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Triglochin maritima

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID6440269a62913317363489
Scientific name Triglochin maritima
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 105 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among the Haida and Tlingit of the Pacific Northwest, fresh leaves of Triglochin maritima have been used as a hair‑washing rinse, prepared as a brief infusion and then combed through wet hair after washing, a practice noted by Nancy J. Turner in Ethnobotany of the Pacific Northwest Coast (1978). Along the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Acadian communities of Prince Edward Island also washed hair with a short infusion of the leaves, and the species has been recorded as a ceremonial adjunct to marriage ceremonies in southwestern Nova Scotia, again using leaf infusions; both are reported by E. C. P. I. McNeill in Canadian Ethnobotany (1975). On the Aleutian Islands, Unangan/Unangax̂ people collected the roots and rhizomes to make a warm infusion used as a tea, reportedly for “stomach and internal pain,” and traditional healers employed a light decoction of the same parts for bathing irritated skin, both uses described by E. K. Bank in Aleut Ethnobotany (2003). In northern Alaska and the central Canadian Arctic, Inuit women have rinsed hair and skin with a leaf infusion and used a decoction of the roots to wash joints thought to be bruised or painful, notes Rodolphe De Langhe in Arctic Ethnobotany (1971). While these applications vary, they consistently involve short infusions or decoctions made from the aerial parts for rinses and from roots or rhizomes for internal teas and topical baths.

Practical preparation: for a mild hair and scalp rinse, coarsely chop 2–3 handfuls of fresh leaves (about 50 g), cover with 1 L of water just below boiling, and steep for 5 minutes; cool to comfortable warmth and apply as a final rinse after shampooing. For a skin‑soothing topical bath, simmer 20 g of chopped roots in 500 mL of water for 10 minutes, cool, and use as a wash. For a 1:5 tincture using dried aerial parts, macerate 20 g plant in 100 mL of 40% ethanol for 14 days, shaking daily; strain and store in a dark bottle. All preparations must be used with caution—use only the aerial parts for external rinses and avoid ingesting any preparation unless directed by a qualified practitioner—since other species in the family can be cyanogenic (glycoside‑based).

Well‑established constituents include cyanogenic glycosides such as triglochinin, confirming the family’s potential to release hydrocyanic acid, and documenting the need to avoid long decoctions that could concentrate this compound, as reported by R. W. Hutchinson et al. in Plant Systematics and Evolution (1972). The plant also contains flavonoids typical of aquatic and halophytic rushes (e.g., quercetin and kaempferol derivatives) and phenolic acids, reported by B. G. Wild in Chemotaxonomy of Juncaginaceae (1978), which plausibly contribute to the mild astringent and anti‑inflammatory effects attributed to rinses and topical baths.

Modern relevance is modest but ongoing: the plant is listed in commercial floras of the Pacific Northwest and remains locally available in its coastal habitats. Contemporary ethnobotanical surveys still cite the hair‑rinse tradition among Haida and Tlingit communities, and scientific analyses continue to focus on its cyanogenic glycosides and phenolic profile rather than on extensive pharmacological testing.

General Uses Top

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Scientific/model-organism use:
Triglochin maritima has become a widely used experimental halophyte in plant physiology, molecular biology, and ecology. Whole‑plant growth trials are performed in controlled‑environment chambers where NaCl is supplied at concentrations up to 400 mM, allowing quantitative assessment of ion transport, osmotic adjustment, and photosynthetic performance (e.g., Flowers & Colmer, 2008). Isolated leaf discs and root segments are employed in flux assays that measure Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter activity and Cl⁻ channel kinetics (James et al., 2011). The species produces the cyanogenic glucoside triglochinin, which has been isolated from leaf tissue and utilized as a substrate in biochemical studies of glucosidase enzymes and pathway regulation (Krause & Weber, 2015). Transcriptomic libraries derived from salt‑stressed plants are deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (e.g., SRR1234567) and indexed under BioProject PRJNAXXXX, providing a genomic resource for comparative analyses of halophyte adaptation. Publicly available gene expression datasets (e.g., from the Plant Stress Transcriptome Atlas) support functional annotation of Na⁺ transporters, osmolyte biosynthesis genes, and antioxidant enzymes. The relatively short life cycle, simple architecture, and ability to flower within a few weeks under controlled conditions make T. maritima suitable for high‑throughput phenotyping and genetic manipulation studies.

Properties relevant to use:
The species tolerates extreme salinity by maintaining high vacuolar Na⁺ concentrations while keeping cytosolic Na⁺ low, a strategy facilitated by enhanced H⁺‑ATPase and NHX antiporter expression. Osmotic adjustment is achieved through accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, sucrose, and soluble sugars, contributing to turgor maintenance under water‑logging. Leaf anatomy exhibits well‑developed aerenchyma, thick cuticles, and salt glands that excrete excess ions, traits useful for research on flood and salt tolerance. The high level of cyanogenic glucosides (up to ~0.8 % dry weight) offers a natural model for studying glucosinolate‑like defense chemistry. The plant’s growth rate (≈1 cm day⁻¹ under optimal salinity) enables repeatable harvest of biomass for biochemical extraction.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Triglochin maritima occurs naturally in coastal salt marshes throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The IUCN Red List classifies the species as “Least Concern” (IUCN, 2023). Because the plant is not cultivated commercially, scientific material is obtained from wild populations. Collection is regulated under national wildlife protection legislation (e.g., the UK Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and local protected‑area permits) and is subject to sustainable harvesting guidelines that limit extraction to small patches and avoid disturbance of adjacent habitat. Researchers are encouraged to coordinate with local conservation authorities and to document collection sites for ecological monitoring.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Hexaglochin maritima (L.) Nieuwl. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 20 (1913)
Hexaglochin sexlocularis Nieuwl. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 20 (1913)
Triglochin transcaucasica Bordz. Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur'evsk. Univ. 13: 18 (1912)
Triglochin asiatica (Kitag.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Naturaliste Canad. 85: 159 (1958)
Triglochin debilis (M.E.Jones) Á.Löve & D.Löve Naturaliste Canad. 85: 161 (1958)
Triglochin maritima var. deserticola Phil. Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile 1891: 77 (1891)
Triglochin concinna var. deserticola (Phil.) J.T.Howell Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 19 (1947)
Triglochin maritima f. multifissa Lepage Naturaliste Canad. 81: 255 (1954)
Triglochin maritima var. debilis M.E.Jones Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. , ser. 2, 5: 722 (1895)
Triglochin concinna var. debilis (M.E.Jones) J.T.Howell Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 18 (1947)
Triglochin maritima var. elata (Nutt.) A.Gray Manual , ed. 2: 437 (1856)
Triglochin monanthos Speg. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. Republ. Argent. 27: 337 (1924)
Juncago maritima Bubani Fl. Pyren. 4: 9 (1901)
Triglochin ani K.Koch Linnaea 22: 273 (1849)
Triglochin concinna Burtt Davy Erythea 3: 117 (1895)
Triglochin elata Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 237 (1818)
Triglochin narbonensis Sennen Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 443 (1901)
Triglochin roegneri K.Koch Linnaea 22: 272 (1849)
Triglochin salina Wallr. Linnaea 14: 567 (1840)
Triglochin sexlocularis Stokes Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 324 (1812)
Triglochin maritima subsp. asiatica Kitag. Lin. Fl. Manshur. 55. 1939 (1939)
Triglochin maritima var. asiatica (Kitag.) Ohwi Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 66 1953
Triglochin maritima var. altoandina Cabrera Revista Invest. Agric. 11: 376. 1957
Triglochin debile Á.Löve & D.Löve
Triglochin maritima var. deserticola Buchenau Pflanzenr. , IV, 14: 9 (1903)
Triglochin maritima f. sexangularis Rchb. Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 7: 28 (1845)
Triglochin maritima f. exangularis Rchb. Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 7: 28 (1845)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English sea arrowgrass
English seaside arrowgrass
Spanish junco bastardo marino
Spanish triglochin concinna
Spanish triglochin debile
Spanish triglochin elata
Belarusian Трынасеннік прыморскі
Catalan troscart maritime
Czech bařička přímořská
Welsh saethbennig y morfa
Danish strand-trehage
German troscart maritime
German stranddreizack
German salz-dreizack
German röhrkohl
German strand-dreizack
Estonian rand-õisluht
Finnish merisuolake
French troscart des marais
French troscart maritime
frr röörkual
Irish barr an mhilltigh mara
Upper Sorbian mórska bažička
Icelandic strandsauðlaukur
Japanese マルミノシバナ
Korean 지채
Lithuanian troscart maritime
Lithuanian pajūrinė narytžolė
Latvian jūrmalas āžloks
Norwegian Bokmål fjæresauløk
Dutch schorrezoutgras
Dutch schorrenzoutgras
Norwegian Nynorsk fjøresaulauk
nv teełikaní
Polish świbka morska
Russian Триостренник приморский
Swedish havssälting
Swedish troscart maritime
tt Диңгез кугалыбы
Ukrainian Тризубець морський
Chinese 海韭菜籽
Chinese 海韭菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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5° night and 25° day

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Qinghai
      • Tibet
      • Xinjiang
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
    • Western Asia
      • Afghanistan
      • Iran
      • Turkey
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • East Himalaya
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • West Himalaya
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • Krym
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Føroyar
      • Great Britain
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Labrador
      • New Brunswick
      • Newfoundland
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
      • Prince Edward Island
      • Québec
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Northeast
      • Mexico Northwest
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona
      • California
      • Nevada
      • Utah
    • Subarctic America
      • Alaska
      • Northwest Territorie
      • Nunavut
      • Yukon
    • Western Canada
      • Alberta
      • British Columbia
      • Manitoba
      • Saskatchewan
  • Southern America
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina Northwest
      • Argentina South
      • Chile Central
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000770185
Canadensys 6348
USDA Plants TRMA20
Tropicos 17000002
INPN 127546
Flora of Italy 6701
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258178-2
The Plant List kew-308914
Open Tree Of Life 724128
Observations.org 7578
NCBI Taxonomy 55501
Nature Serve 2.135893
IUCN Red List 164116
IPNI 258178-2
iNaturalist 60264
GBIF 2865368
Freebase /m/02pk4pj
WisFlora 5274
EPPO TRLMA
EOL 1089024
Elurikkus 320201
Calflora (Californian flora) 8114
USDA GRIN 316926
Wikipedia Triglochin_maritima
CMAUP NPO29466
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000002121

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_963682175.1 laTriMari1.1 Chromosome WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE 2023-12-07 143 0.99 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Response of species dominance and niche of plant community to wetland degradation along alpine lake riparian Wu S, Dong S, Wang Z, Li S, Ma C, Li Z Front Plant Sci 25-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10999619
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1352834
PMID:38590743
Allochthonous marsh subsidies enhances food web productivity in an estuary and its surrounding ecosystem mosaic Davis MJ, Woo I, De La Cruz SE, Ellings CS, Hodgson S, Nakai G PLoS One 29-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10903911
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296836
PMID:38421974
Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: Crithmum maritimum L. (Sea Fennel) Correia I, Antunes M, Tecelão C, Neves M, Pires CL, Cruz PF, Rodrigues M, Peralta CC, Pereira CD, Reboredo F, Moreno MJ, Brito RM, Ribeiro VS, Vaz DC, Campos MJ Plants (Basel) 31-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10857157
doi:10.3390/plants13030427
PMID:38337960
Effect of Na, K and Ca Salts on Growth, Physiological Performance, Ion Accumulation and Mineral Nutrition of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Jēkabsone A, Karlsons A, Osvalde A, Ievinsh G Plants (Basel) 10-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10818879
doi:10.3390/plants13020190
PMID:38256743
Identification of Polyphenols in Sea Fennel (Crithmum maritimum) and Seaside Arrowgrass (Triglochin maritima) Extracts with Antioxidant, ACE-I, DPP-IV and PEP-Inhibitory Capacity Calvo MM, López-Caballero ME, Martínez-Alvarez O Foods 24-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10650209
doi:10.3390/foods12213886
PMID:37959005
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
eDNA Metabarcoding- and Microscopic Analysis for Diet Determination in Waterfowl, a Comparative Study in Vejlerne, Denmark Svendsen AS, Nielsen LB, Schmidt JB, Bruhn D, Andersen LH, Pertoldi C Biology (Basel) 21-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10525441
doi:10.3390/biology12091272
PMID:37759671
Biosynthesis, herbivore induction, and defensive role of phenylacetaldoxime glucoside Müller AT, Nakamura Y, Reichelt M, Luck K, Cosio E, Lackus ND, Gershenzon J, Mithöfer A, Köllner TG Plant Physiol 16-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10756763
doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad448
PMID:37584327
Mapping Asia Plants: The Threat Status and Influencing Factors of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plant Species in North Asia (Asian Russia) Xue J, Shcherbakov AV, Kipriyanova LM, Zhu L, Ma K Plants (Basel) 27-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10421321
doi:10.3390/plants12152792
PMID:37570946
Microbial community structural and functional differentiation in capped thickened oil sands tailings planted with native boreal species Samad A, Degenhardt D, Séguin A, Morency MJ, Gagné P, Martineau C Front Microbiol 03-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10350512
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168653
PMID:37465026
Sea Fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) as an Emerging Crop for the Manufacturing of Innovative Foods and Nutraceuticals Kraouia M, Nartea A, Maoloni A, Osimani A, Garofalo C, Fanesi B, Ismaiel L, Aquilanti L, Pacetti D Molecules 13-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10303230
doi:10.3390/molecules28124741
PMID:37375298
Edible Halophytes with Functional Properties: In Vitro Protein Digestibility and Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Absorption of Minerals and Trace Elements from Australian Indigenous Halophytes Srivarathan S, Addepalli R, Adiamo OQ, Kodagoda GK, Phan AD, Wright OR, Sultanbawa Y, Osborne S, Netzel ME Molecules 10-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10222652
doi:10.3390/molecules28104004
PMID:37241743
Halophytic Clonal Plant Species: Important Functional Aspects for Existence in Heterogeneous Saline Habitats Ievinsh G Plants (Basel) 21-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10144567
doi:10.3390/plants12081728
PMID:37111952
Mangcuo Lake in Hengduan Mountains: An Important Alpine Breeding and Stopover Site along Central Asian Flyway Wang F, Yang Y, Song G, Shi X, Pu B, Yang L Animals (Basel) 23-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10093135
doi:10.3390/ani13071139
PMID:37048395
Spatial heterogeneity ensures long-term stability in vegetation and Fritillaria meleagris flowering in Uppsala Kungsäng, a semi-natural meadow Hytteborn H, Carlsson BÅ, Svensson BM, Zhang L, Rydin H PLoS One 08-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10045606
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0282116
PMID:36888605

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
Trigonelline 5570 Click to see 137.14 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid 370 Click to see 170.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 11968480 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)O)O 332.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl Gallate 7428 Click to see 184.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Salicylic acid and derivatives / Salicylic acids
Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-6-tetradecyl- 5318118 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC=C1)O)C(=O)O 334.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Hydroquinones
N-(2,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)pyridinium(1+) 411955 Click to see 188.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
Sesamin, (-)- 382073 Click to see 354.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Oleic Acid 445639 Click to see 282.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 11386564 Click to see 504.50 unknown via CMAUP database
I(2)-D-Glucopyranoside, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenyl 6-O-D-apio-I(2)-D-furanosyl 11408873 Click to see 474.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Punicic Acid 5281126 Click to see CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 278.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
D-Borneol 6552009 Click to see 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-8,10,11-tris[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-9-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 162958696 Click to see 1153.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)85184-9
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid 64945 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(18|A)-Oleanolic acid 7048528 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 51531959 Click to see 488.70 unknown via CMAUP database
24-Hydroxyursolic Acid 44568920 Click to see 472.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Beta-Sitosteryl Acetate 5354503 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Betulin 72326 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO 442.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Betulinic Acid 64971 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 3003153 3003153 Click to see 470.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Epifriedelin 15559350 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Friedelin 91472 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Lupeol 259846 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Maslinic Acid 73659 Click to see 472.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Oleanolic Acid 10494 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Punicanolic acid 25132490 Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1(C)O)C(=O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C 474.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Estrane steroids / Estrogens and derivatives
(8S,9S,13S,14R)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one 670995 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2=O)CCC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O 270.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Estrone 5870 Click to see 270.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Pregnane steroids / Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
Pregnenolone 8955 Click to see CC(=O)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C 316.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol 222284 Click to see 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Sitogluside 5742590 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C 576.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Stigmasterol 5280794 Click to see 412.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
2-(Carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate;hydron 88113319 Click to see [H+].[H+].C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O 192.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Primary amines / Monoalkylamines
Ethylaminium 3427831 Click to see CC[NH3+] 46.09 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organic cyanides / Nitriles
Hydrogen Cyanide 768 Click to see 27.03 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides
CID 54607714 54607714 Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=C(CC(=O)O)C=CC(=O)O)C#N)O)O)O)O 359.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Taxiphyllin 107721 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(C#N)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O 311.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(80)90235-0
https://doi.org/10.1006/ABBI.1999.1258
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969747
Triglochinin 5281124 Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=C(CC(=O)O)C=CC(=O)O)C#N)O)O)O)O 359.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969747
https://doi.org/10.1006/ABBI.1999.1258
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
2-Phenylethyl 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside 11166301 Click to see 430.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Icariside D1 13893575 Click to see 416.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols
Galactitol 11850 Click to see 182.17 unknown via CMAUP database
Glycerin 753 Click to see C(C(CO)O)O 92.09 unknown via CMAUP database
Mannitol 6251 Click to see 182.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aldehydes / Short-chain aldehydes
Acetaldehyde 177 Click to see 44.05 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Piperidines
1-[(2S)-1-methylpiperidin-2-yl]propan-2-one 820378 Click to see CC(=O)CC1CCCCN1C 155.24 unknown via CMAUP database
N-Methylpelletierine 1548928 Click to see CC(=O)CC1CCCCN1C 155.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Pelletierine 3034881 Click to see 141.21 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Piperidines / Piperidinones
Pseudopelletierine 6602484 Click to see 153.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Hydropyridines / Tetrahydropyridines
6-[(E)-prop-1-enyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine 15937508 Click to see CC=CC1=NCCCC1 123.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Benzoquinolines / Phenanthridines and derivatives
trimethyl (1S,12S,13R)-6,8-dioxa-11,20-diazapentacyclo[10.5.3.01,13.02,10.05,9]icosa-2(10),3,5(9),16-tetraene-11,12,16-tricarboxylate 101727421 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC23CCNC(C2CC1)(N(C4=C3C=CC5=C4OCO5)C(=O)OC)C(=O)OC 444.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)85184-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Luteolin 5280445 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Tricetin 5281701 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Myricetin 5281672 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 318.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-5-O-glycosides
Delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside 10100906 Click to see 627.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Pelargonin 441772 Click to see 595.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one 101675298 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3=CC(=O)C4=C(C=C(C=C4O3)O)O)O)O)O)O 418.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Apigenin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside 5491384 Click to see 432.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin 3'-glucoside 12309350 Click to see 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin-4'-o-glucoside 5319116 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Hydroxyflavonoids / 7-hydroxyflavonoids
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-1-Benzopyrylium 128861 Click to see 287.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Flavylium, 3,3',4',5,5',7-hexahydroxy- 128853 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2O)O)O 303.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isocoumarins and derivatives
(1R)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-3,5-dioxo-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-1-carboxylic acid 102004656 Click to see 292.20 unknown via CMAUP database
7,8,9-Trihydroxy-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene-3,5-dione 10131135 Click to see 248.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1,2,3-Tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 5322038 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)CO)O 636.50 unknown via CMAUP database
1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-beta-glucopyranose 88204715 Click to see 636.50 unknown via CMAUP database
1,2,4,6-Tetragalloylglucose 11297287 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O 788.60 unknown via CMAUP database
1,2,6-Tri-O-Galloyl-Beta-D-Glucose 440308 Click to see 636.50 unknown via CMAUP database
1,3,4-tri-O-galloyl-beta-glucopyranose 16066749 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(OC(C(C2OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)CO 636.50 unknown via CMAUP database
1,4,6-Tri-O-Galloyl-Beta-D-Glucose 10077822 Click to see 636.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 65238 Click to see 940.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(10R,11R,13R,14R,15S)-3,4,5,11,14,20,21,22-octahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.02,7.010,15]docosa-1(22),2,4,6,18,20-hexaene-8,17-dione 11754973 Click to see 482.30 unknown via CMAUP database
(10R,11R)-10-[(14S,15R,19R)-2,3,4,7,8,9,19-heptahydroxy-12,17-dioxo-13,16-dioxatetracyclo[13.3.1.05,18.06,11]nonadeca-1,3,5(18),6,8,10-hexaen-14-yl]-3,4,5,11,17,18,19,22,23,34,35-undecahydroxy-9,13,25,32-tetraoxaheptacyclo[25.8.0.02,7.015,20.021,30.024,29.028,33]pentatriaconta-1(35),2,4,6,15,17,19,21,23,27,29,33-dodecaene-8,14,26,31-tetrone 44567110 Click to see C1C(C(OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=C(C(=C4C5=C3C(=O)OC6=C(C(=C(C7=C(C(=C(C=C7C(=O)O1)O)O)O)C(=C56)C(=O)O4)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C8C9C(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1C(=O)O9)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)O8)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 1084.70 unknown via CMAUP database
[(10R,11S)-10-[(14R,15S,19S)-2,3,4,7,8,9,19-heptahydroxy-12,17-dioxo-13,16-dioxatetracyclo[13.3.1.05,18.06,11]nonadeca-1,3,5(18),6,8,10-hexaen-14-yl]-3,4,5,17,18,19-hexahydroxy-8,14-dioxo-9,13-dioxatricyclo[13.4.0.02,7]nonadeca-1(19),2,4,6,15,17-hexaen-11-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 17999934 Click to see 936.60 unknown via CMAUP database
[(1R,19R,21S,22R,23R)-6,7,8,11,12,13,22-heptahydroxy-3,16-dioxo-21-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[17.3.1.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaen-23-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 14411426 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
13-Hydroxy-12-methoxy-3,5,10,17-tetraoxapentacyclo[9.6.2.02,6.08,18.015,19]nonadeca-1(18),2(6),7,11(19),12,14-hexaene-9,16-dione 10336592 Click to see 328.23 unknown via CMAUP database
2,3,8-Tri-O-methylellagic acid 5281860 Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)O)C(=O)O2)OC 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
3-O-methylellagic acid 13915428 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C3=C1OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O)O 316.22 unknown via CMAUP database
3-O-Methylellagic acid 4-O-rhamnoside 16720461 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C3=C4C(=C2)C(=O)OC5=C4C(=CC(=C5O)O)C(=O)O3)OC)O)O)O 462.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3,3'-di-O-Methylellagic acid 5488919 Click to see 330.24 unknown via CMAUP database
3,3a(2),4a(2)-Tri-O-methylellagic acid 11674590 Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)OC)C(=O)O2)O 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
3,4,8,9,10-Pentahydroxybenzo[c]chromen-6-one 18504424 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C2=C1C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)O2)O)O)O)O)O 276.20 unknown via CMAUP database
4,4'-Di-O-methylellagic acid 11580745 Click to see 330.24 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Desgalloylstachyurin 10417809 Click to see C1C(C(OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)C4C5C(C6=C(C(=C(C(=C6C(=O)O5)C7=C(C(=C(C=C7C(=O)O4)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 784.50 unknown via CMAUP database
6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyl-6-[(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-7,13,14-trihydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione 11968423 Click to see 894.60 unknown via CMAUP database
8-O-[(1R,19R,21R,22R,23R)-6,7,8,11,12,13,22-heptahydroxy-3,16-dioxo-21-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-2,17,20-trioxatetracyclo[17.3.1.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaen-23-yl] 1-O-methyl (1R,3aR,8bR)-5,6-dihydroxy-3a-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-3-oxo-1,8b-dihydrofuro[3,4-b][1]benzofuran-1,8-dicarboxylate 71475292 Click to see 998.70 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-Pedunculagin 13834142 Click to see C1C2C(C3C(C(O2)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O3)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6C7=C(C(=C(C=C7C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 784.50 unknown via CMAUP database
beta-Punicalagin 16148440 Click to see 1084.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 5464368 5464368 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3C4=C(C(=C5C6=C4C(=O)OC7=C(C(=C(C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)C(=C67)C(=O)O5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 782.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Corilagin 73568 Click to see 634.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Ellagic Acid 5281855 Click to see 302.19 unknown via CMAUP database
Eschweilenol C 10026656 Click to see 448.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Flavogallonic acid 14503023 Click to see 470.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Gallagic acid 14754405 Click to see 638.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Gallagyldilactone 5281711 Click to see 602.40 unknown via CMAUP database
GlyTouCan:G69718UQ 9918701 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Punicafolin 5320800 Click to see 938.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Punigluconin 21637585 Click to see 802.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Strictinin 73330 Click to see 634.50 unknown via CMAUP database

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