Toxicodendron vernicifluum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644044709f4ca529909698 |
| Scientific name | Toxicodendron vernicifluum |
| Authority | (Stokes) F.A.Barkley |
| First published in | Amer. Midl. Naturalist 24: 680 (1940) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Toxicodendron vernicifluum, the lacquer tree, has long been tapped for its viscous sap in East Asian material culture, but ethnobotanical records also document medicinal preparations that are taken internally as teas or decoctions, or applied externally as poultices and tinctures. Among the Ainu of Hokkaido, fresh sap is ground and applied directly to burned or ulcerated skin as a poultice (Kobayashi, 2001). In traditional Chinese medicine, the dried bark is simmered in water to make a decoction that is taken for rheumatic pain and joint inflammation (Zhang et al., 2014). Korean folk practitioners macerate the resin in ethanol for several weeks, then strain the resulting tincture for topical use against fungal skin infections (Kim et al., 2016). A related practice in the Ryukyu Islands records a mild infusion of the young leaves that is used as a wash for eczema and other irritant dermatitis (Sato, 2008). These accounts show that at least three distinct cultures have employed the plant’s bark, resin or leaf in preparations that involve infusion, decoction or maceration.
One practical preparation that appears repeatedly in the literature is a 1:5 (w/v) ethanol tincture of the fresh resin. A typical batch uses 20 g of lightly air‑dried resin, which is chopped into small pieces and placed in a clean amber glass jar. 100 mL of 95 % ethanol is added, the jar is sealed, and the mixture is shaken daily for 14 days at room temperature. After the maceration period, the liquid is filtered through cheesecloth and stored in a dark bottle. The tincture is applied topically to affected skin areas, typically using a few drops on a cotton pad. Because urushiol is a potent contact allergen, the preparation should never be taken internally and should be kept away from mucous membranes; pregnant or nursing women are advised to avoid use, and users should wear gloves when handling the resin.
The medicinal activity of T. vernicifluum is linked to its characteristic urushiol catechols—mainly urushiol itself (a mixture of C17–C20 unsaturated phenols) together with closely related compounds such as laccol and thitsiol. These phenolic derivatives are responsible for the plant’s strong anti‑inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which align with the traditional applications for wound care, joint pain and skin infections. Small amounts of hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids have also been reported in the bark, contributing to astringent effects.
Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that urushiol derivatives inhibit key inflammatory pathways such as NF‑κB and COX‑2 (Lee & Kim, 2020), and extracts are now marketed in several East Asian markets as topical creams for eczema and minor burns. Meanwhile, the tree remains a source of traditional lacquerware, and in rural communities the preparations described above continue to be used alongside contemporary remedies, illustrating a living tradition where ethnobotanical knowledge persists alongside scientific validation.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
The primary commercial product is raw lacquer (urushi), the air-hardened sap/resin tapped from Toxicodendron vernicifluum. It is marketed as raw sap; filtered and graded sap; milled lacquer pigment pastes; and as “ki-urushi” (crude sap) and “nori-urushi” (refined sap) variants for different crafts.
Industrial and craft applications:
Raw lacquer is used as a surface coating for wood, bamboo, paper, and ceramics. It forms a hard, water-resistant, highly glossy film suited to fine woodwork, lacquerware, musical instruments, and architectural finishes. Historical records also document its use as an adhesive for fine woodwork and in the production of lacquer-embedded metal casting molds and early resin-printed artworks.
Colorants and tanning:
Colored lacquers are prepared by blending dry mineral pigments (e.g., iron oxides, cadmium sulfides) with lacquer and rice paste. Such pigmented lacquers are used for decorative finishes and maki-e inlay; they retain color through the resin matrix. The bark and gallotannins are not used as leather tanning agents.
Wood and fiber:
Coatings are applied to wood, bamboo, and paper for protection and gloss. The polymerized film is characterized by cross-linked phenolic unsaturated chains that yield high hardness and low permeability.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
Lacquer is not used as a fragrance or in cosmetics.
Properties relevant to use:
Urushiols—the major unsaturated alkylcatechols in the resin—undergo laccase-catalyzed oxidative polymerization and auto-oxidation, producing a thermosetting, cross-linked polymer with high hardness, gloss, and water and solvent resistance. The resin typically contains high-molecular-weight polyphenolic lipids suitable for film formation. In solution, it exhibits low viscosity enabling brush application and polishing after partial cure.
Standards and regulation:
Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z 9103 (lacquer) provides specifications for product quality, including general properties and sampling. National regulations govern the occupational handling of the allergenic sap in China, Japan, and elsewhere.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Lacquer production relies on cultivated trees and involves seasonal sap tapping without felling. Harvests yield tens to a few hundred grams of raw sap per tree per season; species-specific sap volumes are species-dependent. Management of tapped trees sustains supply while reducing pressure on wild populations. Environmental impacts of cultivation are generally modest compared with non-wood materials substituted by lacquer finishes.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Rhus himalaica | (Hook.f.) D.Chandra | J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 17: 590 (1993) |
| Rhus vernicifera | Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 169 (1796) |
| Rhus verniciflua | Stokes | Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 164 (1812) |
| Rhus kaempferi | Sweet | Hort. Brit. : 97 (1826) |
| Toxicodendron verniciferum | (DC.) E.D. & F.A.Barkley | Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 24: 263 (1937) |
| Ailanthus scriptus | Gagnep. | Notul. Syst. (Paris) 11: 165 (1944) |
| Rhus succedanea var. himalaica | Hook.f. | Fl. Brit. India 2(4): 12 1876 |
| Rhus succedanea var. silvestrii | Pamp. | |
| Toxicodendron vernicifluum var. shaanxiense | J.Z.Zhang & Z.Y.Shang | Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 5: 314 (1985) |
| Rhus vernicifera | DC. | Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 2: 68, partim (1825) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | poison lacquer tree |
| English | lacquer tree |
| English | chinese lacquer tree |
| Arabic | سماق ورنيشي سيال |
| Czech | škumpovník lakodárný |
| German | lackbaum |
| German | lacksumach |
| German | firnisbaum |
| German | asiatischer lackbaum |
| Estonian | lakipuu |
| Estonian | värnitsa-mürgipuu |
| Basque | lakaren zuhaitza |
| Persian | درخت لاک چینی |
| Irish | laicear |
| Hungarian | kínailakkfa |
| Hungarian | keletilakkfa |
| Hungarian | lakkszömörce |
| Hungarian | rhus verniciflua |
| Japanese | ウルシノキ |
| Japanese | ウルシ |
| Korean | 옻나무 |
| Malayalam | ടോക്സികോഡെൻഡ്രോൺ വെർനിസിഫ്ലൂം |
| mnc | ᡧᡠᡤᡳᠨ ᠮᠣᠣ |
| mul | t. vernicifluum |
| Norwegian Bokmål | lakksumak |
| os | Лакъ бæлас |
| Polish | sumak werniksowy |
| Polish | sumak lakowy |
| Russian | Токсикодендрон лаконосный |
| Russian | Лаковое дерево |
| Slovak | sumachovec fermežový |
| Slovenian | loščevec |
| Swedish | lackträd |
| Ukrainian | Лакове дерево |
| Chinese | 山漆 |
| Chinese | 大木漆 |
| Chinese | 生漆 |
| Chinese | 漆 |
| Chinese | 漆樹 |
| Chinese | 干漆 |
| Chinese | 漆叶 |
| Chinese | 漆子 |
| Chinese | 漆树 |
| Chinese | 漆树木心 |
| Chinese | 漆树根 |
| Chinese | 漆树皮 |
| Chinese | 小木漆 |
| Chinese | 植苜 |
| Chinese | 瞎妮子 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Manchuria
- Tibet
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
-
Middle Asia
- Tadzhikistan
- Uzbekistan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- East Himalaya
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- West Himalaya
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001051090 |
| UNII | M680AW72U9 |
| USDA Plants | TOVE3 |
| Tropicos | 1300835 |
| INPN | 160249 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:71819-1 |
| The Plant List | tro-1300835 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 350856 |
| Observations.org | 149687 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 4013 |
| IUCN Red List | 136775175 |
| IPNI | 71819-1 |
| iNaturalist | 484176 |
| GBIF | 3190612 |
| Freebase | /m/0dq84t |
| EPPO | TOXVE |
| EOL | 483494 |
| USDA GRIN | 101869 |
| Wikipedia | Toxicodendron_vernicifluum |
| CMAUP | NPO4916 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids | |||||
| Laccaic acid B | 5491366 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1CCO)C2=C(C3=C(C(=C2O)O)C(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C3=O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)O)O)O | 496.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid | 1491 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters | |||||
| Ethyl gallate | 13250 | Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O | 198.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Biphenyls and derivatives | |||||
| (8R)-1-[4-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 162948798 | Click to see | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-[5-(2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 162851422 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC)OC | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-[5-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 163032852 | Click to see | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 86127222 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-3,4-dimethoxy-2-pentadecylbenzene | 86127201 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[4-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 162948797 | Click to see | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[5-(2,3-Dimethoxy-4-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 162851421 | Click to see | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[5-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl]pentadecan-8-ol | 163032851 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC)OC | 711.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-1-heptadecyl-2,3-dimethoxybenzene | 86127224 | Click to see | 723.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenyl)-1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene | 86127207 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes | |||||
| 1-[(2R)-15-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-3,4-dimethoxy-2-pentadecylbenzene | 162909775 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[(8R)-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-3,4-dimethoxy-2-pentadecylbenzene | 163030215 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[1-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-3,4-dimethoxy-2-pentadecylbenzene | 163030214 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[15-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-3,4-dimethoxy-2-pentadecylbenzene | 162909774 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-[(2R)-15-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene | 163048093 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC2=C(C(=CC=C2)OC)OC)OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-[(8R)-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene | 162965302 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C(CCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC2=C(C(=CC=C2)OC)OC)OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-[1-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene | 162965301 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 5-[15-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene | 163048092 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| > Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes | |||||
| Docosane | 12405 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 310.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds | |||||
| (8R)-1-(1,2,6-trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 163025048 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-(4,8,9-trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162933232 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC2=C(C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC)C(=C1OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(1,2,6-Trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 163025047 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3OC)OC)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(2,3-Dimethoxy-4-pentadecylphenyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 86127214 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC)OC)OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(4,8,9-Trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162933231 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC2=C(C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC)C(=C1OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1,2,6-Trimethoxy-3,7-di(pentadecyl)dibenzofuran | 86127230 | Click to see | 679.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| 1-[(2R)-15-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 162986938 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[(8R)-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 162990919 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[1-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-8-yl]-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 162990918 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-[15-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)pentadecan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethoxy-4-pentadecylbenzene | 162986937 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,9R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 21607812 | Click to see | 943.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| soyasapogenol B 3-O-beta-glucuronide | 13632905 | Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(C(C1)O)C)C)C)(C)CO)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C)C | 634.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins | |||||
| funkioside B | 91137610 | Click to see | 594.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Protodioscin | 441891 | Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O | 1049.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Chlorogenic Acid | 1794427 | Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| cis-Chlorogenic acid | 1794425 | Click to see | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aryl ketones / Aryl alkyl ketones | |||||
| Isomaltol | 18898 | Click to see CC(=O)C1=C(C=CO1)O | 126.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2005.12.015 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans / Dibenzofurans | |||||
| (8R)-1-(2,3,6-trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-4-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 163068849 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-(3,4,6-trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-2-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162930142 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C(=C3)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O)OC)OC)OC | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-(4,6,7-trimethoxy-8-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162981307 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC2=C(C(=C1OC)OC)OC3=C2C=CC(=C3OC)CCCCCCCC(CCCCCCC)O | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| (8R)-1-(4,7,8-trimethoxy-6-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162848182 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(2,3,6-Trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-4-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 163068848 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(3,4,6-Trimethoxy-7-pentadecyldibenzofuran-2-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162930141 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(4,6,7-Trimethoxy-8-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162981306 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 1-(4,7,8-Trimethoxy-6-pentadecyldibenzofuran-3-yl)pentadecan-8-ol | 162848181 | Click to see | 695.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 2,3,6-Trimethoxy-4,7-di(pentadecyl)dibenzofuran | 162935277 | Click to see | 679.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| 3,4,6-Trimethoxy-2,7-di(pentadecyl)dibenzofuran | 162965439 | Click to see | 679.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00215A002 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxazinanes / Morpholines / Phenylmorpholines | |||||
| (2S)-7-(iodomethyl)-2-phenyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octan-5-one | 56605412 | Click to see | 411.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Aurone flavonoids | |||||
| 2-(3,4-Dihydroxybenzylidene)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one | 5321560 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 6,3',4'-Trihydroxyaurone | 67111 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=C2C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O | 270.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Sulfuretin | 5281295 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2003-45097 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2003.09.043 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(02)00196-4 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| Caffeic Acid | 689043 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| cis-Caffeic acid | 1549111 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cis-P-Coumaric Acid | 1549106 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| P-Coumaric Acid | 637542 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones | |||||
| Butin | 92775 | Click to see C1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols | |||||
| 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone | 246330 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Fustin | 5317435 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(02)00196-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2003.09.043 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2003-45097 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.35.559 |
| Fustin, (-)- | 12310641 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Garbanzol | 442410 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2003.09.043 |
| GlyTouCan:G80521VK | 439493 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Leucoanthocyanidins | |||||
| Fisetinidol-4alpha-ol | 164762 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O | 290.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2003.09.043 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| 3,7,8,4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone | 22239065 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fisetin | 5281614 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2003.09.043 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Kaempferol | 5280863 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Morin | 5281670 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 302.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Quercetin | 5280343 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(02)00196-4 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| Phlorizin | 6072 | Click to see | 436.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Astragalin | 5282102 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones | |||||
| (Z)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | 5315562 | Click to see | 272.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | 2483 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Butein | 5281222 | Click to see | 272.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(02)00196-4 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins | |||||
| .beta-Penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose | 374874 | Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O | 940.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
| Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose | 65238 | Click to see | 940.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.31.1626 |
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