Viola arvensis in Genus Viola

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID643ffb7ec6868712604170
Scientific name	Viola arvensis
Authority	Murray
First published in	Prod. Stirp. Gott. : 73 (1770)

Description Top

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Viola arvensis is a species of violet native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. It is also found on other continents as an introduced species and a weed of disturbed and cultivated areas. It has been found to contain cyclotides, a class of peptides found in plants, with one peptide, cycloviolacin O2, showing cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells. It is an herbaceous annual plant with serrated leaves and usually white flowers, growing up to 20 centimeters tall.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Viola segetalis	Jord.	Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 12 (1846)
Viola gracilescens	Jord.	Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 20 (1846)
Viola deseglisei	Jord. ex Boreau	Fl. Centre France , ed. 3, 2: 82 (1857)
Viola latifolia	Drabble	J. Bot. 64: 266 (1926)
Viola agrestis	Jord.	Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 15 (1846)
Viola aurasiaca	Pomel	Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 342 (1875)
Viola atlantica	Pomel	Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 215 (1874)
Viola arvatica	Jord.	Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 24 (1852)
Mnemion segetale	Fourr.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 341 (1868)
Mnemion obtusifolium	Fourr.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 341 (1868)
Mnemion gracilescens	Fourr.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 342 (1868)
Mnemion arvense	(Murray) Nieuwl. & Kaczm.	Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 217 (1914)
Mnemion agreste	Fourr.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 341 (1868)
Viola tricolor var. arvensis	(Murray) DC.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 303. 1824 [mid Jan 1824]

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
English	field pansy
Azerbaijani	Çəmənlik bənövşəsi
Belarusian	Фіялка палявая
Bulgarian	полска теменуга
Czech	maceška rolní
Czech	violka rolní
Welsh	trilliw'r tir âr
Danish	ager-stedmoderblomst
Danish	ager-stedmoderblomst (viola arvensis)
German	acker-stiefmütterchen
German	ackerstiefmütterchen
German	feld-stiefmütterchen
German	acker-veilchen
Estonian	põldkannike
Persian	بنفشه فرنگی پالیزی
Finnish	pelto-orvokki
French	violette des champs
French	pensee des champs
French	pensée des champs
fy	lyts fioeltsje
fy	miedesweltsje
Irish	lus croí
Hungarian	mezei árvácska
Armenian	մանուշակ սովորական
Indonesian	cecalung padang
Icelandic	arfafjóla
Japanese	マキバスミレ
Lithuanian	dirvinė našlaitė
Norwegian Bokmål	åkerstemorsblom
Dutch	akkerviooltje
Polish	fiołek polny
Portuguese	violeta-dos-campos
Russian	Фиалка полевая
se	bealdoviola
Slovak	fialka roľná
Slovenian	njivska vijolica
smn	piälduviola
sms	peälddviola
Serbian	Пољска љубичица
Swedish	åkerviol
tt	Басу миләүшәсе
Chinese	野生堇菜
Chinese	田野堇菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Viola arvensis subsp. megalantha	Nauenb.	Haussknechtia 12: 53 (2010)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Madeira
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces

Antarctica click to expand
- Subantarctic Islands
  - Falkland Islands

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - Manchuria
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
  - Taiwan
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia
- Russian Far East
  - Kamchatka
  - Primorye
  - Sakhalin
- Siberia
  - Altay
  - Irkutsk
  - Krasnoyarsk
  - West Siberia
- Western Asia
  - Iran
  - Turkey

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Tasmania
  - Victoria
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand North

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - North European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Great Britain
  - Iceland
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - New Brunswick
  - Newfoundland
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Prince Edward Island
  - Québec
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Kansas
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Rhode Island
  - Vermont
  - West Virginia
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Idaho
  - Montana
  - Oregon
  - Washington
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Delaware
  - District Of Columbia
  - Georgia
  - Kentucky
  - Louisiana
  - Maryland
  - Mississippi
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
  - Tennessee
  - Virginia
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California
  - Utah
- Subarctic America
  - Greenland
- Western Canada
  - Alberta
  - British Columbia
  - Manitoba
  - Saskatchewan

Southern America click to expand
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Argentina South
  - Chile Central
  - Chile South
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000426676
Flora of Alabama	3714
Canadensys	9475
USDA Plants	VIAR
Tropicos	33800006
INPN	129506
Flora of Italy	3212
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:291320-2
The Plant List	kew-2464083
Open Tree Of Life	563129
Observations.org	7649
NCBI Taxonomy	97415
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000002947
Nature Serve	2.155715
IPNI	291320-2
iNaturalist	55760
GBIF	5331235
Freebase	/m/02_m8q
WisFlora	7738
EPPO	VIOAR
EOL	584594
Elurikkus	8201
Calflora (Californian flora)	8283
USDA GRIN	41691
Wikipedia	Viola_arvensis
Plantarium	40681

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Impact of novel herbicide based on synthetic auxins and ALS inhibitor on weed control

Grzanka M, Joniec A, Rogulski J, Sobiech Ł, Idziak R, Loryś B

Open Life Sci

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11049747
doi:	10.1515/biol-2022-0868
PMID:	38681726

Wild Edible Plants Used in Dalmatian Zagora (Croatia)

Ninčević Runjić T, Jug-Dujaković M, Runjić M, Łuczaj Ł

Plants (Basel)

11-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053949
doi:	10.3390/plants13081079
PMID:	38674488

In Vitro Sensitivity Test of Fusarium Species from Weeds and Non-Gramineous Plants to Triazole Fungicides

Matelionienė N, Žvirdauskienė R, Kadžienė G, Zavtrikovienė E, Supronienė S

Pathogens

10-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10892909
doi:	10.3390/pathogens13020160
PMID:	38392898

Manually annotated and curated Dataset of diverse Weed Species in Maize and Sorghum for Computer Vision

Genze N, Vahl WK, Groth J, Wirth M, Grieb M, Grimm DG

Sci Data

23-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10805845
doi:	10.1038/s41597-024-02945-6
PMID:	38263173

Influence of plant species, mycorrhizal inoculant, and soil phosphorus level on arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in onion and carrot roots

Ilyas U, du Toit LJ, Hajibabaei M, McDonald MR

Front Plant Sci

15-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10823018
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1324626
PMID:	38288412

Soil Seed Banks and Their Relation to Soil Properties in Hilly Landscapes

Skuodienė R, Matyžiūtė V, Šiaudinis G

Plants (Basel)

29-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10781063
doi:	10.3390/plants13010104
PMID:	38202412

Both long-term grasslands and crop diversity are needed to limit pest and weed infestations in agricultural landscapes

Perrot T, Rusch A, Gaba S, Bretagnolle V

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

27-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10710047
doi:	10.1073/pnas.2300861120
PMID:	38011572

Potential of Artemisia dubia Wall Biomass for Natural Crop Protection

Bakšinskaitė A, Tilvikiene V, Barčauskaitė K, Feizienė D

Plants (Basel)

02-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10650851
doi:	10.3390/plants12213750
PMID:	37960106

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Nutritional Composition, and Pharmacologic Application of Species of the Genus Viola in Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)

Batiha GE, Lukman HY, Shaheen HM, Wasef L, Hafiz AA, Conte-Junior CA, Al-Farga A, Chamba MV, Lawal B

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

31-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10630019
doi:	10.1155/2023/5406039
PMID:	37941895

The Dynamics of Sugar Maize (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) Infestation of Field Pansy (Viola arvensis)

Waligóra H, Majchrzak L, Zawieja B, Idziak R, Szulc P

Plants (Basel)

15-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10609947
doi:	10.3390/plants12203581
PMID:	37896044

Evaluation of seed‐dispersal services by ants at a temperate pasture: Results of direct observations in an ant suppression experiment

Konečná M, Lisner A, Blažek P, Pech P, Lepš J

Ecol Evol

29-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10541265
doi:	10.1002/ece3.10569
PMID:	37780093

Authentication of milk thistle commercial products using UHPLC-QTOF-ESI + MS metabolomics and DNA metabarcoding

Raclariu-Manolică AC, Mauvisseau Q, Paranaiba R, De Boer HJ, Socaciu C

BMC Complement Med Ther

21-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10360273
doi:	10.1186/s12906-023-04091-9
PMID:	37480124

Diversity of Mycotoxins Produced by Fusarium Strains Infecting Weeds

Janaviciene S, Venslovas E, Kadziene G, Matelioniene N, Berzina Z, Bartkevics V, Suproniene S

Toxins (Basel)

28-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10467119
doi:	10.3390/toxins15070420
PMID:	37505689

Distribution, Effect, and Control of Exotic Plants in Republic of Korea

Lim BS, Seok JE, Lim CH, Kim GS, Shin HC, Lee CS

Biology (Basel)

06-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10294914
doi:	10.3390/biology12060826
PMID:	37372111

Identification of natural peptides from “PlantPepDB” database as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents: A protein-protein docking approach

Bhandu P, Verma H, Raju B, Narendra G, Choudhary S, Singh M, Singh PK, Silakari O

Phytomed Plus

31-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10065049
doi:	10.1016/j.phyplu.2023.100446
PMID:	37033295

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Catechols
Catechol	289	Click to see C1=CC=C(C(=C1)O)O	110.11	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol	346	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
Arbutin	440936	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Ferulic acid	445858	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
Isoferulic acid	736186	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 4-hydroxycoumarins
Dicumarol	54676038	Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(C(=O)O2)CC3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4OC3=O)O)O	336.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
Luteolin	5280445	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	154497673	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9701485
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)chromen-4-one	3559211	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9701485
Violanthin	442665	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9701485
Violarvensin	44257717	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9701485
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Hyperoside	5281643	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	129010007	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=O)CC(OC4=C3)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)OC)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
Hesperidin	10621	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=O)CC(OC4=C3)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)OC)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
Ellagic Acid	5281855	Click to see C1=C2C3=C(C(=C1O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O	302.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11094-005-0104-1

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Viola arvensis

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top