Lilium lancifolium
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401b4bb13f5896365000 |
| Scientific name | Lilium lancifolium |
| Authority | Thunb. |
| First published in | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 333 (1794) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Fresh cut stems and blossoms of Lilium lancifolium are a major ornamental commodity in floristry; typical commercial stems reach 45–80 cm and are graded by length and bud development.
- Dried lily bulbs, sold under names such as “bai he” in Chinese commerce, are used fresh, boiled, sliced, or ground as a culinary ingredient in East Asian dishes and processed products like lily‑bulb cake.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Edible bulbs are used fresh, blanched or stir‑fried in soups (e.g., lily‑bulb pork soup), stews, noodles and vegetable hot pot; they are also a component of congee with lotus seeds.
- Processed forms include rehydrated dried bulbs and milled bulb flour, which acts as a thickening agent for sauces and batters due to its high starch content.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of fresh Lilium lancifolium flowers contains β‑ocimene, linalool, benzyl alcohol and phenylacetaldehyde, providing a sweet floral note used in fine fragrance blends and low‑dose aromatic compounds in cosmetics.
Properties relevant to use:
- Cut stems show high water uptake and a waxy cuticle, extending vase life to several days under standard preservative conditions.
- Bulbs contain ~25 % amylose (amylose : amylopectin ≈ 25 : 75) and soluble starch, enabling rapid gelatinisation for flour or sauce thickening.
- The oil’s monoterpene and phenylpropanoid profile yields the characteristic sweet‑floral scent exploited in perfumery.
- Lilium lancifolium has a diploid chromosome complement of 2n = 24 with unusually large chromosomes, a trait used in cytogenetic and meiotic studies.
Standards and regulation:
- Commercial cut lilies must meet USDA National Floriculture Grade Standards, which specify stem length categories, bud stage and post‑harvest handling; many exporters follow IFHP guidelines.
- Lily bulbs for food use must comply with national food‑safety regulations (e.g., U.S. FDA Food Code, Chinese Food Safety Law) and may require HACCP‑based processing controls.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Production is centered in East Asian regions such as China’s Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and Japan’s Hokkaido; bulbs are harvested biennially to allow regeneration and limit soil depletion.
- In temperate zones the species can naturalise and spread, prompting management plans where it is listed as invasive (e.g., certain U.S. states) and encouraging sustainable practices such as crop rotation and soil‑health monitoring.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lilium lishmanni | T.Moore | Florist Fruitist Gard. Misc. 1872: 260 (1872) |
| Lilium leopoldii | hort. ex Baker | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 233 (1874) |
| Lilium tigrinum | Ker Gawl. | Bot. Mag. 31: t. 1237 (1809) |
| Lilium lancifolium var. splendens | (Van Houtte) V.A.Matthews | New Plantsman 7: 126 (1985) |
| Lilium lancifolium var. fortunei | (Standish) V.A.Matthews | New Plantsman 7: 126 (1985) |
| Lilium tigrinum var. plenescens | Waugh | Bot. Gaz. 27: 254 (1899) |
| Lilium tigrinum var. fortunei | Standish | Gard. Chron. 1866: 972 1866 |
| Lilium tigrinum var. splendens | Van Houtte | Fl. Serres 19: t. 1931 1870 |
| Lilium lancifolium var. flaviflorum | Makino | J. Jap. Bot. 8: 43. 1932 |
| Lilium lancifolium var. densum | W.Bull | Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 4: 176 (1864) |
| Lilium tigrinum var. erectum | G.F.Wilson | Gard. Chron. , n.s., 2: 83 (1874) |
| Lilium lancifolium unranked melpomene | Hovey | Nursery Cat. (Hovey & co.) 1882: 38 (1882) |
| Lilium lancifolium unranked album | Hovey | Nursery Cat. (Hovey & co.) 1882: 38 (1882) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | tiger lily |
| Afrikaans | tierlelie |
| Arabic | زنبق النمر |
| German | tigerlilie |
| German | tiger-lilie |
| Estonian | tiigerliilia |
| Persian | لیلیوم لانکیفلیوم |
| Finnish | tiikerililja |
| Japanese | オニユリ |
| Korean | 참나리 |
| Malayalam | ടൈഗർ ലില്ലി |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | tigerlilje |
| Polish | lilia tygrysia |
| Russian | lilium tigrinum |
| Russian | Лилия тигровая |
| Russian | Лилия ланцетолистная |
| Swedish | tigerlilja |
| Vietnamese | hoa loa kèn vằn |
| Chinese | 百合 |
| Chinese | 百合子 |
| Chinese | 百合花 |
| Chinese | 卷丹 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
| diploid form: A or C. Common triploid does not form seed. Bulbils will transmit virus if parent plant infected |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Manchuria
- Qinghai
- Tibet
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
-
Russian Far East
- Amur
- Kuril Islands
- Primorye
- Sakhalin
-
China
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- East European Russia
- South European Russia
-
Middle Europe
- Austria
-
Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
-
Eastern Europe
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Québec
-
North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- North Dakota
- Wisconsin
-
Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia
-
Northwestern U.S.A.
- Montana
-
Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- North Carolina
- Virginia
-
Eastern Canada
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000677845 |
| UNII | 079XQO23D9 |
| Flora of Alabama | 4481 |
| Canadensys | 6531 |
| USDA Plants | LILA8 |
| Tropicos | 18400283 |
| INPN | 105986 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:537628-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-279922 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 73799 |
| Observations.org | 131315 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 79002 |
| Nature Serve | 2.154687 |
| IPNI | 537628-1 |
| iNaturalist | 49524 |
| GBIF | 2753380 |
| Freebase | /m/0jqg4 |
| WisFlora | 9022 |
| EPPO | LILLA |
| EOL | 251460 |
| Elurikkus | 5487 |
| USDA GRIN | 104679 |
| Wikipedia | Lilium_lancifolium |
| CMAUP | NPO4414 |
| Plantarium | 22755 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Protoberberine alkaloids and derivatives | |||||
| Berberine | 2353 | Click to see | 336.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters | |||||
| Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzoate | 11161026 | Click to see | 250.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols | |||||
| (2R)-2,3-Dihydropropyl beta-D-glucopyranoside | 15559912 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O | 254.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)80087-3 |
| 2-(2,3-Dihydroxypropoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 4302177 | Click to see | 254.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)80087-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols / Glycosylmonoacylglycerols | |||||
| (E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid (2S)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl ester | 15589787 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC(COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 400.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 6711430 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [2-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-propyl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 5387740 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Regaloside A | 5459131 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Regaloside C | 14135348 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| 3-Methoxy-5-methyl-2-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl]phenol | 5373218 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)O | 342.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4-O-Methylgrifolic acid | 11531145 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1C(=O)O)O)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)OC | 386.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Grifolic Acid | 9976563 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1C(=O)O)O)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)O | 372.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Grifolin | 5372312 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)O | 328.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls | |||||
| (1S,3R,6R)-6-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-ol | 45109816 | Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC23C(CC(CC2(O3)C)O)(C)C)C)C | 584.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E)-19-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-1-[(1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaen-1-one | 25243952 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2E,4E,6E,8Z,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E)-19-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-1-[(1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaen-1-one | 23258405 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| (2E,4Z,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E)-19-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-1-[(1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaen-1-one | 23258403 | Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC(=O)C2(CC(CC2(C)C)O)C)C)C | 584.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| (3S,3'R,5R,6S)-beta,beta-Carotene-3,3',5,6(5H,6H)-tetrol | 23258402 | Click to see | 602.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| 13-cis-Capsanthin | 23258406 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| 6-Epikarpoxanthin | 131751644 | Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2(C(CC(CC2(C)O)O)(C)C)O)C)C | 602.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02467511 |
| 9-cis-Capsanthin | 23258404 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| Capsanthin | 5281228 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02467511 |
| Capsanthin (Paprika Extract) | 4481061 | Click to see | 584.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| Capsanthin 5,6-epoxide | 11039295 | Click to see | 600.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02467511 |
| Karpoxanthin | 23258401 | Click to see | 602.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| Liliaxanthin | 134724340 | Click to see | 600.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Androstane steroids / Androgens and derivatives | |||||
| Androstenedione | 6128 | Click to see | 286.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Testosterone | 6013 | Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C | 288.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Pentahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives | |||||
| (25S)-5alpha-cholestan-3beta,6beta,15alpha,16beta,26-pentol | 52931335 | Click to see | 452.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides | |||||
| Capsicastrine | 21575044 | Click to see | 577.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins | |||||
| (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(5'R,9S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 24893696 | Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1 | 855.00 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Chlorogenic Acid | 1794427 | Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| cis-Chlorogenic acid | 1794425 | Click to see | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| 3-[(1S,4S,6S,9R,10R,13R,14R)-4-hydroxy-6-[(2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-9,13-dimethyl-17-oxo-14-tetracyclo[11.3.1.01,10.04,9]heptadecanyl]-2H-furan-5-one | 163007798 | Click to see | 532.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| 6-O-(alpha-L-Rhamnopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose | 12314995 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 326.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside | 101798 | Click to see COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O | 194.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
| 1-[(2R,5R)-2-benzyl-5-[(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone | 162978355 | Click to see CC(=O)N1CC(NCC1CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC3=CC4=C(C(=C3)OC)OCO4 | 382.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19850680627 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| Caffeic Acid | 689043 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| cis-Caffeic acid | 1549111 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cis-P-Coumaric Acid | 1549106 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| P-Coumaric Acid | 637542 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| (-)-Catechol | 73160 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Epicatechin | 182232 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol | 1203 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epicatechin | 72276 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Kaempferol | 5280863 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Myricetin | 5281672 | Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 318.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Quercetin | 5280343 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolides and analogues | |||||
| 7-Epi-Zeaenol | 53355130 | Click to see CC1CC=CC(C(C(CC=CC2=C(C(=CC(=C2)OC)O)C(=O)O1)O)O)O | 364.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cochliomycin A, (rel)- | 52952745 | Click to see CC1CC=CC2C(C(CC=CC3=C(C(=CC(=C3)OC)O)C(=O)O1)O)OC(O2)(C)C | 404.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cochliomycin B | 52952746 | Click to see | 404.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolides and analogues / Zearalenones | |||||
| (5E)-7-Oxozeaenol | 9799061 | Click to see | 362.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (5Z)-7-Oxozeaenol | 9863776 | Click to see | 362.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |