)benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)benzopyran-5,10-dione
• SMR000058244
• DTXCID60557
• Diphenic acid, 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-delta-lactone
• 5-19-07-00108 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
• (1)Benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)benzopyran-5,10-dione, 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy(1)benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)-(1)benzopyran-5,10-dione
• tetrahydroxy[?]dione
• NCGC00017245-02
• 6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione
• Acide ellagique (INN-French)
• Acid, Benzoaric
• [1]Benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione, 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-
• 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy[1]benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione
• Acid, Ellagic
• CAS-476-66-4
• SR-01000721925
• Benzoarate
• Eleagate
• Ellagic
• Llagate
• 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxychromeno(5,4,3-cde)chromene-5,10-dione
• ellagic-acid
• Elleagic acid
• Elagic Acid
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy(1)-benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)benzopyran-5,10-dione
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy[1]-benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione
• 2zjw
• REF
• MFCD00006914
• Ellagic acid, 96%
• Spectrum_001194
• Spectrum2_000905
• Spectrum3_001535
• Spectrum4_000750
• Spectrum5_000959
• Ellagic acid [DCF:INN]
• D0A1CM
• ELLAGIC ACID [MI]
• ELLAGIC ACID [INN]
• ELLAGIC ACID [HSDB]
• ELLAGIC ACID [INCI]
• Oprea1_032884
• SCHEMBL20429
• BSPBio_002950
• KBioGR_001080
• KBioSS_001674
• MLS006011868
• BIDD:ER0482
• BIDD:GT0565
• SPECTRUM1502245
• SPBio_000750
• ELLAGIC ACID [WHO-DD]
• BDBM4078
• LTK-20
• SCHEMBL19184504
• BCBcMAP01_000154
• cid_5281855
• KBio2_001674
• KBio2_004242
• KBio2_006810
• KBio3_002450
• Ellagic acid, analytical standard
• HMS1921N20
• HMS3673M09
• Pharmakon1600-01502245
• BCP10830
• HY-B0183
• TNP00132
• Tox21_110805
• BBL009292
• C14-H6-O8
• CCG-36358
• NSC758198
• s1327
• STK801964
• Ellagic acid, >=96.0% (HPCE)
• AKOS004120045
• Tox21_110805_1
• CS-2067
• DB08846
• LS-1285
• NSC-758198
• SDCCGMLS-0066664.P001
• SMP1_000111
• NCGC00017245-01
• NCGC00017245-03
• NCGC00017245-04
• NCGC00017245-05
• NCGC00017245-06
• NCGC00017245-07
• NCGC00017245-08
• NCGC00017245-09
• NCGC00017245-10
• NCGC00017245-12
• NCGC00094975-01
• NCGC00094975-02
• NCGC00094975-03
• NCGC00094975-04
• NCGC00178375-01
• AC-11647
• AC-30710
• AS-35095
• CI 55005
• CI 75270
• NCI60_003869
• SBI-0051742.P002
• E0375
• Ellagic Acid, Dihydrate - CAS 476-66-4
• FT-0603405
• MLS-0066664.0001
• AB00052292_11
• AB00052292_12
• EN300-6472707
• A872094
• Q422044
• SR-01000721925-3
• SR-01000721925-4
• SR-01000721925-5
• SR-01000721925-6
• SR-01000721925-7
• W-202834
• BRD-K30466858-001-05-4
• Ellagic acid, primary pharmaceutical reference standard
• Diphenic acid,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-.delta.-lactone
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxychromeno[5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione #
• 4,4',5,5',6,6'-Hexahydrodiphenic acid 2,6,2',6'-dilactone
• Diphenic acid, 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-.delta.-lactone
• [1]Benzopyrano[5,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione, 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy(1)benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)-benzopyran-5,10-dione
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy-[1]benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione
• 2,3,7,8-TETRAHYDROXY-CHROMENO[5,4,3-CDE]CHROMENE-5,10-DIONE
• 2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy[1]benzopyrano-[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione
• (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-delta-lactone
• [1,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-.delta.-lactone
• (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-, di-.delta.-lactone
• 122328-15-8
• 6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(14),4(16),5,7,11(15),12-hexaene-3,10-dione
• 6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(15),4(16),5,7,11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione
• 6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione

2D Structure

ADMET Properties (via admetSAR 2)

Target	Value	Probability (raw)	Probability (%)
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.8113	81.13%
Caco-2	-	0.8901	89.01%
Blood Brain Barrier	-	0.8250	82.50%
Human oral bioavailability	+	0.6714	67.14%
Subcellular localzation	Mitochondria	0.7339	73.39%
OATP2B1 inhibitior	-	0.6743	67.43%
OATP1B1 inhibitior	+	0.9414	94.14%
OATP1B3 inhibitior	+	0.9847	98.47%
MATE1 inhibitior	-	0.8400	84.00%
OCT2 inhibitior	-	0.9250	92.50%
BSEP inhibitior	-	0.9372	93.72%
P-glycoprotein inhibitior	-	0.9413	94.13%
P-glycoprotein substrate	-	0.9733	97.33%
CYP3A4 substrate	-	0.6911	69.11%
CYP2C9 substrate	-	0.8283	82.83%
CYP2D6 substrate	-	0.8434	84.34%
CYP3A4 inhibition	-	0.9078	90.78%
CYP2C9 inhibition	-	0.5591	55.91%
CYP2C19 inhibition	-	0.8017	80.17%
CYP2D6 inhibition	-	0.9575	95.75%
CYP1A2 inhibition	-	0.5914	59.14%
CYP2C8 inhibition	-	0.9155	91.55%
CYP inhibitory promiscuity	-	0.9568	95.68%
UGT catelyzed	+	0.6000	60.00%
Carcinogenicity (binary)	-	1.0000	100.00%
Carcinogenicity (trinary)	Non-required	0.6954	69.54%
Eye corrosion	-	0.9891	98.91%
Eye irritation	+	0.9491	94.91%
Skin irritation	+	0.5543	55.43%
Skin corrosion	-	0.9457	94.57%
Ames mutagenesis	-	0.5564	55.64%
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene inhibition	-	0.8048	80.48%
Micronuclear	+	0.9200	92.00%
Hepatotoxicity	+	0.6948	69.48%
skin sensitisation	-	0.8054	80.54%
Respiratory toxicity	+	0.5889	58.89%
Reproductive toxicity	+	0.6333	63.33%
Mitochondrial toxicity	+	0.7500	75.00%
Nephrotoxicity	-	0.8449	84.49%
Acute Oral Toxicity (c)	II	0.6020	60.20%
Estrogen receptor binding	-	0.5951	59.51%
Androgen receptor binding	+	0.7235	72.35%
Thyroid receptor binding	-	0.7062	70.62%
Glucocorticoid receptor binding	+	0.8374	83.74%
Aromatase binding	+	0.5259	52.59%
PPAR gamma	+	0.7337	73.37%
Honey bee toxicity	-	0.9402	94.02%
Biodegradation	-	0.8250	82.50%
Crustacea aquatic toxicity	-	0.5300	53.00%
Fish aquatic toxicity	+	0.9531	95.31%

Targets

Proven Targets:

CHEMBL ID	UniProt ID	Name	Min activity	Assay type	Source
CHEMBL1293255	P15428	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+]	891.3 nM; 891.3 nM; 125.9 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1900	P15121	Aldose reductase	200 nM; 200 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22261024; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL2903	P16050	Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	5011.9 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293236	P46063	ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1	125.9 nM; 562.3 nM; 223.9 nM; 125.9 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL4822	P56817	Beta-secretase 1	3900 nM	IC50	PMID: 24835197
CHEMBL1293237	P54132	Bloom syndrome protein	1122 nM; 1995.3 nM	Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP
CHEMBL261	P00915	Carbonic anhydrase I	2320 nM; 68200 nM	Ki; Ki	PMID: 20185318; PMID: 22892213
CHEMBL205	P00918	Carbonic anhydrase II	2180 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL2885	P07451	Carbonic anhydrase III	10500 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL3729	P22748	Carbonic anhydrase IV	9080 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL3594	Q16790	Carbonic anhydrase IX	9370 nM; 79800 nM	Ki; Ki	PMID: 20185318; PMID: 22892213
CHEMBL4789	P35218	Carbonic anhydrase VA	7590 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL3969	Q9Y2D0	Carbonic anhydrase VB	12700 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL3025	P23280	Carbonic anhydrase VI	7060 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL2326	P43166	Carbonic anhydrase VII	6320 nM; 8790 nM	Ki; Ki	PMID: 20185318; PMID: 22892213
CHEMBL3242	O43570	Carbonic anhydrase XII	10100 nM; 8150 nM	Ki; Ki	PMID: 20185318; PMID: 22892213
CHEMBL3912	Q8N1Q1	Carbonic anhydrase XIII	4240 nM	Ki	PMID: 22892213
CHEMBL3510	Q9ULX7	Carbonic anhydrase XIV	8910 nM	Ki	PMID: 20185318
CHEMBL3629	P68400	Casein kinase II alpha	40 nM; 20 nM	IC50; Ki	PMID: 19414254; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL4096	P04637	Cellular tumor antigen p53	31622.8 nM; 12589.3 nM	Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP
CHEMBL3622	P33261	Cytochrome P450 2C19	31622.8 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL3397	P11712	Cytochrome P450 2C9	39810.7 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL2392	P06746	DNA polymerase beta	158.5 nM; 158.5 nM	Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL5619	P27695	DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase	14.1 nM; 14.1 nM	Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL2635	P51452	Dual specificity protein phosphatase 3	< 1230 nM; < 980 nM; 980 nM	IC50; IC50; IC50	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL4105924	Q14576	ELAV-like protein 3	600 nM	IC50	via Super-PRED
CHEMBL4159	Q99714	Endoplasmic reticulum-associated amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein	3162.3 nM; 1584.9 nM; 251.2 nM; 251.2 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL5147	P54760	Ephrin type-B receptor 4	1830 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL203	P00533	Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1	690 nM; 690 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL2409	P34913	Epoxide hydratase	20700 nM	IC50	PMID: 24679441
CHEMBL2695	Q05397	Focal adhesion kinase 1	3110 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL1293267	Q9HC97	G-protein coupled receptor 35	100 nM; 100 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 24900447; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL262	P49841	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta	7500 nM	IC50	PMID: 16610779
CHEMBL5460	P0DMV8	Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1	760 nM	IC50	via CMAUP
CHEMBL4331	P68871	Hemoglobin beta chain	10000 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL3717	P08581	Hepatocyte growth factor receptor	580 nM; 580 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1293299	Q03164	Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL	11220.2 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL1981	P06213	Insulin receptor	340 nM; 340 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1957	P08069	Insulin-like growth factor I receptor	250 nM; 250 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1293226	B2RXH2	Lysine-specific demethylase 4D-like	7079.5 nM; 794.3 nM; 2511.9 nM; 794.3 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL2608	P10253	Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase	4466.8 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL4040	P28482	MAP kinase ERK2	19952.6 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL1293224	P10636	Microtubule-associated protein tau	19952.6 nM; 15848.9 nM; 31622.8 nM; 12589.3 nM; 14125.4 nM; 22387.2 nM; 39810.7 nM; 35481.3 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP
CHEMBL4899	P41279	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8	2370 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL1293258	P84022	Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3	142 nM; 142 nM	IC50; IC50	via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL5784	O60285	NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1	510 nM; 510 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1913	P09619	Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta	1300 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL1293235	P02545	Prelamin-A/C	3981.1 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL1824	P04626	Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-2	3540 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL3797	Q13315	Serine-protein kinase ATM	19952.6 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL4282	P31749	Serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT	3340 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL4722	O14965	Serine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-A	2480 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL2185	Q96GD4	Serine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-B	2500 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL5145	P15056	Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf	1760 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL3024	P53350	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1	3340 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL3788	O00444	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK4	2970 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675
CHEMBL1641347	Q4U2R8	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	270 nM	IC50	PMID: 15870380
CHEMBL1947	P10828	Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	39810.7 nM; 25118.9 nM	Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP
CHEMBL267	P12931	Tyrosine-protein kinase SRC	300 nM; 800 nM; 800 nM	IC50; IC50; IC50	PMID: 7518523; PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL4128	Q02763	Tyrosine-protein kinase TIE-2	260 nM; 260 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1075138	Q9NUW8	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	70.8 nM; 50.1 nM; 100 nM; 50.1 nM	Potency; Potency; Potency; Potency	via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via CMAUP; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1293227	O75604	Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2	1122 nM	Potency	via CMAUP
CHEMBL279	P35968	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2	790 nM; 790 nM	IC50; IC50	PMID: 22377675; via Super-PRED
CHEMBL1955	P35916	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3	1540 nM	IC50	PMID: 22377675

Predicted Targets (via Super-PRED):

CHEMBL ID	UniProt ID	Name	Probability	Model accuracy
CHEMBL3108638	O15164	Transcription intermediary factor 1-alpha	90.27%	95.56%
CHEMBL1951	P21397	Monoamine oxidase A	90.09%	91.49%
CHEMBL1806	P11388	DNA topoisomerase II alpha	89.73%	89.00%
CHEMBL1163101	O75460	Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1	85.75%	98.11%
CHEMBL3194	P02766	Transthyretin	85.72%	90.71%
CHEMBL1860	P10827	Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	83.24%	99.15%
CHEMBL3401	O75469	Pregnane X receptor	82.94%	94.73%
CHEMBL4203	Q9HAZ1	Dual specificity protein kinase CLK4	82.77%	94.45%
CHEMBL3038477	P67870	Casein kinase II alpha/beta	80.68%	99.23%
CHEMBL2581	P07339	Cathepsin D	80.21%	98.95%

Plants that contains it

• Acaena magellanica
• Acer buergerianum
• Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala
• Achillea clypeolata
• Acicarpha tribuloides
• Aconitum palmatum
• Aconitum rotundifolium
• Actiniopteris australis
• Actiniopteris radiata
• Aframomum daniellii
• Aframomum limbatum
• Aglaia elaeagnoidea
• Aglaia laxiflora
• Agrimonia eupatoria
• Agrimonia pilosa
• Albertisia papuana
• Alchornea cordifolia
• Alchornea laxiflora
• Alnus sieboldiana
• Alyxia reinwardtii
• Andrographis paniculata
• Angelica pubescens
• Aniba rosaeodora
• Arctostaphylos columbiana
• Ariocarpus fissuratus
• Aristolochia littoralis
• Aristolochia zollingeriana
• Aronia arbutifolia
• Artemisia biennis
• Artemisia carvifolia
• Astragalus asper
• Astragalus gummifer
• Atalantia wightii
• Athanasia crithmifolia
• Atractylodes macrocephala
• Aulacomnium androgynum
• Backhousia angustifolia
• Balanophora involucrata
• Balanophora japonica
• Baphia pubescens
• Bartramia pomiformis
• Beilschmiedia anacardioides
• Berberis julianae
• Betula pubescens
• Bidens tripartita
• Bobgunnia madagascariensis
• Brassica oleracea
• Bridelia ferruginea
• Bussea sakalava
• Bystropogon origanifolius
• Callicarpa maingayi
• Calodendrum capense
• Canarium album
• Canarium album
• Cardamine heptaphylla
• Cardiospermum halicacabum
• Carpesium faberi
• Carpinus betulus
• Caryocar microcarpum
• Caryocar villosum
• Casimiroa tetrameria
• Castanea sativa
• Castanopsis fissa
• Casuarina cunninghamiana
• Cedrus libani
• Centaurea linifolia
• Centaurea nigrescens
• Centella asiatica
• Cephalaria kotschyi
• Cephalaria uralensis
• Cerbera odollam
• Cerinthe minor
• Changium smyrnioides
• Cheirolophus arbutifolius
• Cirsium japonicum
• Clematicissus simsiana
• Clematis hexapetala
• Clibadium sodiroi
• Clusia multiflora
• Cneoridium dumosum
• Cneorum pulverulentum
• Cochlospermum tinctorium
• Codiaeum variegatum
• Codonocarpus attenuatus
• Codonopsis cordifolioidea
• Colchicum speciosum
• Combretum griffithii var. yunnanense
• Combretum indicum
• Commiphora mukul
• Coreopsis fasciculata
• Coriandrum sativum
• Cornus capitata
• Corydalis persica
• Corydalis sewerzowi
• Corymbia citriodora
• Corynanthe pachyceras
• Cosmos pringlei
• Cota tinctoria
• Couroupita subsessilis
• Craspidospermum verticillatum
• Crataegus monogyna
• Crateva magna
• Crepis foetida
• Crinum viviparum
• Crotalaria aegyptiaca
• Croton caudatus
• Culcitium albifolium
• Cunonia macrophylla
• Cuphea carthagenensis
• Cupressus pendula
• Cynoglossum amabile
• Dahlstedtia araripensis
• Dahlstedtia pentaphylla
• Daphnopsis macrophylla
• Dasiphora fruticosa
• Davallia divaricata
• Derris trifoliata
• Dicoma capensis
• Digitalis isabelliana
• Dimocarpus longan
• Dionaea muscipula
• Dioscorea althaeoides
• Dioscorea japonica
• Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii
• Diospyros ebenum
• Diospyros lotus
• Diospyros verrucosa
• Discaria serratifolia
• Dorstenia lindeniana
• Drimia maritima
• Echium pininana
• Ehretia dicksonii
• Ekebergia capensis
• Elaeocarpus fuscoides
• Eleutherococcus senticosus
• Engelhardia serrata
• Epilobium hirsutum
• Epilobium roseum
• Ericameria parryi
• Erigeron canadensis
• Erodium cicutarium
• Erodium stephanianum
• Erythrina sacleuxii
• Eschweilera coriacea
• Eucalyptus camaldulensis
• Eucalyptus globulus
• Eucalyptus nitens
• Euonymus nanoides
• Euphorbia chamaesyce
• Euphorbia ferganensis
• Euphorbia glareosa
• Euphorbia granulata
• Euphorbia hirta
• Euphorbia humifusa
• Euphorbia iberica
• Euphorbia maculata
• Euphorbia oblongifolia
• Euphorbia pekinensis
• Euphorbia segetalis
• Euphorbia turczaninowii
• Ficus salicifolia
• Flemingia prostrata
• Flueggea virosa
• Fragaria × ananassa
• Fragaria chiloensis
• Galphimia glauca
• Garcinia celebica
• Gardneria nutans
• Genista sessilifolia
• Gentiana crassa subsp. rigescens
• Gentiana manshurica
• Gentiana scabra
• Geranium carolinianum
• Geranium collinum
• Geranium pratense
• Geranium pusillum
• Geranium robertianum
• Geranium saxatile
• Geranium sibiricum
• Geranium sylvaticum
• Geranium thunbergii
• Geranium wilfordii
• Glycosmis pseudoracemosa
• Glycyrrhiza lepidota
• Gomphostemma parviflorum
• Haematoxylum campechianum
• Haplophyllum ferganicum
• Hasteola robusta
• Heliomeris multiflora
• Hippobroma longiflora
• Hippophae rhamnoides
• Hirtellina fruticosa
• Hypericum ascyron
• Hypericum japonicum
• Hypoestes purpurea
• Ilex hainanensis
• Iphiona grantioides
• Ipomoea batatas
• Ixeris stolonifera
• Jacobaea adonidifolia
• Jacobaea renardii
• Jacobaea subalpina
• Juglans ailantifolia
• Juglans regia
• Juglans sigillata
• Juniperus horizontalis
• Khaya ivorensis
• Khaya senegalensis
• Koelreuteria paniculata
• Kunzea ambigua
• Lafoensia glyptocarpa
• Lagerstroemia indica
• Lagerstroemia speciosa
• Laguncularia racemosa
• Larix gmelinii var. gmelinii
• Lasiosiphon kraussianus
• Lathyrus tingitanus
• Leuzea centauroides
• Ligularia dentata
• Limonium axillare
• Limonium gmelinii
• Lonchocarpus parviflorus
• Lotus japonicus
• Lupinus verbasciformis
• Lythrum salicaria
• Macaranga barteri
• Macaranga tanarius
• Machilus glaucescens
• Magnolia sprengeri
• Mallotus japonicus
• Mangifera indica
• Meconopsis horridula
• Melaleuca ericifolia
• Melaleuca leucadendra
• Melaleuca quinquenervia
• Melaleuca rhaphiophylla
• Melaleuca squarrosa
• Melicope durifolia
• Miconia myriantha
• Microtropis fokienensis
• Miliusa sinensis
• Morinda morindoides
• Morus alba
• Morus cathayana
• Morus rubra
• Murraya exotica
• Murraya paniculata
• Myrcia neoglabra
• Myrciaria dubia
• Myrtus communis
• Nepeta multifida
• Nephelium lappaceum
• Nymphaea alba
• Oenothera speciosa
• Onoseris alata
• Osbeckia chinensis
• Osteophloeum platyspermum
• Oxera splendida
• Ozoroa insignis
• Parastrephia lepidophylla
• Penstemon secundiflorus
• Persicaria bistorta
• Petrosedum pruinatum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phedimus kamtschaticus
• Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis
• Phyllanthus emblica
• Phyllanthus niruri
• Phyllanthus urinaria
• Phytolacca acinosa
• Piper acutifolium
• Piper arboreum
• Platycarya strobilacea
• Plectranthus caninus
• Pleogyne australis
• Plinia cauliflora
• Polygala amara
• Populus angustifolia
• Portulaca oleracea
• Potentilla chrysantha
• Potentilla erecta
• Pouzolzia occidentalis
• Psidium guajava
• Psilotum nudum
• Pteris dactylina
• Punica granatum
• Purshia mexicana
• Pyrola decorata
• Pyrostegia venusta
• Quercus coccifera
• Quercus ilex
• Quercus infectoria
• Quercus petraea subsp. petraea
• Quercus pyrenaica
• Quercus robur
• Quercus serrata
• Quercus suber
• Rauvolfia salicifolia
• Reaumuria vermiculata
• Rhabdodendron amazonicum
• Rhodiola crenulata
• Rhododendron dauricum
• Ribes nigrum
• Rosa chinensis
• Rosa laevigata
• Rosa platyacantha
• Rosa rugosa
• Rostellularia hayatae
• Rubus adenotrichus
• Rubus allegheniensis
• Rubus chamaemorus
• Rubus chingii
• Rubus coreanus
• Rubus idaeus
• Rubus saxatilis
• Rubus ursinus
• Ruta microcarpa
• Salvia abrotanoides
• Sanguisorba minor
• Santiria trimera
• Sasa senanensis
• Scopolia carniolica
• Selinum carvifolium
• Senecio vernalis
• Senegalia pennata
• Senna siamea
• Sextonia rubra
• Sidastrum multiflorum
• Sideritis nutans
• Silene viscaria
• Siphoneugena densiflora
• Sonchus ortunoi
• Staphylea arguta
• Stenomesson miniatum
• Stephania sutchuenensis
• Stereospermum acuminatissimum
• Stevia eupatoria
• Strychnos spinosa
• Styrax ferrugineus
• Swertia japonica
• Syncarpia glomulifera
• Syncolostemon parviflorus
• Syzygium aromaticum
• Syzygium cumini
• Syzygium grande
• Syzygium gustavioides
• Syzygium jambos
• Tamarix aphylla
• Tamarix chinensis
• Tamarix pakistanica
• Tanacetum parthenium
• Taraxacum bicorne
• Tectaria subtriphylla
• Terminalia arjuna
• Terminalia bellirica
• Terminalia brassii
• Terminalia catappa
• Terminalia chebula
• Terminalia elliptica
• Terminalia ivorensis
• Terminalia myriocarpa
• Terminalia pallida
• Terminalia superba
• Tetradium glabrifolium
• Tetraneuris acaulis
• Thuja plicata
• Thymus vulgaris
• Trapa natans var. bicornis
• Trattinnickia glaziovii
• Triadica sebifera
• Triaenophora rupestris
• Triglochin maritima
• Uncaria guianensis
• Unonopsis glaucopetala
• Urtica triangularis
• Vaccinium macrocarpon
• Vaccinium myrtillus
• Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana
• Valeriana fedtschenkoi
• Vellozia candida
• Vellozia streptophylla
• Vicia lens
• Vincetoxicum hirundinaria
• Viola arvensis
• Virola multinervia
• Vitellaria paradoxa
• Vitex pinnata
• Vitis rotundifolia
• Vitis vinifera
• Woodfordia fruticosa
• Xylopia brasiliensis
• Xyris indica
• Zanthoxylum schreberi
• Zieria smithii
• Ziziphus jujuba

Cross-Links

• PubChem: 5281855
• NPASS: NPC178134
• ChEMBL: CHEMBL6246
• LOTUS: LTS0037297
• wikiData: Q422044