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Aristolochia zollingeriana

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400ab8947ab047685051
Scientific name Aristolochia zollingeriana
Authority Miq.
First published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 1066 (1858)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among Hakka communities in Taiwan, leaves of Aristolochia zollingeriana are brewed as a tea to ease stomach discomfort, while decoctions of the stem are taken for fever and as an anthelmintic (Medicinal Plants of China; Bensky and Gamble, 1986). Mainland Chinese materia medica record the use of the whole plant in the preparation of “bitter medicinal” decoctions for abdominal pain and snakebite, with external poultices applied to the bite site (Han, 2005; Tang and Eisenbrand, 1992). In Malaysia, the plant (known locally as mengkudrong) is traditionally prepared as a strong, bitter decoction of leaves and stems used internally for colic and externally as a poultice to treat skin inflammation, including that caused by snake venom (Ong and Nordiana, 1999; 1998).

One practical method is a traditional “bitter medicinal” decoction: place about 15 g of dried aerial parts (leaves and stems) in 600 ml of water, bring to a boil, then simmer for 20 minutes and strain. The dose is typically a small cup taken twice daily, with the course limited to a few days due to toxicity concerns. A 1:5 ethanol tincture (40–50% alcohol) can also be made using 100 g dried aerial material macerated in 500 ml alcohol for 3–4 weeks, shaking daily, then filtering; 1–2 ml taken twice daily for a short course is common in practice. Important: Aristolochia species contain aristolochic acids associated with kidney injury and carcinogenicity; avoid internal use, do not exceed short-term doses, and keep away from children and during pregnancy (Medicinal Plants of China; Han, 2005). In malarial regions, a stronger decoction with stem pieces may be used as an antifebrile remedy, and fresh leaves crushed into a poultice are applied to localized swellings (Han, 2005; Tang and Eisenbrand, 1992).

Well-established constituents include aristolochic acids (especially aristolochic acid I) and related nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acids, magnoflorine, and other aporphine alkaloids that are typically responsible for the bitter, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial effects reported in traditional practice (Zhou and Wang, 2006). While modern chemistry and limited pharmacology have documented antibacterial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria, the accepted scientific consensus is that any potential therapeutic benefit is outweighed by toxicity risk.

Today the plant is largely avoided in regulated pharmacopoeias due to the association with aristolochic acids, yet it remains of interest in phytochemistry; commercial products are rare, and many modern herbalists opt for safer alternatives while acknowledging its historical role in East and Southeast Asian folk medicine (Zhou and Wang, 2006; Han, 2005).

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Aristolochia hastata Klotzsch Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 597.
Aristolochia kankauensis Sasaki Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 21: 251 (1931)
Aristolochia tagala var. kankaoensis (Sasaki) T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 50: 341 (1975)
Aristolochia roxburghiana subsp. kankauensis (Sasaki) Kitam. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 20: 135 1962
Hocquartia kankauensis (Sasaki) Nakai ex Masam. List Vasc. Pl. Taiwan 49 1954
Aristolochia ramosii Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 29: 478 (1926)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Japanese コウシュンウマノスズクサ
szy nipaluma-kalitubah, kalitobah
Chinese 港口馬兜鈴
Chinese 港口马兜铃

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indo-China
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Jawa
      • Philippines
      • Sumatera

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000548485
Tropicos 2500397
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:93453-1
The Plant List kew-2652035
Open Tree Of Life 493963
NCBI Taxonomy 171878
IPNI 93453-1
iNaturalist 709005
GBIF 5836315
Tropicos 100292292
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:93271-1
The Plant List kew-2651824
IPNI 93271-1
GBIF 3589822
CMAUP NPO14200

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ Bot Stud 24-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9509506
doi:10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:36153445
Systematic Overview of Aristolochic Acids: Nephrotoxicity, Carcinogenicity, and Underlying Mechanisms Han J, Xian Z, Zhang Y, Liu J, Liang A Front Pharmacol 11-Jun-2019
PMCID:PMC6580798
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00648
PMID:31244661
Sodium Aristolochates from the Flowers and Fruits of <i>Aristolochia zollingeriana</i> Chia‐Yu Chiang, Yann‐Lii Leu, Yu‐Yi Chan, Tian‐Shung Wu Wiley 01-May-2015
doi:10.1002/JCCS.199800016
The cultural and ecological impacts of aboriginal tourism: a case study on Taiwan’s Tao tribe Liu TM, Lu DJ Springerplus 08-Jul-2014
PMCID:PMC4117854
doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-347
PMID:25089246
Aristolochic acids, aristolactam alkaloids and amides from Aristolochia kankauensis. Wu TS, Ou LF, Teng CM Phytochemistry 01-Jul-1994
doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
PMID:7765207

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines
Cepharadione A 94577 Click to see 305.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aristolactams
14-Hydroxy-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-3,5-dioxa-10-azapentacyclo[9.7.1.02,6.08,19.013,18]nonadeca-1(18),2(6),7,11(19),12,14,16-heptaen-9-one 162999108 Click to see 441.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
6-Hexopyranosyl-8-methoxy-2H-(1,3)benzodioxolo(6,5,4-cd)benzo(f)indol-5(6H)-one 53462738 Click to see 455.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Aristolactam 96710 Click to see 293.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Aristolactam Ii 148745 Click to see 263.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
aristololactam I-N-beta-D-glucoside 10411690 Click to see 455.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives
Bergenin 66065 Click to see 328.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Demethylbergenin 90476206 Click to see 314.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid 370 Click to see 170.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 11968480 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)O)O 332.26 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 51543740 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC(CO)O 244.20 unknown via CMAUP database
11-O-Galloylbergenin 56680102 Click to see 480.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Galloylshikimic acid 460897 Click to see C1C(C(C(C=C1C(=O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)O)O)O 326.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives
Methyl Vanillate 19844 Click to see 182.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters
Methylparaben 7456 Click to see 152.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Diphenylmethanes
1-[3-[(3-Acetyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenyl]-1-butanone 5315573 Click to see CCCC(=O)C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1O)CC2=C(C(=C(C(=C2O)C(=O)C)O)C)OC)O)CC=C(C)C)O 472.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallotojaponin 122659 Click to see CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1OC)CC2=C(C(=C(C(=C2O)CC=C(C)C)O)C(=O)C)O)O)C(=O)C)O 444.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallotophenone 179090 Click to see 404.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Aristolochic acids and derivatives
3-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid 163192830 Click to see 313.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Aristolochic acid 2236 Click to see COC1=CC=CC2=C3C(=C(C=C21)[N+](=O)[O-])C(=CC4=C3OCO4)C(=O)O 341.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Aristolochic Acid Ii 108168 Click to see 311.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Aristolochic Acid Iv 167493 Click to see COC1=CC2=C3C(=C(C=C2C(=C1)OC)[N+](=O)[O-])C(=CC4=C3OCO4)C(=O)O 371.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Aristolochic acid IV methyl ester 176931 Click to see 385.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 3-hydroxy-4,8-dimethoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 10406029 Click to see 357.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 3,4-dimethoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 5320068 Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C(=C1)C(=O)OC)C(=CC3=CC=CC=C32)[N+](=O)[O-])OC 341.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 3,4,8-trimethoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 10339181 Click to see 371.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 3,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 10315388 Click to see 343.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 6-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-10-nitrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate 9975595 Click to see 357.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Methyl 6-nitronaphtho[2,1-g][1,3]benzodioxole-5-carboxylate 85790593 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC2=C(C3=C1C(=CC4=CC=CC=C43)[N+](=O)[O-])OCO2 325.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
Phenanthro(3,4-d)-1,3-dioxole-5-carboxylic acid, 10-methoxy-6-nitro- 3084007 Click to see 341.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Phenanthrols
9-Methoxyaristolactam I 14804089 Click to see 323.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Feruloyltyramine 5280537 Click to see 313.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
Rhodiocyanoside A 6442274 Click to see 259.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Polyprenols
(2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22E,26E,30E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35-nonamethylhexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol 12442866 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C 631.10 unknown via CMAUP database
(2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-ol 12866490 Click to see 699.20 unknown via CMAUP database
(2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30Z,34E,38E,42E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39,43,47-dodecamethyloctatetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38,42,46-dodecaen-1-ol 14380582 Click to see 835.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35-Nonamethylhexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-Nonaen-1-Ol 83218 Click to see 631.10 unknown via CMAUP database
Ficaprenol 11 11411688 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C 767.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones
[(2R,3R,4R,4aS,10bS)-8,10-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-9-methoxy-6-oxo-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,4,4a,10b-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]isochromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 71571588 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)OC2=O)O 632.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3R,4S,4aS,10bS)-3,8,10-trihydroxy-9-methoxy-6-oxo-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,4,4a,10b-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]isochromen-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 102314951 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C3C(C(C(C(O3)COC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)OC2=O)O 632.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(6beta,24R)-6-Hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one 14769504 Click to see 428.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 5490292 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(=O)C4)C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 86821 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
6beta-Hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one 9823926 Click to see 428.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
b-Sitostenone 579897 Click to see 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
beta-Sitosterone 9801811 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(=O)C4)C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Stigmast-4-en-3-one 5484202 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol 22012 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Stigmasterol 5280794 Click to see 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides
Epilotaustralin 185818 Click to see CCC(C)(C#N)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O 261.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Rhodiocyanoside D 6442230 Click to see 259.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 102147465 Click to see 606.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenoxy)oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 102442447 Click to see 454.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 25262417 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC)O 484.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 102442448 Click to see 454.40 unknown via CMAUP database
I(2)-D-Glucopyranoside, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 2,6-bis(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate) 102469980 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O 650.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde 126 Click to see 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Phenylketones / Alkyl-phenylketones
1-(2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methylphenyl)ethanone 14602300 Click to see 196.20 unknown via CMAUP database
1-(2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethanone 14602301 Click to see 210.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Butyrylmallotochromene 189457 Click to see 470.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Isomallotochromene 10433453 Click to see 442.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallotochromene 126969 Click to see 442.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Azoles / Imidazoles
Allantoin 204 Click to see C1(C(=O)NC(=O)N1)NC(=O)N 158.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Pyridinecarboxamides / Nicotinamides
Nicotinamide 936 Click to see C1=CC(=CN=C1)C(=O)N 122.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives
N-cis-Feruloyl tyramine 6440659 Click to see 313.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Methyl ferulate 5357283 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OC)O 208.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate 5319562 Click to see COC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O 178.18 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
Methyl p-coumarate 92203 Click to see 178.18 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.199800016
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
4-Coumaric acid 322 Click to see 164.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90492-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin 9064 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Catechin gallates
(-)-Epicatechin gallate 107905 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O 442.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(+)-Catechin 3-Gallate 5276454 Click to see 442.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Epigallocatechin Gallate 65064 Click to see 458.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Hibiscetin 15559735 Click to see 334.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Isorhamnetin 5281654 Click to see 316.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Kaempferol 5280863 Click to see 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Myricetin 5281672 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 318.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Rutin 5280805 Click to see 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Hydroxyflavonoids / 7-hydroxyflavonoids
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-1-Benzopyrylium 128861 Click to see 287.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Peonidin 441773 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2O)O)O)O 301.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids
Vestitol, (-)- 182259 Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C2CC3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)OC2)O 272.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Phenylpropanoic acids
Eucomic Acid 23757219 Click to see 240.21 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1,2,3,6-Tetra-O-Galloyl-Beta-D-Glucose 73178 Click to see 788.60 unknown via CMAUP database
1,2,4,6-Tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 11297287 Click to see 788.60 unknown via CMAUP database
1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 440221 Click to see 484.40 unknown via CMAUP database
beta-Glucogallin 124021 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 332.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 65238 Click to see 940.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(10R,11R,13R,14R,15S)-3,4,5,11,14,20,21,22-octahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.02,7.010,15]docosa-1(22),2,4,6,18,20-hexaene-8,17-dione 11754973 Click to see 482.30 unknown via CMAUP database
[(10R,11R,13R,14R,15S)-3,4,5,11,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-8,17-dioxo-14-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.02,7.010,15]docosa-1(22),2,4,6,18,20-hexaen-13-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 14284542 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
[(10R,11S,13R,14R,15S)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-8,17-dioxo-11-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.02,7.010,15]docosa-1(22),2,4,6,18,20-hexaen-13-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 14429414 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
[(10R,11S,13R,14R,15S)-3,4,5,20,21,22-hexahydroxy-8,17-dioxo-11,14-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.02,7.010,15]docosa-1(22),2,4,6,18,20-hexaen-13-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 10557787 Click to see 938.70 unknown via CMAUP database
1,2-DI-O-GALLOYL-3,6-(R)-HEXAHYDROXYDIPHENOYL-| cent-D-GLUCOSE 14284664 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[[(1R,7R,8S,26R,28S,29R,38R)-1,14,15,18,19,20,34,35,39,39-decahydroxy-2,5,10,23,31-pentaoxo-28-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6,9,24,27,30,40-hexaoxaoctacyclo[34.3.1.04,38.07,26.08,29.011,16.017,22.032,37]tetraconta-3,11,13,15,17,19,21,32,34,36-decaen-13-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 16201525 Click to see 1120.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[[(1S,19R,21S,22R,23R)-6,7,8,11,12,22,23-heptahydroxy-3,16-dioxo-21-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[17.3.1.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaen-13-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 46905124 Click to see 802.60 unknown via CMAUP database
3,3a(2),4a(2)-Tri-O-methylellagic acid 11674590 Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)OC)C(=O)O2)O 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
4,4'-Di-O-methylellagic acid 11580745 Click to see 330.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Casuarictin 73644 Click to see 936.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Corilagin 73568 Click to see 634.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Ellagic Acid 5281855 Click to see 302.19 unknown via CMAUP database
Geraniin 3001497 Click to see 952.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallonin 21668995 Click to see 808.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallotinic Acid 10056140 Click to see 802.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Mallotusinin 514180 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C7=C(O6)C(=C(C=C7C(=O)O3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8C9=C(C(=C(C=C9C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 918.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Pmgvhtaltibnie-gloqphdasa- 21668994 Click to see 1278.90 unknown via CMAUP database
Punicafolin 5320800 Click to see 938.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Xcxwmhrrisfuff-xngpzlstsa- 21636130 Click to see 1110.80 unknown via CMAUP database

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