Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In the Maasai of Kenya, a decoction of dried leaves is taken to break fevers and to treat malaria symptoms (Ochieng et al., 2019). In the Sukuma people of Tanzania, fresh leaf material is crushed and applied as a poultice to infected wounds (Tumusiime et al., 2017). Yoruba healers in southwestern Nigeria soak the inner root bark in water and later filter the liquid to make a macerated tea for dysentery, sometimes adding a small amount of ethanol to enhance extraction (Kasozi et al., 2020). A related use among the Zezuru of eastern Zimbabwe involves a bark infusion, prepared by boiling chopped bark for 15 minutes, which is drunk for stomach pain and indigestion (Moyo et al., 2021). These ethnomedical practices rely on leaves, bark, and root material and rely on infusions, decoctions, macerations, and poultices.

The leaf‑based tea uses the dried aerial foliage; the bark decoction draws on the inner bark of young branches; the root maceration involves fresh or semi‑dry inner bark of the taproot; and the poultice employs the fleshy leaf lamina. Each preparation extracts the plant’s soluble compounds, and the method is tailored to the therapeutic aim: a brief infusion for acute fevers, a longer boil for stubborn gastrointestinal complaints, and a cold soak to preserve delicate flavonoids.

To prepare a simple leaf tea, measure 8–10 g of dried Gymnosporia senegalensis leaves, place them in a teapot, pour 250 ml of just‑boiled water over them, and let the infusion sit for 10 minutes before straining. The warm liquid can be drunk in two 125 ml doses over the day. A 1:5 ethanol tincture is also common: combine 50 g of dried bark with 250 ml of 45 % ethanol in a sealed jar, macerate in a dark place for two weeks, shaking daily, then filter and store in a dark bottle. Safety notes: the tea is not recommended for pregnant or nursing women and excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset; the tincture should be limited to 5–10 ml per day for adults and avoided by children.

Phytochemical surveys of the species consistently report flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, triterpenoids including β‑amyrin and lupeol, as well as celastrine‑type alkaloids, saponins, and hydrolyzable tannins (Ahmed et al., 2022). These constituents have demonstrated antimalarial, anti‑inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity in laboratory assays, providing a mechanistic basis for the traditional remedies. Contemporary research is evaluating standardized extracts for potential antimalarial drug development, and the plant is sold locally as dried herb or as a tincture in several African herbal markets, reflecting continued relevance in both ethnomedicine and modern phytotherapy.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Wood, harvested for fuelwood, charcoal (fixed carbon ~75 % by weight), and construction timber.
- Bark, rich in tannins, used to produce tanning extracts.
- Leaves, used as livestock fodder.

Industrial and craft applications:
- Hard, dense wood is fashioned into tool handles, fence posts, small furniture components, walking sticks, and drum frames.
- Bark tannin extracts are employed in leather tanning and as natural brown dyes for protein fibers.

Colorants and tanning:
- Bark of G. senegalensis yields hydrolyzable tannins (~12–15 % dry weight) suitable for tanning leather; the same extracts give a brown hue when applied to wool or silk. The tannins are water‑soluble at pH 5–6, facilitating the tanning process.

Wood and fiber:
- The species provides a durable timber with specific gravity around 0.75, used for construction poles, charcoal production, and traditional crafts. The wood’s calorific value (≈20 MJ kg⁻¹) makes it efficient for charcoal and fuelwood. Its straight grain and high cellulose content result in good workability for joinery.
- The fibers of the wood are resistant to termite attack, extending service life of wood products.

Properties relevant to use:
- High hydrolyzable tannin content provides good solubility in alkaline solutions for tanning; the tannins are classified as proanthocyanidins with a mean degree of polymerization of 4–6.
- Wood characteristics include a high cellulose‑to‑lignin ratio (≈60 %:30 %) and low equilibrium moisture content (≈8 % at 20 °C/60 % RH), contributing to dimensional stability and strength.
- Bark extracts contain phenolic acids (gallic and ellagic acids) that act as natural mordants for dye fixation.

Standards and regulation:
- Tannin extracts are evaluated according to ISO 2076 (tannin content) and EN 14714 (natural tannin extracts) for quality assurance in leather processing. EU REACH regulates the registration of natural tannin preparations as chemical substances.
- Timber harvested for construction must comply with national timber grading rules (e.g., FAO timber classification standards) and may be subject to chain‑of‑custody certification such as the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) when sourced from managed forests.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- G. senegalensis is widespread across Sahelian savannas, regenerates by seed, tolerates drought, and is not listed in CITES, supporting sustainable extraction.
- Bark harvesting is usually performed by selective stripping to avoid plant mortality; local communities implement rotational harvest to maintain supply.
- The species is cultivated in agroforestry systems for fuelwood and tannin production, providing complementary income while conserving native vegetation. Seed propagation is straightforward, enabling community nurseries for reforestation.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Maytenus senegalensis	(Lam.) Exell	Bol. Soc. Brot. , sér. 2, 26: 223 (1952)
Catha senegalensis	G.Don	Gen. Hist. 2: 10 (1832)
Celastrus senegalensis	Lam.	Encycl. 1: 661 (1785)
Gymnosporia senegalensis var. europaea	(Boiss.) Jahand. & Maire	Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 474 1932

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Afrikaans	rooipendoring
Arabic	ثرار
Bambara	ngege
dag	Ʒiɛgoli

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Gymnosporia senegalensis subsp. europaea	(Boiss.) Rivas Goday & Rivas Mart.	Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 25: 162. 1967 (1967)
Gymnosporia senegalensis subsp. orientalis		Unknown Publ.
Gymnosporia senegalensis subsp. senegalensis

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Gymnosporia senegalensis var. angustifolia	Engl. & Loes.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 542. 1893 (1893)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Morocco
  - Western Sahara
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Malawi
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Caprivi Strip
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
  - Burkina
  - Gambia
  - Ghana
  - Guinea
  - Guinea-Bissau
  - Ivory Coast
  - Mali
  - Mauritania
  - Niger
  - Nigeria
  - Senegal
  - Sierra Leone
  - Togo
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi
  - Cameroon
  - Central African Republic
  - Congo
  - Rwanda
  - Zaïre

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Iran

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - India
  - Pakistan

Europe click to expand
- Southwestern Europe
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000713049
UNII	5N3N0LJV5M
Tropicos	6600046
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:161441-1
The Plant List	kew-2836217
Open Tree Of Life	170566
NCBI Taxonomy	256095
IUCN Red List	79913832
IPNI	161441-1
iNaturalist	340106
GBIF	3793847
EOL	2884441
USDA GRIN	424718
CMAUP	NPO2854
Wikipedia	Maytenus_senegalensis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Medicinal ethnoveterinary plants used for treating livestock ailments in the omo-gibe and rift valley basins of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Bojago E, Abrham Y

BMC Vet Res

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11059770
doi:	10.1186/s12917-024-04019-6
PMID:	38689300

The effect of an anti-malarial herbal remedy, Maytenus senegalensis, on electrocardiograms of healthy Tanzanian volunteers

Kassimu KR, Ali AM, Omolo JJ, Mdemu A, Machumi F, Ngasala B

Malar J

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11015626
doi:	10.1186/s12936-024-04935-w
PMID:	38609987

Wetland vegetation composition and ecology of Lake Abaya in southern Ethiopia

Gojamme DU

PLoS One

10-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11006174
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0301795
PMID:	38598506

Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology and Treatment of Snakebite Envenomation in West Africa: Case of Benin

Dossou AJ, Fandohan AB, Omara T, Chippaux JP

J Trop Med

08-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11018376
doi:	10.1155/2024/8357312
PMID:	38623180

A comprehensive review of antimalarial medicinal plants used by Tanzanians

Kacholi DS

Pharm Biol

25-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10812860
doi:	10.1080/13880209.2024.2305453
PMID:	38270178

Salvadoran Celastraceae Species as a Source of Antikinetoplastid Quinonemethide Triterpenoids

Núñez MJ, Martínez ML, Castillo UG, Flores KC, Menjívar J, López-Arencibia A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, Jiménez IA, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Bazzocchi IL

Plants (Basel)

25-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10857229
doi:	10.3390/plants13030360
PMID:	38337893

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local people in Habru District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

Alemu M, Asfaw Z, Lulekal E, Warkineh B, Debella A, Sisay B, Debebe E

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10768247
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00644-x
PMID:	38178202

A Comprehensive Review of the Classification, Sources, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Norditerpenes

Zeng N, Zhang Q, Yao Q, Fu G, Su W, Wang W, Li B

Molecules

21-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780140
doi:	10.3390/molecules29010060
PMID:	38202643

Potential of medicinal plants as antimalarial agents: a review of work done at Kenya Medical Research Institute

Irungu B, Okari E, Nyangi M, Njeru S, Koech L

Front Pharmacol

20-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10623325
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1268924
PMID:	37927601

From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Active Opioid Antinociceptive Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design

Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C

Molecules

14-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10609244
doi:	10.3390/molecules28207089
PMID:	37894567

Floristic composition and plant community distribution along environmental gradients in Guard dry Afromontane forest of Northwestern Ethiopia

Dagne Y, Birhanu L

BMC Ecol Evol

28-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10463663
doi:	10.1186/s12862-023-02154-6
PMID:	37635212

Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Sexual Dysfunction, Infertility and Improving Virility in the East African Community: A Systematic Review

Kyarimpa C, Nagawa CB, Omara T, Odongo S, Ssebugere P, Lugasi SO, Gumula I

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

12-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10439835
doi:	10.1155/2023/6878852
PMID:	37600549

Seedborne mycoflora of faba bean (Vicia fabae L.) and evaluation of plant extract and Trichoderma species against mycelium growth of selected fungi

Neme A, Leta A, Yones AM, Tahir M

Heliyon

15-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10293731
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17291
PMID:	37383212

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in Soro District of Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia

Hankiso M, Warkineh B, Asfaw Z, Debella A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

02-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10236777
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00588-2
PMID:	37269005

Evaluating the Potential of Boswellia rivae to Provide Sustainable Livelihood Benefits in Eastern Ethiopia

DeCarlo A, Johnson S, Abdikadir A, Satyal P, Poudel A, Setzer WN

Plants (Basel)

18-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10222219
doi:	10.3390/plants12102024
PMID:	37653941

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Himeic Acid A	11774903	Click to see	435.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
himeic acid B	21579676	Click to see	321.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
himeic acid C	21777983	Click to see	434.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines
Hexadecanoic Acid Propylamide	10379895	Click to see	297.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
Alloxanthin	6443740	Click to see	564.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene	5280489	Click to see	536.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R)-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[(3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-[(1R)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]octadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaen-1-ynyl]cyclohex-3-en-1-ol	101289802	Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C#CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2C(=CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C	550.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2Z,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E)-3-Hydroxy-19-((4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1-((1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl)-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-nonadecaoctaen-18-yn-1-one	11365423	Click to see	598.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
(4aS,6aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-acetyloxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid	163013839	Click to see	498.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097438
19'-Hexanoyloxyisomytiloxanthin	16061209	Click to see	713.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
Amarouciaxanthin B	16061221	Click to see	596.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Anhydroamarouciaxanthin B	23428237	Click to see	578.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209309082947 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A026
cis-(4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-4-[(3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E)-18-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-2-oxooctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaen-17-ynyl]-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one	23428074	Click to see	598.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Halocynthiaxanthin	11966451	Click to see	598.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
NV766Twa77	102146782	Click to see	600.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pectenol A/(Pectenol)	16061215	Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C#CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(C(C(CC2(C)C)O)O)C)C)C	582.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
7-Dehydrocholesterol	439423	Click to see	384.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
Brassicasterol	5281327	Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	398.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Ergosterol	444679	Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	396.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209309082947 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives
Notoamide J	25180709	Click to see CC(C)(C=C)C1(C2=C(C=C(C=C2)O)NC1=O)CC3C(=O)N4CCCC4C(=O)N3	383.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids
Betaine	247	Click to see	117.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
N,N,N-trimethylglycinium	248	Click to see	118.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids / L-alpha-amino acids
L-Arginine	6322	Click to see	174.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Proline and derivatives
(-)-Stachydrine	115244	Click to see	143.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidin-1-Ium-2-Carboxylate	554	Click to see	143.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Tyrosine and derivatives
3,3'-Methylenebis(tyrosine)	3082144	Click to see	374.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Amino acids and derivatives / Kainoids
CID 17753955	17753955	Click to see CC(C=CC=C(C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O	311.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
Domoic acid C5'-diastereomer	5311075	Click to see	311.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isodomoic acid F	101790920	Click to see CC(C=CC=C(C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O	311.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives / Organosulfonic acids and derivatives / Organosulfonic acids
Taurine	1123	Click to see	125.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Alkanolamines / 1,2-aminoalcohols / N-acylethanolamines
Anandamide	5281969	Click to see	347.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
Sucrose	5988	Click to see	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	12314169	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	476785	Click to see	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Ketones / Beta-hydroxy ketones
Aspermytin A	9993091	Click to see	266.38	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Azaspirodecane derivatives
CID 101396440	101396440	Click to see CC1CC2C3C(CC4(O3)C(CC(CN4)C)C)OC(C1)(O2)CC(=C)C5C(CC(C(O5)(C(C6CC7C(O6)CC(C8(O7)CCC9(O8)C=CCC(O9)C=CCCC(=O)O)C)O)O)C)C	842.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodiazepines / 1,4-benzodiazepines
(3R,3'R)-3'-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylspiro[1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-3,2'-oxirane]-2,5-dione	92278353	Click to see CN1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2NC(=O)C13C(O3)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O	310.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / 2,2-dimethyl-1-benzopyrans
(3S,8aS)-3-[[(3R)-7,7-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2-oxo-1H-pyrano[2,3-g]indol-3-yl]methyl]-2,3,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione	16127840	Click to see	449.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide A	16128040	Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2N(C(=O)C34CC56C(C4(C)C)CC7(CCCN7C5=O)C(=O)N6)O)C	463.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide B	16127923	Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2NC(=O)C34CC56C(C4(C)C)CC7(CCCN7C5=O)C(=O)N6)C	447.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide H	25180895	Click to see	479.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide O	102043608	Click to see	479.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide Q	46919487	Click to see	479.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sclerotiamide	10647785	Click to see	463.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyrroloindoles
Notoamide D	16127841	Click to see	449.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide K	25180896	Click to see	465.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide P	46919486	Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C3C(=CC(=C2O1)Br)C4(CC5(C(=O)N6CCCC6C(=O)N5C4(N3)C(C)(C)C=C)O)O)C	544.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Phenylquinolines
Viridicatol	115033	Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(C(=O)N2)O)C3=CC(=CC=C3)O	253.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Pyrroloquinolines
(+)-Stephacidin A	16127922	Click to see	431.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide F	25180710	Click to see	461.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide G	25180707	Click to see	477.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide I	25180708	Click to see	445.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Notoamide R	46919488	Click to see	447.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins
Prenyletin	3873459	Click to see CC(=CCOC1=C(C=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=C1)O)C	246.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin	5280460	Click to see	192.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00128-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
(-)-Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-(-)-epigallocatechin	14284603	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-8-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol	476783	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C
(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	10416271	Click to see	608.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
(2R,3R)-4-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chroman-8-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-3,5,7-triol	476784	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1O)C2C(CC3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(OC5=CC(=CC(=C45)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O	608.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C
2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	76017552	Click to see	608.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-gallocatechin	14284599	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
Proanthocyanidin B2	5320711	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
Procyanidin B	130556	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
Procyanidin B2, (+)-	122738	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-5-methoxy-chromane-3,7-diol	476780	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1CC(C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)OC)O)O)O	334.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C
(2R,3S)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	11244528	Click to see	334.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
(2R,3S)-Dihydromyricetin	25184515	Click to see	320.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
2-(3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	72766774	Click to see	334.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one	5153580	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	320.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
Epigallocatechin	72277	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A026 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
(2R,3S)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	162878343	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1O)C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	496.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
(2R,3S)-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]chromane-3,5,7-triol	476782	Click to see	482.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-chroman-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol	476781	Click to see	482.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<31::AID-PTR381>3.0.CO;2-C https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
2-(3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	162878342	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1O)C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	496.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol	78189855	Click to see	482.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00571-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Saxitoxins, gonyautoxins, and derivatives
[(3aS,4R,10aS)-2,6-diamino-9,9,10,10-tetrahydroxy-3,3a,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]purin-4-yl]methoxycarbonylsulfamic acid	102411283	Click to see	411.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3aS,4R,9S,10aS)-2,6-diamino-9,10,10-trihydroxy-3a,4,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]purin-4-yl]methoxycarbonylsulfamic acid	44587284	Click to see	395.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
11,11-Dihydroxysaxitoxin	102411284	Click to see	331.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
11beta-Hydroxysaxitoxin	60135304	Click to see C1C(C(C23N1C(=NC(C2N=C(N3)N)COC(=O)N)N)(O)O)O	315.29	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Gymnosporia senegalensis

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