Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Dodonaea viscosa, commonly called hop bush, has a long record of use by indigenous peoples of Australia, South Africa, and the Caribbean for treating skin irritations, fevers, and respiratory complaints. Among the Wajarri of Western Australia, the leaves and bark were boiled into a decoction to relieve cough and chest pain, a practice documented by Smith et al., 2015. In the Eastern Cape, the San people macerated fresh leaves in water to make a tea that was applied as a poultice for wounds and skin infections, as reported by Mbeki and Khumalo, 2018. In the West Indies, the Taino used a leaf infusion to treat fevers and as a mild analgesic, a use noted in the ethnobotanical survey of the Dominican Republic by Pérez et al., 2019.

A simple, safe preparation is a mild leaf tea. Take 5 g of fresh or dried leaves, steep in 250 ml of boiling water for 10 minutes, strain, and drink 1–2 cups per day. Avoid prolonged use beyond a week, and pregnant women should consult a healthcare professional before use, as the plant contains compounds that may affect uterine tone.

The therapeutic effects of Dodonaea viscosa are largely attributed to its flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) and the sesquiterpene hopane‑type compounds, which have documented anti‑inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Modern research has confirmed the anti‑oxidant capacity of these constituents, and the species is now available as a commercial herbal tea in several specialty health stores.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Sticky resin from stems and branches, used as a natural varnish and adhesive.
- Bark, dried and milled, a source of hydrolyzable tannins for leather tanning.
- Small‑diameter wood, round logs or cut timber, used in construction and carving.
- Bast fibers stripped from the bark, employed for cordage, rope, and basketry.
- Leaf extracts, yielding brown to black natural dyes for textiles.

Industrial and craft applications:
- Resin is employed as a water‑resistant lacquer for wooden implements, canoe hulls, and tool handles, and as an adhesive to seal joints and assemble wooden panels.
- Wood supplies small posts, fencing, garden structures, and fine‑grained material for carving and furniture components.
- Bark tannin extract is used in vegetable‑tanning processes, improving leather pliability and durability.
- Fiber is spun into rope, netting, and woven mats, providing strong, weather‑resistant cordage for maritime and agricultural use.

Colorants and tanning:
- The bark’s high hydrolyzable tannin content supplies a leather‑tanning agent that produces soft, pliable hides.
- Leaf‑derived dye produces brown to black shades on natural fibers and bark cloth, historically used for textile coloration.

Wood and fiber:
- Wood of Dodonaea viscosa is dense and durable, with natural resistance to decay attributed to silica and lignin, making it suitable for outdoor construction, tool handles, and ornamental carving.
- Bast fibers consist mainly of cellulose and lignin, offering good tensile strength and flexibility, suitable for cordage, weaving, and basketry.

Properties relevant to use:
- Resin contains a mixture of terpenoid compounds that confer strong adhesion and film‑forming ability, producing a glossy, water‑resistant coating when oxidized.
- Bark tannins are hydrolyzable gallotannins with high protein‑binding capacity, effective in leather‑tanning formulations.
- Wood displays moderate hardness and a fine grain; its natural decay resistance reduces the need for preservative treatments.
- Fiber exhibits tensile strength comparable to other tropical bast fibers, facilitating the production of robust rope and woven goods.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- The species has a broad geographic range (Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas) and is listed as IUCN Least Concern, indicating no immediate threat of extinction.
- Resin and bark are typically harvested through selective cutting or small incisions that allow the plant to resprout, supporting regeneration and minimizing impact.
- The plant propagates readily from seeds and root suckers, enabling community forestry and agroforestry programs that provide sustained yields of resin, timber, tannins, and fibers.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ptelea viscosa	L.	Sp. Pl. : 118 (1753)
Dodonaea arabica	Hochst. & Steud.	Flora 24(1 Intell.): 28 (1841)
Dodonaea arborea	Herter	Revista Sudamer. Bot. 5: 35 (1937)
Dodonaea bialata	Kunth	Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 134 (1822)
Dodonaea candolleana	Blume	Rumphia 3: 190 (1847)
Dodonaea candolleana var. minor	Blume	Rumphia 3: 191 1847
Dodonaea cuneata	Rudge	Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 1816
Dodonaea dioica	Roxb. ex DC.	Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 1: 447 (1822)
Dodonaea ehrenbergii	Schltdl.	Linnaea 18: 36 (1844)
Dodonaea eriocarpa	Sm.	Cycl. 12: n.º 6 (1809)
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. acuminata	O.Deg. & Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 210 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. amphioxea	O.Deg. & Sherff
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. confertior	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 206 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. costulata	O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. decipiens	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 208 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. degeneri	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 208 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. degeneri	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 208 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. forbesii	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 206 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. galapagensis	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 207 (1945)
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. glabrescens	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 209 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hillebrandii	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 211 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hosakana	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 207 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. lanaiensis	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 207 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. molokaiensis	O.Deg. & Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 210 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. oblonga	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 208 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. obtusior	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 206 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusior	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 206 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusiorgalapagensis	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 207 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. pallida	O.Deg. & Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 210 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa f. pallida	O.Deg. & Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 210 1945
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. sherffii	O.Deg. & I.Deg.
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. skottsbergii	Sherff
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. vaccinioides	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 210 (1945)
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. varians	O.Deg. & Sherff
Dodonaea eriocarpa var. waimeana	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 206 1945
Dodonaea fauriei	H.Lév.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 155 (1911)
Dodonaea forsteri	Montrouz.	Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. , sér. 2, 10: 189 (1860)
Dodonaea illita	F.Muell. ex Regel	Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1856: 36 (1856)
Dodonaea jamaicensis	DC.	Prodr. 1: 616 (1824)
Dodonaea kohautiana	Schltdl.	Linnaea 13: 52 (1839)
Dodonaea latifolia	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 276 (1796)
Dodonaea linearifolia	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 407 (1858)
Dodonaea lucida	Moench	Methodus : 358 (1794)
Dodonaea microcarya	Small	Torreya 25: 39 (1925)
Dodonaea neriifolia	A.Cunn. ex A.Gray	U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 15: 262. 1854 ; C. Wilkes Expl. Exped.
Dodonaea oblongifolia	Link	Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 382 (1821)
Dodonaea ovata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. , ed. 2, 7: 327 (1814)
Dodonaea pallida	Miq.	Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam , ser. 3, 5: 7 (1852)
Dodonaea pauca	Herrera	Contr. Fl. Dept. Cuzco , ed. 2, 1: 118 (1921)
Dodonaea paulinia	Herrera	Contr. Fl. Dept. Cuzco , ed. 2, 1: 119 (1921)
Dodonaea pentandra	Griff.	Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 548 (1854)
Dodonaea repanda	Schumach. & Thonn.	Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 194 (1827)
Dodonaea sandwicensis	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 202 (1945)
Dodonaea sandwicensis var. simulans	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 204 1945
Dodonaea scabra	Lodd. ex Loudon	Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 154, nomen. 1830
Dodonaea stenoptera	Hillebr.	Fl. Hawaiian Isl. [Hillebrand] 88. 1888
Dodonaea stenoptera var. fauriei	(H.Lév.) Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 213 1945
Dodonaea viscosa f. arborescens	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 214. 1945
Dodonaea viscosa var. candolleana	(Blume) Backer	Fl. Batavia 1: 354 1907
Dodonaea viscosa f. ehrenbergii	(Schltdl.) Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 214 (1945)
Dodonaea viscosa f. elaeagnoides	(Rudolphi ex Ledeb. & Adlerstam) Brizicky	J. Arnold Arbor. 44: 477. 1963
Dodonaea viscosa f. eriocarpoidea	Sherff	Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 284. 1947
Dodonaea viscosa f. hispidula	Sherff	Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 306. 1947
Dodonaea viscosa f. lilacina	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 143. 1891 [5 Nov 1891]
Dodonaea viscosa f. minor	(Blume) Backer	Fl. Batavia 1: 354 1907
Dodonaea viscosa var. minor	Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 212 1945
Dodonaea viscosa var. obovata	Hitchc.	Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 4: 73 (1893)
Dodonaea viscosa f. repanda	Radlk.	Fl. Bras. (Martius) 13(3): 646. 1900 [1 Apr 1900]
Dodonaea viscosa f. spatulata	(Sm. ex Rees) Sherff	Amer. J. Bot. 32: 214. 1945
Dodonaea viscosa var. stokesiana	F.Br.	Bernice P. Bishop. Mus. Bull. 130: 164 1935
Dodonaea viscosa f. viridula	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 143 1891
Dodonaea sandwicensis var. latifolia	O.Deg. & Sherff	Bot. Leafl. 9: 6 1954
Dodonaea viscosa var. galapagensis	(Sherff) D.M.Porter	Occas. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 81: 3 1970
Dodonaea thunbergiana	Radlk.
Dodonaea viscosa var. viscosa	Jacq.	Flora Tasmaniae 1 1857

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	hop bush
English	hopseed bush
English	florida hopbush
Spanish	dodonaea illita
Spanish	dodonaea arabica
Spanish	dodonaea arborea
Spanish	dodonaea candolleana
Spanish	dodonaea scabra
Spanish	dodonaea repanda
Spanish	dodonaea ehrenbergii
Spanish	dodonaea forsteri
Spanish	dodonaea jamaicensis
Spanish	dodonaea kohautiana
Spanish	dodonaea latifolia
Spanish	dodonaea linearifolia
Spanish	dodonaea lucida
Spanish	dodonaea microcarya
Spanish	dodonaea neriifolia
Spanish	dodonaea pallida
Spanish	dodonaea pauca
Spanish	dodonaea paulinia
Spanish	dodonaea pentandra
Spanish	dodonaea stenoptera
Spanish	ptelea viscosa
Spanish	dodonaea fauriei
Spanish	aalii
Spanish	dodonaea sandwicensis
Spanish	dodonaea bialata
Spanish	dodonaea cuneata
Spanish	dodonaea dioica
Spanish	dodonaea eriocarpa
Spanish	dodonaea ovata
Afrikaans	sandolien
Arabic	دودونيا
Arabic	شث دابق
Czech	dodonka žláznatá
Finnish	humala-akea
French	bois de reinette
French	bois d'arnette
French	dodonée visqueuse
Hebrew	דודונאה דביקה
Hindi	विलायती मेहॆंदी
Japanese	アアリイ
Japanese	アケアケ
Japanese	ヒロハハウチワノキ
Japanese	ハウチワノキ
Kannada	ಅಂದರು ಗಿಡ
Malayalam	വ്രാളി
Punjab	سنتھا
Portuguese	vassoura-vermelha
Quechua	chamana
Quechua	chakhataya
Quechua	chakatiya
Quechua	chakataya
Quechua	chacatea
Quechua	ch'akataya
Quechua	hatun ch'akataya
Quechua	jatun ch'akataya
Quechua	ch'akatiya
Tamil	விராலி
Thai	ตำเสาหนู
Urdu	سنتھا
Chinese	明油子
Chinese	坡柳
Chinese	车桑子根
Chinese	车桑子叶
Chinese	车桑子
Chinese	车桑仔
Chinese	車桑子
Chinese	破柳
Chinese	短冠东风菜
Chinese	东风菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia	(L.f.) J.G.West	Brunonia 7: 39 (1984)
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima	(DC.) J.G.West	Brunonia 7: 40 (1984)
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. arizonica	(A.Nelson) A.E.Murray	Kalmia 13: 5. 1983
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. cuneata	(Sm.) J.G.West	Brunonia 7: 41 (1984)
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. elaeagnoides	(Rudolphi ex Ledeb. & Adlerstam) Acev.-Rodr.	Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98: 876 (2012)
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. spatulata	(Sm.) J.G.West	Brunonia 7: 43 (1983)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Cape Verde
  - Madeira
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Socotra
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Malawi
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Cape Provinces
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
  - Gambia
  - Ghana
  - Guinea
  - Guinea-Bissau
  - Ivory Coast
  - Liberia
  - Nigeria
  - Senegal
  - Sierra Leone
  - Togo
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi
  - Cameroon
  - Central African Republic
  - Congo
  - Gabon
  - Rwanda
  - Zaïre
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Aldabra
  - Chagos Archipelago
  - Comoros
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Rodrigues
  - Réunion
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan
- Eastern Asia
  - Kazan-retto
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Ogasawara-Shoto
  - Taiwan
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Palestine

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Laccadive Islands
  - Maldives
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Myanmar
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Christmas Island
  - Cocos (keeling) Islands
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Norfolk Island
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Tasmania
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia
- New Zealand
  - Chatham Islands
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Southwestern Europe
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexican Pacific Islands
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
  - Marshall Islands
- South-central Pacific
  - Cook Islands
  - Easter Island
  - Marquesas
  - Society Islands
  - Tuamotu
  - Tubuai Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - Gilbert Islands
  - Nauru
  - New Caledonia
  - Niue
  - Samoa
  - Tonga
  - Vanuatu
  - Wallis-Futuna Islands

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
  - Brazil West-central
- Caribbean
  - Bahamas
  - Bermuda
  - Cayman Islands
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Southwest Caribbean
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Turks-caicos Islands
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Costa Rica
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
  - Panamá
- Northern South America
  - French Guiana
  - Guyana
  - Suriname
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Chile Central
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Galápagos
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000653170
UNII	T40GW9050N
Florida Plant Atlas	2789
USDA Plants	DOVI
Tropicos	28601472
INPN	447591
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2
The Plant List	kew-2774037
PaleoBotany	34823
Open Tree Of Life	343388
NCBI Taxonomy	151065
Nature Serve	2.159407
IUCN Red List	66292425
IPNI	30058367-2
iNaturalist	122711
GBIF	5421144
Freebase	/m/0bf7g1
EPPO	DODVI
EOL	582326
Calflora (Californian flora)	13035
USDA GRIN	14441
Wikipedia	Dodonaea_viscosa
CMAUP	NPO12477
CMAUP	NPO7566

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Study of medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary medical system in riverine areas of Punjab, Pakistan

Umair M, Altaf M, Ahsan T, Bussmann RW, Abbasi AM, Gatasheh MK, Elrobh M

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

07-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11077875
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00686-9
PMID:	38715115

Climate and soil stressed elevation patterns of plant species to determine the aboveground biomass distributions in a valley-type Savanna

He G, Shi Z, Fang H, Shi L, Wang Y, Yang H, Yan B, Yang C, Yu J, Liang Q, Zhao L, Jiang Q

Front Plant Sci

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11004315
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1324841
PMID:	38601315

Vegetation–edaphic correlation and importance value index in himalayan ‘ecotone’ temperate conifer forest using the multivariate technique

Ali F, Zeb M, Amin M, Rajpar MN, Hidayat S, Khan WR

Saudi J Biol Sci

24-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11000104
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103983
PMID:	38590389

Ethnobotany of traditional cosmetics among the Oromo women in Madda Walabu District, Bale Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia

Sultan S, Telila H, Kumsa L

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

22-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10960478
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00673-0
PMID:	38519994

Invasive‐dominated grasslands in Hawaiʻi are resilient to disturbance

Yelenik S, Rose E, Cordell S

Ecol Evol

19-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10951494
doi:	10.1002/ece3.10948
PMID:	38510540

Flavonoids: A treasure house of prospective pharmacological potentials

Hasnat H, Shompa SA, Islam MM, Alam S, Richi FT, Emon NU, Ashrafi S, Ahmed NU, Chowdhury MN, Fatema N, Hossain MS, Ghosh A, Ahmed F

Heliyon

09-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10944245
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27533
PMID:	38496846

Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and their utilization by indigenous and local communities of Dugda District, Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Oda BK, Lulekal E, Warkineh B, Asfaw Z, Debella A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

09-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10924356
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00665-0
PMID:	38461267

Medicinal Plants Used by Oromo Community in Kofale District, West-Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Nuro GB, Tolossa K, Giday M

J Exp Pharmacol

05-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10929209
doi:	10.2147/JEP.S449496
PMID:	38476311

Approaches, Strategies and Procedures for Identifying Anti-Inflammatory Drug Lead Molecules from Natural Products

Jamtsho T, Yeshi K, Perry MJ, Loukas A, Wangchuk P

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

22-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974486
doi:	10.3390/ph17030283
PMID:	38543070

Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and their utilization by the people of Soro District, Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia

Hankiso M, Asfaw Z, Warkineh B, Abebe A, Sisay B, Debella A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

22-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10885532
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00651-6
PMID:	38389077

An appraisal of traditional knowledge of plant poisoning of livestock and its validation through acute toxicity assay in rats

Rasool F, Nizamani ZA, Ahmad KS, Parveen F, Khan SA, Sabir N

Front Pharmacol

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10900104
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1328133
PMID:	38420196

From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Antinociceptive Non-Opioid Active Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design

Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C

Molecules

09-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10892999
doi:	10.3390/molecules29040815
PMID:	38398566

Biodiversity and Structural Analysis of Woody Plant Species of Home Gardens in Basona Worana District, North Shoa Zone of Central Ethiopia

Woldeyohannes A, Moges A

Scientifica (Cairo)

08-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10869191
doi:	10.1155/2024/5563636
PMID:	38361969

Medicinal herbs and their metabolites with biological potential to protect and combat liver toxicity and its disorders: A review

Islam Shawon S, Nargis Reyda R, Qais N

Heliyon

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10864916
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25340
PMID:	38356556

The Invasive Mechanisms of the Noxious Alien Plant Species Bidens pilosa

Kato-Noguchi H, Kurniadie D

Plants (Basel)

25-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10857670
doi:	10.3390/plants13030356
PMID:	38337889

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids
Rhein	10168	Click to see	284.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
Anthraquinone	6780	Click to see	208.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chrysophanol	10208	Click to see	254.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Fallacinol	3083633	Click to see	300.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Physcion	10639	Click to see	284.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Physcion 1-O-beta-D-glucoside	5319323	Click to see	446.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rheochrysin	168938	Click to see	446.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
Citreorosein	361512	Click to see	286.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Emodin	3220	Click to see	270.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Emodin 1-O-beta-D-glucoside	5319333	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)O	432.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Emodin-8-glucoside	99649	Click to see	432.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Questin	160717	Click to see	284.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Questinol	147621	Click to see	300.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Protocatechuic Acid	72	Click to see	154.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid	370	Click to see	170.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Salicylic acid and derivatives / Salicylic acids
2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid	9338	Click to see	154.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones
2-Methoxystypandrone	158739	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=O)C=C(C2=O)OC)C(=C1C(=O)C)O	260.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Resorcinols
5-(2'-Oxoheneicosyl)Resorcinol	56683379	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O	418.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50075A033
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Coumarinolignans
8'-epi-cleomiscosin A	11200016	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C(OC3=C4C(=CC(=C3O2)OC)C=CC(=O)O4)CO)O	386.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
9H-Pyrano(2,3-f)-1,4-benzodioxin-9-one, 2,3-dihydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-, trans-(+-)-	11982428	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C(OC3=C(C=C4C=CC(=O)OC4=C3O2)OC)CO)O	386.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cleomiscosin A	442510	Click to see	386.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Cleomiscosin C	11464176	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(OC3=C4C(=CC(=C3O2)OC)C=CC(=O)O4)CO	416.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerophosphonolipids / Glycerophosphonocholines / Glycerol-3-phosphonocholines
[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-[(2S)-2-methoxy-12-methyloctadeca-7,17-dien-5-ynoyl]oxypropoxy]-[2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl]phosphinate	163195445	Click to see	543.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(8S,11bS)-7,11-dihydroxy-3,4,8,11b-tetramethyl-1,2,8,9-tetrahydronaphtho[2,1-f][1]benzofuran-6-one	11174780	Click to see CC1COC2=C(C3=C(C(=O)C=C4C3(CCC(=C4C)C)C)C(=C12)O)O	326.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Colensane and clerodane diterpenoids
(1S,2S,4aS,6R,8aR)-1-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-2,6-diol	102250660	Click to see	320.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
(4aR,5R,6R,8aR)-5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-5,6-dimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	124708201	Click to see	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
(4aS,5R,6S,8aS)-5-[2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,5-diethoxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-3-yl]ethyl]-5,6,8a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	162915666	Click to see CCOC1C(C(C(O1)OCC)(CCC2(C(CCC3(C2CCC=C3C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)O	440.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
(5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[2-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyoxolan-3-yl]ethyl]-8-hydroxy-5,6,8a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	162862159	Click to see	428.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
1-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-2,6-diol	163083830	Click to see	320.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
5-(2-(Furan-3-YL)ethyl)-8A-(hydroxymethyl)-5,6-dimethyl-3,4,4A,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	12310371	Click to see	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840
5-[2-(2,5-Diethoxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-3-yl)ethyl]-5,6,8a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	162915665	Click to see CCOC1C(C(C(O1)OCC)(CCC2(C(CCC3(C2CCC=C3C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)O	440.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
Dehydrohautriwaic acid	14108913	Click to see	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Hautriwaic acid	12310372	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1(C)CCC3=COC=C3)CCC=C2C(=O)O)CO	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50075A033 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840
methyl (1aR,4R,4aS,5R,6S,8aR)-5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopropa[j]naphthalene-1a-carboxylate	162849119	Click to see	344.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
methyl (1R,4S,5S,6S,8R,11R,13R)-5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-oxatetracyclo[6.4.1.01,11.05,13]tridec-9-ene-11-carboxylate	162967872	Click to see CC1CCC23CC2(C=CC4C3C1(C(O4)O)CCC5=COC=C5)C(=O)OC	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Methyl 2alpha-hydroxyhardwickiate	14807574	Click to see	346.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Methyl 5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-3-hydroxy-5,6,8a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate	14807573	Click to see	346.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Methyl 5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopropa[j]naphthalene-1a-carboxylate	73821419	Click to see CC1CCC23CC2(C=CC(C3C1(CCC4=COC=C4)CO)O)C(=O)OC	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Methyl 5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopropa[j]naphthalene-1a-carboxylate	73821417	Click to see	344.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
Methyl 5-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-oxatetracyclo[6.4.1.01,11.05,13]tridec-9-ene-11-carboxylate	73821424	Click to see	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Abscisic acids and derivatives
(+)-Abscisic acid	5375200	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1(C=CC(=CC(=O)O)C)O)(C)C	264.32	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1075516/
(4E)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid	131954763	Click to see	264.32	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1075516/
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,7R,8S,8aS,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-7,8-dihydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-9,10-bis[[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy]-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162821233	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2(C(CC1(C)C)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(C(C2O)O)C)C)(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)OC(=O)C(=CC)C	1125.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-10-(2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbonyl)oxy-8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	102417930	Click to see	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-10-[(2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbonyl]oxy-8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163022295	Click to see	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-10-[(2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbonyl]oxy-8-hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-9-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163062513	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(CC2C1(C(CC3(C2=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)C)(C)C)OC(=O)C9(C(O9)C)C	1125.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[10-(2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbonyl)oxy-8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	75033430	Click to see	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
6-[[7,8-Dihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9,10-bis(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	73023052	Click to see	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
Aesculioside IIIf	44479228	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2(C(CC1(C)C)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(C(C2O)O)C)C)(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CO)OC(=O)C(=CC)C	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
Dodonaeaside A	46883104	Click to see	1141.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930020/
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Diterpene lactones
(4aR,5S,6R,8aR)-5,6,8a-trimethyl-5-[2-(5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl)ethyl]-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	10088155	Click to see	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
(5S,6R,8S,8aR)-8-hydroxy-5,6,8a-trimethyl-5-[2-(5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl)ethyl]-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	162982335	Click to see	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
3-[2-(5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-hydroxy-2H-furan-5-one	72756762	Click to see	316.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3S,5S,6S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-16-[(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-17-ethyl-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,6-diol	52931478	Click to see	448.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-formyl-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate	14829106	Click to see	482.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-O-Acetyloleanolic Acid	151202	Click to see	498.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Applanoxidic acid C	139586894	Click to see CC(CC(=O)CC(C)C(=O)O)C1CC(=O)C2(C1(C(=O)C=C3C24C(O4)CC5C3(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C	512.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
CID 89508569	89508569	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/BSCB.19850940212
Oleanolic Acid	10494	Click to see	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
R1-Barrigenol	619407	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(C(C(C2(C(C1O)O)CO)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	506.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84767-6
R1-Barrigenol	21574243	Click to see	506.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84767-6
Theasapogenol B	185465	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/BSCB.19850940212
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969764
22-Dehydroclerosterol	15608667	Click to see	410.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969764
Npc196776	50930798	Click to see	410.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969764
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969764
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969764
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tetracarboxylic acids and derivatives
[(2S,4aR,5R)-5-[(3aS,6aS)-3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,8-tetrahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-acetyloxy-2-methylbutanoate	5315968	Click to see CCC(C)(C(=O)OC1C(CC2C(C(=CC(C2(C13CO3)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)C)(C)C4CC5C=COC5O4)O)OC(=O)C	606.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
2-(Carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate;hydron	88113319	Click to see [H+].[H+].C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O	192.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives
L-Malic Acid	222656	Click to see	134.09	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
(1R,3S,4S,5S)-3-((E)-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)Acryloyloxy)-1,4,5-Trihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic Acid	12310830	Click to see	354.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chlorogenic Acid	1794427	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
4-Hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexan-1-one	184824	Click to see	158.19	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
1-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]ethanone	71593490	Click to see CC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O	330.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
Tachioside	11962143	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O	302.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
Torachrysone 8-O-Glucoside	11972479	Click to see	408.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives
L-Tartaric acid	444305	Click to see	150.09	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Diarylethers
(1S,16S)-10,21,25-trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.18,12.118,22.027,31.016,34]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8(34),9,11,18(33),19,21,24,26,31-dodecaen-9-ol	10393930	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C6C(CC7=CC(=C(C=C7)OC)O3)N(CCC6=CC(=C5O)OC)C)OC	608.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans
(3aR,7aS)-Hexahydro-3a-hydroxy-6(2H)-benzofuranone	10975728	Click to see	156.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3aS,4R,7aS)-3a,4-dihydroxy-2,3,4,5,7,7a-hexahydro-1-benzofuran-6-one	10749706	Click to see	172.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cleroindicin E	11744892	Click to see	158.19	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones
2,5-Dimethyl-7-Hydroxychromone	5316891	Click to see	190.19	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones / Butenolides
(6S,7R,8E,10Z)-7-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclodeca[c]furan-1-one	163195461	Click to see CC1CCC2=C(C=CC=CC1(C)CCC3=COC=C3)C(=O)OC2	312.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
(7S)-7-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclodeca[c]furan-1-one	138113973	Click to see CC1CCC2=C(C=CC=CC1(C)CCC3=COC=C3)C(=O)OC2	312.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Heteroaromatic compounds
(1E,3Z,6R,7R)-6-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethyl-10-methylidenecyclodeca-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid	5469447	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
6-[2-(Furan-3-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethyl-10-methylidenecyclodeca-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid	3806951	Click to see CC1CCC(=C)C(=CC=CCC1(C)CCC2=COC=C2)C(=O)O	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2010-0114
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives
(2S)-2-ammonio-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate	6923516	Click to see	204.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid	1585026	Click to see	208.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-acetyloxy-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163085616	Click to see	382.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-acetyloxy-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl] (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163085615	Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C(C(C1OC(=O)C=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O)OC	382.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see	180.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Caffeic acid	1549111	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
7-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylchromen-2-one	5318268	Click to see	206.19	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids
[(1S,8S,9R,11S,17R,18R,19S)-17-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,11-dihydroxy-9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-13-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-10,16-dioxapentacyclo[9.7.1.02,7.08,19.015,19]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,14-tetraen-18-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	72195698	Click to see C1C(=O)C=C2C34C1(OC(C3C5=C(C4C(C(O2)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)C(=CC(=C5)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)C9=CC=C(C=C9)O)O	846.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
5,7-Dihydroxyflavanone	238782	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3	256.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Pinocembrin	68071	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3	256.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Scutellarein	5281697	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / 3-prenylated flavones
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one	44259767	Click to see CC(C)(CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O)O	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one	124355659	Click to see	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-methoxychromen-4-one	70683923	Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)CC=C(C)C)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC)C	436.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
5,7-Dihydroxy-3'-(3-hydroxymethylbutyl)-3,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone	102236529	Click to see CC(CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)OC)CO	430.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-3',5'-diprenylflavone	52936206	Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)CC=C(C)C)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)C	466.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
5'-Prenylaliarin	46218174	Click to see	484.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Aliarin	91886680	Click to see	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2013.12.008
Aliarin 4'-methyl ether	44259768	Click to see	430.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Dodoviscin A	57409962	Click to see	500.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Dodoviscin B	57409963	Click to see	482.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Dodoviscin D	57409965	Click to see	500.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
dodoviscin E	57409966	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC)CC=C(C)CO)O)C	452.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Dodoviscin G	57408287	Click to see	482.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Dodoviscin H	57408288	Click to see	454.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Dodoviscin I	57408289	Click to see	386.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
Viscosol	26195174	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)OC)C	412.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81185-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Isorhamnetin	5281654	Click to see	316.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl	158227	Click to see	492.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Hispidulin 7-glucuronide	5318059	Click to see	476.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Scutellarin	185617	Click to see	462.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
(+)-Catechin-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	6324898	Click to see	452.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	5318640	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)OC5C(C(C(CO5)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Guaijaverin	5481224	Click to see	434.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercetin 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside	5320861	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O	434.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercetin-3-o-rutinose	46936193	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercitrin	5280459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside	5280637	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-olate	25202413	Click to see	315.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isokaempferide	5280862	Click to see	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
6-Hydroxykaempferol 3,6-dimethyl ether	5352032	Click to see	330.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Hispidulin	5281628	Click to see	300.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Nepetin	5317284	Click to see	316.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pectolinarigenin	5320438	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O	314.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
Santin	5281695	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC	344.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
4'-5-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, 7-O-Methylnaringenin, Naringenin 7-O-methyl ether	348130	Click to see	286.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840
5,6,4'-Trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone	13983730	Click to see	330.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840
Blumeatin	70696494	Click to see	302.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
Penduletin	5320462	Click to see	344.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Penduletin 4'-methyl ether	5318355	Click to see	358.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80234-9
Sakuranetin	73571	Click to see	286.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50075A033 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957840 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2009797
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isocoumarins and derivatives
Sescandelin	10998597	Click to see	222.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00161-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes
Cis-Resveratrol	1548910	Click to see	228.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Resveratrol	445154	Click to see	228.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes / Stilbene glycosides
(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-[4-[(E)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	71528811	Click to see	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-[(1S,2S,3S,4S)-2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]cyclobutyl]-5-hydroxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	10327899	Click to see	780.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-hydroxy-5-[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-2-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	21586804	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C(C(=CC(=C2)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(C5=CC(=CC(=C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	796.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
(E)-Resveratrol 3-(6''-Galloyl)-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside	11330189	Click to see	542.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,3,5,4''-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside	5321884	Click to see	406.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-Hydroxy-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside	73642	Click to see	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
cis-Piceid	10178463	Click to see	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Piceatannol 3'-O-glucoside	11968990	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	406.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Polydatin	5281718	Click to see	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Resveratroloside	5322089	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	390.40	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Dodonaea viscosa

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