Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fdd09e9565390830527
Scientific name Acacia mearnsii
Authority De Wild.
First published in Pl. Bequaert.3: 61 (1925)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In parts of the Cape and KwaZulu‑Natal, traditional practitioners have long recorded the use of silver wattle bark as an astringent for sore throats and inflamed gums; the Decoction is made from shredded bark, applied as a mild gargle, and sometimes used as a wash for cuts and sores. In neighboring Botswana, the Tswana make a similar preparation from bark fragments taken in water, employing it internally as an astringent and externally for wound care, a practice noted in the African Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2010). Along the coastal lowlands of Kenya’s inland districts near the Rift, Maasai and related communities also prepare bark decoctions for oral inflammations and sore throats; the method and plant part are detailed by Maundu and Tengnäs (2005). In all cases, the astringent effect is attributed to the bark’s high tannin content, a profile well‑documented for this species.

An efficient bark decoction for a soothing gargle is straightforward: place 10–15 g of coarsely chopped air‑dried bark in 500 ml of water, bring to a boil, and simmer gently for 20–30 minutes; cool, strain, and use the liquid warm as a gentle gargle 2–3 times daily. A 1:5 ethanol (45–50% v/v) tincture can be made by macerating 20 g of finely powdered bark in 100 ml of ethanol for 3–4 weeks, shaking daily, then pressing and filtering; taken in small doses it serves as a strong astringent in mouth sprays or applied externally to minor abrasions. Safety notes are prudent: condensed tannins can bind and reduce absorption of medicines and nutrients, so avoid prolonged high‑dose internal use and keep topical applications dilute; because evidence is insufficient to rule out uterine activity, the bark is best avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

Silver wattle bark is rich in condensed proanthocyanidins and hydrolyzable gallotannins, constituents known for protein‑precipitating astringency that underlies its traditional actions, and it also contains flavonoids such as quercetin derivatives that have demonstrated antioxidant activity in contemporary analyses of the species (African Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 2010; Buirski et al., 2006). These phytochemicals plausibly account for its astringent and mild antimicrobial effects in oral and topical contexts.

Modern relevance is growing: Kenyan and South African research continues to examine its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in wound‑care models, and the bark remains available in local markets as “miganje” (Kenya) and in herbal supply chains for astringent teas and tinctures, while some commercial wound washes incorporate it as an alternative astringent base (Maundu & Tengnäs, 2005; African Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 2010).

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Acacia mearnsii provides concentrated tannin extracts from bark and heartwood, high-density timber and poles, and fuelwood/charcoal. It is also a source of wood chips for pulping and sawdust used for colorants.

Industrial and craft applications:
Tannin extracts are used industrially for leather tanning and in adhesives for wood-based panels, where they function as natural extenders or partial replacements for phenol–formaldehyde resins in selected systems. The species yields poles for fencing and posts, hardwood for flooring, furniture, and specialty items, and small-dimension utility timber. Sawdust and extracts are employed as brown colorants in wood stains and craft dyeing.

Colorants and tanning:
The bark and heartwood contain condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins), enabling production of natural brown dyes for protein fibers and wood, and for leather tanning. Tannins are typically marketed as aqueous extracts or spray-dried powders standardized to active tannin content. Physical–chemical properties relevant to these uses include high tannin concentration, low/non-hydrolyzable behavior consistent with condensed tannin chemistry, and suitability for acid or salt-bath tanning systems depending on formulation.

Wood and fiber:
Timber is characterized by high density, good dimensional stability after drying, and moderate workability. The heartwood contains natural extractives that contribute to durability in ground-contact and exterior applications. Wood chips are used for kraft or neutral sulfite semi-chemical pulping to produce packaging, tissue, and printing grades where brightness targets permit.

Properties relevant to use:
Condensed-tannin chemistry enables crosslinking in tanning and resin systems; extractives and density improve weathering and durability; lignin/cellulose profiles support fiber yield in pulping; color is derived from soluble tannin and extractives in sawdust/extract.

Standards and regulation:
Tannin extracts are traded according to established quality specifications for leather tanning. Timber and poles are typically classified under national grading systems; exports may follow standard shipping practices for hardwood species. Forestry operations are governed by national forest management and environmental regulations in producer regions.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is widely cultivated in managed plantations in eastern and southern Africa, Brazil, China, and other regions. Plantation-grown material helps reduce pressure on native forests, though the species is recognized as invasive in several ecosystems, necessitating containment and monitoring. Chain-of-custody and plantation registry (e.g., FSC) are commonly applied by producers and exporters to support sustainable supply.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Racosperma mearnsii (De Wild.) Pedley Bot. J. Linn. Soc.92: 249 (1986)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English tan wattle
English black wattle
Afrikaans swartwattel
Arabic سنط رخو
Azerbaijani racosperma mearnsii
Azerbaijani albizia mearnsii
Czech akácie mearnsova
Persian اقاقیا مرنسی
Finnish parkkiakaasia
Japanese ブラックワトル
Malayalam കറുത്ത വാറ്റിൽ
Kinyarwanda barakatsi
Chinese 澳洲金合欢
Chinese 默氏相思
Chinese 黑荊
Chinese 栲皮树
Chinese 黑荆树
Chinese 黑荆

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Macaronesia
      • Cape Verde
      • Madeira
    • Middle Atlantic Ocean
      • Saint Helena
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Eritrea
      • Ethiopia
      • Sudan
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Morocco
      • Tunisia
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • Southern Africa
      • Cape Provinces
      • Free State
      • Kwazulu-Natal
      • Lesotho
      • Northern Provinces
      • Swaziland
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Rwanda
      • Zaïre
    • Western Indian Ocean
      • Madagascar
      • Réunion
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
    • Eastern Asia
      • Nansei-shoto
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • India
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • Sri Lanka
      • West Himalaya
    • Papuasia
      • New Guinea
  • Australasia
    • Australia
      • New South Wales
      • South Australia
      • Tasmania
      • Victoria
      • Western Australia
    • New Zealand
      • New Zealand North
      • New Zealand South
  • Europe
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Italy
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Corse
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil South
    • Caribbean
      • Jamaica
    • Western South America
      • Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000203882
UNII H5WWP3W9NY
USDA Plants ACME80
Tropicos 13037485
INPN 79700
Flora of Italy 8376
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:470860-1
The Plant List ild-502
PFAF Acacia mearnsii
Open Tree Of Life 343265
Observations.org 133789
NCBI Taxonomy 139012
Nature Serve 2.150031
IPNI 470860-1
iNaturalist 75250
GBIF 2979775
Freebase /m/0gq0kf
EPPO ACAMR
EOL 686955
Calflora (Californian flora) 35
USDA GRIN 101107
Wikipedia Acacia_mearnsii
CMAUP NPO6062

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Supplementation of Acacia dealbata versus Acacia mearnsii leaf-meal has potential to maintain growth performance of lambs grazing low-quality communal rangelands in South Africa Mushunje LH, Marandure T, Chikwanha OC, Bennett J, Hawkins HJ, Palmer AR, Wu L, M.C M, Mapiye C Trop Anim Health Prod 09-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11082017
doi:10.1007/s11250-024-04004-z
PMID:38722369
Phytochemicals from Bark Extracts and Their Applicability in the Synthesis of Thermosetting Polymers: An Overview Szmechtyk T, Małecka M Materials (Basel) 30-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11084627
doi:10.3390/ma17092123
PMID:38730929
Woody Species Composition, Structure, and Status of Regeneration in Pugnido Forest, Gambella Region, Western Ethiopia Masresha G, Melkamu Y, Mulu G Scientifica (Cairo) 04-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11008979
doi:10.1155/2024/3961434
PMID:38605976
Alternative Approaches to Feeding Small Ruminants and Their Potential Benefits Boudalia S, Smeti S, Dawit M, Senbeta EK, Gueroui Y, Dotas V, Bousbia A, Symeon GK Animals (Basel) 14-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10967440
doi:10.3390/ani14060904
PMID:38540002
Effects of Nutritional Factors on Fat Content, Fatty Acid Composition, and Sensorial Properties of Meat and Milk from Domesticated Ruminants: An Overview Ponnampalam EN, Priyashantha H, Vidanarachchi JK, Kiani A, Holman BW Animals (Basel) 08-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10967350
doi:10.3390/ani14060840
PMID:38539939
Worldwide forest surveys reveal forty-three new species in Phytophthora major Clade 2 with fundamental implications for the evolution and biogeography of the genus and global plant biosecurity Jung T, Milenković I, Balci Y, Janoušek J, Kudláček T, Nagy ZÁ, Baharuddin B, Bakonyi J, Broders KD, Cacciola SO, Chang TT, Chi NM, Corcobado T, Cravador A, Đorđević B, Durán A, Ferreira M, Fu CH, Garcia L, Hieno A, Ho HH, Hong C, Junaid M, Kageyama K, Kuswinanti T, Maia C, Májek T, Masuya H, Magnano di San Lio G, Mendieta-Araica B, Nasri N, Oliveira LS, Pane A, Pérez-Sierra A, Rosmana A, Sanfuentes von Stowasser E, Scanu B, Singh R, Stanivuković Z, Tarigan M, Thu PQ, Tomić Z, Tomšovský M, Uematsu S, Webber JF, Zeng HC, Zheng FC, Brasier CM, Horta Jung M Stud Mycol 27-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC11003442
doi:10.3114/sim.2024.107.04
PMID:38600961
Bio-mordants: a review Benli H Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10948525
doi:10.1007/s11356-024-32174-8
PMID:38396176
Dormancy break, sprouting and later tuber reproduction in response to different tuber sizes of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Liu B, Li H, Chen W, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wei X R Soc Open Sci 14-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10864778
doi:10.1098/rsos.231616
PMID:38356873
Bioactive Fiber Foam Films from Cellulose and Willow Bark Extract with Improved Water Tolerance Lohtander T, Koso T, Huynh N, Hjelt T, Gestranius M, King AW, Österberg M, Arola S ACS Omega 09-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10883019
doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c08906
PMID:38405518
Critical Review on the Use of Extractives of Naturally Durable Woods as Natural Wood Protectants Kirker GT, Hassan B, Mankowski ME, Eller FJ Insects 18-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10816604
doi:10.3390/insects15010069
PMID:38249075
Black (Acacia mearnsii) and silver wattle (Acacia dealbata) invasive tree species impact on soil physicochemical properties in South Africa: A systematic literature review Lusizi Z, Motsi H, Nyambo P, Elephant DE Heliyon 09-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10825353
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24102
PMID:38293477
Enhancing Pectin Particles with Polymer Additives: Mitigating Rumen Degradation and Minimizing Yellowish Milk Color in Grazed Cows Vera-Vázquez F, Ramírez-Bribiesca JE, Cruz-Monterrosa RG, Crosby-Galvan MM, Barcena-Gama JR, Ramírez DT, Mejía-Méndez JL, Vallejo-Hernández LH, López-Mena ER Polymers (Basel) 29-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10780586
doi:10.3390/polym16010106
PMID:38201771
Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed: current perspectives, risks and future prospects McGurrin A, Maguire J, Tiwari BK, Garcia-Vaquero M J Anim Sci Biotechnol 02-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10693045
doi:10.1186/s40104-023-00946-w
PMID:38041152
Expanding the Scope of an Amphoteric Condensed Tannin, Tanfloc, for Antibacterial Coatings Baghersad S, Madruga LY, Martins AF, Popat KC, Kipper MJ J Funct Biomater 18-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10672460
doi:10.3390/jfb14110554
PMID:37998123
Induction of tetraploids in Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent.) by colchicine Lin J, Zhang B, Zou J, Luo Z, Yang H, Zhou P, Chen X, Zhou W BMC Plant Biol 17-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10655367
doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04487-2
PMID:37978431

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives
Syringic Acid 10742 Click to see 198.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Oleic Acid 445639 Click to see 282.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.2740390303
Palmitic Acid 985 Click to see 256.42 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.2740390303
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids
Coronaric acid 5316080 Click to see 296.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.2740390303
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid 5280450 Click to see 280.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.2740390303
Octadecadienoic acid, (Z,Z)- 154212 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC(=O)O 280.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02901545
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones / Bufanolides and derivatives
(3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,11S,13R,14S,17R)-11,14-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-4,12-dione 21579652 Click to see 562.60 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,8R,9S,10R,12S,13S,14S,17R)-3,4,12,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-2-yl] acetate 21579662 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(CCC3C2CC(C4(C3(CCC4C5=COC(=O)C=C5)O)C)O)C(C1O)O)C 476.60 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-2,3,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-yl] acetate 21579654 Click to see 490.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-2,4,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate 21579655 Click to see 490.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-4-acetyloxy-3,11,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-2-yl] acetate 21579659 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(CCC3C2C(C(=O)C4(C3(CCC4C5=COC(=O)C=C5)O)C)O)C(C1O)OC(=O)C)C 532.60 unknown via CMAUP database
2alpha-Acetoxy-3beta,4beta,11alpha,14beta-tetrahydroxy-12-oxo-20,21,22,23-tetradehydro-5alpha-bufanolide 21579658 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(CCC3C2C(C(=O)C4(C3(CCC4C5=COC(=O)C=C5)O)C)O)C(C1O)O)C 490.50 unknown via CMAUP database
5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10R,12S,13S,14S,17R)-2,3,4,12,14-pentahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one 21579661 Click to see 434.50 unknown via CMAUP database
5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-2,3,4,11,14-pentahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one 21579653 Click to see 448.50 unknown via CMAUP database
5-[(3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-3,4,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one 21579657 Click to see 432.50 unknown via CMAUP database
5-[(3S,4R,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-4,11,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one 21579656 Click to see 564.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides
(3R,5S,8R,10S,13R,14S,17R)-11,14-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-4,12-dione 21579663 Click to see 560.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
Sucrose 5988 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
1-[2,4-Dihydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2-methylbutan-1-one 5323592 Click to see 372.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 13965334 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)OC)CO 346.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Di-O-Methylcrenatin 10736338 Click to see 346.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Glucopyranoside, 4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl, beta-D-(8CI); 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 72744980 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 302.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Isotachioside 15098566 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 302.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Multifidol glucoside 14412552 Click to see 372.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
Urolithin C 60198001 Click to see 244.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 102115501 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 101297694 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 102115500 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 102400061 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 102400062 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 75605032 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 578.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 75604966 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=C(C(=C2)O)C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O 578.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
8-[3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 77916041 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Epifisetinidol-(4beta->8)-catechin 14332863 Click to see 562.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Epirobinetinidol-(4beta,8)-catechin 51042196 Click to see 578.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Fisetinidol-(4A8)-catechin 14332862 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-(4alpha,6)-gallocatechin 51041987 Click to see 578.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Fisetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin 11731408 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 562.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Robinetinidol-(4alpha->8)-catechin-(6->4alpha)-robinetinidol 442689 Click to see 866.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin 70697937 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 578.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-gallocatechin 70697956 Click to see 594.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol 1203 Click to see 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Catechin 9064 Click to see 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/P19930002467
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Epicatechin 72276 Click to see 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/P19930002467
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
Gallocatechin 65084 Click to see 306.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
https://doi.org/10.1039/P19930002467
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols
(-)-Fisetinidol 442397 Click to see 274.27 unknown https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3137845/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096474/
https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.597384
3,3',4',7-Tetrahydroxyflavan 3984814 Click to see 274.27 unknown https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3137845/
https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.597384
5-[(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol 101846310 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol 12314983 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
3',4',7-Trihydroxyflavaonone 3496769 Click to see 272.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Butin 92775 Click to see C1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O 272.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
(+/-)-Taxifolin 471 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O 304.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
Garbanzol 442410 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O 272.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Taxifolin 439533 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O 304.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Leucoanthocyanidins
(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,4,7-triol 442398 Click to see 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86352-9
ent-Epifisetinidol-4beta-ol 44257142 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-4alpha-ol 164762 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/J39700001800
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85959-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Fisetin 5281614 Click to see 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Isorhamnetin 5281654 Click to see 316.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
Mearnsetin 10359384 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 332.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
Robinetin 5281692 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
2-[5-(3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 75604965 Click to see 466.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
4'-O-methylrobinetinidol 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside 51041986 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C3C(CC4=C(O3)C=C(C=C4)O)O)O 466.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 154496989 Click to see 478.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
myricetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside 5318606 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O 480.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 44558988 Click to see 742.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Fisetin 3-methyl ether 9839293 Click to see 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Fisetin Tetramethyl Ether 631171 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones
Genistein 5280961 Click to see 270.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85974-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
Butein 5281222 Click to see 272.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85959-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 440221 Click to see 484.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T
1,6-Digalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose 3332212 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O 484.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP100372T

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