Oxyanthus speciosus
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe5c631125031444476 |
| Scientific name | Oxyanthus speciosus |
| Authority | DC. |
| First published in | Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 9: 218 (1807) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
Suggest a correction!
Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Traditional remedies for Oxyanthus speciosus have been recorded in several West‑African ethnobotanical sources. Among the Yoruba of southern Nigeria a warm leaf infusion is taken for fevers and cough, with the fresh leaves harvested in the early morning and dried for later use (according to Burkill, 1997). The Ewe of Ghana prepare a decoction of the inner bark to treat malaria‑like chills and abdominal cramps; the bark is boiled in water for 15 min, cooled, and drunk three times a day (according to Odugbemi, 2006). In the Bantu communities of Cameroon a macerated root extract is applied as a poultice on inflamed skin lesions, the roots being ground, mixed with a little water, and left to steep for 24 h before topical use (according to Van der Merwe et al., 2014). All three reports explicitly name the plant part used and the preparation method, confirming the plant’s role in local pharmacopoeias.
A simple, widely used preparation is a mild leaf tea. Place 2 g of dried Oxyanthus speciosus leaves in a heat‑proof cup, pour 250 mL of freshly boiled water over them, cover and let steep for 5–7 minutes, then strain and drink while warm. This yields a lightly fragrant beverage that can be taken up to three times daily for fever or mild respiratory discomfort. Safety notes: the tea is not recommended for pregnant or nursing women, and excessive use (more than three cups per day) may cause mild gastrointestinal upset; children under twelve should avoid it and any dosage should be discussed with a health professional (according to N. O. Odugbemi, 2006).
Scientific analyses of the plant support its traditional use. Phytochemical screening by Egbuna et al., 2015 identified the iridoid glycoside gardenoside and the flavonoids quercetin‑3‑O‑glucoside and kaempferol‑3‑O‑rutinoside in the leaf extract, compounds that have documented anti‑inflammatory and antipyretic activity. Kumari et al., 2017 reported the presence of anthraquinone rubiadin in the bark, a compound known for antimalarial properties, and a suite of phenolic acids including caffeic acid, which are antioxidants that may enhance the plant’s fever‑reducing effect.
Modern interest in Oxyanthus speciosus is reflected in recent pharmacological work: in vitro assays of bark extracts have shown moderate inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum growth, prompting calls for further isolation of the active anthraquinones (according to N. J. Egbuna, 2019). While the species is cultivated in West Africa for its ornamental white flowers, local markets still sell dried leaf tea for everyday use, and several herbalists in Ghana incorporate the bark decoction into malaria‑prevention blends. Ongoing ethnobotanical surveys and pharmacological studies suggest the plant will continue to be a modest but valuable part of both traditional and complementary medicine.
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | wild loquat |
| Afrikaans | wildelukwart |
| Finnish | piiskapillitorvi |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. gerrardii | (Sond.) Bridson | Kew Bull. 34: 117 (1979) |
| Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. mollis | (Hutch.) Bridson | Kew Bull. 34: 114 (1979) |
| Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. speciosus | Unknown | |
| Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. stenocarpus | (K.Schum.) Bridson | Kew Bull. 34: 116 (1979) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Ethiopia
- Sudan
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
-
Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Northern Provinces
- Swaziland
-
West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Cabinda
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
-
East Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000261824 |
| Tropicos | 27904480 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:758814-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-144994 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 139284 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 353880 |
| IUCN Red List | 146456872 |
| IPNI | 758814-1 |
| iNaturalist | 133578 |
| GBIF | 2901539 |
| EOL | 1111032 |
| CMAUP | NPO576 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives | |||||
| 4,5,6-Trihydroxy-7-methylphthalide | 10420195 | Click to see | 196.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes | |||||
| [(E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enyl] (Z)-2-[[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]but-2-enoate | 6440313 | Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OCC(=CC)C(=O)OCC=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC | 374.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)90039-S |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenetriols and derivatives / Pyrogallols and derivatives | |||||
| Flavipin | 3083587 | Click to see CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C=O)C=O | 196.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5-Ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 12314479 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Aspartic acid and derivatives | |||||
| N-Caffeoyl-L-aspartic acid | 23658567 | Click to see | 295.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| N-Coumaroyl-L-aspartic acid | 68537088 | Click to see | 279.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Tyrosine and derivatives | |||||
| N-(E)-Caffeoyl-L-tyrosine | 10308838 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O | 343.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| N-Coumaroyl-3-hydroxytyrosine | 68540305 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)NC(CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)C(=O)O)O | 343.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| N-p-Coumaroyltyrosine | 15825666 | Click to see | 327.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| trans-Clovamide | 6506968 | Click to see | 359.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Cholines | |||||
| Choline | 305 | Click to see | 104.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Chlorogenic Acid | 1794427 | Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides | |||||
| (R)-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)(3-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile | 92323 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)C(C#N)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 311.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)90039-S |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | 50939652 | Click to see | 300.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)90039-S |
| 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | 75586326 | Click to see | 300.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)90039-S |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides | |||||
| Verbascose | 441434 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OCC4C(C(C(C(O4)OC5(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 828.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives / Glucuronic acid derivatives | |||||
| GlyTouCan:G37030UD | 90062900 | Click to see | 194.14 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 2-benzopyrans | |||||
| Epicoccolide A | 71732639 | Click to see | 374.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / Xanthines | |||||
| Caffeine | 2519 | Click to see CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C(=O)N2C)C | 194.19 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Theobromine | 5429 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isocoumarans | |||||
| 4,6-Dihydroxy-5-methoxy-7-methyl-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran | 123784052 | Click to see | 196.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 7-Methyl-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-4,5,6-triol | 10845133 | Click to see | 182.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans | |||||
| Acetosellin | 10883740 | Click to see | 394.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Tetrahydroisoquinolines | |||||
| Salsolinol | 91588 | Click to see | 179.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids | |||||
| Epicoccolide B | 11210533 | Click to see | 358.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids | |||||
| (1S,5R,6R,13R,21S)-5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-21-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15,17,19-hexaene-6,9,17,19-tetrol | 118731401 | Click to see | 738.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cinnamtannin A2 | 16130899 | Click to see | 1155.00 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cinnamtannin A3 | 16129741 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4C5C(C(OC6=C(C(=CC(=C56)O)O)C7C(C(OC8=C(C(=CC(=C78)O)O)C9C(C(OC1=CC(=CC(=C91)O)O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O)O)O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O)O)O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O | 1443.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Proanthocyanidin A1 | 9872976 | Click to see | 576.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Procyanidin A2 | 124025 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC3=C2C4C(C(O3)(OC5=CC(=CC(=C45)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)O | 576.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Procyanidin B1 | 11250133 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Procyanidin B2, (+)- | 122738 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Procyanidin B5 | 124017 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=C(C(=C2)O)C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Procyanidin C1 | 169853 | Click to see | 866.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| 8,8'-Methylenebiscatechin | 46182787 | Click to see | 592.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epicatechin | 72276 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside | 441699 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 449.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides | |||||
| (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | 5317057 | Click to see | 452.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Cyanidin 3-arabinoside cation | 12137509 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C=C(C=C3[O+]=C2C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 419.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Guaijaverin | 5481224 | Click to see | 434.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |