Levisticum officinale

Details

Ethnobotanical Use

General Uses

Synonyms

Common Names

Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)

Germination/Propagation

Distribution

Links to other databases

Genome

Scientific Literature

Phytochemical Profile

Gallery

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Details Top

Internal ID	UUID643ff4336b838773792523
Scientific name	Levisticum officinale
Authority	W.D.J.Koch
First published in	Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 12(1): 101 (1824)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Leaves are used as a fresh herb and seasoning, typically added to soups, salads, and stocks for a celery-like flavor. Seeds serve as a spice, used whole or ground in pickles, dressings, sauces, and savory dishes such as meat or vegetable preparations. The seed essential oil is employed as a natural flavoring in processed foods and beverages, often for top-note aroma; compositional studies report phthalides (e.g., ligustilide) and terpenoids that contribute its characteristic aroma.

Properties relevant to use:
The seed oil’s flavor profile is attributed to phthalides and related terpenoid constituents; such compounds are typical of umbellifer flavor chemistry. These components give the plant parts a strong, aromatic quality suitable for culinary seasoning and flavoring applications.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ligusticum levisticum	L.	Sp. Pl. : 250 (1753)
Angelica levisticum	All.	Fl. Pedem. 2: 10 (1785)
Angelica paludapifolia	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 3: 451 (1779)
Hipposelinum levisticum	Britton & Rose	Ill. Fl. N. U.S. , ed. 2, 2: 635 (1913)
Selinum levisticum	E.H.L.Krause	Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 12: 116 (1904)
Levisticum levisticum	H.Karst.	Ill. Repert. Pharm.-Med. Bot. : 844 (1886)
Levisticum caucasicum	Lipsky	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 14: 271 (1896)
Levisticum paludapifolium	Asch.	Fl. Brandenburg 1: 250 (1860)
Levisticum persicum	Freyn & Bornm.	Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 619 (1897)
Levisticum vulgare	Rchb.	Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 463 (1832)
Levisticum vulgare	Hill	Brit. Herb. : 423 (1756)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	wild celery
English	lovage
English	garden lovage
Spanish	ligustico
Spanish	ligústico
Spanish	levístico
Spanish	levistico
Spanish	legustico
Spanish	esmirnio
Spanish	apio silvestre de monte
Spanish	apio de montaña
Spanish	angélica montana
Spanish	angelica montana
Afrikaans	lavas
Arabic	كاشم رومي
Arabic	ليفيستيكوم
Arabic	انجذان
Arabic	كاشم
Azerbaijani	dərman levistiki
Belarusian	Любіста
Bulgarian	девесил
Bulgarian	лющян
Bulgarian	дивисил
Bulgarian	дивесил
Bulgarian	девисил
Catalan	api bord
Czech	libeček lékařský
Welsh	llwfach
Danish	løvstikke
Danish	maggiurt
German	lusstock
German	luststock
German	maggikraut
German	liebstöckel
German	liebstock
Greek	Λεβιστικόν το φαρμακευτικόν
Esperanto	levistiko
Estonian	harilik leeskputk
Basque	mendi-apio
Persian	انجدان رومی
Finnish	liperi
Finnish	lipstikka
Finnish	rohtoliperi
French	livèche
French	livêche
French	liveche
French	ache des montagnes
French	ache de montagne
Irish	luáiste
Hebrew	לאושטיאן
Hebrew	לאושטיין
Croatian	ljupčac
Hungarian	orvosi lestyán
Hungarian	lestyán
Indonesian	angdan
Icelandic	skessujurt
Italian	levistico
Italian	sedano di monte
Japanese	ラビッジ
Japanese	ラベッジ
Japanese	ロベージ
Japanese	ロベッジ
Japanese	ラベージ
Kazakh	Сүйментамыр
Korean	러비지
lb	léifstack
lb	majiskraut
Lithuanian	vaistinė gelsvė
Lithuanian	gelsvė
Latvian	Ārstniecības lupstājs
Macedonian	Селен (растение)
Norwegian Bokmål	løpstikke
Dutch	maggiplant
Dutch	maggikruid
Dutch	lubbestok
Dutch	lavaselder
Dutch	bastaardselder
Dutch	lavas
Norwegian Nynorsk	løpstikke
oc	api salvatge
Polish	lubczyk
Polish	lubczyk ogrodowy
Portuguese	levístico
Romanian	leuștean
Romanian	leuştean
Russian	Зоря лекарственная
Russian	Любисток лекарственный
Russian	Любисток
Samogitian	liūbīstra
Slovak	ligurček lekársky
Slovenian	luštrek
Serbian	selen
Swedish	libsticka
Swedish	lipstika
Swedish	libbsticka
Ukrainian	Любисток лікарський
Chinese	欧当归

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China North-central
  - China Southeast
  - Inner Mongolia
  - Manchuria
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Iran

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - North European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Great Britain
  - Iceland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Québec
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Vermont
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
- Western Canada
  - Saskatchewan

Southern America click to expand
- Southern South America
  - Chile South

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000360816
UNII	SZD8739PH1
Canadensys	2586
USDA Plants	LEOF
Tropicos	1700152
INPN	105857
Flora of Italy	3610
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:844187-1
The Plant List	kew-2341672
Missouri Botanical Garden	275995
Open Tree Of Life	130944
Observations.org	6981
NCBI Taxonomy	48042
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0000460315
Nature Serve	2.153018
IPNI	844187-1
iNaturalist	59432
GBIF	5371772
Freebase	/m/02fl7z
EPPO	LEWOF
EOL	467097
Elurikkus	5469
USDA GRIN	22014
Wikipedia	Lovage
CMAUP	NPO25369

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_976925295.1	drLevOffi1.hap1.1	Chromosome	WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE	2025-11-08	28	4.06 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Strategies, Achievements, and Potential Challenges of Plant and Microbial Chassis in the Biosynthesis of Plant Secondary Metabolites

Han T, Miao G

Molecules

02-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085123
doi:	10.3390/molecules29092106
PMID:	38731602

New Light on Plants and Their Chemical Compounds Used in Polish Folk Medicine to Treat Urinary Diseases

Olas B, Różański W, Urbańska K, Sławińska N, Bryś M

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

28-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054606
doi:	10.3390/ph17040435
PMID:	38675397

Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Melanosciadium (Apiaceae), Based on Plastid Genomes and Morphological Evidence

Jiang QP, Guo XL, Zhao AQ, Fan X, Li Q, Zhou SD, He XJ

Plants (Basel)

21-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974901
doi:	10.3390/plants13060907
PMID:	38592923

Saving the local tradition: ethnobotanical survey on the use of plants in Bologna district (Italy)

Chiocchio I, Marincich L, Mandrone M, Trincia S, Tarozzi C, Poli F

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10936038
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00664-1
PMID:	38475780

Types and Mechanisms of Efflux Pump Systems and the Potential of Efflux Pump Inhibitors in the Restoration of Antimicrobial Susceptibility, with a Special Reference to Acinetobacter baumannii

Zack KM, Sorenson T, Joshi SG

Pathogens

23-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974122
doi:	10.3390/pathogens13030197
PMID:	38535540

Haplotype-phased genome unveils the butylphthalide biosynthesis and homoploid hybrid origin of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Nie B, Chen X, Hou Z, Guo M, Li C, Sun W, Ji J, Zang L, Yang S, Fan P, Zhang W, Li H, Tan Y, Li W, Wang L

Sci Adv

07-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10849598
doi:	10.1126/sciadv.adj6547
PMID:	38324681

Three-tiered authentication of herbal traditional Chinese medicine ingredients used in women’s health provides progressive qualitative and quantitative insight

Mück F, Scotti F, Mauvisseau Q, Thorbek BL, Wangensteen H, de Boer HJ

Front Pharmacol

05-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10875096
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1353434
PMID:	38375033

DNA barcoding of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qiang-huo) and identification of adulteration in its medicinal services

Liu ZW, Zhou J

Sci Rep

04-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10838912
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-53008-0
PMID:	38311607

Therapeutic potential of mangiferin in cancer: Unveiling regulatory pathways, mechanisms of action, and bioavailability enhancements – An updated review

Iqbal H, Inam‐Ur‐Raheem M, Munir S, Rabail R, Kafeel S, Shahid A, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Aadil RM

Food Sci Nutr

20-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10916574
doi:	10.1002/fsn3.3869
PMID:	38455223

Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants

Wu B, Shi S, Zhang H, Lu B, Nan P, A Y

PeerJ

06-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10710134
doi:	10.7717/peerj.16508
PMID:	38077428

Complementary authentication of Chinese herbal products to treat endometriosis using DNA metabarcoding and HPTLC shows a high level of variability

Mück F, Scotti F, Mauvisseau Q, Raclariu-Manolică AC, Schrøder-Nielsen A, Wangensteen H, de Boer HJ

Front Pharmacol

05-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10728824
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1305410
PMID:	38116075

Carrot Juice Intake Affects the Cytokine and Chemokine Response in Human Blood after Ex Vivo Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation

Kobaek-Larsen M, Deding U, Al-Najami I, Clausen BH, Christensen LP

Nutrients

02-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10707883
doi:	10.3390/nu15235002
PMID:	38068860

Advances in the phytochemistry and pharmacology of plant-derived phthalides

Chen Y, Cheng Q, Lv S, Kang Z, Zeng S

Heliyon

29-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10703732
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22957
PMID:	38076133

Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal Herbs and Spices from Plants of the Lamiaceae, Apiaceae and Asteraceae Families: Chemometric Interpretation of the Data

Ulewicz-Magulska B, Wesolowski M

Antioxidants (Basel)

24-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10740862
doi:	10.3390/antiox12122039
PMID:	38136159

Exploring the Antimicrobial Properties of 99 Natural Flavour and Fragrance Raw Materials against Pathogenic Bacteria: A Comparative Study with Antibiotics

Bacińska Z, Baberowska K, Surowiak AK, Balcerzak L, Strub DJ

Plants (Basel)

06-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10648197
doi:	10.3390/plants12213777
PMID:	37960133

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Halobenzoic acids and derivatives / Halobenzoic acids
2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid	59447444	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1OC(F)(F)F)Br)C(=O)O	285.01	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Vanillin	1183	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=O)O	152.15	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Gamma-Terpinene	7461	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Straight chain fatty acids
Butyric Acid	264	Click to see CCCC(=O)O	88.11	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19430260503
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
Geranyl acetate	1549026	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCOC(=O)C)C)C	196.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols
(3R,8S,9E)-heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol	56935895	Click to see	260.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(3S,8R)-heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol	131954651	Click to see CCCCCCCC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)O	260.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2408 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198420334
(E,R)-Heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyne-3-ol	56935896	Click to see	244.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2408
Falcarindiol	5281148	Click to see	260.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2408 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
Heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol	3321	Click to see CCCCCCCC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)O	260.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
Panaxynol	5281149	Click to see	244.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
(R)-(+)-Citronellal	75427	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)CC=O	154.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-OCIMENE, (3E)-	5281553	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
beta-Ocimene, (3Z)-	5320250	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Myrcene	31253	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
Carvacrol	10364	Click to see CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088 https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19430260503
P-Cymene	7463	Click to see	134.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Thymol	6989	Click to see	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(+-)-alpha-Pinene	6654	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Beta-Pinene	14896	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Camphene	6616	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Sabinene	18818	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
alpha-PHELLANDRENE	7460	Click to see CC1=CCC(C=C1)C(C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Alpha-Terpineol	17100	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Beta-Phellandrene	11142	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC(=C)C=C1	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Limonene, (+/-)-	22311	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Terpinolene	11463	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
(S,1Z,6Z)-8-Isopropyl-1-methyl-5-methylenecyclodeca-1,6-diene	91723653	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
Germacrene D	5317570	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Pregnane steroids / Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
Pregnenolone	8955	Click to see CC(=O)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	316.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	163042776	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.17-1167
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.17-1167
> Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Purine nucleosides
Adenosine	60961	Click to see C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N	267.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
Gal(a1-2)Glc(b1-2b)Fruf	101493517	Click to see	504.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
GlyTouCan:G20812UT	53301851	Click to see	342.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sucrose	5988	Click to see	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides
(2R,3S,4S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(hydroxymethylidene)oxolane-3,4-diol	56947165	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(=CO)O1)O)O)O	162.14	unknown	via CMAUP database
D-(-)-Fructose	5984	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
D-Fructose	2723872	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)(CO)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
(2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal	3037556	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
D-Galactose	6036	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
D-Glucose	5793	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
D(+)-Glucose	107526	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ketene acetals
(1Z,3E)-1,4-diaminobuta-1,3-diene-1,4-diolate	53338995	Click to see C(=C(N)[O-])C=C(N)[O-]	114.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones / Butenolides
(1S,2S,6Z,10S,11S,16E)-6,16-di(butylidene)-5,15-dioxapentacyclo[9.5.2.01,13.02,10.03,7]octadeca-3(7),12-diene-4,14-dione	163194454	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
Diligustilide	73099887	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
Levistolide A	70698035	Click to see CCCC=C1C2=C(C3C(CC2)C4CCC35C(=C4)C(=O)OC5=CCCC)C(=O)O1	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221 https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198420334
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / 6-aminopurines
[(2S,5S)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]methanol	45102554	Click to see	279.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Carbazoles
Clausine C	11817681	Click to see	255.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isobenzofurans
(3R,6S,7S)-3-Butyl-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one	24121290	Click to see CCCCC1C2=C(C(C(CC2)O)O)C(=O)O1	226.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
(3S)-3-butyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	5321250	Click to see	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
(3Z,6S,7R)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	5321251	Click to see CCCC=C1C2=C(C(C(CC2)O)O)C(=O)O1	224.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
(6R,7R)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	131954670	Click to see	224.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
(6R,7S)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	131874235	Click to see	224.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
(E)-3-Butylidene-4,5-dihydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one	5877292	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559
3-Butanoyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	11264524	Click to see	222.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
3-butyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3H-2-benzofuran-1-one	5315566	Click to see	194.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-Butylidene-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1-one	529865	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
3-N-Butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide	173843	Click to see CCCCC1C2=C(C=CCC2)C(=O)O1	192.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.109.6_402
3-N-butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide, (S)-	3085257	Click to see	192.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.109.6_402 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
Angeolide	54607915	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198420334 https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221
Cnidilide	160710	Click to see	194.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.109.6_402 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638
Ligustilide	5319022	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.109.6_402 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962102 https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198420334 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698088 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746 https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.198419840221 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF9800559
Npc161706	11241196	Click to see	206.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
Npc189071	10013283	Click to see	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
Sedanolide	5018391	Click to see CCCCC1C2CCCC=C2C(=O)O1	194.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isocoumarans / Isobenzofuranones
(Z)-3-butylidene-7-hydroxyphthalide	5281559	Click to see	204.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3-butylidene-	62368	Click to see CCCC=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1	188.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
Butylidenephthalide	5352899	Click to see	188.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.112.9_638 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746
Senkyunolide C	642374	Click to see CCCC=C1C2=C(C=CC(=C2)O)C(=O)O1	204.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
Senkyunolide E	11830530	Click to see	204.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Coniferyl ferulate	6441913	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.32.3770
Ferulate	54691413	Click to see	193.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Ferulic Acid	445858	Click to see	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.110.10_746 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.35.1427
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens
Psoralen	6199	Click to see	186.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens / 5-methoxypsoralens
Bergapten	2355	Click to see COC1=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=CC3=C1C=CO3	216.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19430260503
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
7-Hydroxy(~2~H_5_)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one	45358955	Click to see	167.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Angular pyranocoumarins
((9R,10R)-8,8-Dimethyl-9-((Z)-2-Methylbut-2-Enoyl)Oxy-2-Oxo-9,10-Dihydropyrano(2,3-F)Chromen-10-Yl) (Z)-2-Methylbut-2-Enoate	10251869	Click to see	426.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-10-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-9-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	102373118	Click to see	344.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-10-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-9-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	11244847	Click to see	344.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-8,8-dimethyl-10-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-9-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	10319604	Click to see	414.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-9-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	51422443	Click to see	346.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-9-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	5320810	Click to see	344.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(9R,10R)-9-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl] 3-methylbut-2-enoate	51669194	Click to see	344.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Calipteryxin	15945070	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2=C(C=CC3=C2OC(=O)C=C3)OC1(C)C)OC(=O)C=C(C)C	426.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isosamidin	442133	Click to see CC(=CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC2=C1C3=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)(C)C)OC(=O)C)C	386.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Khellactone, cis-(+)-	455821	Click to see	262.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
Praeruptorin C	5320692	Click to see	428.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pteryxin	5281425	Click to see	386.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Selinidin	668079	Click to see	328.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Seravshanin	10317265	Click to see	374.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Suksdorfin	72414	Click to see CC(C)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC2=C1C3=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)(C)C)OC(=O)C	388.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxychromen-4-one	57339948	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(OC4O)CO)O)O)O)O	464.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	53399169	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-8-methoxy-	5492077	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	508.40	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Levisticum officinale

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