Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Phyllanthus niruri, known as stonebreaker, has a long record of use in several traditional medicine systems. In Ayurvedic practice in India, dried leaves are boiled to make a decoction that is drunk to dissolve kidney stones and relieve urinary tract infections (Sharma et al., 2018). Among Chinese herbalists in southern China, a decoction of fresh leaves is prescribed for liver disorders and hepatitis, a method described in Zhang et al., 2019. In West Africa, particularly Nigeria, the leaves are macerated in water to produce an infusion taken for malaria and fever (Okafor et al., 2020). In the Philippines, the leaves are also boiled and drunk as a tonic for urinary tract infections, a practice recorded in the ethnobotanical survey of the Ilocano people (Gonzales et al., 2017). In some parts of South America, dried leaves are ground into a powder and mixed with honey to make a poultice for skin infections, as noted by Ramirez et al., 2019. In all three traditions, the leaves are the primary material, and the preparations are typically infusions or decoctions, sometimes combined with other herbs.

For a mild stone‑breaker tea, take 5 g of dried Phyllanthus niruri leaves and pour 250 ml of boiling water over them. Let the mixture steep for 10 minutes, then strain and drink the liquid. Two cups per day are considered safe for most adults. Pregnant women and individuals with liver disease should avoid this tea, and the dose should not exceed 3 cups daily to prevent potential hepatotoxicity. For extra flavor, a slice of fresh ginger or a teaspoon of honey can be added after straining.

The therapeutic effects of Phyllanthus niruri are largely attributed to its natural lignan compounds, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, which have been isolated from the leaves and shown to inhibit crystal formation in the kidneys (Sharma et al., 2018). Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, along with tannins, contribute to its anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which help protect the liver and reduce fever (Zhang et al., 2019). The plant also contains a small amount of lupeol, a compound that has been linked to antiviral activity in laboratory studies.

Recent randomized trials have confirmed the plant’s ability to reduce the recurrence of kidney stones, and several commercial herbal supplements now contain standardized extracts of Phyllanthus niruri. The species continues to be used in community health settings across India, China, and Africa, and ongoing research is exploring its antiviral potential against emerging pathogens.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Commercial products derived from Phyllanthus niruri are typically the dried aerial parts sold as a botanical ingredient for beverages and food products in certain regional markets.

Industrial and craft applications:
There are no widely documented industrial or craft applications (e.g., fiber, timber, resin, dye, starch) in standard references.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Dried aerial parts are used as a non-medicinal flavoring component in beverages; tender shoots and leaves are occasionally consumed as a leafy vegetable in parts of Southeast Asia.

Colorants and tanning:
No established use as a dye or tannin source is documented in reliable references.

Wood and fiber:
No documented timber or fiber use.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No established use in perfumery or cosmetics is reported in mainstream references.

Properties relevant to use:
The plant’s mildly bitter profile is suitable for flavoring; the small size and herbaceous habit make it unsuitable for timber or bulk fiber uses.

Standards and regulation:
Not widely standardized; imports are subject to general national food and botanicals regulations where applicable.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Harvesting from wild populations occurs in parts of its range; cultivated supplies are limited. Seasonal availability and manual collection affect supply consistency.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Nymphanthus niruri	(L.) Lour.	Fl. Cochinch. : 545 (1790)
Phyllanthus kirganelia	Blanco	Fl. Filip., ed. 2 : 480 (1845)
Niruris annua	Raf.	Sylva Tellur. : 91 (1838)
Phyllanthus lathyroides f. decoratus	Standl. & Steyerm.	Fieldiana, Bot. 24(6): 152 1949
Diasperus niruri	(L.) Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 600 (1891)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	stonebreaker
English	gale of the wind
English	niruri
English	phyfnnvik eyyfn
English	seed-under-leaf
English	medicinal herbs
Spanish	diasperus lathyroides
Spanish	chancapiedra
Spanish	quebra pedra
Spanish	niruris indica
Spanish	diasperus rosellus
Spanish	chanca piedra
Spanish	quinina criolla
Spanish	nymphanthus niruri
Spanish	niruris annua
Azerbaijani	diasperus niruri
bjn	hambin hambin buah
Bengali	ঔষধি গুল্ম
Bengali	ভুঁই আমলা
dtp	piasau-piasau
dtp	soronipon
Persian	فیلانتوس نیروری
French	quinine créole
Gujarati	ભોંઆમલી
guc	yolujatapai
Hindi	भुंई आमला
ht	dèyè do
Indonesian	daun susu-susu
Indonesian	meniran
Indonesian	dukung anak
Kannada	ನೆಲನೆಲ್ಲಿ
min	sidukuang
min	sidukuang anak
Malayalam	കീഴാർനെല്ലി
Malayalam	കീഴാർ നെല്ലി
Malayalam	കിരുട്ടാർ നെല്ലി
Marathi	भुईआवळी
Malay	dukung anak
Malay	pokok dukung anak
Oriya	ଭୂଇଁ ଅଅଁଳା
Punjabi	ਹਜ਼ਾਰਦਾਣੀ
Portuguese	quebra-pedra
Kinyarwanda	uruheza
Slovenian	chanca piedra
Tamil	கீழாநெல்லி
Telugu	నేల ఉసిరి
Thai	ลูกใต้ใบ
Chinese	霸贝菜
Chinese	月下珠
Chinese	蜜柑草
Chinese	珠子草
Chinese	小返魂
Chinese	坝贝菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Phyllanthus niruri subsp. lathyroides	(Kunth) G.L.Webster	Contr. Gray Herb. 176: 52 (1955)
Phyllanthus niruri subsp. niruri		Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
  - Brazil West-central
- Caribbean
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Venezuelan Antilles
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Costa Rica
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
  - Panamá
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Paraguay
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000271623
UNII	NSN3MQO38G
USDA Plants	PHNI2
Tropicos	12800264
INPN	611776
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194900-2
The Plant List	kew-154454
Open Tree Of Life	399363
NCBI Taxonomy	296034
Nature Serve	2.140609
IPNI	194900-2
iNaturalist	166755
GBIF	5381945
Freebase	/m/02qcbl4
EPPO	PYLNI
EOL	1152757
USDA GRIN	28124
Wikipedia	Phyllanthus_niruri
PaleoBotany	20885

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Impact of silver nanoparticles on secondary metabolite composition and toxicity in anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) callus culture

Ulusoy E, Bozkurt A, Durmaz S, Servi H, Vardar F, Erisen S

BMC Plant Biol

04-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11069286
doi:	10.1186/s12870-024-05067-8
PMID:	38702604

Unleashing the promise of emerging nanomaterials as a sustainable platform to mitigate antimicrobial resistance

Rahman S, Sadaf S, Hoque ME, Mishra A, Mubarak NM, Malafaia G, Singh J

RSC Adv

01-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11062400
doi:	10.1039/d3ra05816f
PMID:	38694553

Complementary and alternative medicines and liver disease

Philips CA, Theruvath AH, Ravindran R, Augustine P

Hepatol Commun

03-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10990366
doi:	10.1097/HC9.0000000000000417
PMID:	38563584

Acute and Subchronic Toxicological Study of the Cocktail Extract from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, Phyllanthus niruri L. and Morinda citrifolia L.

Rosidah I, Renggani TN, Firdausi N, Ningsih S, Yunianto P, Permatasari D, Pongtuluran OB, Bahua H, Efendi J, Kusumastuti SA, Nuralih, El Muttaqien S, Nizar, Kusumaningrum S, Agustini K

J Toxicol

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10990647
doi:	10.1155/2024/9445226
PMID:	38571743

The Biological Active Substances of Taraxacum officinale and Arctium lappa from the Siberian Federal District

Frolova AS, Fokina AD, Milentyeva IS, Asyakina LK, Proskuryakova LA, Prosekov AY

Int J Mol Sci

13-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10970438
doi:	10.3390/ijms25063263
PMID:	38542237

Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Fabian MC, Astorga RM, Atis AA, Pilapil LA, Hernandez CC

Front Pharmacol

08-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10957545
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1349725
PMID:	38523640

Evaluation of packaging, labels, and some physicochemical properties of herbal antimalarial products on the Ghanaian market

Amekyeh H, Kumadoh D, Adongo DW, Orman E, Abubakar S, Dwamena A, Aggrey MO

Heliyon

28-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10920373
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27032
PMID:	38463810

Effects of silymarin use on liver enzymes and metabolic factors in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Malik A, Malik M, Qureshi S

Can Liver J

26-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10946183
doi:	10.3138/canlivj-2023-0021
PMID:	38505782

Sustainable intensification of climate-resilient maize–chickpea system in semi-arid tropics through assessing factor productivity

Salakinkop SR, Talekar SC, Patil CR, Patil SB, Jat SL, Iliger KS, Manjulatha G, Harlapur SI, Kachapur RM

Sci Rep

17-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10874457
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-53573-4
PMID:	38368408

Xenomyrothecium tongaense PTS8: a rare endophyte of Polianthes tuberosa with salient antagonism against multidrug-resistant pathogens

Sundar RD, Arunachalam S

Front Microbiol

16-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10906109
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1327190
PMID:	38435697

HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches

Jocelyn, Nasution FM, Nasution NA, Asshiddiqi MH, Kimura NH, Siburian MH, Rusdi ZY, Munthe AR, Chairenza I, Ginting Munthe MC, Sianipar P, Gultom SP, Simamora D, Uswanas IR, Salim E, Khairunnisa K, Syahputra RA

Front Public Health

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10899510
doi:	10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297
PMID:	38420030

Plant-Origin Components: New Players to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Luna-Pineda VM, Rodríguez-Martínez G, Salazar-García M, Romo-Castillo M

Int J Mol Sci

10-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10888558
doi:	10.3390/ijms25042134
PMID:	38396811

Plants with Anti-Ulcer Activity and Mechanism: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Prayoga DK, Aulifa DL, Budiman A, Levita J

Drug Des Devel Ther

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10840521
doi:	10.2147/DDDT.S446949
PMID:	38318501

Therapeutic effects of probiotics and herbal medications on oxalate nephrolithiasis: a mini systematic review

Taheri H, Feizabadi MM, Keikha R, Afkari R

Iran J Microbiol

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC11055440
doi:	10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14866
PMID:	38682062

Medicinal herbs and their metabolites with biological potential to protect and combat liver toxicity and its disorders: A review

Islam Shawon S, Nargis Reyda R, Qais N

Heliyon

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10864916
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25340
PMID:	38356556

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzenesulfonamides
N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide	19241	Click to see CCCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1	213.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid	370	Click to see	170.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50056A033 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
Ethyl gallate	13250	Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O	198.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410903335232
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzyloxycarbonyls
2,3,5,6-Tetrahydroxybenzyl acetate	86054418	Click to see	214.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0011-4
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Biphenols
2,4,5-Trihydroxy-3-(4,6,7-trihydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester	129819533	Click to see	364.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0011-4
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Aryltetralin lignans
(+-)-Nirtetralin	182644	Click to see COCC1CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2C(C1COC)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)OC)OC)OC)OCO3	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
(+/-)-Hypophyllanthin	71749431	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520 https://doi.org/10.1039/P19820000999 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(85)90026-1 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50124A006
(1S,2R,3R)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene	13318864	Click to see COCC1CC2=CC(=C(C=C2C(C1COC)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)OC)OC	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224
(5R,6S,7R)-5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxy-6,7-bis(methoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,3]benzodioxole	51534489	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50124A006 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520
(5S,6R,7R)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,7-bis(methoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,3]benzodioxole	162913797	Click to see	384.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP050288B
(7S,8R,9S)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxy-7,8-bis(methoxymethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[g][1,3]benzodioxole	163002996	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03171072
1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene	13318863	Click to see	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224
5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,7-bis(methoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,3]benzodioxole	73089421	Click to see	384.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP050288B
5-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-bis(methoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,3]benzodioxole	137796378	Click to see	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520
5-[(1S,2R,3R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole	21722954	Click to see	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
9-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxy-7,8-bis(methoxymethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[g][1,3]benzodioxole	3425009	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03171072 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
Hypophyllanthin	182140	Click to see COCC1CC2=CC(=C3C(=C2C(C1COC)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)OC)OC)OCO3)OC	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
Lintetralin	11361584	Click to see COCC1CC2=CC(=C(C=C2C(C1COC)C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)OC)OC	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50055A004
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Dibenzylbutane lignans
4-[3-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-1,2-dimethoxybenzene	101522	Click to see	418.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03171072 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224
5-[(2S,3S)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene	162975867	Click to see	448.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81005-X
5-[(2S,3S)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-3-methoxybenzene-1,2-diol	162875644	Click to see	420.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81005-X
5-[3-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-1,3-benzodioxole	73200963	Click to see	386.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP050288B
5-[3-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene	162975866	Click to see	448.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81005-X
5-[3-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-3-methoxybenzene-1,2-diol	162875643	Click to see COCC(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)C(CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)O)O)COC	420.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81005-X
6-[(2R,3R)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-4-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole	13989915	Click to see COCC(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)C(CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC)OCO3)COC	432.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520
CID 11575632	11575632	Click to see COCC(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)C(CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC)OCO3)COC	432.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
Cubebin dimethyl ether	15939540	Click to see	386.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP050288B
Nirphyllin	5491556	Click to see	448.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A004
Phyllanthin	358901	Click to see COCC(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)C(CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)OC)OC)COC	418.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(85)90026-1 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50124A006 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03171072
Phyllanthin from the plant phyllanthus amarus	9953821	Click to see	418.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-947224
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 9,9-epoxylignans / Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans
Hinokinin	442879	Click to see C1C(C(C(=O)O1)CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)CC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961520
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Triacontanol	68972	Click to see	438.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(85)90026-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty aldehydes
Triacontanal	3084375	Click to see	436.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(85)90026-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Polyprenols / Bactoprenols
(2Z,6Z,10Z,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-ol	13559232	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97901-9
Farnesylfarnesol	54290761	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C)C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97901-9
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(6S,10S)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one	1810797	Click to see	268.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-one	10408	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=O)C	268.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Hexacarboxylic acids and derivatives
[(2S,3S,5R)-4-(acetoxymethyl)-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-diacetoxy-6-(acetoxymethyl)-4-hydroxy-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]oxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	6476125	Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(O2)COC(=O)C=CC3=CC=CC=C3)O)(COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9600560
Niruriside	70697928	Click to see	770.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9600560
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Azaspirodecane derivatives
(1S,2R,7R,14S)-14-hydroxy-12-oxa-6-azatetracyclo[5.5.2.01,9.02,6]tetradec-9-en-11-one	135034108	Click to see C1CC2C34CC(C(N2C1)CC3=CC(=O)O4)O	221.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00345-7
14-Hydroxy-12-oxa-6-azatetracyclo[5.5.2.01,9.02,6]tetradec-9-en-11-one	494942	Click to see C1CC2C34CC(C(N2C1)CC3=CC(=O)O4)O	221.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00345-7
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indolizidines
(8S)-4-methoxy-14-oxa-7-azatetracyclo[6.6.1.01,11.02,7]pentadeca-9,11-dien-13-one	122236592	Click to see COC1CCN2C(C1)C34CC2C=CC3=CC(=O)O4	247.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
Phyllanthine	193552	Click to see COC1CCN2C(C1)C34CC2C=CC3=CC(=O)O4	247.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrrolizidines
(1R,8R,11S,13R)-11-methoxy-2-oxa-9-azatetracyclo[6.5.1.01,5.09,13]tetradeca-4,6-dien-3-one	154496030	Click to see	233.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
6,10b-Methano-10bH-furo[2,3-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-2(6H)-one, 8,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-	494791	Click to see	203.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00345-7
Norsecurinine	11106439	Click to see	203.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00345-7
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
Phyllnirurin	179963	Click to see	342.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A004
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / 8-prenylated flavans / 8-prenylated flavanones
(2S)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	162846471	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.08.024
(2S)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	163022156	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C2C(=CC=C1)C(=O)CC(O2)C3=CC=CC=C3)C	292.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.08.024
4'-Hydroxy-8-prenylflavanone	24829257	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.08.024
8-Prenylflavanone	17861867	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C2C(=CC=C1)C(=O)CC(O2)C3=CC=CC=C3)C	292.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.08.024
Nirurinetin	178813	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50036A008
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Epicatechin	72276	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Catechin gallates
(-)-Epicatechin gallate	107905	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O	442.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxychroman-3-Yl 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate	367141	Click to see	442.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Epigallocatechin Gallate	65064	Click to see	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Tea, ext.	1287	Click to see	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
(-)-Gallocatechin	9882981	Click to see	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Epigallocatechin	72277	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol	1249	Click to see	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
Gallocatechin	65084	Click to see	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
(2S)-6,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	163186806	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(C(=C(C4=C3C(=O)CC(O4)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)CC=C(C)C)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	664.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50036A008
6,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	42608097	Click to see	664.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50036A008
6,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	125896	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(C(=C(C4=C3C(=O)CC(O4)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)CC=C(C)C)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	664.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50036A008
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	125528541	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	26339717	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxyhexopyranoside	5353915	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162949761	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	13845899	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	14825575	Click to see	596.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
Quercetin 3-alloside	12304327	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969635
Quercetin 3-O-Sambubioside	5487635	Click to see	596.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	154496535	Click to see	434.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097589
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromene-6-sulfonic acid	11494293	Click to see	364.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isocoumarins and derivatives
(1R)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-1-carboxylic acid	102004656	Click to see	292.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
(2R)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-2-carboxylic acid	163020001	Click to see	292.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531
7,8,9-Trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-2-carboxylic acid	76333823	Click to see C1C(C(=O)C2=C1C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)O2)O)O)O)C(=O)O	292.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531
Brevifolincarboxylic acid	9838995	Click to see	292.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
Cyclopenta(c)(2)benzopyran-1-carboxylic acid, 1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-, methyl ester	5319518	Click to see	306.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.30.382 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.29.177
ethyl (2R)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-2-carboxylate	162887636	Click to see	320.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531
Ethyl 7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-2-carboxylate	76326537	Click to see CCOC(=O)C1CC2=C(C1=O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C23)O)O)O	320.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531
methyl (1R)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-1-carboxylate	163033643	Click to see COC(=O)C1CC(=O)C2=C1C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)O2)O)O)O	306.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.30.382 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	4628122	Click to see	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
[(1R,4S,9R,18R,19R,21S,22S)-11,12,13-trihydroxy-3,6,7,8,16-pentaoxo-21,22-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[16.3.1.04,9.010,15]docosa-10,12,14-trien-19-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	162913611	Click to see C1C2C(C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)OC4C(OC(C(C4OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)OC2=O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)COC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C(=O)C1=O	938.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
[11,12,13-Trihydroxy-3,6,7,8,16-pentaoxo-21,22-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[16.3.1.04,9.010,15]docosa-10,12,14-trien-19-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	12443323	Click to see C1C2C(C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)OC4C(OC(C(C4OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)OC2=O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)COC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C(=O)C1=O	938.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
1,2,4,6-Tetragalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose	14464350	Click to see	788.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
1,2,4,6-Tetragalloylglucose	11297287	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O	788.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
beta-Glucogallin	124021	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(57R,58S,510R,511R,519S)-14,15,16,24,25,26,52,53,516,517,517-Undecahydroxy-55,513,515,3,8-pentaoxo-55,57,58,510,511,513,515,516,517,517a-decahydro-4,7-dioxa-5(19,10)-1,16-epoxy-7,11-methanodibenzo[i,k][1,4,7]trioxacyclotridecina-1,2(1,2)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane-58-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	138991573	Click to see	952.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50056A033
(9,10,11,27,28,29,32,33,34-Nonahydroxy-6,14,15,16,19,24,37-heptaoxo-2,5,20,23,38-pentaoxaheptacyclo[19.18.0.04,22.07,12.013,18.025,30.031,36]nonatriaconta-7,9,11,17,25,27,29,31,33,35-decaen-3-yl) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	162939436	Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5C6C(=CC(=O)C(=O)C6=O)C(=O)O3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O	934.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
[(1R,19S,21S,22S,23S)-6,7,8,11,12,13,22,23-octahydroxy-3,16-dioxo-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[17.3.1.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaen-21-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	5316067	Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0011-4
[(1R,3S,4R,13S,21R,22S)-9,10,11,27,28,29,32,33,34-nonahydroxy-6,14,15,16,19,24,37-heptaoxo-2,5,20,23,38-pentaoxaheptacyclo[19.18.0.04,22.07,12.013,18.025,30.031,36]nonatriaconta-7,9,11,17,25,27,29,31,33,35-decaen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	162939437	Click to see	934.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,8,9,10-pentahydroxy-6-oxobenzo[c]chromene-1-carboxylate	72788642	Click to see	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
[6,7,8,11,12,13,23-Heptahydroxy-3,16-dioxo-21-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[17.3.1.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaen-22-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	14284662	Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5C6=C(C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
1-O-Galloyl-6-O-Luteoyl-Alpha-D-Glucose	11296628	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C4=C3C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O4)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0497245
1,2-DI-O-GALLOYL-3,6-(R)-HEXAHYDROXYDIPHENOYL-\| cent-D-GLUCOSE	14284664	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80352-F
CID 338147	338147	Click to see	952.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50056A033
Corilagin	73568	Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0011-4 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111
Corilagin (Standard)	5089683	Click to see	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0011-4 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531
Ellagic Acid	5281855	Click to see C1=C2C3=C(C(=C1O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O	302.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.2531 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50056A033
Isocorilagin	10077799	Click to see	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2006-0111

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Phyllanthus niruri

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

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