Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Rheum palmatum, commonly known as Chinese rhubarb, has a long history of use as a purgative and digestive tonic in East Asian traditional medicine. In China, the roots are boiled into a decoction to treat constipation, abdominal pain, and to clear heat from the stomach; this practice is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020). Korean herbalists similarly employ a decoction of the dried roots to relieve chronic constipation and to promote bowel movement, as documented in the Korean Pharmacopoeia (2019). In Japan, the root is used in a decoction or as a macerated tincture to treat dyspepsia and to stimulate appetite, a use noted in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (2018). Across these cultures, the root is the primary material, and the preparation methods—decoction, maceration, or tincture—are all based on infusing the root in water or alcohol to extract the active compounds.

A simple, safe decoction can be made at home. Take 10 g of dried Rheum palmatum root and add it to 200 ml of boiling water. Let the mixture steep for 30 minutes, then strain and drink one cup. Repeat once more if a stronger laxative effect is desired, but do not exceed two cups in a single day. This dose is generally well tolerated in adults; however, the herb is contraindicated during pregnancy, in individuals with a history of bowel obstruction, and in those taking anticoagulants, because of its potent laxative and potential to alter drug absorption. If you have any chronic health conditions or are taking medication, consult a qualified practitioner before use.

The therapeutic effects of Rheum palmatum are largely attributed to its anthraquinone constituents, notably emodin, rhein, and aloe‑emodin, which stimulate intestinal motility and have mild laxative properties. Polysaccharides and tannins also contribute to the herb’s digestive benefits and help to reduce inflammation in the gut lining. These well‑established phytochemicals have been isolated and quantified in multiple phytochemical studies, providing a clear biochemical basis for the traditional uses described above.

Today, Rheum palmatum remains a staple in herbal pharmacies and is available as a standardized root extract or as a commercial laxative product. Ongoing research is exploring its anti‑inflammatory and anticancer potential, while traditional practitioners continue to rely on its proven efficacy for digestive disorders.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
• Stem or petiole: culinary vegetable; processed into pies, tarts, jams, preserves, compotes, and as a tart flavoring in beverages.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Petioles (stems) are used fresh or cooked to make desserts, sauces, and fruit-like preparations; also processed into jams, jellies, and beverages, typically sweetened to balance acidity and oxalic tartness. The rhizomes/roots are not used as food.

Colorants and tanning:
• Roots and rhizomes (rich in anthraquinones such as emodin and rhein; plus tannins) yield orange–brown to reddish-brown natural dyes for wool and other protein fibers; used with appropriate mordants to adjust tone and fastness. The high tannin content supports vegetable tanning of leather.

Properties relevant to use:
• The stems’ acidity is attributed to oxalic acid and organic acids; high soluble solids enable fruit-like applications after cooking or preservation. Roots contain anthraquinone glycosides and gallotannins/ellagitannins that provide substantive brown/orange dyes and tanning agents.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Rheum potaninii	Losinsk.	Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 78 (1937)
Rheum qinlingense	Y.K.Yang, D.K.Zhang & J.K.Wu	Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 12: 309 (1992)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	chinese rhubarb
English	turkey rhubarb
English	ornamental rhubarb
English	east indian rhubarb
Arabic	راوند كفي
Arabic	جذر الراوند
Arabic	رواند صيني
Azerbaijani	tanqut rəvəndi
Czech	reveň dlanitá
Welsh	rhiwbob addurniadol
German	zier-rhabarber
German	handlappiger rhabarber
German	handförmiger rhabarber
Estonian	kämmalrabarber
Persian	ریواس چینی
Finnish	koristeraparperi
Indonesian	kelembak cina
Italian	rabarbaro cinese
Polish	rzewień palczasty
Polish	rzewień chiński
Polish	rabarbar dłoniasty
Polish	rzewień dłoniasty
Russian	Ревень пальчатый
Russian	Ревень тангутский
Slovak	rebarbora okrasná
Swedish	flikrabarber
Thai	จางเยี่ยต้าหวาง
Turkish	ravent
Ukrainian	Ревінь пальчастий
Chinese	葵叶大黄
Chinese	掌叶大黄（北大黄）
Chinese	掌叶大黃
Chinese	掌叶大黄
Chinese	大黄茎
Chinese	大黄

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - Inner Mongolia
  - Qinghai
  - Tibet

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Vietnam

Europe click to expand
- Northern Europe
  - Great Britain

Southern America click to expand
- Western South America
  - Colombia

Links to other databases Top

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Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000404474
UNII	75P857ARCY
USDA Plants	RHPA7
Tropicos	26001864
Flora of Italy	395
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:696772-1
The Plant List	kew-2425567
Missouri Botanical Garden	285487
PFAF	Rheum palmatum
Open Tree Of Life	213379
Observations.org	137317
NCBI Taxonomy	137221
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000014878
IPNI	696772-1
iNaturalist	371577
GBIF	2888864
Freebase	/m/09djfw
EPPO	RHEPA
EOL	489443
Elurikkus	6787
USDA GRIN	31118
Wikipedia	Rheum_palmatum
CMAUP	NPO28024

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Potential Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Anti-Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Ding X, Ma X, Meng P, Yue J, Li L, Xu L

Clin Interv Aging

01-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11070163
doi:	10.2147/CIA.S447514
PMID:	38706635

Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for quality control of rhubarb in Taiwan’s markets

Au TT, Ho YL, Chang YS

Front Pharmacol

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11091417
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1364460
PMID:	38746013

Regulation of VEGF-A expression and VEGF-A-targeted therapy in malignant tumors

Kang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Li Z

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11061008
doi:	10.1007/s00432-024-05714-5
PMID:	38687357

Microbial communities of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. and the correlations between microbial community and the active secondary metabolites

Qin X, Pu H, Fang X, Shang Q, Li J, Zhao Q, Wang X, Gu W

PeerJ

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11057425
doi:	10.7717/peerj.17240
PMID:	38685939

Pharmacotherapy for Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars

Murakami T, Shigeki S

Int J Mol Sci

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11083137
doi:	10.3390/ijms25094674
PMID:	38731893

Da-Cheng-Qi decoction improves severe acute pancreatitis capillary leakage syndrome by regulating tight junction-associated proteins

Tu J, Jiang Y, Tu L, Chen Y, Pan L, Fan X, Tian J, Li J, Wang X, Fu H, Xu B, Feng D

Front Pharmacol

19-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11066215
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1138251
PMID:	38708079

Active metabolites combination therapies: towards the next paradigm for more efficient and more scientific Chinese medicine

Gao Q, Wu H, Chen M, Gu X, Wu Q, Xie T, Sui X

Front Pharmacol

18-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11063311
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1392196
PMID:	38698817

Bupleurum in Treatment of Depression Disorder: A Comprehensive Review

Ran S, Peng R, Guo Q, Cui J, Chen G, Wang Z

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

16-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054835
doi:	10.3390/ph17040512
PMID:	38675471

Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction as an adjuvant treatment for mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: A retrospective study

Zhang HF, Su ZX, Feng YH, Li SJ, Xie BY

World J Clin Cases

16-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11036510
doi:	10.12998/wjcc.v12.i11.1918
PMID:	38660541

Obacunone, a Promising Phytochemical Triterpenoid: Research Progress on Its Pharmacological Activity and Mechanism

Zhou Y, Gu J, Li J, Zhang H, Wang M, Li Y, Wang T, Wang J, Shi R

Molecules

15-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054759
doi:	10.3390/molecules29081791
PMID:	38675611

Shenshuai Yingyang Jiaonang ameliorates chronic kidney disease-associated muscle atrophy in rats by inhibiting ferroptosis mediated by the HIF-1α/SLC7A11 pathway

Ju L, Diao J, Zhang J, Dai F, Zhou H, Han Z, Hu R, Pei T, Wang F, He Z, Fu X, Wang M, Xiao W, Ma Y

Heliyon

15-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11043956
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29093
PMID:	38665562

The Water Extract of Rhubarb Prevents Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Gut Bacteria and Metabolic Pathways

Liu X, Wang Y, Tian Y, Hu J, Liu Z, Ma Y, Xu W, Wang W, Gao J, Wang T

Metabolites

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11052393
doi:	10.3390/metabo14040216
PMID:	38668344

A chromosome-level genome reveals genome evolution and molecular basis of anthraquinone biosynthesis in Rheum palmatum

Zhang T, Zhou L, Pu Y, Tang Y, Liu J, Yang L, Zhou T, Feng L, Wang X

BMC Plant Biol

10-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11005207
doi:	10.1186/s12870-024-04972-2
PMID:	38594606

Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: pathogenic role and therapeutic target

Zhao Z, Cui T, Wei F, Zhou Z, Sun Y, Gao C, Xu X, Zhang H

Front Oncol

02-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11022604
doi:	10.3389/fonc.2024.1367364
PMID:	38634048

MYC Oncogene: A Druggable Target for Treating Cancers with Natural Products

Chan KI, Zhang S, Li G, Xu Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Su H, Tan W, Zhong Z

Aging Dis

01-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10917530
doi:	10.14336/AD.2023.0520
PMID:	37450923

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Corynanthean-type alkaloids
methyl (1R,9S,11S,14Z,15S,19R)-14-ethylidene-19-formyl-18-oxa-2,12-diazahexacyclo[9.6.1.19,15.01,9.03,8.012,17]nonadeca-3,5,7-triene-19-carboxylate	10713935	Click to see CC=C1CN2C3CC1C(C45C3(NC6=CC=CC=C64)OC2C5)(C=O)C(=O)OC	366.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes
(10R)-1,8-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-10H-anthracen-9-one	12305763	Click to see	418.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone	122635	Click to see	256.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,8-Dihydroxy-3-(Hydroxymethyl)-10-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)-10H-Anthracen-9-One	313325	Click to see	418.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aloin	9866696	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C=C(C=C3O)CO	418.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aloin B	14989	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C=C(C=C3O)CO	418.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Anthrone	7018	Click to see	194.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Barbaloin	12305761	Click to see	418.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Palmidin A	5320384	Click to see	510.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Palmidin B	5320385	Click to see	494.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-013-6819-Z
Palmidin C	5320386	Click to see	494.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-013-6819-Z
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids
(9R)-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-9-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid	11972450	Click to see	594.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
(9S)-4-hydroxy-9-[(9R)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracen-9-yl]-10-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid	71312556	Click to see	848.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
(9S)-4,9-dihydroxy-10-oxo-9-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	11972448	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
[9,9'-Bianthracene]-2-carboxylic acid,5,5'-bis(b-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-4,4'-dihydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-10,10'-dioxo-, (9R,9'R)-rel-	12821233	Click to see	848.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
4-hydroxy-9,10-dioxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3-methoxy-3-oxopropanoyl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	163044751	Click to see COC(=O)CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC=CC3=C2C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O)O)O)O	546.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
4-hydroxy-9,10-dioxo-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	10343508	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O	446.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
4-Hydroxy-9,10-dioxo-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3-methoxy-3-oxopropanoyl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	163044750	Click to see COC(=O)CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC=CC3=C2C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O)O)O)O	546.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
4,4',5,5'-Tetrahydroxy-10,10'-dioxo-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro(9,9'-bianthracene)-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid	122839	Click to see	538.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
4,5-Dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxo-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid	3009664	Click to see	298.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
8-hydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	163186301	Click to see CC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4)O)O)O)C(=O)C5=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C5)O	590.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
8-Hydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3-phenylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	163005681	Click to see CC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4)O)O)O)C(=O)C5=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C5)O	590.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
9-[(9R)-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracen-9-yl]-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid	53486254	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O	862.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
9-[2-carboxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxalooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-9H-anthracen-9-yl]-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9H-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid	57357348	Click to see	934.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
9,10-dioxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	5320960	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O	608.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid	67030	Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3)C(=O)O	252.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Laccaic acid D	9883304	Click to see	314.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rheidin A	5320957	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C3O)O	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-013-6819-Z
Rheidin B	5320958	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)C(=O)O)C=CC=C3O	508.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rheidin C	5320959	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C3O)OC	538.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rhein	10168	Click to see	284.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1100044 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.1081/AL-120002371 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94500-X https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-34918
rhein 8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	5320961	Click to see	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Rhein-8-glucoside	14345558	Click to see	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Sennidin A	92826	Click to see	538.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sennidin B	10459879	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C3O)C(=O)O	538.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sennoside A	73111	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O	862.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.2198/SBK.34.357 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96359-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(84)90016-3
Sennoside A, analytical standard	16218404	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O	862.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sennoside B	91440	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)C(=O)O	862.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(84)90016-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96359-3 https://doi.org/10.2198/SBK.34.357 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322
Sennoside C	46173829	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)CO	848.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sennoside D	46173830	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2C5C6=C(C(=CC=C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C8=C5C=C(C=C8O)C(=O)O)C=C(C=C4O)CO	848.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
((2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(8-Hydroxy-6-Methyl-9,10-Dioxoanthracen-1-Yl)Oxyoxan-2-Yl)Methyl 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate	5315852	Click to see	568.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-8-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)anthracene-9,10-dione	13084798	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)OC	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
1-Hydroxyanthraquinone	8512	Click to see	224.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00827-4
1,8-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-9,10-dione	162903460	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
1,8-Dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-9,10-dione	162903459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-4a,9a-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione	24867638	Click to see	256.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone	2950	Click to see	240.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,8-Dimethoxy-3-methylanthracene-9,10-dione	189763	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=CC=C3OC	282.29	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147172/
3-(hydroxymethyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-9,10-dione	11972356	Click to see	594.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
8-((6-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methylanthraquinone	5320543	Click to see	608.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aloe emodin	10207	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1100044 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.1007/S12272-001-1218-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94500-X https://doi.org/10.1093/CARCIN/BGM143 https://doi.org/10.1002/MC.20652 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-34918
Aloe-emodin 8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	5317644	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Aloe-emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	14077415	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Aloe-emodin-glucoside	147295	Click to see C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)COC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Anthraquinone	6780	Click to see	208.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chrysophanein	6324923	Click to see	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80224-3
Chrysophanol	10208	Click to see	254.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chrysophanol-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside [M+H]+	4483734	Click to see	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Emodin 6-O-\|A-D-glucoside	5317038	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Physcion	10639	Click to see	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-34918 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94500-X https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1100044
Physcion 1-O-beta-D-glucoside	5319323	Click to see	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Physcion 8-gentiobioside	442762	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC	608.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Physcionin	4484071	Click to see	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80224-3
Pulmatin	442731	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=CC=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80224-3 https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
1,3,6-Trihydroxy-8-methylanthraquinone	12309204	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074562
2,6-Dihydroxyanthraquinone	6776	Click to see	240.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Alizarin	6293	Click to see	240.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Emodin	3220	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0077 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-1999-13953 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83621-5 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1100044 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94500-X https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0605 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BBRC.2009.10.153 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-34918 https://doi.org/10.1081/AL-120002371 https://doi.org/10.1007/S12272-001-1218-1 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
Emodin 1-glucoside	13084799	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Emodin 1-O-beta-D-glucoside	5319333	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Emodin-8-glucoside	99649	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Emodin(1-)	25201450	Click to see	269.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Glucofrangulin	318730	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.529612
Purpurin anthraquinone	6683	Click to see	256.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quinalizarin	5004	Click to see	272.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid	370	Click to see	170.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074562
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
[(5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	124024	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(O2)O)(COC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O	636.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-O-Galloylfructose	131752599	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)(COC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80217-6
1-O-Galloylglycerol	5317465	Click to see	244.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
1'-O-Galloylsucrose	14055559	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	494.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80217-6
4'-O-Galloylsucrose	14055553	Click to see	494.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80217-6
6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose	5317463	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)O)O	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80218-8
6-O-Galloyl-D-Glucose	128839	Click to see	332.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
CID 14055547	14055547	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(O2)(CO)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O	494.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80217-6
galloyl(-6)Hex(?1-2?)Hex2ulof	14055557	Click to see	494.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80217-6
Glucogallin	124375	Click to see	332.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Biphenyls and derivatives
Honokiol	72303	Click to see	266.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Magnolol	72300	Click to see C=CCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)CC=C)O	266.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthols and derivatives
Torachrysone	5321977	Click to see CC1=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2C(=C1C(=O)C)O)O)OC	246.26	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147172/
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
4-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone	21648	Click to see	164.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Monoradylglycerols / Monoacylglycerols / 1-monoacylglycerols
1-Monopalmitin	14900	Click to see	330.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aS,6aR,6bS,8aS,11R,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	46783814	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	46878350	Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C)C(=O)C=C6C3(CCC7(C6CC(CC7)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[(3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	45358130	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
29-Hydroxy-11,29-dioxoolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-hexopyranuronosylhexopyranosiduronic acid	3495	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
8a-O-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 4-O-methyl 2,8-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-6a,6b,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylate	11968767	Click to see	1253.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
alpha-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3beta,20beta)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-	16213698	Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C)C(=O)C=C6C3(CCC7(C6CC(CC7)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Glycyrrhizin	14982	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc177058	44260118	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Uralsaponin A	128229	Click to see	822.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Pregnane steroids / Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
(8S,10R,13S,17S)-17-acetyl-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	16401562	Click to see	314.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[4-(3-oxobutyl)phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	14345581	Click to see	478.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[4-(3-oxobutyl)phenoxy]oxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	14345583	Click to see	478.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
1-[1,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxynaphthalen-2-yl]ethanone	100753	Click to see CC1=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2C(=C1C(=O)C)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	394.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.60.241
11-hydroxy-4-methyl-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5H-benzo[h][2]benzoxepin-1-one	56931688	Click to see CC1=COC(=O)C2=C(C1)C=C3C=CC=C(C3=C2O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.60.241
4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone glucoside	22376357	Click to see	326.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
4-[4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]butan-2-one	10172008	Click to see	326.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-Acetyl-3,8-dihydroxy-6-methylnaphthalen-1-yl hexopyranoside	338716	Click to see	394.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.60.241
gallic acid 4-O-beta-D-(6'-O-galloy)glucoside	11972354	Click to see	484.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isolindleyin	10390322	Click to see CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O	478.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
Lindleyin	42994	Click to see CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O	478.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
Raspberryketone glucoside	5320521	Click to see	326.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581
Torachrysone 8-glucoside	14345578	Click to see	408.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.60.241
Torachrysone 8-O-Glucoside	11972479	Click to see	408.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.60.241
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	11972309	Click to see	310.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols
Sorbitol	5780	Click to see	182.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives
Physovenine	442113	Click to see	262.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthofurans
methyl (6S,7R,8S,10S,14S,16R,22R,23R,25S)-7,14,23-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-6,16,22-trimethyl-25-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]oxy-3,9,11,17,20-pentaoxaoctacyclo[17.6.1.18,15.01,5.06,18.07,16.010,14.022,26]heptacos-12-ene-4-carboxylate	24893812	Click to see	696.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acids
Cinnamic acid	444539	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O	148.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Cinnamic acid	5372954	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O	148.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives
3-[(E)-3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-5-hydroxy-3,4-dihydropyran-2-one	5320968	Click to see	276.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see	180.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Caffeic acid	1549111	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
Ferulic Acid	445858	Click to see	194.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Depsides and depsidones
(3R,5R)-4-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxybenzoyl]oxy-1-hydroxy-3,5-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid	442676	Click to see	800.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
(3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-8-[(3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	101236698	Click to see	1155.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	5320714	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=C(C(=C2)O)C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O	730.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,1'-((2R,2'R,3R,3'R,4S)-2,2'-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,3',4,4'-tetrahydro-5,5',7,7'-tetrahydroxy(4,6'-bi-2H-1-benzopyran)-3,3'-diyl) bis(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate)	3086518	Click to see	882.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,3'-Digalloylprocyanidin B2	124016	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8)O)O)O	882.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Procyanidin B	130556	Click to see	578.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
procyanidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate	12795894	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8)O)O)O	882.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
procyanidin B2 3'-O-gallate	15593124	Click to see	730.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
(-)-Catechol	73160	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Epicatechin	182232	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol	1203	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1503
Catechin Pentaacetate	5315742	Click to see	500.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epicatechin	72276	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epicatechin Pentaacetate	5317058	Click to see	500.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
l-Epicatechol	255538	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Catechin gallates
(-)-Catechin gallate	6419835	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O	442.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(-)-Epicatechin gallate	107905	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O	442.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Catechin 3-Gallate	5276454	Click to see	442.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-013-6819-Z
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxychroman-3-Yl 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate	367141	Click to see	442.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epicatechin-3-Gallate	65056	Click to see	442.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
(2R)-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	12309543	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O	306.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols
Flavan-3-ol	3707243	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC=CC=C21)C3=CC=CC=C3)O	226.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
7-Hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-olate	25200543	Click to see	253.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Baicalein	5281605	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)O)O	270.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
Baicalin	64982	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O	446.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oroxindin	3084961	Click to see	460.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oroxylin A glucoronide	14655552	Click to see	460.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-chroman-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol	10343835	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O	452.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
(2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	5284651	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S)-7-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	5351463	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-((2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2S)-	4441	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-[[2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (S)-	91740219	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=CC(=C4C(=O)CC(OC4=C3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	45358136	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=CC(=C4C(=O)CC(OC4=C3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	74787988	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-[[2-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	25075	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
GlyTouCan:G16024FK	6710627	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Hesperetin-7-Rutinoside	3594	Click to see	610.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Hesperidin	10621	Click to see	610.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Naringin	442428	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc137816	45933923	Click to see	580.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Hydroxyflavonoids / 7-hydroxyflavonoids
(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol	44445800	Click to see	288.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans
1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one	11602329	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC	328.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962322 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83621-5 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2008-1074581 https://doi.org/10.1081/AL-120002371 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-34918 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94500-X https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1100044
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes
3,3',5-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxystilbene	53394021	Click to see	258.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,3',5'-Tri-O-methylpiceatannol	5809575	Click to see	286.32	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,5-Dimethoxystilbene	5316874	Click to see	240.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(Z)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol	10879760	Click to see	258.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chiricanine A	11087176	Click to see	280.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chiricanine C	10893817	Click to see	362.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cis-Resveratrol	1548910	Click to see	228.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Stilbene	5356785	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2	180.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Desoxyrhapontigenin	6255462	Click to see	242.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Longistylin C	6446720	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=C(C=C1OC)O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2)C	294.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Longistyline D	18546463	Click to see	348.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Piceatannol	667639	Click to see	244.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Resveratrol	445154	Click to see	228.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rhapontigenin	5320954	Click to see	258.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
trans-Stilbene	638088	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2	180.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes / Stilbene glycosides
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5-hydroxy-3-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	5321886	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C(C(=CC(=C2)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	568.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
(Z)-Rhaponticin	101535997	Click to see	420.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-{3-Hydroxy-5-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenoxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	4430533	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50076A034
Desoxyrhaponticin	5316606	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50076A034
Npc234689	25579167	Click to see	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Piceatannol 3'-O-glucoside	11968990	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	406.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Polydatin	5281718	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00341-1
Rhaponticin	637213	Click to see	420.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1081/AL-120002371 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00341-1 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50076A034
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1-O-galloyl-2-O-cinnamoyl-beta-d-glucose	129850283	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)CO)O)O	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80218-8
1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose	440221	Click to see	484.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1,6-di-O-galloyl-2-O-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucose	6325082	Click to see	614.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-D-Glucopyranose, 2-((2E)-3-phenyl-2-propenoate) 1-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate)	5315898	Click to see	462.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-Glucogallin	124021	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80218-8

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Rheum palmatum

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