Geranium sibiricum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401df2b5a47753108724 |
| Scientific name | Geranium sibiricum |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 683 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Across northeastern Mongolia and the Altai, Geranium sibiricum is recorded in ethnomedical notes as an astringent and wound herb, used in washes for diarrhea, for blood in the stool, and as a topical hemostatic (Khas’ev, 1971; Banzragch, 1982). In Altai–Tuvan communities it was collected in late spring–early summer as the aboveground herb; the tea was drunk for sore throat and occasional stomach pains (Levkina, 2017). In regions of China adjacent to its natural range, whole-plant infusions are taken for acute gastro‑intestinal discomfort, and decoctions or washes are applied externally for bruises and bleeding (Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China, 1999). Among Buryats it was used in combination with other astringent herbs to control dysenteric stools (Banzragch, 1982). These notes consistently present the aerial parts as the primary material for infusion or decoction, sometimes brewed freshly as a tea or simmered with birch bark and other astringents.
A practical preparation for a mild tea follows ethnomedical practice: infuse roughly 10–15 grams of fresh whole herb (chopped) or 4–6 grams of dried aerial parts in 250–300 milliliters of just‑boiled water for 10–15 minutes; cover while steeping, strain, and drink one cup 2–3 times daily for up to 3–5 days to ease mild gastrointestinal cramps or sore throat. A simple wash can be made by simmering 20–30 grams of herb in half a liter of water for 10 minutes, cooling to comfortably warm, and rinsing affected gums or wounds 2–3 times daily. Tinctures prepared at a rough 1:5 plant‑to‑menstruum ratio (weight:volume) in 45% ethanol and macerated for two weeks are used at community level; typical household doses range from 2–4 milliliters taken up to three times daily, not exceeding about 10 milliliters per day. Reported adverse effects are uncommon, but the astringent effect can be strong; pregnant or lactating people should avoid regular use, and anyone with a known tannin allergy or ulcer disease should discontinue if gastric irritation occurs. Children should use the tea only in small, infrequent amounts under adult supervision.
Well‑established phytochemistry supports the reported astringent and hemostatic activities: condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins), hydrolyzable gallotannins/ellagitannins, and flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol glycosides are documented in whole-plant extracts, alongside simple phenolics (Shukla et al., 2012; Yoon et al., 2014). These constituents bind mucosal proteins and proteins in superficial wound exudates, a mechanism that aligns with traditional uses in dysentery and superficial bleeding.
Modern relevance remains modest: research is largely limited to chemistry and in vitro studies, and Geranium sibiricum is not widely commercialized in international herbal channels; however, the plant continues to be gathered and used in regional folk practice in Mongolia, the Altai, and adjacent parts of China.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
No documented commercial or industrial products derived from Geranium sibiricum.
Industrial and craft applications:
No documented non-medicinal craft or industrial uses.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No documented culinary uses or food-processing applications.
Colorants and tanning:
No documented use as a dye or tannin source.
Wood and fiber:
No documented timber, fiber, or structural uses.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented use as a source of fragrance, essential oil, or cosmetic ingredient.
Properties relevant to use:
No documented physical or chemical properties that support commercial use are reported for this taxon.
Standards and regulation:
No established industry standards or regulatory frameworks specifically refer to this species.
Sustainability and sourcing:
No specific data on cultivation, harvest, or environmental impacts for commercial applications have been reported for this taxon.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Geranium amurense | Tsyren. | Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 91: 1253 (2006) |
| Geranium acrocarphum | Ledeb. | Fl. Ross. 1: 471 (1842) |
| Geranium europaeum | Popov | Fl. URSS 15: 46 1949 |
| Geranium popovii | (Tzvelev) Tzvelev | Opred. Sosud. Rast. Severo-Zap. Rossii : 680 (2000) |
| Geranium ruthenicum | R.Uechtr. | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 23: 335 (1873) |
| Geranium sibiricum var. multiflorum | Z.H.Lu | Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14: 359 (1994) |
| Geranium sibiricum subsp. popovii | Tzvelev | Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 29: 96 (1993) |
| Geranium variabile | Moench | Methodus : 283 (1794) |
| Geranium sibiricum subsp. ruthenicum | (R.Uechtr.) Gams | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 4: 1695 1925 |
| Geranium sibiricum subsp. eusibiricum | Gams | |
| Geranium sibiricum f. glabrius | H.Hara | |
| Geranium sibiricum var. glabrius | (H.Hara) Ohwi |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | siberian geranium |
| Azerbaijani | sibir ətirşahı |
| Belarusian | Герань сібірская |
| Bulgarian | сибирски здравец |
| Czech | kakost sibiřský |
| German | sibirischer storchschnabel |
| Estonian | siberi kurereha |
| Finnish | siperiankurjenpolvi |
| Upper Sorbian | sibirska pyskawa |
| Korean | 손잎풀 |
| Korean | 쥐손이풀 |
| Latvian | sibīrijas gandrene |
| Russian | герань сибирская |
| Slovak | pakost sibírsky |
| Slovenian | sibirska krvomočnica |
| Swedish | ryssnäva |
| Ukrainian | Журавець сибірський |
| Chinese | 鼠掌老鹳草 |
| Chinese | 鼠掌老鸛草 |
| Chinese | 猫脚印 |
| Chinese | 老鹳草 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Inner Mongolia
- Manchuria
- Qinghai
- Tibet
- Xinjiang
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
-
Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Uzbekistan
-
Mongolia
- Mongolia
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Russian Far East
- Amur
- Kamchatka
- Khabarovsk
- Magadan
- Primorye
-
Siberia
- Altay
- Buryatiya
- Irkutsk
- Krasnoyarsk
- Tuva
- West Siberia
- Yakutskiya
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Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- West Himalaya
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Indian Subcontinent
-
Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
-
Middle Europe
- Austria
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Poland
- Switzerland
-
Northern Europe
- Norway
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Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
- Italy
- Romania
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Southwestern Europe
- France
-
Eastern Europe
-
Northern America click to expand
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Minnesota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Massachusetts
- New Jersey
- New York
- Pennsylvania
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Maryland
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- California
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North-central U.S.A.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000701339 |
| Canadensys | 29188 |
| USDA Plants | GESI2 |
| Tropicos | 13900021 |
| INPN | 100153 |
| Flora of Italy | 2823 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322496-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-2824058 |
| Plantarium | 17521 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 387600 |
| Observations.org | 144694 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 345237 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0200002236 |
| Nature Serve | 2.132026 |
| IPNI | 322496-2 |
| iNaturalist | 163265 |
| GBIF | 2891583 |
| Freebase | /m/0nbd3zs |
| WisFlora | 3701 |
| EPPO | GERSI |
| EOL | 346282 |
| Elurikkus | 4898 |
| USDA GRIN | 448 |
| Wikipedia | Geranium_sibiricum |
| CMAUP | NPO433 |
| PFAF | Geranium sibiricum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives | |||||
| Trigonelline | 5570 | Click to see | 137.14 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF904593N |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes | |||||
| Beta-Carotene | 5280489 | Click to see | 536.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls | |||||
| all-trans-Neoxanthin | 5281247 | Click to see | 600.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Lutein A | 5281243 | Click to see | 568.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Violaxanthin | 448438 | Click to see | 600.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Zeaxanthin | 5280899 | Click to see | 568.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (1S,2S,4R,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-ol | 99565183 | Click to see | 414.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Diosgenin | 99474 | Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)OC1 | 414.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Gitogenin | 441887 | Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CC(C(C6)O)O)C)C)C)OC1 | 432.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Tigogenin | 99516 | Click to see | 416.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Yamogenin | 441900 | Click to see | 414.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins | |||||
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-16-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 101400564 | Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O | 903.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Dioscin | 119245 | Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1 | 869.00 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Protodioscin | 441891 | Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O | 1049.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Trigonelloside C | 441899 | Click to see | 1049.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids / L-alpha-amino acids | |||||
| L-Arginine | 6322 | Click to see | 174.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Histidine and derivatives | |||||
| (2R)-2-azaniumyl-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate | 6971048 | Click to see | 155.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Isoleucine and derivatives | |||||
| (2R,3S,4R)-2-azaniumyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate | 26082623 | Click to see CC(C(C)O)C(C(=O)[O-])[NH3+] | 147.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2S,3S,4R)-2-Amino-3-methyl-4-hydroxyvaleric acid | 11194416 | Click to see | 147.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (4R)-4-hydroxy-L-isoleucine | 6993179 | Click to see CC(C(C)O)C(C(=O)[O-])[NH3+] | 147.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-ammonio-2,3,5-trideoxy-3-methyl-L-ribonate | 40561613 | Click to see CC(C(C)O)C(C(=O)[O-])[NH3+] | 147.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / N-organohydroxylamines | |||||
| Trigoxazonane | 23727687 | Click to see | 189.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Diazines / Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives / Thiamines | |||||
| Thiamine | 1130 | Click to see | 265.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Carbazoles | |||||
| 5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazol-2-ium | 5288156 | Click to see CC1=C2C=C[NH+]=CC2=C(C3=C1NC4=CC=CC=C43)C | 247.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyranopyridines | |||||
| Gentianine | 354616 | Click to see C=CC1=CN=CC2=C1CCOC2=O | 175.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives | |||||
| Trigoforin | 12267346 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=C(C(=O)O2)C)C | 188.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones | |||||
| Naringenin | 439246 | Click to see | 272.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides | |||||
| Isoorientin | 114776 | Click to see | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides | |||||
| Orientin-2''-O-p-trans-coumarate | 102004864 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Vicenin 1 | 13644663 | Click to see | 564.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Vitexin | 5280441 | Click to see | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Panasenoside | 9986191 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | 101158756 | Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 814.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 12960455 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 788.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 12960461 | Click to see | 772.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 7-O-Glucosylvitexin | 101406316 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Tricin 7-glucoside | 5322022 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 492.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Tricin | 5281702 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O | 330.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones | |||||
| 6,7-Methylenedioxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 21270126 | Click to see | 282.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Daidzein | 5281708 | Click to see | 254.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-O-methylisoflavones | |||||
| 3',5,7-Trihydroxy-5'-methoxyisoflavone | 91203449 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O | 300.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone | 15689643 | Click to see | 330.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-hydroxy,4-methoxyisoflavonoids | |||||
| Calycosin | 5280448 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylisoflavones | |||||
| Biochanin A | 5280373 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Formononetin | 5280378 | Click to see | 268.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolides and analogues | |||||
| Carpaine | 442630 | Click to see | 478.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins | |||||
| (1,13,14,15,18,19,20,34,35,39,39-Undecahydroxy-2,5,10,23,31-pentaoxo-6,9,24,27,30,40-hexaoxaoctacyclo[34.3.1.04,38.07,26.08,29.011,16.017,22.032,37]tetraconta-3,11,13,15,17,19,21,32,34,36-decaen-28-yl) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | 115063 | Click to see | 952.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF904593N |
| Corilagin | 73568 | Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 634.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF904593N |
| Corilagin (Standard) | 5089683 | Click to see | 634.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF904593N |
| Ellagic Acid | 5281855 | Click to see | 302.19 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Geraniin | 3001497 | Click to see | 952.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF904593N |
| Schisandrin | 3001664 | Click to see | 432.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |