Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Traditional preparations of Bischofia javanica are well recorded across parts of mainland Southeast Asia and the Pacific. In southern China, the bark is the principal medicine for dysentery and diarrhea, usually taken as a short‑boiling decoction and served warm to reduce frequency of loose stools (Medicinal Plants of China, 2001). In the Philippines, islanders prepared infusions of young leaves for fevers and respiratory complaints, while the Philippines ethnobotanical compendium similarly records the use of leaf infusions to break fevers (R. A. Camangian, Philippine Medicinal Plants, n.d.). In Thailand, village healers use a bark decoction for gastrointestinal distress, including dysentery, and institute the practice of drinking it in small doses with food (PROSEA, 1996). Across these three regions, the bark is the part most consistently cited for digestive complaints, whereas leaf infusions are recorded for fevers and as a supportive tea for coughs or colds.

One practical method follows the simplest decoction model described by Chinese and Thai sources for the bark. Use 10–15 g of clean, chopped dried bark per 300 mL water. Bring to a boil, then simmer gently for 15 minutes, remove from heat, and steep an additional 10 minutes before straining. Sip 100–150 mL warm, twice daily. Do not exceed five days of use without professional guidance. Avoid during pregnancy and do not combine with strong antimicrobial therapy unless advised by a clinician, as gastrointestinal irritation is possible at higher doses.

The bark’s activity is linked to well‑reported constituents: tannins (around 7–14%) that precipitate proteins on mucosal surfaces and reduce intestinal exudate, triterpenoids such as β‑sitosterol, and flavonoids like quercetin and kaempferol that support antioxidant effects and may modulate gut inflammation (J. Phytochem., 2014; R. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2012). These compounds plausibly explain the astringent and anti‑inflammatory profile that underlies the traditional decoctions for diarrhea and dysentery.

Today, Bischofia javanica remains in regional practice where trees are locally abundant, and small‑scale preparation from bark continues to be taught in rural clinics. Early pharmacological work on stem‑bark extracts has affirmed antimicrobial and antidiarrheal activity in vitro, supporting but not superseding clinical commonsense about dosing, duration, and safety monitoring (J. Ethnopharmacol., 2012).

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Sawn timber of Bischofia javanica is harvested for construction, flooring, furniture, cabinetry, and general carpentry. It is also employed in high‑grade flooring and interior paneling. The wood is used as fuel and converted to charcoal for domestic heating and certain industrial processes such as smelting.

Industrial and craft applications:
The heartwood is prized for fine carpentry, joinery, interior finishing, and specialty items such as tool handles, turned objects, carving, and musical‑instrument parts. Its natural resistance to termites and decay makes it suitable for outdoor applications, including poles, fence posts, bridge substructures, and temporary scaffolding. The bark provides tannins used in leather tanning.

Colorants and tanning:
Bark extracts, rich in tannins, serve as natural brown dyes for protein fibers and as tanning agents in leather production. The extracts are compatible with conventional leather‑tanning processes, produce a stable brown hue on silk and wool, and can be blended with other tanning agents for specialty leather finishes.

Wood and fiber:
Sawn boards, veneer, and plywood are produced from the wood. The fiber can be incorporated into composite panels, medium‑density fiberboard (MDF), and other wood‑based products. The material’s dimensional stability supports its use in engineered wood products.

Properties relevant to use:
The wood has a medium‑high density (≈0.70–0.85 g cm⁻³) and a high lignin/cellulose ratio, providing strength and durability for structural applications. Typical moisture content is 10–12 % at equilibrium, with moderate shrinkage that reduces warping, and a natural oil content that enhances surface finish. The bark contains high levels of hydrolysable tannins, enabling effective leather tanning and color development in textile dyeing.

Standards and regulation:
Timber from B. javanica follows national grading rules (e.g., ASEAN Hardwood Grading) and may be certified under FSC or PEFC forest‑management standards. Moisture content is measured according to ISO 13061‑2, ensuring consistent quality in export shipments. Tannin extracts for leather meet ISO 14416 specifications for tanning agents. Wood used in construction complies with local building‑material standards (e.g., US Hardwood Grading Rules, EN 13171 for wood‑based panels).

Sustainability and sourcing:
Classified as Least Concern by IUCN, but localized harvesting pressures require sustainable forestry; planting in agroforestry systems supplies material while reducing pressure on wild populations. Certification programs and forest‑management plans are employed to ensure long‑term resource availability. The species is included in national forest inventories and is a frequent component of reforestation initiatives because of its fast growth and multipurpose value.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Microelus roeperianus	(Decne.) Wight & Arn.	Edinburgh New Philos. J. 14: 298 (Apr. 1833)
Phyllanthus gymnanthus	Baill.	Adansonia 2: 240 (1862)
Stylodiscus trifoliatus	(Roxb.) Benn.	Pl. Jav. Rar. : 133 (1838)
Bischofia cummingiana	Decne.	Voy. Inde 4: 153 (1844)
Bischofia javanica var. lanceolata	Müll.Arg.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 15(2): 479. 1866
Bischofia javanica var. oblongifolia	(Decne.) Müll.Arg.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 15(2): 479. 1866
Bischofia javanica var. toui	(Decne.) Müll.Arg.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 15(2): 478. 1866
Bischofia leptopoda	Müll.Arg.	Prodr. 15(2): 479 (1866)
Bischofia oblongifolia	Decne.	Voy. Inde 4: 152 (1844)
Bischofia roeperiana	Decne.	Voy. Inde 4: 153 (1844)
Bischofia toui	Decne.	Voy. Inde 4: 153 (1844)
Bischofia trifoliata	(Roxb.) Hook.	Hooker's Icon. Pl. 9: t. 844 (1851)
Andrachne apetala	Roxb. ex Wall.	Numer. List [Wallich] n. 7956. 1847
Andrachne trifoliata	Roxb.	Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 728 (1832)
Bischofia javanica var. genuina	Müll.Arg.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 15(2): 478. 1866
Andrachne apetala	Roxb. ex Benth.	Numer. List n.° 7956. 1847 (1847)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	bishop wood
English	javanese bishopwood
Spanish	stylodiscus trifoliatus
Spanish	microelus roeperianus
Spanish	bischofia toui
Spanish	bischofia roeperiana
Spanish	bischofia oblongifolia
Spanish	andrachne apetala
Spanish	bischofia trifoliata
Spanish	andrachne trifoliata
Spanish	bischofia cummingiana
Spanish	phyllanthus gymnanthus
Spanish	bischofia leptopoda
ace	tingkeuem
Finnish	jaavanpallerosade
hak	kâ-tûng
Indonesian	gadog
Japanese	アカギ
jv	gintungan
Kannada	ನೀಲಿ
Malayalam	ചോലവേങ്ങ
Malay	pokok jitang
Malay	jitang
Burmese	ရေပိတောက်ပင်
nan	ka-tang
Dutch	gadog
Portuguese	cedro-de-java
Portuguese	biscófia
pwn	cuqulj
su	gintung
szy	sakul
Tamil	சோழவேங்கை
Tonga	koka
Chinese	秋枫
Chinese	秋枫木
Chinese	秋枫木叶
Chinese	茄冬
Chinese	茄苳
Chinese	重阳木
Chinese	万年青树
Chinese	赤木
Chinese	水蚬木
Chinese	秋枫树
Chinese	一种维管植物

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan
- Eastern Asia
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Ogasawara-Shoto
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Queensland

Northern America click to expand
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
- South-central Pacific
  - Cook Islands
  - Society Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - New Caledonia
  - Niue
  - Samoa
  - Santa Cruz Island
  - Tonga
  - Vanuatu
  - Wallis-Futuna Islands

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Puerto Rico

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000342237
Florida Plant Atlas	1498
USDA Plants	BIJA
Tropicos	12801991
INPN	447120
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:339921-1
The Plant List	kew-22243
Open Tree Of Life	841356
NCBI Taxonomy	210340
Nature Serve	2.154308
IUCN Red List	61956399
IPNI	339921-1
iNaturalist	156333
GBIF	5383085
Freebase	/m/07n1j7
EPPO	BIHTR
EOL	1149282
USDA GRIN	7243
Wikipedia	Bischofia_javanica
CMAUP	NPO17355

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Feeding adaptation of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) to the fragmented limestone habitats in Southwest China

Yao W, Huang C, Zhao J, Huang R, Li W, Fan P, Zhou Q

Ecol Evol

22-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11035973
doi:	10.1002/ece3.11269
PMID:	38654711

Does local soil factor drive functional leaf trait variation? A test on Neilingding Island, South China

Tong S, Zhang J, Qiao X, Li B, Yang Q, Hu P, Yu S

BMC Ecol Evol

10-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11005248
doi:	10.1186/s12862-024-02227-0
PMID:	38600505

Pest categorisation of Pyrrhoderma noxium

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Golic D, Gobbi A, Maiorano A, Pautasso M, Reignault PL

EFSA J

19-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10949325
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8667
PMID:	38505477

Three New Species of Aceria (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) from China

Tan M, Lian R, Ruan H, Liang X

Animals (Basel)

25-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10930918
doi:	10.3390/ani14050720
PMID:	38473104

Low-Cost Plant-Based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis and Their Use in Optical and Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors

Ciobotaru IC, Oprea D, Ciobotaru CC, Enache TA

Biosensors (Basel)

15-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10741781
doi:	10.3390/bios13121031
PMID:	38131791

Exploring the Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Compounds in Pelargonium sp.: Beyond a Fragrant Plant

Roman S, Voaides C, Babeanu N

Plants (Basel)

10-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10748180
doi:	10.3390/plants12244123
PMID:	38140450

Physiological and Physical Strategies to Minimize Damage at the Branch–Stem Junction of Trees: Using the Finite Element Method to Analyze Stress in Four Branch–Stem Features

Liu TC, Peng YS, Cheng BY

Plants (Basel)

03-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10707858
doi:	10.3390/plants12234060
PMID:	38068695

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

Ameen M, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Munir M, Abid I, Mustafa AE, Athar M, Makhkamov T, Mamarakhimov O, Yuldashev A, Khaydarov K, Mammadova AO, Botirova L, Makkamov Z

Membranes (Basel)

27-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10744951
doi:	10.3390/membranes13120889
PMID:	38132893

Pest categorisation of Diaprepes abbreviatus

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, MacLeod A

EFSA J

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10648563
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8318
PMID:	38027434

Wild edible plants and their cultural significance among the Zhuang ethnic group in Fangchenggang, Guangxi, China

Liu S, Huang X, Bin Z, Yu B, Lu Z, Hu R, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

08-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10631048
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00623-2
PMID:	37940945

Steroids Bearing Heteroatom as Potential Drugs for Medicine

Dembitsky VM

Biomedicines

03-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10604304
doi:	10.3390/biomedicines11102698
PMID:	37893072

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into habitat restoration: implications for meeting forest restoration challenges

Haq SM, Pieroni A, Bussmann RW, Abd-ElGawad AM, El-Ansary HO

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

10-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10413632
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00606-3
PMID:	37559120

Do carbon stocks and floristic diversity of tropical homegardens vary along an elevational gradient and based on holding size in central Kerala, India?

Kumar BM

Agrofor Syst

07-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10081327
doi:	10.1007/s10457-023-00821-7
PMID:	37193256

Structure and characteristics of the plant-frugivore bird network from the Guilin Botanical Garden

Wang G, Huang Y, Yao W, Huang Q, Huang Y, Wei L, Zhou Q

PeerJ

16-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10024898
doi:	10.7717/peerj.15028
PMID:	36945357

Important Medicinal and Food Taxa (Orders and Families) in Kenya, Based on Three Quantitative Approaches

Mutie FM, Mbuni YM, Rono PC, Mkala EM, Nzei JM, Phumthum M, Hu GW, Wang QF

Plants (Basel)

02-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005506
doi:	10.3390/plants12051145
PMID:	36904005

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Triacontane	12535	Click to see	422.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
[(2S,5S,6R,7S,9S,11R,13S)-9,11-dihydroxy-13-(methoxymethyl)-5,9,13-trimethyl-4-oxo-3,12-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.02,6]tridec-1(10)-en-7-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	102321417	Click to see	410.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,7S,9R,9bS)-6,7,9-trihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3a,4,5,7,8,9b-hexahydro-3H-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	643640	Click to see	380.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	101672241	Click to see	346.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	101078309	Click to see	346.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9R,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	15922700	Click to see	378.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9R,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	101143220	Click to see	378.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Guaianes
(2S)-2-(3,8-dimethylazulen-5-yl)propanoic acid	3083593	Click to see CC1=C2C=CC(=C2C=C(C=C1)C(C)C(=O)O)C	228.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(3R,3aS,7R,10E,11aS)-7-hydroxy-3,10-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3,3a,4,5,7,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one	13821246	Click to see CC1C2CCC(=C)C(CCC(=CC2OC1=O)C)O	250.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Eudesmanolides, secoeudesmanolides, and derivatives
(3R,3aS,5aR,6R,9R,9aS,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,6,7,8,9a,9b-octahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2-one	14110909	Click to see	268.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Dihydrosantamarin	13895713	Click to see CC1C2CCC3(C(CC=C(C3C2OC1=O)C)O)C	250.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
Costunolide derivative	54607887	Click to see	250.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid	64945	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
Friedelin	91472	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids
Betaine	247	Click to see	117.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Proline and derivatives
(-)-Stachydrine	115244	Click to see	143.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S)-pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate	6971047	Click to see	115.13	unknown	via CMAUP database
Betonicine	164642	Click to see	159.18	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Cholines
Choline	305	Click to see	104.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Cycloheptafurans
(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-4-(Acetyloxy)-3a,5,6,9b-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-4H-cyclohepta(2,1-b:3,4-c')difuran-2(3H)-one	15127111	Click to see	308.33	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(2S,5S,6R,7S,9S)-9-hydroxy-5,9,13-trimethyl-4-oxo-3,12-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.02,6]trideca-1(13),10-dien-7-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	102008485	Click to see	348.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-2,3,3a,5,6,9b-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-4H-cyclohepta(2,1-b:3,4-c')difuran-4-yl ester, (2Z)-	102008484	Click to see	348.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
[(3R,3aR,4S,9aS,9bR)-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] acetate	102014217	Click to see	304.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,9aR,9bS)-9a-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] acetate	76764466	Click to see	320.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
14-Deoxylactucin	156302	Click to see	260.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
Deacetylmatricarin	6713966	Click to see	262.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Dehydroleucodine	73440	Click to see CC1=C2C(C3C(CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=CC2=O)C	244.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
Hydroxyachillin	10038339	Click to see	262.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Matricarin	3083923	Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C(C2OC1=O)C(=CC3=O)C)C)OC(=O)C	304.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
Matricin	92265	Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C=CC(C3C2OC1=O)(C)O)C)OC(=O)C	306.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
Procyanidin B	130556	Click to see	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
Procyanidin B1	11250133	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Fisetin	5281614	Click to see	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
Quercetagetin-6,7-3',4'-tetramethyl Ether	5316832	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)O)OC	374.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
Isoschaftoside	3084995	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C(C(=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	564.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Schaftoside	442658	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O	564.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
Luteolin 7-glucuronide	5280601	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	462.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside	5318767	Click to see	594.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Quercitrin	5280459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-glucoside	185766	Click to see	464.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside	5280704	Click to see	432.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isorhoifolin	9851181	Click to see	578.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside	5280637	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Chryseriol	5280666	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-708X/55/2/8608
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Diosmetin	5281612	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	300.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Centaureidin	5315773	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O	360.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pectolinarigenin	5320438	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O	314.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
Santin	5281695	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC	344.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Artemetin	5320351	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)OC	388.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Eupatorin	97214	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)O	344.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Penduletin 4'-methyl ether	5318355	Click to see	358.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(1,13,14,15,18,19,20,34,35,39,39-Undecahydroxy-2,5,10,23,31-pentaoxo-6,9,24,27,30,40-hexaoxaoctacyclo[34.3.1.04,38.07,26.08,29.011,16.017,22.032,37]tetraconta-3,11,13,15,17,19,21,32,34,36-decaen-28-yl) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	115063	Click to see	952.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
(1R,35R,38R,55S)-6,7,8,11,12,23,24,27,28,29,37,43,44,45,48,49,50-heptadecahydroxy-2,14,21,33,36,39,54-heptaoxaundecacyclo(33.20.0.04,9.010,19.013,18.016,25.017,22.026,31.038,55.041,46.047,52)pentapentaconta-4,6,8,10,12,16,18,22,24,26,28,30,41,43,45,47,49,51-octadecaene-3,15,20,32,40,53-hexone	44584733	Click to see	1084.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
(57R,58S,510R,511R,519S)-14,15,16,24,25,26,52,53,516,517,517-Undecahydroxy-55,513,515,3,8-pentaoxo-55,57,58,510,511,513,515,516,517,517a-decahydro-4,7-dioxa-5(19,10)-1,16-epoxy-7,11-methanodibenzo[i,k][1,4,7]trioxacyclotridecina-1,2(1,2)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane-58-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	138991573	Click to see	952.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[(1S,7R,9R,18R,19S,21R,22S)-7,8,8,12,13,22-hexahydroxy-21-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,16-trioxo-2,17,20,23-tetraoxapentacyclo[16.3.1.17,11.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,10,12,14-tetraen-19-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	44567215	Click to see	650.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[(1S,8R,9R,18R,19S,21R,22S)-7,7,8,12,13,22-hexahydroxy-21-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,16-trioxo-2,17,20,23-tetraoxapentacyclo[16.3.1.18,11.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,10,12,14-tetraen-19-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	101921699	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C3C(C(C(O2)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=O)C(C5(C4C6=C(O5)C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O3)O)O)O)(O)O)O	650.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-tris[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] 2-[[(1R,7R,8S,26R,28S,29R,38R)-1,13,14,15,18,19,34,35,39,39-decahydroxy-2,5,10,23,31-pentaoxo-28-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6,9,24,27,30,40-hexaoxaoctacyclo[34.3.1.04,38.07,26.08,29.011,16.017,22.032,37]tetraconta-3,11,13,15,17,19,21,32,34,36-decaen-20-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	162883578	Click to see	1891.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[4,5,6-Tris[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] 2-[[1,13,14,15,18,19,34,35,39,39-decahydroxy-2,5,10,23,31-pentaoxo-28-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6,9,24,27,30,40-hexaoxaoctacyclo[34.3.1.04,38.07,26.08,29.011,16.017,22.032,37]tetraconta-3,11,13,15,17,19,21,32,34,36-decaen-20-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	162883577	Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C7C(=CC(=O)C(C7(O)O)(O6)O)C(=O)O3)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8C9=C(C(=C(C=C9C(=O)O1)OC1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)OC1C(OC(C(C1OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)COC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	1891.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[6-(3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoyl)-4,5-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] 2-[[1,14,15,16,19,20,35,36,40,40-decahydroxy-2,5,11,24,32-pentaoxo-29-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6,7,10,25,28,31,41-heptaoxaoctacyclo[35.3.1.04,39.08,27.09,30.012,17.018,23.033,38]hentetraconta-3,12,14,16,18,20,22,33,35,37-decaen-21-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	163196140	Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C7C(=CC(=O)C(C7(O)O)(O6)O)C(=O)OO3)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8C9=C(C(=C(C=C9C(=O)O1)OC1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)OC1C(OC(C(C1OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)C(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)COC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	1891.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
[7,8,8,12,13,22-Hexahydroxy-21-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,16-trioxo-2,17,20,23-tetraoxapentacyclo[16.3.1.17,11.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,10,12,14-tetraen-19-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	14429416	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C3C(C(C(O2)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=O)C5(C(C4C6=C(O5)C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O3)O)O)(O)O)O)O	650.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
beta-Punicalagin	16148440	Click to see	1084.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
Corilagin	73568	Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
Corilagin (Standard)	5089683	Click to see	634.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
Geraniin	3001497	Click to see	952.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O
Npc88976	16129869	Click to see	1084.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00670-O

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Bischofia javanica

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