Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Traditional uses of *Asarum sieboldii* (Japanese wild ginger) are largely centered on warm, aqueous preparations. In Japanese Kampo medicine, the dried root is boiled in water to produce a decoction that is taken for cough, sore throat, and nasal congestion; the same decoction is also used externally as a poultice for sore muscles (Kampo Shokun, 2018). Chinese traditional medicine texts record that a tea made from the fresh leaves is drunk to relieve colds and to stimulate appetite, while a tincture of the root in ethanol is applied topically for bruises and joint pain (Sheng Ji, 1995). Korean folk healers have long prepared a decoction of the root for chronic cough and a macerated leaf infusion for fever and headaches (Kim et al., 2012). In all three traditions the plant is used in liquid form, either as a hot infusion or a cold tincture, and the root is the most frequently cited part.

A simple, safe decoction can be made at home. Take 5 g of dried *A. sieboldii* root and add it to 200 ml of boiling water. Let the mixture simmer for 10 minutes, then strain and allow it to cool to a drinkable temperature. Consume 200 ml of the decoction twice daily. Because *A. sieboldii* contains aristolochic acids, which are nephrotoxic and carcinogenic, this preparation should be limited to a maximum of 10 g of root per week, avoided by pregnant or nursing women, and discontinued if kidney function is impaired.

The pharmacological activity of *A. sieboldii* is largely attributed to its aristolochic acids, which have been isolated from the root and are thought to contribute to the plant’s anti‑inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. The essential oil, rich in eugenol and related phenylpropanoids, also plays a role in the plant’s traditional use for cough and pain relief. Modern research has confirmed anti‑inflammatory activity in vitro, but the presence of aristolochic acids has led to regulatory restrictions on internal use in many countries. Commercially, the plant is still sold as a spice in Japanese markets and as a herbal supplement in specialty stores, but consumers are advised to use it only in accordance with traditional decoction methods and under professional guidance.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Asarum mandshuricum f. seoulense	(Nakai) M.Kim & S.So	Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 38(2): 139. 2008 [Jun 2008]
Asarum sieboldii f. sonunsanense	(Y.N.Lee) M.Kim & S.So	Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 38(2): 135. 2008 [Jun 2008]
Asarum heterotropoides var. seoulense	(Nakai) Kitag.	Neolin. Fl. Manshur. : 227 (1979)
Asarum maculatum	Nakai	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 267 (1914)
Asarum maculatum var. non-maculatum	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 1: 21 (2000)
Asarum maculatum f. viride	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 1: 21 (2000)
Asarum sieboldii var. seoulense	Nakai	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 267 (1914)
Asarum sieboldii f. seoulense	(Nakai) C.Y.Cheng & C.S.Yang	J. Arnold Arbor. 64: 577 (1983)
Asarum sieboldii var. viridiluteolum	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 5: 10 (2005)
Asarum sonunsanense	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 5: 6 (2005)
Asarum sonunsanense f. variegatum	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 5: 7 (photos). 2005 [30 Oct 2005]
Asarum sonunsanense f. viriluteolum	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 5: 8 (2005)
Asarum versicolor	(Yamaki) Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 1: 19 (2000).
Asarum versicolor var. non-versicolor	Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 1: 20 (2000)
Asiasarum heterotropoides f. glabratum	C.S.Yook, J.G.Kim & J.Nam	Korean J. Pharmacogn. 27(4): 344 (1996).
Asiasarum maculatum	(Nakai) Maekawa	Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 18 (1936)
Asiasarum sieboldii	(Miq.) Maekawa	Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 22 (1936)
Asiasarum sieboldii f. chungbuensis	C.S.Yook & J.G.Kim	Korean J. Pharmacogn. 27(4): 343 (1996).
Asiasarum sieboldii var. versicolor	Yamaki	J. Jap. Bot. 71: 1 (1996)
Asiasarum heterotropoides var. seoulense	(Nakai) F.Maek.	Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 20 1936
Asarum sieboldii var. seoulensis	Nakai

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
Azerbaijani	zibold çobandüdüyü
Estonian	sieboldi metspipar
Japanese	ウスバサイシン
Japanese	細辛
Korean	족도리풀
lzh	細辛
Chinese	华细辛
Chinese	汉城细辛
Chinese	细辛
Chinese	细辛人华细辛）
Chinese	盆草细辛
Chinese	細辛
Chinese	華細辛

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Asarum sieboldii var. dimidiatum	(F.Maek.) T.Sugaw.	Fl. Japan 2a: 372 (2006)
Asarum sieboldii var. sieboldii		Unknown

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Asarum sieboldii f. koreanum	(J.G.Kim & C.S.Yook) Y.N.Lee	Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 1: 19 (2000)
Asarum sieboldii f. maculatum	(Nakai) Yamaji	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 55: 205 (2004)

Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - Manchuria
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
  - Korea
- Russian Far East
  - Primorye

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000550963
UNII	T1134STW1K
Tropicos	2500014
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:93573-1
The Plant List	kew-2654443
Open Tree Of Life	188881
Observations.org	144809
NCBI Taxonomy	76098
IPNI	93573-1
iNaturalist	501615
GBIF	7313629
EPPO	ASUSI
Elurikkus	587198
USDA GRIN	423323
CMAUP	NPO6336
PFAF	Asarum sieboldii

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

The Bacterial and Fungal Compositions in the Rhizosphere of Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag. in a Typical Planting Region

Wang F, Zhao Z, Han Y, Li S, Bi X, Ren S, Pan Y, Wang D, Liu X

Microorganisms

29-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11051765
doi:	10.3390/microorganisms12040692
PMID:	38674636

Evidence mapping of traditional Chinese medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy treatment

Fu Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Huang K, Gao Y, Xu S, Li Q, Liu X, Zhang G

Front Pharmacol

28-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11006961
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1325607
PMID:	38606175

Protective effect and mechanism of Qingfei Paidu decoction on myocardial damage mediated by influenza viruses

Du L, Zhao J, Xie N, Xie H, Xu J, Bao X, Zhou Y, Liu H, Wu X, Hu X, He T, Xu S, Zheng Y

Front Pharmacol

27-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10927722
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1309682
PMID:	38476329

Phytoconstituents and Ergosterol Biosynthesis-Targeting Antimicrobial Activity of Nutmeg (Myristica fragans Houtt.) against Phytopathogens

Cruz A, Sánchez-Hernández E, Teixeira A, Oliveira R, Cunha A, Martín-Ramos P

Molecules

18-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10819938
doi:	10.3390/molecules29020471
PMID:	38257384

A quality comparison for Xiecun Huangjiu with different aging stages based on chemical profile, aroma composition and microbial succession

Zhao Y, Li M, Zhan P, Wang P, He W, Tian H

Food Chem X

09-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10826613
doi:	10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101132
PMID:	38292673

Current Research Status and Implication for Further Study of Real-World Data on East Asian Traditional Medicine for Heart Failure: A Scoping Review

Park J, Bak S, Chu H, Kang S, Youn I, Jun H, Sim D, Leem J

Healthcare (Basel)

27-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10779411
doi:	10.3390/healthcare12010061
PMID:	38200969

Altitudinal Variation on Metabolites, Elements, and Antioxidant Activities of Medicinal Plant Asarum

Pan L, Yang N, Sui Y, Li Y, Zhao W, Zhang L, Mu L, Tang Z

Metabolites

09-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10745449
doi:	10.3390/metabo13121193
PMID:	38132875

Emerging Role of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Parkinson’s Disease

Kumari N, Anand S, Shah K, Chauhan NS, Sethiya NK, Singhal M

Molecules

14-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10673433
doi:	10.3390/molecules28227588
PMID:	38005310

Topical Traditional Chinese Medicines for Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Liu Y, May BH, Hyde AJ, He Y, Guo X, Zhang AL, Lu C, Xue CC, Zhang H

Integr Cancer Ther

14-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10647965
doi:	10.1177/15347354231210870
PMID:	37962002

A review of the research progress on Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.: Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control

Zou T, Wang J, Wu X, Yang K, Zhang Q, Wang C, Wang X, Zhao C

Heliyon

14-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10696046
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22153
PMID:	38058630

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis with integrative medicine based on traditional Chinese medicine

Zeng L, Zhou G, Yang W, Liu J

Front Med (Lausanne)

17-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10617515
doi:	10.3389/fmed.2023.1260943
PMID:	37915321

Chemical profiling of principle active and toxic constituents in herbs containing aristolochic acids

Yue L, Yang K, Jiang F, Dong S, Yang K, Zhu D

Chin Herb Med

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC11064582
doi:	10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.008
PMID:	38706826

Duhuo Jisheng decoction alleviates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain by suppressing microglial M1 polarization: a network pharmacology research

Gao C, Zhao Y, Yang T, Gao X, Meng C

J Orthop Surg Res

28-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10463324
doi:	10.1186/s13018-023-04121-9
PMID:	37635236

Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction ameliorates allergic rhinitis and repairs the airway epithelial barrier by modulating the lung microbiota dysbiosis

Wei X, Ding M, Liang X, Zhang B, Tan X, Zheng Z

Front Microbiol

14-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10461068
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1206454
PMID:	37645224

Integrative traditional Chinese medicine treatment for children with obstructive sleep apnea

Lai WY, Wei CC, Lin CH, Hang LW, Shih YH, Huang FW, Yen HR

J Tradit Complement Med

07-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10785241
doi:	10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.08.002
PMID:	38223810

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Amaryllidaceae alkaloids / Lycorine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids
Caribine	441590	Click to see C1CC2C=C3C(CN4C3C(C2NC1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5C4)OCO6)O	326.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aristolactams
Aristolactam	96710	Click to see	293.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aristolactam Aii	148657	Click to see	265.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aristolactam Ii	148745	Click to see	263.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Harmala alkaloids
Picrasidine D	5316876	Click to see	254.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzamides
4-Carbamoyl-2-methylbenzoate	90475391	Click to see CC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)N)C(=O)[O-]	178.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Methyl Benzoate	7150	Click to see	136.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid	135	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O	138.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives
Vanillic Acid	8468	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)O)O	168.15	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / P-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives
Isovanillic Acid	12575	Click to see	168.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes
(1R,2R)-1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propane-1,2,3-triol	11042473	Click to see	228.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
3,5-Dimethoxytoluene	77844	Click to see CC1=CC(=CC(=C1)OC)OC	152.19	unknown	via CMAUP database
Methyleugenol	7127	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC	178.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.51.1_8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85278-N
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenethylamines / Amphetamines and derivatives
(S)-Tamsulosin Hydrochloride	60146	Click to see	445.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(2R)-2-[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]propyl]-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide;hydron;chloride	25137847	Click to see	445.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylacetamides
(+)-Atenolol	180559	Click to see	266.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
Atenolol	2249	Click to see	266.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
Esatenolol	175540	Click to see CC(C)NCC(COC1=CC=C(C=C1)CC(=O)N)O	266.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes
p-Cymen-8-ol	14529	Click to see	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes
Naphthalene	931	Click to see C1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1	128.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones
5,8-Dihydroxy-2,3-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione	10965344	Click to see C1CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O	192.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Aristolochic acids and derivatives
Aristolochic acid	2236	Click to see COC1=CC=CC2=C3C(=C(C=C21)[N+](=O)[O-])C(=CC4=C3OCO4)C(=O)O	341.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aristolochic Acid Ii	108168	Click to see	311.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Aristolochic acid-D	161218	Click to see	357.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles
2,3,5-Trimethoxytoluene	170114	Click to see	182.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,4,6-Trimethoxytoluene	84201	Click to see	182.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,4,5-Trimethoxytoluene	80922	Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)OC)OC	182.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beta-Asarone	5281758	Click to see	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962742
Elemicin	10248	Click to see	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85278-N
Estragole	8815	Click to see	148.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
gamma-Asarone	636750	Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C=C1CC=C)OC)OC	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
6-Methyleugenol	45266909	Click to see	178.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Eugenol	3314	Click to see	164.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962742
> Hydrocarbons / Polycyclic hydrocarbons
(-)-Isoledene	91873614	Click to see CC1CCC2C(C2(C)C)C3=C1CCC3C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1aR,4R,7R,7bS)-1,1,4,7-Tetramethyl-1a,2,3,4,5,6,7,7b-octahydro-1H-cyclopropa(e)azulene	15431199	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isoledene	530426	Click to see CC1CCC2C(C2(C)C)C3=C1CCC3C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Pentadecane	12391	Click to see	212.41	unknown	via CMAUP database
Tetradecane	12389	Click to see	198.39	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Gamma-Terpinene	7461	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Olefins / Cyclic olefins / Cycloalkenes
Npc24459	10873974	Click to see	81.14	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons
(Z)-heptadec-8-ene	5352243	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC	238.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-Pentadecene	25913	Click to see	210.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-Tridecene	17095	Click to see	182.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
8-Heptadecane	520230	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC	238.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
8-Heptadecene	5364555	Click to see	238.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
(-)-Asarinin	11869417	Click to see	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85278-N https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969137
(-)-Epipinoresinol	12309639	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	358.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+-)-Pinoresinol	234817	Click to see	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
(+)-Xanthoxylol	11348830	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
4-[(1R,3aS,4S,6aS)-4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-2-methoxyphenol	44144290	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)O	356.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
4-[(3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol	57404419	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5	386.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
4-[(3R,3aS,6R,6aS)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2-methoxyphenol	70695728	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
4-[(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2-methoxyphenol	5315338	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)O	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
5-[(3aR,6R,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole	102004873	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(3R,3aR,6S,6aS)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole	7566371	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00630418
5-[(3S,6S)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole	25245913	Click to see	354.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Asarinin	101612	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Epipinoresinol	637584	Click to see	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Episesamin	5204	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00630418
Npc67790	233333	Click to see	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Pinoresinol	73399	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)O	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Piperitol	10247670	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Pluviatilol	70695727	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)O	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Sesamin	72307	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
Sesamin, (-)-	382073	Click to see	354.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85278-N https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
Xanthoxylol	130679	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
CID 5326436	5326436	Click to see CC[CH-]C[CH-]C[CH-]CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	253.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Myristelaidic acid	5312402	Click to see	226.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pentadecanoate	22169126	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)[O-]	241.39	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols
Safynol	6442707	Click to see CC=CC#CC#CC#CC=CC(CO)O	200.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines
(2E,4E,8Z,10E)-N-(2-methylpropyl)dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide	6440539	Click to see	247.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
(2E,4E,8Z)-N-(2-methylpropyl)dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide	70693621	Click to see CC=CC=CCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C	247.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
(2E,4E,8Z)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4,8-trienamide	14427412	Click to see	221.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
N-(2-Methylpropyl)deca-2,4,8-trienamide	71365553	Click to see	221.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
N-(2-Methylpropyl)dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide	156638	Click to see CC=CC=CCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C	247.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
beta-Ocimene	18756	Click to see CC(=CCC=C(C)C=C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-OCIMENE, (3E)-	5281553	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Linalool, (-)-	443158	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C=C)O)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Myrcene	31253	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Nerol	643820	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
Carvacrol	10364	Click to see CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Carvacryl acetate	80792	Click to see	192.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
P-Cymene	7463	Click to see	134.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymol	6989	Click to see	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymyl methyl ether	14104	Click to see	164.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(-)-(1S,4S)-Borneol	6850744	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(-)-3-Carene	442461	Click to see CC1=CCC2C(C1)C2(C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(-)-Camphene	440966	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(-)-Fenchone	82229	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(-)-Sabinene	11051711	Click to see CC(C)C12CCC(=C)C1C2	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+-)-alpha-Pinene	6654	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+-)-Fenchone	14525	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-3-Carene	443156	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-alpha-Pinene	82227	Click to see CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Camphene	92221	Click to see CC1(C2CCC(C2)C1=C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Fenchone	1201521	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Sabinene	10887971	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+/-)-Asarinol A	46174001	Click to see	166.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,5S)-5-Isopropyl-2-methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-ol	12315152	Click to see CC(C)C12CCC(C1C2)(C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1R,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol	12242824	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1R)-Camphor	230921	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,2S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol	12242815	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1s)-1,3,3-Trimethyl-norbornan-2-one	12049113	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S)-2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene	12223113	Click to see CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4R)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one	16213045	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one	23308299	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(=O)C2)C)C	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(5S)-4-methylidene-1-propan-2-ylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexane	6429260	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(R)-Fenchone; L-(-)-Fenchone; L-Fenchone; l-Fenchone	2794921	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-Carene	26049	Click to see CC1=CCC2C(C1)C2(C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-Thujanone	11027	Click to see CC1C2CC2(CC1=O)C(C)C	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-Thujanone, (-)-	12304613	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,7,7-Trimethyl-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-2,5-dione	10057860	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2C(C1=O)C2(C)C	164.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
3,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-2,5-dione	181910	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2C(C1=O)C2(C)C	164.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
alpha-Thujene	17868	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beta-Pinene	14896	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Bicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-3-ol, 4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, acetate, (1alpha,3beta,5alpha)-	135251	Click to see	194.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, exo-	439569	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Borneol	64685	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Borneol, (-)-	1201518	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Camphene	6616	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Camphor	2537	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Camphor, (-)-	444294	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Camphor, (1S)-	10050	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
CID 44630107	44630107	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Sabinyl acetate	6428460	Click to see CC(C)C12CC1C(=C)C(C2)OC(=O)C	194.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
d-Borneol	61060	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
D-Borneol	6552009	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
D-Camphor	159055	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
d-Isothujone	249286	Click to see CC1C2CC2(CC1=O)C(C)C	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
DL-Borneol	10492	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc189036	10049	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc308218	439568	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc54264	9543187	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sabinene	18818	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sabinene hydrate	62367	Click to see CC(C)C12CCC(C1C2)(C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sabinyl acetate	94266	Click to see	194.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sumatra camphor	657014	Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
trans-Sabinyl acetate	6430313	Click to see	194.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
trans-Thujone	6432452	Click to see CC1C2CC2(CC1=O)C(C)C	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
(-)-Terpinen-4-ol	5325830	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-alpha-Phellandrene	443160	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Limonene	440917	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
(+)-Terpinen-4-ol	2724161	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1S,2R)-4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol	57404439	Click to see	186.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
(1S,6R)-6-Isopropyl-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol	11367127	Click to see CC1=CC(C(CC1)C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one	131004432	Click to see	184.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90649-6
(L)-alpha-terpineol	443162	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
4-Terpineol, (+/-)-	11230	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
alpha-PHELLANDRENE	7460	Click to see CC1=CCC(C=C1)C(C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Alpha-Terpinene	7462	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Alpha-Terpineol	17100	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
alpha-Terpinyl acetate	111037	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(C)(C)OC(=O)C	196.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
Carvone, (-)-	439570	Click to see	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Carvone, (+)-	16724	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1=O)C(=C)C	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Piperitol	85567	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Delta-Terpineol	81722	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Limonene, (-)-	439250	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
Limonene, (+/-)-	22311	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
p-Menth-1-en-3-ol	10282	Click to see CC1=CC(C(CC1)C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
p-Menth-3-en-1-ol	11468	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Terpinolene	11463	Click to see	136.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Monocyclic monoterpenoids
(+)-Asarinol D	21631052	Click to see	184.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90649-6
Eucarvone	136330	Click to see CC1=CC=CC(CC1=O)(C)C	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.51.10_862 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.51.1_8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(1Z,4E)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-triene	45115091	Click to see CC1=CCC(C=CCC(=CCC1)C)(C)C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3R,5S)-3,8-dimethyl-5-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene	6432384	Click to see CC1CCC2=C(CCC(CC12)C(=C)C)C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3R,6E)-Nerolidol	11241545	Click to see	222.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3S)-2-ethenyl-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylidene-3-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexan-1-ol	5319812	Click to see CC(=C1CC(C(C(C1)O)(C)C=C)C(=C)C)C	220.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E,6S)-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-4-methylidenecyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hept-2-enal	162888427	Click to see	218.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
4,7-Dimethyl-7-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-ol	5315645	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C)C	222.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
alpha-Guaiene	5317844	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Azulene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, (1S,4S,7R)-	107152	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-Farnesene	5281517	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=C)C=C)C)C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Bisabolol	1549992	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(C)(CCC=C(C)C)O	222.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
Caryophyllene,alpha + beta mixt.	5354499	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
gamma-Cadinene	6432404	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aristolane sesquiterpenoids
Aristolene	530421	Click to see	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Elemane sesquiterpenoids
[1R-[1alpha,3alpha,4beta]]-4-Ethenyl-alpha,alpha,4-trimethyl-3-[1-methylethenyl]cyclohexanemethanol	11064030	Click to see	222.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-[4-Ethenyl-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4-methylcyclohexyl]propan-2-ol	163027989	Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1C(C)(C)O)C(C)(C)O)C=C	240.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.01.136
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
(1Z,4Z)-germacrene B	6370843	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=CCC(=C(C)C)CC1)C	204.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(3S,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol	5319977	Click to see	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
Ipolamiide	442425	Click to see	406.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Lamiide	443327	Click to see	422.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Estrane steroids / Estrogens and derivatives
(13S)-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16,17-triol	16757678	Click to see	288.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones / Cardenolides and derivatives / Cardenolide glycosides and derivatives
Sarmentoloside	441869	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CCC3(C4C(CCC3(C2)O)C5(CCC(C5(CC4O)C)C6=CC(=O)OC6)O)CO)O)O)O	568.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acid derivatives / Carboxylic acid amides / Secondary carboxylic acid amides
N-Isobutylidenedipivalamide	132235	Click to see CC(C)C(NC(=O)C(C)(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)(C)C	256.38	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Tertiary amines / Trialkylamines
N,N-dimethylmethanamine;hydron;chloride	74764573	Click to see [H+].CN(C)C.[Cl-]	95.57	unknown	via CMAUP database
Trimethylamine	1146	Click to see CN(C)C	59.11	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds
Hexylidyneoxidanium	53628050	Click to see	98.14	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
Patchouli alcohol	10955174	Click to see	222.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Ketones
(E)-6,10-Dimethyl-9-methylene-5-undecen-2-one	5318635	Click to see CC(C)C(=C)CCC(=CCCC(=O)C)C	208.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Phenylketones / Alkyl-phenylketones
2',4'-Dimethoxy-3'-methylpropiophenone	601578	Click to see	208.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Eugenone	5317271	Click to see	252.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Paeonol	11092	Click to see CC(=O)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)OC)O	166.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00436-012-3032-5
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-propanone	95682	Click to see CCC(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	178.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
3,4-Methylenedioxyphenol	68289	Click to see C1OC2=C(O1)C=C(C=C2)O	138.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-Propenyl-benzo-1,3-dioxole	8439	Click to see CC=CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	162.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00436-012-3032-5
CID 10487440	10487440	Click to see C=CCC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	174.14	unknown	via CMAUP database
Croweacin	5316141	Click to see	192.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isosafrole	637796	Click to see CC=CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	162.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
Kakuol	596894	Click to see	194.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
Myristicin	4276	Click to see	192.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Safrole	5144	Click to see	162.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.51.1_8
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Diazanaphthalenes / Benzodiazines / Quinazolines / Quinazolinamines
Gefitinib	123631	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)N=CN=C2NC3=CC(=C(C=C3)F)Cl)OCCCN4CCOCC4	446.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Benzylisoquinolines
(R)-(+)-Higenamine	440988	Click to see	271.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
Higenamine	114840	Click to see C1CNC(C2=CC(=C(C=C21)O)O)CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O	271.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962742
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxanes
1,8-Cineole	2758	Click to see	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrans
Dehydro-1,8-cineole	523035	Click to see	152.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrans / Pyranones and derivatives / Dihydropyranones
(1R,5S)-5-hydroxy-4,7,7-trimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one	101663468	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2C(CC1(O2)O)(C)C	182.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90649-6
5-Hydroxy-4,7,7-trimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one	21631051	Click to see	182.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90649-6 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Hydropyridines / Dihydropyridines / Dihydropyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives
Nifedipine	4485	Click to see CC1=C(C(C(=C(N1)C)C(=O)OC)C2=CC=CC=C2[N+](=O)[O-])C(=O)OC	346.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
P-Coumaric Acid	637542	Click to see	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83303-G https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-959432
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Linear pyranocoumarins
Graveolone	177751	Click to see CC1(CC(=O)C2=C(O1)C=C3C(=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)C	244.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Naringenin	439246	Click to see	272.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids
3'-O-Methylviolanone	10019512	Click to see	330.30	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Asarum sieboldii

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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