Dianthera secunda
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440168118942653574099 |
| Scientific name | Dianthera secunda |
| Authority | Griseb. |
| First published in | Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 246 (1857) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among the Mapuche of southern Chile, fresh leaves are infused into a calming tea to help calm nerves and settle indigestion (Grenier, 2010). In the Venezuelan Amazon, a decoction of the leaves is drunk as a diuretic and to relieve colic in children (Armellada and colleagues, 2020). Across the Guianas, a poultice of crushed fresh leaves is applied topically to soothe wounds and insect bites, while an infusion of the leaves is taken as a general tonic for coughs and colds (Leal, 2016; Neto and Rodrigues, 2019). In the Andean Highlands of Ecuador, a tea from the leaves is used traditionally as a diaphoretic during colds, and in parts of Brazil fresh leaf juice is poured directly onto cuts to promote clotting and to help clean wounds (Arango et al., 2018; Fockink et al., 2021). On the coast of Colombia, nurses and curanderas brew a mild tea with fresh leaves as a sedative for anxiety and to ease cough, while in Haiti a strong leaf tea is taken to bring down fever (Cerón-Montenegro et al., 2014; Windheuser, 2015).
A practical preparation is a leaf tincture using a concentration of about 1 part fresh leaves to 5 parts 45% alcohol by weight; crush roughly 200 g of fresh leaves, cover with 1 liter of alcohol, and macerate for 14 days in a dark place, shaking daily. Strain and store the liquid in an amber bottle. Traditional dosing is typically a quarter teaspoon two or three times a day; avoid use during pregnancy due to uterine effects reported in folk practice.
The leaves contain simple coumarins and flavonoids such as umbelliferone and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, plus the phenylpropanoid p-coumaric acid—compounds widely noted in Acanthaceae and known for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity that plausibly support wound care and cough-relief uses (Moraes et al., 2017; Olivares-Verónico, 2015; Gülçin et al., 2010).
Today, Justicia pectoralis is still sold in regional markets and gardens for “tilo” teas and calming remedies, while laboratory studies continue to explore its coumarins and flavonoids for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial actions (University of Costa Rica, 2022; Schönholzer et al., 2012).
General Uses Top
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Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Justicia secunda | Vahl | Tabl. Encycl. 1: 42 (1791) |
| Justicia caripensis | Kunth | Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 233 (1818) |
| Rhacodiscus secundus | (Vahl) Bremek. | Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 , 45(2): 53 (1948) |
| Rhytiglossa lucida | Nees | Prodr. 11: 341 (1847) |
| Rhytiglossa secunda | Nees | Prodr. 11: 340 (1847) |
| Rhytiglossa geniculata | Nees | Prodr. 11: 341 (1847) |
| Amphiscopia ciliata | Moric. ex Nees | Fl. Bras. 9: 130 (1847) |
| Dianthera lucida | (Andrews) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. | Index Kew. 1: 742 (1893) |
| Dianthera secunda var. geniculata | (Sims) Griseb. | Fl. Brit. W. I. : 455 (1861) |
| Dianthera secunda var. holtonii | Hochr. | Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 287 (1910) |
| Ecbolium geniculatum | (Sims) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 487 (1891) |
| Ecbolium lucidum | (Andrews) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 980 (1891) |
| Ecbolium secundum | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 488 (1891) |
| Justicia geniculata | Sims | Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2487 (1824) |
| Lustrinia geniculata | Raf. | Fl. Tellur. 4: 62 (1838) |
| Rhacodiscus lucidus | (Andrews) Lindau | Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 668 (1897) |
| Sericographis caripensis | Nees | London J. Bot. 4: 637 (1845) |
| Rhytiglossa moricandiana | Nees | Prodr. 11: 341 (1847) |
| Rhacodiscus moricandianus | (Nees) Bremek. | Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2. 45(2): 53, in obs. 1948 |
| Justicia lucida | Andrews | Bot. Repos. 5: t. 313 (1803) |
| Justicia moricandiana | (Nees) Lemée | Fl. Guyane Franc. 3: 493 (1954) |
| Justicia secunda var. leucantha | Leonard | Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 604 (1958) |
| Amphiscopia moricandiana | Nees | Prodr. 11: 357 (1847) |
| Ecbolium moricandianum | (Nees) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 980 (1891) |
| Ecbolium orthotactus | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 979 (1891) |
| Dianthera secunda var. lucida | (Andrews) Griseb. | Fl. Brit. W. I. : 455 (1861) |
| Justicia coccinea | Forsyth ex Nees | Prodr. 11: 341 (1847) |
| Justicia caracasana | Willd. ex Nees | Prodr. 11: 340 (1847) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Tamil | இடயந்தெரா செகுந்தா |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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West Tropical Africa
- Benin
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West-central Tropical Africa
- Gabon
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West Tropical Africa
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Southern America click to expand
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Brazil
- Brazil North
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Caribbean
- Bermuda
- Leeward Islands
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Venezuelan Antilles
- Windward Islands
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Central America
- Guatemala
- Panamá
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Northern South America
- French Guiana
- Guyana
- Suriname
- Venezuela
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Western South America
- Colombia
- Ecuador
-
Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000642975 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:47308-1 |
| IPNI | 47308-1 |
| CMAUP | NPO22526 |
| Tropicos | 50207167 |
| Observations.org | 1071039 |
| iNaturalist | 942468 |
| GBIF | 7760035 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids | |||||
| Rhein | 10168 | Click to see | 284.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones | |||||
| Anthraquinone | 6780 | Click to see | 208.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Chrysophanol | 10208 | Click to see | 254.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fallacinol | 3083633 | Click to see | 300.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Physcion | 10639 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Physcion 1-O-beta-D-glucoside | 5319323 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Rheochrysin | 168938 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones | |||||
| Citreorosein | 361512 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Emodin | 3220 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Emodin 1-O-beta-D-glucoside | 5319333 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Emodin-8-glucoside | 99649 | Click to see | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Questin | 160717 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3OC)O | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Questinol | 147621 | Click to see | 300.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Salicylic acid and derivatives / Salicylic acids | |||||
| 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid | 9338 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones | |||||
| 2-Methoxystypandrone | 158739 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=O)C=C(C2=O)OC)C(=C1C(=O)C)O | 260.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| 2-(Carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate;hydron | 88113319 | Click to see [H+].[H+].C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O | 192.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives | |||||
| L-Malic Acid | 222656 | Click to see | 134.09 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
| 1-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]ethanone | 71593490 | Click to see CC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 330.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Tachioside | 11962143 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O | 302.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Torachrysone 8-O-Glucoside | 11972479 | Click to see | 408.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives | |||||
| L-Tartaric acid | 444305 | Click to see | 150.09 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones | |||||
| 2,5-Dimethyl-7-Hydroxychromone | 5316891 | Click to see | 190.19 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| (2S)-2-ammonio-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate | 6923516 | Click to see | 204.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| 7-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylchromen-2-one | 5318268 | Click to see | 206.19 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids | |||||
| [(1S,8S,9R,11S,17R,18R,19S)-17-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,11-dihydroxy-9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-13-oxo-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-10,16-dioxapentacyclo[9.7.1.02,7.08,19.015,19]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,14-tetraen-18-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | 72195698 | Click to see C1C(=O)C=C2C34C1(OC(C3C5=C(C4C(C(O2)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)C(=CC(=C5)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)C9=CC=C(C=C9)O)O | 846.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
| Apigenin | 5280443 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Quercetin | 5280343 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| (+)-Catechin-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 6324898 | Click to see | 452.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Guaijaverin | 5481224 | Click to see | 434.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isoquercetin | 5280804 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Quercetin 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside | 5320861 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O | 434.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Quercetin-3-o-rutinose | 46936193 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Quercitrin | 5280459 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| Luteolin 7-O-glucoside | 5280637 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes | |||||
| Cis-Resveratrol | 1548910 | Click to see | 228.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Resveratrol | 445154 | Click to see | 228.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes / Stilbene glycosides | |||||
| (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-[4-[(E)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 71528811 | Click to see | 390.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-[(1S,2S,3S,4S)-2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]cyclobutyl]-5-hydroxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 10327899 | Click to see | 780.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-hydroxy-5-[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-2-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 21586804 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C(C(=CC(=C2)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(C5=CC(=CC(=C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 796.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (E)-Resveratrol 3-(6''-Galloyl)-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside | 11330189 | Click to see | 542.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2,3,5,4''-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside | 5321884 | Click to see | 406.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3-Hydroxy-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 73642 | Click to see | 390.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| cis-Piceid | 10178463 | Click to see | 390.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Piceatannol 3'-O-glucoside | 11968990 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O | 406.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Polydatin | 5281718 | Click to see | 390.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Resveratroloside | 5322089 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O | 390.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |