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Pycnandra acuminata

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644034eda4d69615841406
Scientific name Pycnandra acuminata
Authority (Baill.) Swenson & Munzinger
First published in Adansonia , sér. 3, 32: 243 (2010)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
The latex of Pycnanga acuminata contains exceptionally high concentrations of nickel (up to 25% dry weight), making it a potential source for nickel extraction and bioleaching applications. This natural nickel accumulation represents the highest recorded nickel content in any plant species.

Industrial and craft applications:
The species demonstrates significant potential for phytomining and phytoremediation applications due to its nickel hyperaccumulation capacity. The nickel-rich latex can be processed to extract nickel metal through established hydrometallurgical techniques, offering a potential alternative to conventional mining in nickel-rich soils.

Scientific/model organism use:
Pycnanga acuminata serves as a model organism for studying metal hyperaccumulation mechanisms, nickel tolerance, and phytoremediation research. It is extensively studied in botanical and metallurgical literature for understanding metal transport proteins, sequestration mechanisms, and evolutionary adaptations to metalliferous soils. The species contributes to databases documenting hyperaccumulator plants and metal tolerance mechanisms.

Properties relevant to use:
The latex contains nickel primarily as nickel-organic complexes, facilitating extraction through standard chemical processing methods. The hyperaccumulation efficiency (up to 25% Ni by dry weight in latex) exceeds most known hyperaccumulators by several orders of magnitude, making it particularly valuable for phytomining operations in suitable environments.

Sustainability and sourcing:
As an endemic species to New Caledonia with restricted distribution, sustainable harvesting protocols would be essential for any commercial nickel extraction applications. Conservation considerations apply given its specialized habitat requirements and limited natural range.

Standards and regulation:
Nickel extraction from plant materials would fall under existing mining and metallurgical industry regulations, though specific protocols for plant-based nickel recovery are not yet standardized. Environmental impact assessments would be required for large-scale phytomining operations.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Niemeyera acuminata (Pierre ex Baill.) T.D.Penn. Gen. Sapotac. : 235 (1991)
Pouteria acuminata (Baill.) Baehni Candollea 9: 406 (1942)
Sebertia acuminata Pierre ex Engl. & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. , Nachtr. 1: 280 (1897)
Sersalisia acuminata Baill. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 945 (1891)
Trouettia sarlinii (Guillaumin) Aubrév. Adansonia , n.s., 2: 177 (1962)
Chrysophyllum sarlinii Guillaumin Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. , sér. 2, 22: 117 (1950)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
French chrysophyllum sarlinii
French niemeyera acuminata
French sebertia acuminata
French pouteria acuminata
French sersalisia acuminata
Urdu پائیکانڈرا ایکیومیناٹا

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000920479
INPN 674106
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77109733-1
The Plant List kew-465942
Open Tree Of Life 158224
Observations.org 765354
NCBI Taxonomy 280718
IUCN Red List 157990141
IPNI 77109733-1
iNaturalist 367384
GBIF 7593000
Elurikkus 607795
Wikipedia Pycnandra_acuminata
CMAUP NPO19975

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Recent Advances in Microbial-Assisted Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil Zulfiqar U, Haider FU, Maqsood MF, Mohy-Ud-Din W, Shabaan M, Ahmad M, Kaleem M, Ishfaq M, Aslam Z, Shahzad B Plants (Basel) 31-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10490184
doi:10.3390/plants12173147
PMID:37687393
Nicotianamine: A Key Player in Metal Homeostasis and Hyperaccumulation in Plants Seregin IV, Kozhevnikova AD Int J Mol Sci 28-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10341464
doi:10.3390/ijms241310822
PMID:37446000
Phytoremediation of Wastewater Containing Lead and Manganese Ions Using Algae Diaconu LI, Covaliu-Mierlă CI, Păunescu O, Covaliu LD, Iovu H, Paraschiv G Biology (Basel) 26-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10295203
doi:10.3390/biology12060773
PMID:37372058
Phytoremediation as an Effective Remedy for Removing Trace Elements from Ecosystems Mocek-Płóciniak A, Mencel J, Zakrzewski W, Roszkowski S Plants (Basel) 14-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10141480
doi:10.3390/plants12081653
PMID:37111876
The Materials Science behind Sustainable Metals and Alloys Raabe D Chem Rev 27-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9999434
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00799
PMID:36848879
Shoot-root signal circuit: Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil Bai S, Han X, Feng D Front Plant Sci 20-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9987563
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1139744
PMID:36890896
LITHIUM BATTERIES SAFETY, WIDER PERSPECTIVE Łukasz B, Rybakowska I, Krakowiak A, Gregorczyk M, Waldman W Int J Occup Med Environ Health 01-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC10464770
doi:10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01995
PMID:36520014
Synchrotron XFM tomography for elucidating metals and metalloids in hyperaccumulator plants Spiers KM, Brueckner D, Garrevoet J, Falkenberg G, van der Ent A Metallomics 13-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9683111
doi:10.1093/mtomcs/mfac069
PMID:36099903
Contrasting patterns of nickel distribution in the hyperaccumulators Phyllanthus balgooyi and Phyllanthus rufuschaneyi from Malaysian Borneo van der Ent A, Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz J, Przybyłowicz WJ, Barnabas AD, de Jonge MD, Harris HH Metallomics 26-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC9113358
doi:10.1093/mtomcs/mfac020
PMID:35556136
Recent Developments in Microbe–Plant-Based Bioremediation for Tackling Heavy Metal-Polluted Soils Saha L, Tiwari J, Bauddh K, Ma Y Front Microbiol 23-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8733405
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.731723
PMID:35002995
Nickel stress-tolerance in plant-bacterial associations Pishchik V, Mirskaya G, Chizhevskaya E, Chebotar V, Chakrabarty D PeerJ 29-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8487243
doi:10.7717/peerj.12230
PMID:34703670
Convergent patterns of tissue-level distribution of elements in different tropical woody nickel hyperaccumulator species from Borneo Island Abubakari F, Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz J, Przybyłowicz WJ, van der Ent A AoB Plants 13-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC7759247
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plaa058
PMID:33408845
Novel Insights Into the Hyperaccumulation Syndrome in Pycnandra (Sapotaceae) Isnard S, L’Huillier L, Paul AL, Munzinger J, Fogliani B, Echevarria G, Erskine PD, Gei V, Jaffré T, van der Ent A Front Plant Sci 09-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7509057
doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.559059
PMID:33013977
Nickel hyperaccumulation in New Caledonian Hybanthus (Violaceae) and occurrence of nickel-rich phloem in Hybanthus austrocaledonicus Paul AL, Gei V, Isnard S, Fogliani B, Echevarria G, Erskine PD, Jaffré T, Munzinger J, van der Ent A Ann Bot 24-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7539534
doi:10.1093/aob/mcaa112
PMID:32577727
Endomembrane Reorganization Induced by Heavy Metals De Caroli M, Furini A, DalCorso G, Rojas M, Di Sansebastiano GP Plants (Basel) 09-Apr-2020
PMCID:PMC7238196
doi:10.3390/plants9040482
PMID:32283794

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid 1491 Click to see 154.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
(2R)-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]propan-1-one 15690603 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C(=O)C(CO)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)CCCO)OC 406.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]propan-1-one 92466671 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C(=O)C(CO)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)CCCO)OC 406.40 unknown via CMAUP database
erythro-Guaiacylglycerol beta-dihydroconiferyl ether 13893597 Click to see 378.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Aryltetralin lignans / 9,9p-dihydroxyaryltetralin lignans
Isoolivil 5316262 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(C(C(CC2=C1)(CO)O)CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O 376.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Flavonolignans
(inverted exclamation markA)-Hydnocarpin 11213425 Click to see 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[(2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]chromen-4-one 10791345 Click to see 494.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5'-Methoxyhydnocarpin 5281879 Click to see 494.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Hydnocarpin 11431204 Click to see 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Palstatin 5323578 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(OC3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC)C4=CC(=O)C5=C(C=C(C=C5O4)O)O)CO 524.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,7-epoxylignans
Huazhongilexin 15690604 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(C(C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)OC)O)OC)CO)CO 436.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Icariol A2 25136967 Click to see 436.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,9-epoxylignans
(-)-Olivil 5273570 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC2(COC(C2CO)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O)O 376.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan glycosides
(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[3-[4-[(1R,2S)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]propoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 15690602 Click to see 554.60 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[3-[4-[(1S,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]propoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 101606109 Click to see 554.60 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(4-((3S,3aR,6S,6aR)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro(3,4-c)furan-6-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 486614 Click to see 520.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Branched fatty acids
Itaconic acid 811 Click to see 130.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids
Capric Acid 2969 Click to see CCCCCCCCCC(=O)O 172.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Straight chain fatty acids
Butyric Acid 264 Click to see CCCC(=O)O 88.11 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-((Z)-hex-3-enoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 5318045 Click to see 262.30 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(E)-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 11972373 Click to see COC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C=CCOC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)OC)OC 386.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(4S)-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[(3R)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one 38346955 Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1CCC(C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)(C)C 372.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Hexacosanol 68171 Click to see 382.70 unknown via CMAUP database
1-Tetracosanol 10472 Click to see 354.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid 5280450 Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 280.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Quinone and hydroquinone lipids / Vitamin E compounds / Tocopherols
Alpha-Tocopherol 14985 Click to see CC1=C(C2=C(CCC(O2)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C(=C1O)C)C 430.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
4-[(4R)-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohexen-1-yl]butan-2-one 101606458 Click to see 372.50 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 11968607 11968607 Click to see CC1=C(C(C(CC1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)(C)C)CCC(=O)C 372.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3S,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12aS,14aR,14bS)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol 154497735 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(C2C1)C=CC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5-Ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 12314479 Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Pyrimidine nucleosides
Uridine 6029 Click to see 244.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Yridine 7059438 Click to see 244.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
Fumaric Acid 444972 Click to see C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O 116.07 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Succinic Acid 1110 Click to see 118.09 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Succinic anhydride 7922 Click to see 100.07 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
Citric Acid 311 Click to see 192.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00593-1
> Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Medium-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
(2S,3S,5S)-2,3,5-trihydroxyhexanedioic acid 92209640 Click to see 194.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic acids and derivatives / Keto acids and derivatives / Alpha-keto acids and derivatives
Pyruvic Acid 1060 Click to see 88.06 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic acids and derivatives / Keto acids and derivatives / Gamma-keto acids and derivatives
2-Oxoglutaric Acid 51 Click to see 146.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
(1S,3R,4R,5R)-3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 9476 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
1,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid 1064 Click to see 192.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Secondary alcohols
(2S,3R)-2-methylbutane-1,3-diol 11701031 Click to see 104.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Aminosaccharides / N-acyl-alpha-hexosamines
Mycothiol 441148 Click to see CC(=O)NC(CS)C(=O)NC1C(C(C(OC1OC2C(C(C(C(C2O)O)O)O)O)CO)O)O 486.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(E)-4-[(1S,4S,6R)-2,2,6-trimethyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]but-3-en-2-one 10385469 Click to see CC(=O)C=CC12C(CC(CC1(O2)C)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)(C)C 386.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Ido(b1-2b)D-Sorf 93091914 Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O 342.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 11289099 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCOC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 284.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(3,5,6,7-tetramethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthren-2-yl)oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 15690608 Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)CCC3=CC(=C(C=C32)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)OC 478.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides
D-(-)-Fructose 5984 Click to see 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Pentoses
beta-D-arabinopyranose 444173 Click to see 150.13 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives
2-keto-L-gluconic acid 10198044 Click to see C(C(C(C(C(=O)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O 194.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Erythronic acid 2781043 Click to see 136.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Gluconic Acid 10690 Click to see 196.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
L-erythronic acid 10149650 Click to see 136.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
L-Threonic Acid 5460407 Click to see 136.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Threonic acid 151152 Click to see C(C(C(C(=O)O)O)O)O 136.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives / Glucuronic acid derivatives
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-4-methoxyhexanedioic acid 163008856 Click to see 224.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
2,3,5-Trihydroxy-4-methoxyhexanedioic acid 85860655 Click to see 224.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Glucaric Acid 33037 Click to see 210.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols
D-Threitol 169019 Click to see C(C(C(CO)O)O)O 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
Glycerin 753 Click to see C(C(CO)O)O 92.09 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
D-threonolactone 10351686 Click to see 118.09 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[4-[(2R,3S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 10625848 Click to see 522.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(7S,8R)-Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol 384679 Click to see 360.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
4-Coumaric acid 322 Click to see 164.16 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
6-Demethoxycapillarisin 5316511 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Demethoxy-7-O-methylcapillarisin 71391689 Click to see 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin 5280443 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 270.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin 5280445 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Kaempferol 5280863 Click to see 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 49822437 Click to see 724.70 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 11700461 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)OC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O 724.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2'',4''-Di-O-(E-p-Coumaroyl)afzelin 11765457 Click to see 724.70 unknown via CMAUP database
3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 10721917 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)C)O)O)O)O)O 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
3-[3-O-(4-Hydroxy-cis-cinnamoyl)-4-O-(4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamoyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy]-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone 45783016 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O 724.70 unknown via CMAUP database
3'',4''-Di-O-p-coumaroylafzelin 51136469 Click to see 724.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Afzelin 5316673 Click to see 432.40 unknown via CMAUP database
baohuoside II 5481982 Click to see 500.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Hyperoside 5281643 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Icariside Ii 5488822 Click to see 514.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin-3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside] 10698716 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)C)O)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercitrin 5280459 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Trifolin 5282149 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
3-(((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-7-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 13916051 Click to see 838.80 unknown via CMAUP database
3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 101437361 Click to see 838.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Baohuoside V 25087702 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(OC4=C(C3=O)C(=CC(=C4CC=C(C)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)C)O)O)O)O)O 808.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Epimedin B 5748393 Click to see 808.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Epimedin C 5748394 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(OC4=C(C3=O)C(=CC(=C4CC=C(C)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)OC)C)O)O)O)O)O 822.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Epimedokoreanoside I 87759921 Click to see 922.90 unknown via CMAUP database
Epimedoside A 5317093 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=C(C2=O)C(=CC(=C3CC=C(C)C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O 662.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Hexandraside F 92043273 Click to see 838.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Icariin 5318997 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=C(C2=O)C(=CC(=C3CC=C(C)C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)OC)O)O)O 676.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Icariside I 5745470 Click to see 530.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Sagittasine C 101437362 Click to see 692.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
3'-O-Methyltricetin 11267045 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)O)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O 316.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Tricin 5281702 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O 330.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one 5321057 Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)O)OC 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolide lactams
12-[1-(3,4-Dihydroxycyclohexyl)propan-2-yl]-1-hydroxy-15-(hydroxymethyl)-23,27-dimethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[22.3.1.04,9]octacosa-16,20-diene-2,3,10,22-tetrone 85084041 Click to see 675.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.07.001

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