Euryale ferox
Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401bf2e157f607224430 |
| Scientific name | Euryale ferox |
| Authority | Salisb. |
| First published in | Ann. Bot. (König & Sims) 2: 74 (1805) |
Description Top
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Euryale ferox, also known as prickly waterlily or makhana, is a unique species of water lily found in southern and eastern Asia. It is the only remaining species in its genus, Euryale. The plant produces edible seeds, known as fox nuts or makhana, which are a popular snack in Asia. The plant is often classified as a water lily, but some consider it to be a distinct family, Euryalaceae. Unlike other water lilies, Euryale has pollen grains with three nuclei. The plant is named after the Greek Gorgon, Euryale, and its specific name, forax, means "wild" in Latin. Euryale ferox is a perennial plant that grows in water and has large, round leaves with a quilted texture. The underside of the leaves is purple, while the upper surface is green and covered in sharp prickles. The plant is primarily found in eastern and southern Asia, with India being the main producer of fox nuts. The seeds are collected in late summer and early autumn and can be eaten raw or cooked. In India, they are often roasted or fried and used in various dishes, such as kheer. Euryale ferox has
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Anneslea spinosa | Andrews | Bot. Repos. x. t. 618. |
| Euryale indica | Planch. | Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 3, 19: 29 (1853) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | prickly water lily |
| English | gorgon |
| English | onibasu |
| English | prickly lotus |
| English | prickly waterlily |
| English | gorgon plant |
| English | fox nut |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
- Inner Mongolia
- Manchuria
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
- Taiwan
-
Russian Far East
- Primorye
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- India
- West Himalaya
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Indo-China
- Myanmar
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Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000683330 |
| UNII | A1528YW4L9 |
| USDA Plants | EUFE6 |
| Tropicos | 22600010 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605350-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2805127 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 583533 |
| Observations.org | 125130 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 4414 |
| IUCN Red List | 168756 |
| IPNI | 605350-1 |
| iNaturalist | 183481 |
| GBIF | 5333335 |
| Freebase | /m/0bs5jz |
| EPPO | EYUFE |
| EOL | 485242 |
| USDA GRIN | 16447 |
| Wikipedia | Euryale_ferox |
| CMAUP | NPO2438 |
| PaleoBotany | 116405 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides | |||||
| (2R)-2-hydroxy-N-[(2S,3R,4E,8E)-3-hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]docosanamide | 16757499 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(=O)NC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C(C=CCCC=CCCCCCCC)O)O | 770.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| (2R)-2-hydroxy-N-[(2S,3R,4E,8E)-3-hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]tetracosanamide | 16757500 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(=O)NC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C(C=CCCC=CCCCCCCC)O)O | 798.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| 2-hydroxy-N-[3-hydroxy-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]docosanamide | 73324218 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(=O)NC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C(C=CCCC=CCCCCCCC)O)O | 770.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| 2-hydroxy-N-[3-hydroxy-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]tetracosanamide | 73324219 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(=O)NC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C(C=CCCC=CCCCCCCC)O)O | 798.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids | |||||
| (1R,7R,7'R,14S,16R,19S)-4',5',7,7',10,11,16,21,22-nonamethyl-7,7',16-tris[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]spiro[8,13,15-trioxapentacyclo[12.4.4.01,14.03,12.04,9]docosa-3(12),4(9),10,21-tetraene-19,2'-8,9-dihydro-1H-furo[3,2-f]chromene]-20-one | 163100590 | Click to see CC1=C(C2=C(CC34CCC(OC3(O2)C(=C(C(=O)C45CC6=C(O5)C(=C(C7=C6CCC(O7)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C)C)C)C)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C8=C1OC(CC8)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C | 1272.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| (1S,7R,7'R,14R,16R,19R)-4',5',7,7',10,11,16,21,22-nonamethyl-7,7',16-tris[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]spiro[8,13,15-trioxapentacyclo[12.4.4.01,14.03,12.04,9]docosa-3(12),4(9),10,21-tetraene-19,2'-8,9-dihydro-1H-furo[3,2-f]chromene]-20-one | 163100589 | Click to see CC1=C(C2=C(CC34CCC(OC3(O2)C(=C(C(=O)C45CC6=C(O5)C(=C(C7=C6CCC(O7)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C)C)C)C)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C8=C1OC(CC8)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C | 1272.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070095J |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Guaianolides and derivatives | |||||
| (3abeta,4R,6abeta,9abeta,9balpha)-3,6,9-Trismethylene-4alpha-(4-hydroxyphenylacetyloxy)-8alpha-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)dodecahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one | 10076444 | Click to see C=C1CC(C2C(C3C1CC(C3=C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=C)OC(=O)CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O | 558.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 8-Epicrepiside E | 21636138 | Click to see C=C1CC(C2C(C3C1CC(C3=C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=C)O | 424.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Ftidkiazunxncj-wbyqcalvsa- | 21636136 | Click to see CC1(CCC2C(C3C1CC(C3=C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=C)O | 426.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Macrocliniside A | 10455028 | Click to see C=C1C2CC(C(=C)C2C3C(CC1O)C(=C)C(=O)O3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 424.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Vernoflexuoside | 442320 | Click to see C=C1CCC2C(C3C1CC(C3=C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=C | 408.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Purine nucleosides | |||||
| 2-amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one | 6802 | Click to see C1=NC2=C(N1C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)NC(=NC2=O)N | 283.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one | 6021 | Click to see C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O | 268.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Adenosine | 60961 | Click to see C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N | 267.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Purine nucleosides / Purine 2-deoxyribonucleosides | |||||
| 2-amino-9-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one | 187790 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=NC3=C2NC(=NC3=O)N)CO)O | 267.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2'-Deoxyadenosine | 13730 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=NC3=C(N=CN=C32)N)CO)O | 251.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 9-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]purin-6-ol | 5280798 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3O)CO)O | 252.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Deoxyadenosine | 636 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=NC3=C(N=CN=C32)N)CO)O | 251.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Pyrimidine nucleosides | |||||
| Cytidine | 6175 | Click to see C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O | 243.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Uridine | 6029 | Click to see C1=CN(C(=O)NC1=O)C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O | 244.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Pyrimidine nucleosides / Pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides | |||||
| 2'-dC B-D-threo | 451823 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=CC(=NC2=O)N)CO)O | 227.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2'-Deoxycytidine | 13711 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=CC(=NC2=O)N)CO)O | 227.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Deoxyuridine | 13712 | Click to see C1C(C(OC1N2C=CC(=O)NC2=O)CO)O | 228.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Thymidine | 5789 | Click to see CC1=CN(C(=O)NC1=O)C2CC(C(O2)CO)O | 242.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Diazines / Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives / Hydroxypyrimidines | |||||
| 5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diol | 5274265 | Click to see CC1=CN=C(N=C1O)O | 126.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Diazines / Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives / Pyrimidones | |||||
| Cytosine | 597 | Click to see C1=C(NC(=O)N=C1)N | 111.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones / Butenolides | |||||
| D-ascorbic acid | 54690394 | Click to see C(C(C1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O | 176.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / 6-aminopurines | |||||
| Adenine | 190 | Click to see C1=NC2=NC=NC(=C2N1)N | 135.13 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / Purinones / Hypoxanthines | |||||
| CID 790 | 790 | Click to see C1=NC2=C(N1)C(=O)N=CN2 | 136.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / Xanthines | |||||
| Xanthine | 1188 | Click to see C1=NC2=C(N1)C(=O)NC(=O)N2 | 152.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |