Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In traditional Chinese medicine, the fresh green stems of Allium fistulosum—known as Cong Bai—are prepared as a warm infusion or brief decoction to “induce sweating” and release the exterior in wind‑cold onset (Bensky and Gamble, 1993; Jiao and Bai, 2018). The same plant part is also taken as a light decoction to relieve nasal congestion and mild sore throat, especially when these symptoms are linked to colds and fever with chills (Bensky and Gamble, 1993). Across Japan and Korea, home remedies commonly steep the white stalk and young leaves in hot water and drink it at bedtime to promote sweat and ease early respiratory discomfort (Fujita et al., 2004; Lee and Choi, 2015). In parts of Southeast Asia, similar infusions are made from the young bulbs and leaves and consumed warm during the first day or two of a cold to “break the fever” (Bennett et al., 2014). These uses focus on the inflorescence stalk and young bulbs or leaves rather than mature seeds or roots.

A practical and widely reported preparation is a mild tea or short decoction: finely chop 30–60 g of fresh green Allium fistulosum stems and young leaves, add 400–500 mL of just‑boiled water, cover, and steep for 10–15 minutes, or simmer for 5 minutes then strain. Warm the liquid to a comfortably hot drinking temperature and take 1 cup (about 200–250 mL) at the onset of a wind‑cold type cold; repeat once more the same day if needed. Stop after the first day or two or when a sweat breaks and avoid exceeding two doses daily. Contraindications include sweating illness with high fever or heat signs and pregnancy; people with sensitive stomachs should moderate dosage or take with food (Bensky and Gamble, 1993; Jiao and Bai, 2018).

The activity plausibly rests on well‑established Allium constituents: organosulfur compounds such as alliin and allicin, the flavor precursor γ‑glutamyl‑S‑(prop-1‑enyl)‑L‑cysteine, and flavonoids including quercetin and kaempferol (Benkeblia, 2004; Roddick et al., 2002). These compounds are documented for the species and offer reasonable mechanistic support for the mild warming, decongestant, and mild antimicrobial effects reported in the ethnobotanical record.

Modern relevance remains active: Chinese pharmacies continue to carry fresh Cong Bai preparations for early cold symptoms, and ongoing pharmacological studies explore the anti‑inflammatory and antimicrobial actions of A. fistulosum extracts (Wang et al., 2016; Li et al., 2020).

General Uses Top

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Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Allium fistulosum (Welsh onion; scallion) is used primarily as a fresh vegetable. Its young leaf sheaths and leaves are eaten raw in salads and as garnishes or cooked in soups, stir-fries, dumplings, pancakes, and savory pastries across East and Southeast Asia. The immature flower stalks are also consumed. In China, A. fistulosum is a major leafy vegetable, typically marketed as “da cong” (large scallion) and harvested when stems are swollen (green bunching stage). Commercial forms are sold whole as scallions, as cut-and-trimmed “spring onion” segments, and as frozen cuts for foodservice. It is noted for high water content, crisp texture, and a mild onion flavor; quality is described by tenderness of leaf tissue, absence of bulbing, straight white shank, and green leaf color.

Properties relevant to use:
Pungency is moderate relative to A. cepa; flavor derives from sulfur-containing volatiles produced via alliin–alliinase reactions. Tissue composition (high moisture, low fiber, thin cuticle) is consistent with fresh-consumption markets and with short cooking times; susceptibility to mechanical damage and high respiration rate necessitate rapid cooling and cold chain for storage and distribution.

Standards and regulation:
Internationally, the commodity is marketed under the “scallion/spring onion” conventions of wholesale produce classification systems (e.g., UNECE Standard FFV-39 for Spring Onions). National food safety rules apply (e.g., U.S. Food Code; EU General Food Law) to residues and contaminants on raw agricultural products. Some jurisdictions set tolerances for certain pesticides in leeks and alliums.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Production systems range from open field to protected cultivation; successions and vernalization handling are used to prevent bulbing and maintain scallion morphology. Global availability is high due to short production cycles and adaptability to temperate and subtropical climates.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Cepa fissilis	Garsault	Fig. Pl. Méd. : t. 209 (1764)
Cepa fistulosa	(L.) Gray	Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 184 (1821 publ. 1822)
Cepa ventricosa	Moench	Methodus : 244 (1794)
Kepa fistulosa	(L.) Raf.	Fl. Tellur. 2: 20 (1837)
Porrum fistulosum	(L.) Schur	Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 76 (1853)
Phyllodolon fistulosum	(L.) Salisb.	Gen. Pl. : 90 (1866)
Schoenissa caucasea	Salisb.	Gen. Pl. : 91 (1866)
Allium bouddae	Debeaux	Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 32: 24 (1878)
Allium kashgaricum	Prokh.	Trudy Prikl. Bot. 24(2): 178 (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Allium savranicum	Besser	Index Seminum (KALIN, Krzemieniec) 1818(Suppl.): s.p. (1818)
Allium saxatile	Pall.	Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 293 (1776)
Allium stevenii	Willd. ex Ledeb.	Fl. Ross. 4: 176 (1852)
Allium tauricum	Pall. ex G.Don	Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 6: 50 (1827)
Allium tauricum	(Besser ex Rchb.) Grossh.	Fl. Kavkaza 1: 213. 1928 (1928)
Allium fistulosum var. caespitosum	Makino	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 19: 146. 1905
Allium fistulosum var. giganteum	Makino	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 129. 1910
Allium globosum	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 262 (1808)
Allium moly	Griseb. & Schur ex Regel	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(2): 199 (1875)
Allium moschatum	Sint. ex Regel	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(2): 199 (1875)
Allium ochroleucum	Rchb.	Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 10: t. 498 (1848)
Allium paniculatum	Ker Gawl.	Bot. Mag. 35: t. 1432 (1811)
Allium rupestre	Fisch. ex Schrank	Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 2: 38 (1822)
Allium tenuifolium	Schur	Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 76 (1853)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	welsh onion
English	bunching onion
English	green onion
English	scallion
Spanish	cebolla de gales
Spanish	cebolla de invierno
Spanish	cebolla de verdeo
Spanish	cebolla galesa
Spanish	cebolleta blanca
Spanish	cebolleta colorada
Spanish	cebollino ingles
Spanish	cebollino inglés
Spanish	negi
Spanish	cebolla china
Afrikaans	walliese ui
ami	kenaw
Arabic	ثوم الانابيب
Arabic	سبول
Arabic	ثوم قصبي
Belarusian	Цыбуля-батун
Tibetan	ཙོང་།
br	sivolez
Catalan	ceba d'hivern
Catalan	cebollí gal·lès
Catalan	ceba borda
Catalan	ceba porrera
Catalan	cebolleta
Catalan	cebollí francès
Catalan	cibolla
Catalan	porradell
Catalan	porrassí
Catalan	porratell
cdo	chĕ̤ng
Czech	cibule zimní
Czech	ošlejch
Welsh	nionyn cymreig
German	bundzwiebeln
German	frühlingszwiebel
German	frühlingszwiebeln
German	lauchzwiebel
German	schlotten
German	schluppe
German	schluppen
German	schnattra
German	zwiebelröhrchen
German	winterzwiebel
Esperanto	vintra cepo
Estonian	talisibul
Basque	tipuleta
Persian	تره فرنگی
Persian	ترهٔ فرنگی
Persian	نگی
Persian	ترهفرنگی
Finnish	talvisipuli
Finnish	pillisipuli
French	cive
French	negi
French	ciboule
frr	lookskalot
hak	chhûng-é
Hebrew	בצל ולשי
Croatian	zimski luk
Upper Sorbian	pózdnja cybla
Indonesian	bawang daun
io	cibolo
Icelandic	pípulaukur
Italian	cipolletta
Italian	cipollotto
Italian	cippolletta
Italian	cipolla d'inverno
Japanese	シボル
Japanese	シロネギ
Japanese	セベット
Japanese	ねぎ
Japanese	根深ネギ
Japanese	白ねぎ
Japanese	葉ネギ
Japanese	葱
Japanese	長ねぎ
Japanese	長ネギ
Japanese	長葱
Japanese	ネギ
jv	bawang godhong
Georgian	ჭლაკვი
Kazakh	Батун
Korean	굵은파
Korean	대파
Korean	실파
Korean	파
lb	fréijoerszwiwwel
lb	fréijoersënn
ln	ndɛmbi
lzh	蔥
mad	bâng ḍâun
mad	bhâbâng ḍâun
mnc	ᡝᠯᡠ
nan	chhang-á
Norwegian Bokmål	pipeløk
Dutch	grof bieslook
Dutch	grove bieslook
Dutch	negi
Norwegian Nynorsk	pipelauk
oc	cebola
Polish	cebula siedmiolatka
Polish	czosnek dęty
Romanian	ceapă de tuns
Russian	Батун
Russian	Батун-лук
Russian	Дудчатый лук
Russian	Лук-батун
Slovenian	ozimni luk
Slovenian	zimska čebula
Serbian	Зимски лук
Serbian	аљма
su	bawang daun
Swedish	piplök
Telugu	ఉల్లి కాడలు
Thai	หอมจีน
Turkish	kış soğanı
Ukrainian	Цибуля батун
Ukrainian	Батун
Uzbek	batun piyozi
Vietnamese	hành củ
Vietnamese	hành lá
Vietnamese	hành ta
Vietnamese	hành
xmf	სორხი
za	coeng
Chinese	葱汁
Chinese	分葱
Chinese	葱
Chinese	葱叶
Chinese	葱实
Chinese	葱白
Chinese	葱花
Chinese	葱须
Chinese	蔥
Chinese	長喙韭
Chinese	大葱
Chinese	大蔥
Chinese	蔥白
Chinese	青蔥

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
- Russian Far East
  - Magadan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia
- Papuasia
  - Solomon Islands

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - South European Russia
- Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia
- Northern Europe
  - Norway
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Kriti
- Southwestern Europe
  - France

Northern America click to expand
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
- Subarctic America
  - Alaska
  - Northwest Territorie

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Trinidad-Tobago

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000756246
UNII	51BV41D79A
Canadensys	2480
USDA Plants	ALFI4
Tropicos	18400035
INPN	81373
Flora of Italy	6891
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:528046-1
The Plant List	kew-295569
Missouri Botanical Garden	256068
Open Tree Of Life	856720
Observations.org	125339
NCBI Taxonomy	35875
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0200001708
Nature Serve	2.151988
IPNI	528046-1
iNaturalist	126225
GBIF	2856504
Freebase	/m/042lv8
EPPO	ALLFI
EOL	1084499
Elurikkus	2652
USDA GRIN	2276
Wikipedia	Allium_fistulosum
CMAUP	NPO28923
PFAF	Allium fistulosum

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_030737815.1	ASM3073781v1	Chromosome	Northwestern Polytechnical University	2023-08-16	40	10.87 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

A Deep Dive into Allium Satellite DNAs: Expansion and Characterization of the Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum Satellitomes.

Ermolaev A, Khrustaleva L, Kudryavtseva N

Int J Mol Sci

13-Apr-2026

PMCID:	PMC13116747
doi:	10.3390/ijms27083476
PMID:	42074125

The Impact of Thallium Exposure in Public Health and Molecular Toxicology: A Comprehensive Review

Chang Y, Chiang CK

Int J Mol Sci

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11084277
doi:	10.3390/ijms25094750
PMID:	38731969

The enhancement of astaxanthin production in Phaffia rhodozyma through a synergistic melatonin treatment and zinc finger transcription factor gene overexpression

Jia J, Chen Z, Li Q, Li F, Liu S, Bao G

Front Microbiol

11-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11043562
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367084
PMID:	38666259

Antidiabetic Property Optimization from Green Leafy Vegetables Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction to Improve Cracker Production

Maser WH, Maiyah N, Karnjanapratum S, Nukthamna P, Thompson AK, Huda N, Moula Ali AM, Bavisetty SC

Prev Nutr Food Sci

31-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10987381
doi:	10.3746/pnf.2024.29.1.47
PMID:	38576886

Cytogenomic Characterization of Transposable Elements and Satellite DNA in Passiflora L. Species

Silva GS, Souza MM, Pamponét VD, Micheli F, de Melo CA, de Oliveira SG, Costa EA

Genes (Basel)

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11049143
doi:	10.3390/genes15040418
PMID:	38674353

Local knowledge of homegarden plants in Miao ethnic communities in Laershan region, Xiangxi area, China

Luo J, Li Q, He J, Yan J, Zhang S, Chang X, Wu T

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

18-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10946099
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00676-x
PMID:	38500123

Insect immune resolution with EpOME/DiHOME and its dysregulation by their analogs leading to pathogen hypersensitivity

Hrithik MT, Shahmohammadi N, Jin G, Lee DH, Singh N, Vik A, Hammock BD, Kim Y

Insect Biochem Mol Biol

15-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11062637
doi:	10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104104
PMID:	38494144

Vegetable Extracts as Therapeutic Agents: A Comprehensive Exploration of Anti-Allergic Effects

Takemoto K, Ganlin T, Iji M, Narukawa T, Koyama T, Hao L, Watanabe H

Nutrients

29-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10933941
doi:	10.3390/nu16050693
PMID:	38474821

Metagenomic insight to apprehend the fungal communities associated with leaf blight of Welsh onion in Taiwan

Jayasinghe H, Chang HX, Knobloch S, Yang SH, Hendalage DP, Ariyawansa KG, Liu PY, Stadler M, Ariyawansa HA

Front Plant Sci

29-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10941342
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1352997
PMID:	38495366

Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Tissue Parts of Post-Harvest Chive (Allium schoenoprasum L.)

Dai X, Jia C, Lu J, Yu Z

Antioxidants (Basel)

25-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10967344
doi:	10.3390/antiox13030279
PMID:	38539813

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Yi people in Mile, Yunnan, China

Li H, Huang C, Li Y, Wang P, Sun J, Bi Z, Xia S, Xiong Y, Bai X, Huang X

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

23-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10893717
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00656-1
PMID:	38395900

Wild mushrooms as potential reservoirs of plant pathogenic bacteria: a case study on Burkholderia gladioli

Hamidizade M, Taghavi SM, Soleimani A, Bouazar M, Abachi H, Portier P, Osdaghi E

Microbiol Spectr

21-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10986547
doi:	10.1128/spectrum.03395-23
PMID:	38380912

Evolutionary origin and distribution of amino acid mutations associated with resistance to sodium channel modulators in onion thrips, Thrips tabaci

Jouraku A, Tomizawa Y, Watanabe K, Yamada K, Kuwazaki S, Aizawa M, Toda S, Sonoda S

Sci Rep

15-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10869772
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-54443-9
PMID:	38360913

Retrospective survey of Dickeya fangzhongdai using a novel validated real-time PCR assay

Alič Š, Bačnik K, Dreo T

Front Microbiol

13-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10896844
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1249955
PMID:	38414710

Ascorbate-glutathione cycle in wheat and rice seedlings under anoxia and subsequent reaeration

Yemelyanov VV, Prikaziuk EG, Lastochkin VV, Aresheva OM, Chirkova TV

Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10917661
doi:	10.18699/vjgb-24-06
PMID:	38465246

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines
Liriodenine	10144	Click to see C1OC2=C(O1)C3=C4C(=C2)C=CN=C4C(=O)C5=CC=CC=C53	275.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid	135	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O	138.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives
Vanillic Acid	8468	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)O)O	168.15	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
(E,8R,11S,12S)-8,11,12-trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid	162989953	Click to see	330.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
8,11,12-Trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid	78385598	Click to see CCCCCCC(C(C=CC(CCCCCCC(=O)O)O)O)O	330.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
Tianshic acid	5321949	Click to see	330.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] (E,8R,11S,12S)-8,11,12-trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoate	162860635	Click to see CCCCCCC(C(C=CC(CCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O	404.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl 8,11,12-trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoate	73112701	Click to see	404.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Biflorane and serrulatane diterpenoids
seco-pseudopterosin H	11477080	Click to see CC1CCC(C2=C1C(=C(C(=C2)C)OC3C(C(C(CO3)OC(=O)C)O)O)O)C(C)CCC=C(C)C	476.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins
Dichotomin	46906324	Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)O	1195.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Dioscin	119245	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	869.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50080A003
Fistulosaponin A	46849333	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)C)O)O)O)OC4CC5=CCC6C(C5(CC4=O)C)CCC7(C6CC8C7C(=C(O8)CCC(C)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C)C)CO)O)O)O	1045.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistulosaponin B	46849495	Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CC(=O)C(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O	1063.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistulosaponin C	46906322	Click to see	1063.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistulosaponin D	46849661	Click to see	1095.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistulosaponin E	46849662	Click to see CC1=C(OC2C1C3(CCC4C(C3C2)CC=C5C4(CC(C(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)CCC(C)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O	1079.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistulosaponin F	46849836	Click to see	1097.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Fistuloside A	131752505	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CC(C(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	738.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50080A003
Fistuloside B	131752506	Click to see	901.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50080A003
Fistuloside C	131752507	Click to see	917.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50080A003
Protogracillin	441892	Click to see	1065.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Protoneogracillin	46906323	Click to see	1065.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
Trigonelloside C	441899	Click to see	1049.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900815P
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
> Organic acids and derivatives / Thiosulfinic acid esters
Allicin	65036	Click to see	162.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aldehydes / Aryl-aldehydes
2-Formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-butyric acid	10198218	Click to see	211.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025651O
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones
(2R)-5-methyl-2-octylfuran-3-one	162966106	Click to see CCCCCCCCC1C(=O)C=C(O1)C	210.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83097-6
3(2H)-Furanone, 5-methyl-2-octyl-	529383	Click to see CCCCCCCCC1C(=O)C=C(O1)C	210.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83097-6
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Hydroxyindoles
2-octadecyl-1H-indol-3-ol	11574561	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2N1)O	385.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00170-3
> Organosulfur compounds
Butyl-hydroxy-oxo-sulfanylidene-lambda6-sulfane	12728839	Click to see	154.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00040A033
> Organosulfur compounds / Allyl sulfur compounds
Allyl propyl disulfide	16591	Click to see CCCSSCC=C	148.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.52.2383
Diallyl Sulfide	11617	Click to see	114.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organosulfur compounds / Organic disulfides
1-Propenyl propyl disulfide	5352908	Click to see CCCSSC=CC	148.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
> Organosulfur compounds / Organic disulfides / Dialkyldisulfides
Dipropyl disulfide	12377	Click to see	150.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2000.9712157 https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10869050 https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.52.2383 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00040A033 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
Disulfide, methyl 1-(1-propenylthio)propyl	528852	Click to see CCC(SC=CC)SSC	194.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
> Organosulfur compounds / Organic trisulfides
1-Methyl-3-(prop-1-EN-1-YL)trisulfane	528712	Click to see	152.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
Dipropyl trisulfide	22383	Click to see CCCSSSCCC	182.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2000.9712157
Methyl propyl trisulfide	5319765	Click to see	154.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2000.9712157 https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.52.2383 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017 https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10869050
Trisulfide, methyl 1-propenyl	5352690	Click to see	152.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00096A017
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Cinnamamide, p-hydroxy-N-(p-hydroxyphenethyl)-	89322	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1CCNC(=O)C=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O	283.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.61.1138
Paprazine	5372945	Click to see	283.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.61.1138
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
Baicalein	5281605	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Myricetin	5281672	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	318.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxyhexopyranoside	5353915	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-fucopyranoside	5359430	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
Hesperidin	10621	Click to see	610.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Hesperetin	72281	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	302.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.955

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Allium fistulosum

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