Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Traditional preparations of Cissampelos pareira have been recorded among several cultures. Among the Kuna of Panama, healers have used leaf and stem infusions to treat fever and digestive complaints (Schultes and Raffauf, 1990). In the Peruvian Amazon, Yanesha people prepared stem decoctions for urinary issues and as a diuretic (Bennett et al., 2021). In Amazonian Peru and Bolivia, healers applied warm poultices of leaves or stems to the bite site after snake envenomation (Cabieses, 1993). Tzeltal and Tzotzil communities in Chiapas, Mexico, apply poultices of fresh leaves to wounds and skin infections (Bruch, 2020).

As for active constituents, roots and stems of Cissampelos pareira yield alkaloids characteristic of the Menispermaceae, especially bisbenzylisoquinolines such as cissampareimine, cycleanine, and cissamine, together with berberine and palmatine; flavonoids and triterpenoids have also been reported (Chandra, 2017). These compounds plausibly account for antispasmodic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities frequently linked to the plant’s use in fever, urinary irritation, and external wounds (Chandra, 2017; Gertsch, 2011).

To make a mild root decoction commonly described in Ayurvedic texts, use about 10 g of dried root bark per liter of water. Bring to a boil, reduce to a gentle simmer for 10–15 minutes, then strain and cool. Typical daily portions range from 150 to 250 ml in divided doses (Karnataka, 1998; Chandra, 2017). For a traditional external poultice, roughly 20–30 g of fresh leaves or stems are crushed and warmed, applied to the affected area for 30–60 minutes, and reapplied 2–3 times daily as needed (Cabieses, 1993). Do not use during pregnancy or while nursing; avoid high doses, as toxic, uterine‑stimulant effects have been reported (Rott, 2009). Consult a qualified practitioner before internal use, especially if you are on medications or have liver or kidney disease (Chandra, 2017).

Modern relevance is active: alkaloid fractions and standardized extracts are under investigation for spasmolytic, analgesic, and wound‑healing activities (Gertsch, 2011; Gertsch et al., 2008), while dried root and powdered leaf products are still sold by specialty herbal suppliers for traditional fever, urinary, and first‑aid applications.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Bast fiber (cordage, rope, twine)
- Natural brown dye (for wool, silk)
- Hydrolysable tannin extract (leather tanning)
- Reference isoquinoline alkaloids (phytochemical research)

Industrial and craft applications:
- Manufacture of low‑load cordage and twine for agricultural and domestic use.
- Small textile items occasionally produced from the bast fiber.
- Leather tanning using bark extract rich in hydrolysable tannins.
- Natural dye production for coloration of protein fibers.

Colorants and tanning:
- Leaves yield a brown flavonoid‑based dye suitable for wool and silk; the extract exhibits moderate lightfastness.
- Bark provides hydrolysable gallotannins, offering tanning activity for leather.

Wood and fiber:
- Stems yield a bast fiber with high cellulose content and adequate tensile strength for cordage; fibers are of moderate length suitable for rope.

Properties relevant to use:
- High cellulose/lignin ratio facilitates mechanical processing of the fiber.
- Gallotannin class provides strong protein‑binding capacity for tanning.
- Flavonoid pigments contribute a stable brown hue on protein fibers.

Standards and regulation:
- No dedicated product standards for C. pareira‑derived materials; natural dyes must meet ISO 105 series for colorfastness, and leather tanning is subject to national environmental regulations (e.g., EU REACH).

Sustainability and sourcing:
- The plant is a climbing vine harvested from secondary forests by local communities.
- Sustainable practices include selective stem cutting, preserving root systems, and promoting regrowth or cultivation in agroforestry systems to prevent depletion.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Pericampylus membranaceus	Miers	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. , sér. 3, 14: 371 (1864)
Stephania convolvulacea	Miers	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. , ser. 2, 7: 40 (1851)
Cissampelos argentea	Kunth	Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 67 (1821)
Cissampelos auriculata	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 158 (1871)
Cissampelos australis	A.St.-Hil.	Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 54 (1825)
Cissampelos benthamiana	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 144 (1871)
Cissampelos boivinii	Baill.	Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 460 (1885)
Cissampelos bojeriana	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 182 (1871)
Cissampelos caapeba	L.	Sp. Pl. : 1032 (1753)
Cissampelos canescens	Miq.	Sert. Exot. 1: 7 (1843)
Cissampelos cocculus	Poir.	Encycl. 5: 9 (1804)
Cissampelos consociata	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 167 (1871)
Cissampelos convolvulacea	Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 4: 863 (1806)
Cissampelos cordifolia	Bojer	Rapp. Annuel Trav. Soc. Hist. Nat. île Maurice 13: 43 (1842)
Cissampelos cumingiana	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 283 (1854)
Cissampelos delicatula	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 197 (1871)
Cissampelos diffusa	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 168 (1871)
Cissampelos discolor	DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 534 (1817)
Cissampelos discolor	A.Gray	U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 15: 38. 1854 ; C. Wilkes Expl. Exped.
Cissampelos diversa	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 187 (1871)
Cissampelos elata	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 187 (1871)
Cissampelos ellenbeckii	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 296 (1910)
Cissampelos eriantha	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 192 (1871)
Cissampelos eriocarpa	Triana & Planch.	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 17: 41 (1862)
Cissampelos glaucescens	Triana & Planch.	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 17: 41 (1862)
Cissampelos gracilis	A.St.-Hil.	Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 56 (1825)
Cissampelos grallatoria	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 189 (1871)
Cissampelos guayaquilensis	Kunth	Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 67 (1821)
Cissampelos haenkeana	C.Presl	Reliq. Haenk. 2: 80 (1835)
Cissampelos hederacea	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 159 (1871)
Cissampelos heterophylla	DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 534 (1817)
Cissampelos hirsuta	Buch.-Ham.	Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 535. 1817 [1818 publ. 1-15 Nov 1817]
Cissampelos hirsutissima	C.Presl	Reliq. Haenk. 2: 80 (1835)
Cissampelos kohautiana	C.Presl	Reliq. Haenk. 2: 81 (1835)
Cissampelos limbata	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 143 (1871)
Cissampelos littoralis	A.St.-Hil.	Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 54 (1825)
Cissampelos littoralis var. minutiflora	A.St.-Hil. & Tul.	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 17: 136 (1842)
Cissampelos longipes	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 138 (1871)
Cissampelos madagascariensis	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 181 (1871)
Cissampelos madagascariensis	Diels	Pflanzenr. (Engler) Menispermac. 299. 1910 [6 Dec 1910]
Cissampelos mauritiana	Thouars	J. Bot. (Paris) 2: 67 (1809)
Cissampelos microcarpa	DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 534 (1817)
Cissampelos monoica	A.St.-Hil.	Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 55 (1825)
Cissampelos myriocarpa	Triana & Planch.	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 17: 42 (1862)
Cissampelos nephrophylla	Bojer	Rapp. Annuel Trav. Soc. Hist. Nat. île Maurice 13: 44 (1842)
Cissampelos obtecta	Wall. ex Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 193 (1871)
Cissampelos orbiculata	DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 537 (1817)
Cissampelos orinocensis	Kunth	Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 68 (1821)
Cissampelos pannosa	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 283 (1854)
Cissampelos pareira var. australis	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 294 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira var. caapeba	(L.) Eichler	Fl. Bras. 13(1): 190 (1864)
Cissampelos pareira f. emarginato-mucronata	Chodat & Hassl.	Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 420. 1903
Cissampelos pareira var. gardneri	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 294 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira var. haenkeana	(C.Presl) Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 292 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira var. hirsuta	(Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Forman	Kew Bull. 22: 356 1968
Cissampelos pareira var. laevis	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 292 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira var. monoica	(A.St.-Hil.) Eichler	Fl. Bras. 13(1): 190 (1864)
Cissampelos pareira var. racemiflora	Eichler	Fl. Bras. 13(1): 190 (1864)
Cissampelos pareira var. tamoides	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 293 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira var. wildei	Benvenuto	Webbia 29: 68 (1974)
Cissampelos pareiroides	DC.	Essai Propr. Méd. Pl. , ed. 2: 78 (1816)
Cissampelos pata	Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.	Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 15 (1834)
Cissampelos perrieri	Diels	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 313 (1921)
Cissampelos pilgeri	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 306 (1910)
Cissampelos poilanei	Gagnep.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 168 (1938)
Cissampelos reticulata	Borhidi	Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25: 40 (1979)
Cissampelos salzmannii	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 284 (1854)
Cissampelos subpeltata	Thwaites	Enum. Pl. Zeyl. : 13, 399 (1858)
Cissampelos subreniformis	Triana & Planch.	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 17: 41 (1862)
Cissampelos tamoides	Willd. ex DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 536 (1817)
Cissampelos testudinum	Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 143 (1871)
Cissampelos tetrandra	Roxb.	Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 842 (1832)
Cissampelos tomentosa	DC.	Syst. Nat. 1: 535 (1817)
Cissampelos violifolia	Rusby	Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 240 (1927)
Cocculus membranaceus	Wall.	Numer. List [Wallich] n. 4967. [1831-32]
Cyclea madagascariensis	Baill.	Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 460 (1885)
Dissopetalum mauritianum	Miers	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. , ser. 2, 17: 286 (1866)
Cissampelos discolor var. cardiophylla	A.Gray	U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 38 1854
Cissampelos pareira var. mauritiana	(Thouars) Diels	Cat. Pl. Madag. 6: 7 1931
Cissampelos pareira var. nephrophylla	(Bojer) Diels	Cat. Pl. Madag. 6: 8 1931
Cissampelos pareira var. orbiculata	(L.) Miq.	Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 85 1868
Cissampelos pareira var. peltata	Scheff.	Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 32: 401 1873
Cissampelos pareira var. transitoria	Engl.
Cissampelos obtecta	Wall.	Numer. List 4981 1827
Cissampelos subpeltata	Thwaites ex Miers	Contr. Bot. 3: 195–196 1871
Cissampelos acuminata	Benth.	Pl. Hartw. : 58 (1840)
Cissampelos nepalensis	Rhodes	Phytologia 30: 475 (1975)
Cissampelos pareira f. reniformis	Chodat & Hassl.	Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 3: 420 (1903)
Cissampelos pareira var. typica	Diels	Pflanzenr. , IV, 94: 288 (1910)
Cissampelos pareira subvar. crassifolia	Engl.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 394 (1899)
Cissampelos pareira subvar. madagascariensis	(Miers) Engl.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 396 (1899)
Cissampelos pareira subvar. usambarensis	Engl.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 395 (1899)
Cissampelos pareira subvar. wakefieldii	Engl.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 396 (1899)
Cissampelos pareira var. mauritiana	(Thouars) Baker	Fl. Mauritius : 5 (1877)
Pericampylus membranaceus	(Wall.) Miers	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. , sér. 3, 14: 371 (1864)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	velvetleaf
Spanish	cissampelos monoica
Spanish	cissampelos gracilis
Spanish	cissampelos ellenbeckii
Spanish	cissampelos elata
Spanish	cissampelos discolor
Spanish	cissampelos diffusa
Spanish	cissampelos delicatula
Spanish	cissampelos australis
Spanish	cissampelos auriculata
Spanish	cissampelos caapeba
Spanish	cissampelos guayaquilensis
Spanish	cissampelos nephrophylla
Spanish	cissampelos orinocensis
Spanish	cissampelos violifolia
Malayalam	മലതാങ്ങി
Burmese	ကြွက်နားပေါင်း
Nepali	गुज्जरगानो
Nepali	गुदरगानो
Oriya	ଅକାନବିନ୍ଧି
Oriya	ପାଠା
sat	ᱛᱮᱡᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ
shn	ယႃႈႁူၼူ
Thai	กรุงเขมา
Chinese	亚乎鲁
Chinese	雅红隆
Chinese	锡生藤（亚乎鲁、亚乎奴）
Chinese	美非锡生藤
Chinese	锡生藤
Chinese	亚乎奴

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- South Tropical Africa
  - Mozambique
  - Zimbabwe
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Rwanda
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Aldabra
  - Comoros
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
- Eastern Asia
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
- Papuasia
  - New Guinea

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Queensland

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
  - Brazil West-central
- Caribbean
  - Aruba
  - Bahamas
  - Cayman Islands
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Netherlands Antilles
  - Puerto Rico
  - Southwest Caribbean
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Venezuelan Antilles
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Costa Rica
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
  - Panamá
- Northern South America
  - French Guiana
  - Guyana
  - Suriname
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Paraguay
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Galápagos
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000605874
Tropicos	50311272
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:580409-1
The Plant List	kew-2722018
IPNI	580409-1
GBIF	3829522
EOL	5516720
UNII	PEZ6CIE9AZ
Florida Plant Atlas	3652
USDA Plants	CIPA4
Tropicos	20600001
INPN	629338
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59219-2
The Plant List	kew-2722039
Open Tree Of Life	1057448
Observations.org	198614
NCBI Taxonomy	108409
Nature Serve	2.132392
IPNI	59219-2
iNaturalist	160643
GBIF	3033937
Freebase	/m/03m3wbg
EPPO	CSSPA
EOL	594912
Elurikkus	353627
USDA GRIN	10605
Wikipedia	Cissampelos_pareira
CMAUP	NPO13978

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Systematic Review of Chemical Compounds with Immunomodulatory Action Isolated from African Medicinal Plants

Nikiema WA, Ouédraogo M, Ouédraogo WP, Fofana S, Ouédraogo BH, Delma TE, Amadé B, Abdoulaye GM, Sawadogo AS, Ouédraogo R, Semde R

Molecules

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085867
doi:	10.3390/molecules29092010
PMID:	38731500

A comprehensive review of antimalarial medicinal plants used by Tanzanians

Kacholi DS

Pharm Biol

25-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10812860
doi:	10.1080/13880209.2024.2305453
PMID:	38270178

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the indigenous community of the western region of Mizoram, India

Ralte L, Sailo H, Singh YT

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

03-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10765666
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00642-z
PMID:	38172927

Cellulosic Textiles—An Appealing Trend for Different Pharmaceutical Applications

Nocca G, Arcovito A, Elkasabgy NA, Basha M, Giacon N, Mazzinelli E, Abdel-Maksoud MS, Kamel R

Pharmaceutics

06-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10747844
doi:	10.3390/pharmaceutics15122738
PMID:	38140079

Selection of Mexican Medicinal Plants by Identification of Potential Phytochemicals with Anti-Aging, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Oxidant Properties through Network Analysis and Chemoinformatic Screening

Barrera-Vázquez OS, Montenegro-Herrera SA, Martínez-Enríquez ME, Escobar-Ramírez JL, Magos-Guerrero GA

Biomolecules

20-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10669844
doi:	10.3390/biom13111673
PMID:	38002355

Effectiveness of ayurvedic formulation, NAOQ19 along with standard care in the treatment of mild-moderate COVID-19 patients: A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial

Bhardwaj P, Ganapathy K, Pathania M, Naveen KH, Charan J, Dutta S, Gadepalli R, Srinivasan S, Gupta MK, Goel AD, Midha N, Kumar B, Sharma M, Sharma P, Banerjee M, Mitra P, Misra S, V V, Subramaniant G, R P, Dhar M, Saxena V, Dhamija P, Singh A, Subramanian S, Kanchibhotla D

J Ayurveda Integr Med

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10684801
doi:	10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100778
PMID:	37976809

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Antimalarial and Antidengue Plants: A Mechanistic Perspective

Kamaraj C, Ragavendran C, Prem P, Naveen Kumar S, Ali A, Kazmi A, Ullah A, Chandra Satish Kumar R, Khan SU, Luna-Arias JP, Mashwani ZU, Balasubramani G, Rehman SU

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol

28-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10625492
doi:	10.1155/2023/1860084
PMID:	37927532

Identification of Novel, Potent, and Selective Compounds against Malaria Using Glideosomal-Associated Protein 50 as a Drug Target

Agrawal P, Kumari S, Mohmmed A, Malhotra P, Sharma U, Sahal D

ACS Omega

06-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10586260
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.3c05323
PMID:	37867646

Climbing strategies of Taiwan climbers

Chen PH, Chung AC, Lin HC, Yang SZ

Bot Stud

22-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10516820
doi:	10.1186/s40529-023-00399-4
PMID:	37736799

A lexical review on Vishaghna Dravyas of Kaideva Nighantu

Yadav S, Sharma A, Vishnoi R, Rani J

Ayu

02-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10468017
doi:	10.4103/ayu.ayu_199_22
PMID:	37655171

Effectiveness of Kabasura Kudineer tablets in the management of asymptomatic and mild cases of COVID-19: A pilot double-blinded, randomized controlled trial

Khapre M, Pathania M, Saxena V, Omar BJ, Goyal B, Sinha S, Bahurupi Y, Dhamija P

J Ayurveda Integr Med

01-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10410514
doi:	10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100777
PMID:	37536025

Integrative management of anaplastic astrocytoma through a combination of Ayurveda and conventional care: A case report

Gautama PA, Subramanian N, Varma RG, Gangadharan GG

J Ayurveda Integr Med

11-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10692369
doi:	10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100748
PMID:	37442646

Gingerol extract-stabilized silver nanoparticles and their applications: colorimetric and machine learning-based sensing of Hg(ii) and antibacterial properties

Plaeyao K, Kampangta R, Korkokklang Y, Talodthaisong C, Saenchoopa A, Thammawithan S, Latpala K, Patramanon R, Kayunkid N, Kulchat S

RSC Adv

03-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10315996
doi:	10.1039/d3ra02702c
PMID:	37404322

Mapping of traditional healthcare providers and their healing approaches in a tribal community of district Sirohi, Rajasthan

Dwivedi R, Goyal P, Yadav SS, Dwivedi P, Singh P, Singh K

J Family Med Prim Care

30-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10451593
doi:	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1610_22
PMID:	37636156

Phytochemicals as Antimicrobials: Prospecting Himalayan Medicinal Plants as Source of Alternate Medicine to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance

Ashraf MV, Pant S, Khan MA, Shah AA, Siddiqui S, Jeridi M, Alhamdi HW, Ahmad S

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

15-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10302623
doi:	10.3390/ph16060881
PMID:	37375828

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / 1-azafluoranthenes
6,7,8,14-Tetramethoxy-2-azatetracyclo[7.6.1.05,16.010,15]hexadeca-1,3,5(16),6,8,10(15),11,13-octaen-13-ol	162897891	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C3=C(C(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C4=NC=CC1=C24)OC)OC	339.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1307
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines
(-)-Nuciferine	10146	Click to see	295.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
(+)-Corytuberine	160500	Click to see	327.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
(+)-Dicentrine	101300	Click to see	339.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
(+)-Magnoflorine	73337	Click to see	342.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
Bulbocapnine	12441	Click to see	325.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
Corytuberine, pentahydrate	347379	Click to see	327.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
d-Bulbocapnine	9276	Click to see	325.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6260603/
Dehydrodicentrine	3084326	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC3=C(C4=C5C=C(C(=CC5=CC1=C24)OC)OC)OCO3	337.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Protoberberine alkaloids and derivatives
(13aS)-3,10-dimethoxy-7-methyl-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinolin-7-ium-2,9-diol	9884460	Click to see C[N+]12CCC3=CC(=C(C=C3C1CC4=C(C2)C(=C(C=C4)OC)O)O)OC	342.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Berberine	2353	Click to see	336.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Cyclanoline	3082134	Click to see C[N+]12CCC3=CC(=C(C=C3C1CC4=C(C2)C(=C(C=C4)OC)O)O)OC	342.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19640971004
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
Isosinomenine A	5422	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Phaeanthine	73664	Click to see	622.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Tetrandrine	73078	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Elaidic Acid	637517	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	282.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc146197	13011408	Click to see	284.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oleic Acid	445639	Click to see	282.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(E)-5-[(1S,4aR,5R,8aR)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]-3-methylpent-2-enoic acid	15558527	Click to see	320.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
methyl (E)-5-[(1S,4aS,8aS)-5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]-3-methylpent-2-enoate	11290126	Click to see	318.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
(6S)-6-ethenyl-3,6-dimethyl-5-prop-1-en-2-yl-5,7-dihydro-4H-1-benzofuran	5316217	Click to see	216.32	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Iridoids and derivatives
(4S,7S,11S)-5-chloro-2,10-dioxatricyclo[5.3.1.04,11]undecan-4-ol	5315924	Click to see	204.65	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde	11968824	Click to see	1105.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Ambrosanolides and secoambrosanolides
Tetraneurin A	174868	Click to see	322.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid	45483610	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Npc216012	44630317	Click to see	430.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Oleanolic Acid	10494	Click to see	456.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
[(1S,3R,6S,16R)-15-(5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] (Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	5319569	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)OC)C)C	618.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Proline and derivatives
(4R)-4-Hydroxy-1-methyl-L-proline	11768700	Click to see CN1CC(CC1C(=O)O)O	145.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Secondary alcohols / Cyclohexanols
Quercitol	441437	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(C1O)O)O)O)O	164.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
Cimicifugamide	5318530	Click to see	505.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Diarylethers
(-)-Isochondrodendrine	626851	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3
(11R,27R)-4,5,20,21-tetramethoxy-10,26-dimethyl-2,18-dioxa-10,26-diazaheptacyclo[27.2.2.13,7.113,17.119,23.011,36.027,34]hexatriaconta-1(32),3(36),4,6,13(35),14,16,19(34),20,22,29(33),30-dodecaene	53486320	Click to see	622.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(12aR,24aR)-2,3,12a,13,14,15,24,24a-Octahydro-5,17-dimethoxy-1,13-dimethyl-8,11:20,23-dietheno-1H,12H-(1,10)dioxacyclooctadecino(2,3,4-ij:11,12,13-i'j')diisoquinoline-6,18-diol	197726	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
(16R)-9,10,25-trimethoxy-15-methyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.218,21.18,12.027,31.016,35]heptatriaconta-1(31),3(37),4,6(36),8(35),9,11,18,20,24,26,33-dodecaen-32-one	5351601	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(COC5=C(C=C6CCNC(=C6C5=O)CC7=CC=C(O3)C=C7)OC)C=C4)OC)OC	606.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1R,16S)-10,21,25-trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.18,12.118,22.027,31.016,34]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8(34),9,11,18(33),19,21,24,26,31-dodecaen-9-ol	162885512	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3
(1S,16S)-10,21,25-trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.18,12.118,22.027,31.016,34]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8(34),9,11,18(33),19,21,24,26,31-dodecaen-9-ol	10393930	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C6C(CC7=CC(=C(C=C7)OC)O3)N(CCC6=CC(=C5O)OC)C)OC	608.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
12-O-Methylcurine	16637550	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1101606
4,5,19,20-Tetramethoxy-10,25-dimethyl-2,17-dioxa-10,25-diazaheptacyclo[26.2.2.213,16.13,7.118,22.011,36.026,33]hexatriaconta-1(30),3(36),4,6,13(35),14,16(34),18(33),19,21,28,31-dodecaene	357329	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3
Bebeerine	12300019	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1101606
Curine	253793	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3 https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19640971004
Cycleanine	121313	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C6C(CC7=CC=C(O3)C=C7)N(CCC6=CC(=C5OC)OC)C)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3
Hayatine	626931	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1101606 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3
Hayatinin	628520	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C6C(CC7=CC(=C(C=C7)OC)O3)N(CCC6=CC(=C5O)OC)C)OC	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81679-3 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1101606
Insularine	10348927	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C4=C2C1CC5=CC=C(C=C5)OC6=C7C(CC8=CC(=C(O4)C=C8)CO3)N(CCC7=CC(=C6OC)OC)C)OC	620.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives
14,15,16-trimethoxy-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,8.013,17]heptadeca-1,3,7,9(17),11,13,15-heptaene-5,6-dione	5379179	Click to see	337.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
15,16-dimethoxy-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,8.013,17]heptadeca-1,3,7,9(17),11,13,15-heptaene-5,6-dione	5488901	Click to see	307.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
15,16-Dimethoxy-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,8.013,17]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,7,9,11,13,15-octaen-6-one	163104318	Click to see	291.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-894X(95)00068-5
6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-azatetracyclo[7.6.1.05,16.010,15]hexadeca-1(16),3,5,7,9,11,14-heptaen-13-one	21768990	Click to see	309.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
7,14,15,16-tetramethoxy-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,8.013,17]heptadeca-1,3,7,9(17),11,13,15-heptaene-5,6-dione	5492675	Click to see	367.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
Grandirubrine	630768	Click to see	337.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
Isoimerubrine	9884814	Click to see	351.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
Norruffscine	135778936	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)C4=NC=CC1=C24)OC)OC	309.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1307
Pareirubrine A	197551	Click to see	367.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418 https://doi.org/10.1246/CL.1993.339
Pareirubrine B	160367	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C=CN=C3C4=CC(=O)C(=CC=C42)O)OC	307.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.41.1418
Pareitropone	10469514	Click to see	291.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-894X(95)00068-5
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Benzylisoquinolines
(S)-Laudanosine	73397	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2C1CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)OC)OC	357.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
Csh 068	259676	Click to see	327.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Laudanosine	15548	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2C1CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)OC)OC	357.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)80388-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
4-Hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)furo[3,2-g]chromen-5-one	21576509	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C3=C(O2)C=C4C(=C3O)C(=O)C=C(O4)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC)C(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6OC)OC)O	610.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2003.10.003
6-(2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)furo[3,2-g]chromen-4-one	101757107	Click to see	594.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00241-3
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids
Benzylisoquinolines	22169421	Click to see	309.40	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Cissampelos pareira

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