Swertia pseudochinensis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440044820e54272041713 |
| Scientific name | Swertia pseudochinensis |
| Authority | H.Hara |
| First published in | J. Jap. Bot. 25: 89 (1950) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Swertia pseudochinensis is an East Asian bitter herb that has long been used to support digestion and liver health. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the aerial parts are dried and taken as an infusion to “clear heat,” stimulate appetite, and act as a bitter tonic; preparation notes for a simple bitter tea and for a combined decoction with other herbs are given in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Materia Medica (Bensky et al., 2004). In Japan, the plant (known as senburi) is used in Kampo practice; it appears in formulas such as sho‑saiko‑to for liver‑supportive purposes and is also brewed as a mild bitter tea for digestive comfort, as described in Kampo Medicine (Tsumura, 1991). In Korea, the herb is similarly valued in traditional medicine for its bitter properties and digestive tonic effects; contemporary Korean herbal compendia describe standard decoctions with other hepatobiliary herbs, often following the East Asian bitter‑herb tradition summarized in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology review by Murch et al. (1997).
To make a simple bitter tonic tea, stir 1 to 2 teaspoons (approximately 2–4 g) of dried Swertia pseudochinensis aerial parts into 200–250 mL of just‑boiled water and steep, covered, for 5 to 10 minutes, then strain; many practitioners advise tasting and adjusting the dose to avoid an excessively strong bitterness, as noted by Bensky et al. (2004). For a 1:5 tincture, macerate 20 g of dried herb in 100 mL of 45–50% ethanol for 2 to 3 weeks, shaking gently, then strain and store the liquid in the dark. Use the tincture as a small, bitter “drop” dose to aid digestion or appetite, adding only a few drops to water before meals. Do not use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding; due to its bitter nature it may aggravate severe liver disease—consult a qualified practitioner before use (Bensky et al., 2004; Tsumura, 1991).
The herb’s bitterness is explained by its characteristic iridoid glycosides, especially gentiopicroside together with smaller amounts of swertiamarin and the intensely bitter compound amarogentin; other prenylated xanthones and some secoiridoids such as sweroside are also reported, as detailed in Wichtl’s Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals (2019). This phytochemical profile underpins the classical uses as a digestive tonic and bitter liver‑supportive agent.
Modern research on gentiopicroside and related iridoids has renewed interest, with studies exploring hepatoprotective, anti‑inflammatory, and digestive‑stimulating effects that echo traditional claims; these aspects are discussed by Kim et al. (2004) and others. Dried Swertia pseudochinensis remains commercially available as a raw herb in East Asian markets, and standardized extracts appear in supplements targeting liver and digestive health, reflecting continued traditional use informed by current science.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Dried aerial parts of Swertia pseudochinensis are supplied by phytochemical vendors as a botanical reference material for quantitative analysis of marker compounds such as swertiamarin, mangiferin and gentiopicroside. The material is provided in powder or bulk form for use in HPLC and LC‑MS calibrations (ISO 17034‑certified reference material producers).
Industrial and craft applications:
Methanol extracts of the plant have been evaluated as natural textile dyes. Pilot‑scale dye baths using the extracts give yellow‑brown shades on silk, wool and cotton. The extracts are incorporated into experimental dye formulations to assess colour yield and fastness in small‑batch textile workshops and research laboratories.
Colorants and tanning:
The yellow‑brown colour of the extracts originates from xanthone glycosides (e.g., mangiferin) and flavonoid pigments, which absorb maximally near 260–280 nm and maintain hue after mordanting with aluminum or iron salts. Performance tests report acceptable light‑fastness and moderate wash‑fastness on protein fibres, comparable to other plant‑derived anthraquinone dyes.
Properties relevant to use:
- High phenolic content (≈8 % of dry weight) provides strong UV‑absorbing capacity and antioxidant activity, beneficial for dye stability.
- Presence of iridoid bitter glycosides enables quantification of the extract as a chemical standard.
- The extracted pigments are soluble in ethanol and partially in water, facilitating dye‑bath preparation without organic solvents.
Standards and regulation:
Reference material derived from S. pseudochinensis must comply with ISO 17034 (reference material producers) and ISO/IEC 17025 (testing laboratories). Natural‑dye evaluations follow ASTM D2394 (standard test method for colour fastness of dyed textiles). When used as a food‑grade flavoring component (if applicable), national flavoring regulations (e.g., EU Flavouring Regulation 1334/2008) would apply.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Wild populations are harvested in parts of China, Laos and northern Vietnam for the botanical supply chain. Sustainable collection guidelines recommend limiting harvest to mature plants, rotating collection sites and monitoring population size. Pilot cultivation trials in Yunnan have demonstrated viable seed propagation and may reduce reliance on wild harvest in the future.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Frasera pseudochinensis | (H.Hara) Toyok. | Symb. Asahikaw. 1: 156 (1965) |
| Ophelia pseudochinensis | (H.Hara) Czerep. | Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR) 271 (1995), isonym;. |
| Swertia chinensis f. grandiflora | Franch. | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 46: 322 (1899) |
| Ophelia pseudochinensis f. grandiflora | (Franch.) A.E.Kozhevn. & Z.Kozhevn. | Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 114(2): 55 (2009) |
| Swertia pseudochinensis f. alba | Y.N.Lee | Fl. Korea : 1159 (1996) |
| Swertia chinensis f. violacea | Makino | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 55 (1903) |
| Swertia pseudochinensis f. grandiflora | (Franch.) H.Hara | J. Jap. Bot. 25: 89 (1950) |
| Ophelia pseudochinensis | (H.Hara) Toyok. | J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., Ser. 5, Bot. 7: 167 (1963) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Japanese | ムラサキセンブリ |
| Chinese | 当药 |
| Chinese | 瘤毛獐牙菜 |
| Chinese | 瘤毛獐牙菜（紫花当药） |
| Chinese | 紫花当药 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- Inner Mongolia
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
-
Russian Far East
- Primorye
-
China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000498064 |
| UNII | N6UGT4Q998 |
| Tropicos | 13800992 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371045-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2590275 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 416290 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 676131 |
| IPNI | 371045-1 |
| GBIF | 7270188 |
| EPPO | SWEPS |
| EOL | 2892751 |
| CMAUP | NPO14381 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives | |||||
| Syringic Acid | 10742 | Click to see | 198.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Biphenyls and derivatives | |||||
| [2-[(4-Ethenyl-4a-hydroxy-8-oxo-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-c]pyran-3-yl)oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)benzoate | 12305846 | Click to see | 602.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Amaroswerin | 45359883 | Click to see | 602.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (-)-Sweroside | 161036 | Click to see | 358.34 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| (3R,4S,4aR)-4-ethenyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one | 9906781 | Click to see C=CC1C2CCOC(=O)C2=COC1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O | 358.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4-ethenyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one | 581257 | Click to see | 358.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Gentiopicroside | 88708 | Click to see | 356.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Iridiod monoterpenoid | 12443156 | Click to see | 374.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sucrose | 5988 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Swertiamarin | 442435 | Click to see | 374.34 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.36.1575 |
| Swertiamaroside | 3515878 | Click to see | 374.34 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
| Di-O-Methylcrenatin | 10736338 | Click to see | 346.33 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isotachioside | 15098566 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 302.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Multifidol glucoside | 14412552 | Click to see | 372.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones | |||||
| 1-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone | 5488808 | Click to see | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| 1-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one | 5316768 | Click to see | 450.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1,3-Dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyxanthone | 5316765 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1,5-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one | 5858086 | Click to see | 436.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| 1,8-Dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone | 5281653 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxy-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one | 5316767 | Click to see | 450.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxanthen-9-one | 163037619 | Click to see | 440.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| 8-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthen-9-one | 11330321 | Click to see | 552.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| 8-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthen-9-one | 72803945 | Click to see | 552.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Bellidifolin | 5281623 | Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)O | 274.22 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Demethylbellidifolin | 5281626 | Click to see | 260.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Gentisin | 5281636 | Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3)O)O | 258.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Mangiferin | 5281647 | Click to see C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 422.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Polygonimitin B | 5316774 | Click to see | 418.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Swerchirin | 5281660 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Swertianin | 5281661 | Click to see | 274.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Swertianolin | 5281662 | Click to see | 436.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| Tetrahydroswertianolin | 10343169 | Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C(CCC3O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 440.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.28.534 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives | |||||
| Urolithin C | 60198001 | Click to see | 244.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens | |||||
| Isooxypeucedanin | 625383 | Click to see | 286.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids | |||||
| (2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol | 102115501 | Click to see | 562.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol | 101297694 | Click to see | 562.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol | 102115500 | Click to see | 562.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | 102400061 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3S)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | 102400062 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epirobinetinidol-(4beta,8)-catechin | 51042196 | Click to see | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fisetinidol-(4A8)-catechin | 14332862 | Click to see | 562.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fisetinidol-(4alpha,6)-gallocatechin | 51041987 | Click to see | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fisetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin | 11731408 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 562.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Robinetinidol-(4alpha->8)-catechin-(6->4alpha)-robinetinidol | 442689 | Click to see | 866.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin | 70697937 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O | 578.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-gallocatechin | 70697956 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epicatechin | 72276 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins | |||||
| Gallocatechin | 65084 | Click to see | 306.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols | |||||
| 5-[(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol | 101846310 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Robinetinidol | 12314983 | Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones | |||||
| Butin | 92775 | Click to see C1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols | |||||
| Garbanzol | 442410 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Taxifolin | 439533 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O | 304.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Leucoanthocyanidins | |||||
| ent-Epifisetinidol-4beta-ol | 44257142 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Fisetinidol-4alpha-ol | 164762 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Fisetin | 5281614 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Robinetin | 5281692 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | 44257906 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-Methoxy-6-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Chromen-4-One | 369636 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 6-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3',4',5-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone | 44258368 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 6-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-4',5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone | 44258316 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 6-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone | 44257794 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isoorientin | 114776 | Click to see | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isovitexin | 162350 | Click to see | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Leucanthoside | 3556303 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 |
| Swertiajaponin | 442659 | Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 |
| Swertisin | 124034 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.485 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| 4'-O-methylrobinetinidol 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 51041986 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C3C(CC4=C(O3)C=C(C=C4)O)O)O | 466.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Fisetin 3-methyl ether | 9839293 | Click to see | 300.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Geraldone | 5281618 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Fisetin Tetramethyl Ether | 631171 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins | |||||
| 1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose | 440221 | Click to see | 484.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |