Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Elderflower teas have been taken for centuries across Europe and parts of the Caucasus as a mild, aromatic infusion. In England, the flowers are commonly picked fresh, steeped in hot water, and sweetened with sugar to make a household cordial or tea (Blanchan, 1917). Folk healers in Germany have long used the fresh flowers to make a similar tea, often noted in herbal manuals as a cooling drink for feverish states (Mabey, 1996). In the Balkans, village women in Serbia traditionally harvested the inflorescences for decoctions used internally as a diaphoretic and externally in baths and poultices to soothe sore throats and inflamed eyes (Jarić et al., 2015). In the Alps, Austrian use of elderflower infusions or compresses was documented for mild respiratory and inflammatory complaints by Handbuch der Heilpflanzen (Sticher, 2008). In parts of the Caucasus, ethnobotanical surveys recorded the preparation of fresh or dried elderflower infusions for colds and skin inflammations (Batsatsashvili et al., 2017).

A practical recipe for elderflower tea is straightforward: place 2–3 g of fresh elderflower petals or 1–2 g of dried flowers in a cup, pour 250 mL of freshly boiled water, cover and steep for 5–10 minutes, then strain and sweeten to taste. Elderflower drinks are typically mild, and short-term, seasonal consumption is customary. Do not use bark, leaves, stems, or unripe berries, which can cause nausea and vomiting; avoid in pregnancy and during breastfeeding due to limited safety data. Keep teas for no more than one day and discard at the first sign of off-odors or mold.

Elderflowers contain flavonoids such as quercetin, rutin, kaempferol and its glycosides, as well as phenolic acids like chlorogenic acid; these compounds have established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, which plausibly underpins the soothing effects reported in ethnobotanical accounts (Fischer et al., 2011). The essential oil fraction, though minor in water infusions, contributes characteristic aroma.

Today, dried elderflower is widely sold as a culinary and herbal ingredient, and the traditional tea persists as a springtime home remedy in many European countries, while contemporary research continues to study its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.

General Uses Top

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Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
The young shoots (tender stems) and leaves of Ficus pumila are consumed as a vegetable in parts of China and Vietnam. The shoots, harvested when 5–10 cm long, are used in stir‑fries, soups, and as a leafy garnish. Regional ethnobotanical surveys and the Flora of China record the species as an edible wild vegetable, cultivated on a small scale for this purpose.

Colorants and tanning:
Aqueous extracts of Ficus pumila leaves contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins that yield a brown dye suitable for protein fibers such as wool and silk. Experimental dyeing studies have demonstrated that the extract produces brown hues with acceptable colorfastness under mild alkaline conditions. The natural dye is regarded as an alternative to synthetic browns; the tanning potential derives from the leaf’s high tannin content, which precipitates proteins and can be employed in leather processing.

Properties relevant to use:
Dry leaf material contains approximately 15–25 % tannins (by weight) and flavonoids such as quercetin derivatives, providing strong metal‑binding capacity and UV absorption that aid dye extraction. Stems contain about 30–40 % cellulose (dry weight) and bast fibers with tensile strengths in the range of 300–400 MPa, indicating potential for pulp applications, although commercial pulp use for this species has not been reported. Fruit contains low soluble sugar (≈5 % Brix) and small seed oil (≈2 % of seed weight).

Standards and regulation:
No specific international standards (ISO/ASTM/EN) are documented for the use of Ficus pumila as a dye or tannin source. Its use as a food vegetable is subject to national food‑safety regulations in China and Vietnam, where it is listed among safe wild vegetables under local guidelines for wild food consumption.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Ficus pumila is a fast‑growing perennial vine that propagates vegetatively and regenerates quickly after cutting. It is cultivated for ornamental and culinary purposes; wild populations are not considered threatened. Harvesting leaves for dye extraction and young shoots for food can be performed without killing the plant, supporting sustainable collection practices.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Varinga repens	Raf.	Sylva Tellur. : 58 (1838)
Plagiostigma pumila	Zucc.	Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 154. 1846 ; Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 98
Ficus hanceana	Maxim.	Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg , sér. 3, 27: 553 (1882)
Ficus longipedicellata	H.Perrier	Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 2: 141 (1928)
Ficus repens var. lutchuensis	Koidz.	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 14 1925
Ficus scandens	Lam.	Encycl. 2: 498 (1788)
Ficus stipulata	Thunb.	Ficus : 8 (1786)
Ficus stipulata	Lem.	Hort. Universel 4: 359. 1843 [17 May 1843]
Ficus vestita	Desf.	Tabl. École Bot. , ed. 3: 346 (1829)
Ficus pumila var. lutchuensis	Koidz.	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 14 1925
Urostigma scandens	Liebm.	Mexic. Neldeagt. Pl. : 46 (1851)
Ficus repens	auct.	Gard. Chron. n.s., 14: 716 1880

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	creeping fig
English	climbingfig
Afrikaans	kruipende vy
Arabic	تين قزمي
Bulgarian	фикус джудже
Bengali	লতা বট
cdo	păng-bùng-lèng
Persian	انجیر چسب
Hebrew	פיקוס זוחל
Indonesian	dolar rambat
Italian	fico rampicante
Japanese	オオイタビ
Japanese	プミラ
Lithuanian	laipiojantysis fikusas
Lithuanian	smulkusis fikusas
lzh	薜荔
Malayalam	മതിൽപറ്റി
Malay	ara jalar
Punjab	چڑی پنجہ
Russian	Фикус карликовый
Urdu	چڑی پنجہ
Vietnamese	sộp
Vietnamese	sung thằn lằn
Vietnamese	thằn lằn
Vietnamese	vẩy ốc
Vietnamese	trầu cổ
Chinese	薛苈
Chinese	薜荔
Chinese	薛荔汁
Chinese	薛荔根
Chinese	薛荔
Chinese	凉粉果
Chinese	薜苈
Chinese	木馒头
Chinese	薜荔果
Chinese	凉粉子
Chinese	石壁蓮
Chinese	木莲
Chinese	壁石虎
Chinese	木瓜藤
Chinese	木蓮
Chinese	木饅頭
Chinese	石壁莲
Chinese	鬼馒头
Chinese	鬼饅頭
Chinese	风不动
Chinese	風不動

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang	(Makino) Corner	Gard. Bull. Singapore 18: 6. 1960 (1960)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Cameroon
  - Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
  - Korea
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Ogasawara-Shoto
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - Nepal
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Jawa

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Queensland
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand North

Northern America click to expand
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Florida

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Marianas
- South-central Pacific
  - Society Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - New Caledonia
  - Tonga

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Leeward Islands
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Windward Islands
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Western South America
  - Ecuador
  - Galápagos

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000689922
UNII	HG344M4TH8
Florida Plant Atlas	1937
Flora of Alabama	2678
USDA Plants	FIPU2
Tropicos	21301146
INPN	445809
Flora of Italy	8480
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853513-1
The Plant List	kew-2811930
Missouri Botanical Garden	282751
Open Tree Of Life	734180
NCBI Taxonomy	66386
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000042109
Nature Serve	2.136077
IPNI	853513-1
iNaturalist	162972
GBIF	5361930
Freebase	/m/0287n9b
EPPO	FIUPU
EOL	489706
Calflora (Californian flora)	12513
USDA GRIN	16951
Wikipedia	Ficus_pumila

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Differences in Albizia odoratissima genetic diversity between Hainan Island and mainland populations in China

An Q, Feng Y, Yang Z, Hu L, Wu D, Gong G

Front Plant Sci

24-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11076831
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1369409
PMID:	38721339

Pest categorisation of Pyrrhoderma noxium

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Golic D, Gobbi A, Maiorano A, Pautasso M, Reignault PL

EFSA J

19-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10949325
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8667
PMID:	38505477

Using disposable food packaging materials as printing, embedding, and sectioning media in the plant anatomy lab

Angeles G, Madero‐Vega C

Appl Plant Sci

25-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC11022204
doi:	10.1002/aps3.11570

The antennal transcriptome analysis and characterizations of odorant-binding proteins in Megachile saussurei (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)

Li WZ, Kang WJ, Zhou JJ, Shang SQ, Shi SL

BMC Genomics

15-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10724985
doi:	10.1186/s12864-023-09871-8
PMID:	38102559

Healthy Patients, Workforce and Environment: Coupling Climate Adaptation and Mitigation to Wellbeing in Healthcare

de Souza M, Lee AB, Cook S

Int J Environ Res Public Health

13-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10671525
doi:	10.3390/ijerph20227059
PMID:	37998289

Wild edible plants and their cultural significance among the Zhuang ethnic group in Fangchenggang, Guangxi, China

Liu S, Huang X, Bin Z, Yu B, Lu Z, Hu R, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

08-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10631048
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00623-2
PMID:	37940945

A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacology, Chemistry, Traditional Uses and Quality Control of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. F.): An Aromatic Medicinal Plant

Zou Q, Huang Y, Zhang W, Lu C, Yuan J

Molecules

01-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10648513
doi:	10.3390/molecules28217378
PMID:	37959797

Bioactive Components in Fruit Interact with Gut Microbes

Jin Y, Chen L, Yu Y, Hussain M, Zhong H

Biology (Basel)

13-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10604038
doi:	10.3390/biology12101333
PMID:	37887043

Functional trait divergence associated with heteromorphic leaves in a climbing fig

Deng JY, Wang YJ, Chen LF, Luo T, Wang R, Chen XY

Front Plant Sci

19-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10546399
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1261240
PMID:	37794929

Network feature-based phenotyping of leaf venation robustly reconstructs the latent space

Iwamasa K, Noshita K

PLoS Comput Biol

20-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10358950
doi:	10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010581
PMID:	37471283

Polysaccharides from natural resource: ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus via regulation of oxidative stress network

He LY, Li Y, Niu SQ, Bai J, Liu SJ, Guo JL

Front Pharmacol

11-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10367013
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1184572
PMID:	37497112

Polygalacturonase gene family analysis identifies FcPG12 as a key player in fig (Ficus carica L.) fruit softening

Wang Y, Fan Z, Zhai Y, Huang H, Vainstein A, Ma H

BMC Plant Biol

14-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10265768
doi:	10.1186/s12870-023-04315-7
PMID:	37316788

Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Shui people in Southwest China

Liu S, Zhang B, Lei Q, Zhou J, Ali M, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

30-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10230803
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00594-4
PMID:	37254191

The Preparation and Potential Bioactivities of Modified Pectins: A Review

Jiao X, Li F, Zhao J, Wei Y, Zhang L, Yu W, Li Q

Foods

27-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10001417
doi:	10.3390/foods12051016
PMID:	36900531

Cross-School Collaboration to Develop and Implement Self-Construction Greening Systems for Schools

Teichmann F, Kirchengast I, Korjenic A

Plants (Basel)

10-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9860625
doi:	10.3390/plants12020327
PMID:	36679040

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Tigliane and ingenane diterpenoids
[(1R,2R,6S,10R,11R,13S,14R,15R)-13-acetyloxy-8-formyl-1-hydroxy-4,12,12,15-tetramethyl-5-oxo-14-tetracyclo[8.5.0.02,6.011,13]pentadeca-3,8-dienyl] 2-(methylamino)benzoate	162901456	Click to see	521.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Quinone and hydroquinone lipids / Vitamin E compounds / Tocopherols
Alpha-Tocopherol	14985	Click to see CC1=C(C2=C(CCC(O2)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C(=C1O)C)C	430.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Covi-Ox	6560141	Click to see	430.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
DL-alpha-Tocopherol	2116	Click to see	430.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-[(1R,4R,4aR,8aS)-4-hydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]propan-2-yloxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162956442	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CC1)C(CCC2C(C)(C)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)(C)O	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
Pumilaside C	10597126	Click to see	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids
(2R,4aS,7aR)-7a-acetyl-4a-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydrocyclopenta[b]pyran-5-one	162900941	Click to see	462.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
7a-Acetyl-4a-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrocyclopenta[b]pyran-5-one	45360355	Click to see CC1=C(C2(C(C1=O)(CCC(O2)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)O)C(=O)C)C	462.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
Taraxerol	92097	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
Pumilaside A	10526066	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC2(C(CCC(C2C1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)(C)O)O)C	418.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
Pumilaside B	10621011	Click to see CC1(C2C1C3C(CC2)(C(CCC3(C)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C)C	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid	64945	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
(4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl) acetate	345510	Click to see	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
(6aR,6bR,8aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol	145706026	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)O)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
[(1R,7aR,11bR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl] acetate	45050622	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17S)-17-[(E,2R,5S)-6-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxy-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	100984943	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C3CCC4C(CCC4(C3(CCC2C1(C)C)C)C)C(C)(C=CC(C(C)(C)O)OC)OC)C	546.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17S)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-6-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxy-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	100984945	Click to see	546.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
[(3S,5R,9R,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-[(Z,2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	10624741	Click to see	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[17-(6-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxy-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	85183348	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C3CCC4C(CCC4(C3(CCC2C1(C)C)C)C)C(C)(C=CC(C(C)(C)O)OC)OC)C	546.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
[17-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	73311026	Click to see	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol	225688	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Alpha-Amyrin	73170	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
beta-Amyrenol	225689	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Beta-Amyrin Acetate	92156	Click to see	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Betulinic Acid	64971	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Corosolic acid	6918774	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)O	472.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Glutinol	9932254	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C4CC=C5C(C4(CCC3(C2C1)C)C)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)-	521518	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Lup-20(29)-en-3beta-ol, acetate	323074	Click to see	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Lupeol Acetate	92157	Click to see	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
Cholest-5-en-3-ol	304	Click to see	386.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Cholesterol	5997	Click to see	386.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	14313591	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] acetate	162907776	Click to see CC(CCC(C(=C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(Z,2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] acetate	10528888	Click to see	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[15-(5-Hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] acetate	85269073	Click to see	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
[15-(6-Hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] acetate	537105	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C	484.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
CID 14313590	14313590	Click to see CC(CCC(C(=C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
(24R)-5-Ergosten-3beta-ol	312822	Click to see	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
(3S,8S,9S,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	134766514	Click to see	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Campesterol	173183	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid esters
(17-acetyl-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl) acetate	13994978	Click to see	402.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
(17-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl) acetate	85267218	Click to see	376.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17S)-17-acetyl-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	10501308	Click to see CC(=O)C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C)C	402.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-17-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	10785787	Click to see	376.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1138
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
(24s)-24-Hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one	10502680	Click to see	428.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
17-(5-Ethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	85162569	Click to see	428.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
17-(5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	14213751	Click to see	430.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	122544	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Stigmast-5-en-3 beta,24-diol	191970	Click to see	430.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
Rhoiptelenol	102304204	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C4CC=C5C(C4(CCC3(C2C1C)C)C)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
Benzyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside	13254166	Click to see	270.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
beta-D-Galactopyranoside, phenylmethyl	11032917	Click to see	270.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens
Psoralen	6199	Click to see	186.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1408
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens / 5-methoxypsoralens
Bergapten	2355	Click to see COC1=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=CC3=C1C=CO3	216.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563357 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin	5280460	Click to see	192.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
(+-)-Naringenin	932	Click to see	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
(2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one	667495	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
Taxifolin	439533	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O	304.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
Chrysin	5281607	Click to see	254.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
Luteolin	5280445	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
Tricetin	5281701	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	14630650	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
isovitexin 2''-O-rhamnoside	23844078	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	51402807	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	125528541	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.46.1647
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.48.77
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Hesperetin	72281	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	302.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones
Genistein	5280961	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00064-2

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Ficus pumila

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