Zanthoxylum fagara - Unknown
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Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ffbcea0837611946186
Scientific name Zanthoxylum fagara
Authority Sarg.
First published in Gard. & Forest 2: 186 (1890)

Description Top

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The leaves and bark also have medicinal properties and have been used to treat various ailments, such as toothaches, stomach aches, and skin irritations. The tree is also used in landscaping and as a natural barrier due to its thorny branches. In addition, it is an important food source for wildlife, including birds and mammals.

Overall, Zanthoxylum fagara, or wild lime, is a versatile and valuable plant with various uses and benefits. Its close relation to citrus plants and its ability to thrive in different environments make it a unique and important species in the citrus family.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Zanthoxylum pterota Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 3 (1823)
Zanthoxylum pterotum var. guaranticum (Chodat & Hassl.) P.G.Waterman Taxon 23: 364 (1975)
Schinus fagara L. Sp. Pl. : 389 (1753)
Pterota fagara Crantz Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 417 (1766)
Fagara affinis Schult. Mant. 3: 224 (1827)
Fagara fagara Small Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small]. 675. 1903 [22 Jul 1903]
Fagara lentiscifolia Humb & Bonpl. ex Willd. Enum. Pl. : 165 (1809)
Fagara nigrescens Urb. & Ekman Ark. Bot. 22A(8): 53. 1928 [25 Oct 1928]
Fagara pterota L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10 , 2: 897 (1759)
Fagara pterota var. guarantica Chodat & Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 4: 1282 (1904)
Fagaras fagara Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 34 (1898)
Fagara culantrilo var. continentalis Krug & Urb. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 21: 574 (1896)
Zanthoxylum affine Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 3 (1823)
Zanthoxylum sonorense Lundell Phytologia 1: 369 (1940)
Zanthoxylum atratum Alain Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21(2): 120. 1971

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English wild lime
English lime pricklyash
English lime prickly-ash
Spanish zanthoxylum friesii
Spanish schinus fagara
Spanish zanthoxylum sonorense
Spanish zanthoxylum nigrescens
Spanish zanthoxylum nicaraguense
Spanish zanthoxylum lentiscifolium
Spanish zanthoxylum hyemale
Spanish zanthoxylum fagara subsp. lentiscifolium
Spanish zanthoxylum culantrillo var. paniculatum
Spanish zanthoxylum atratum
Spanish zanthoxylum atoyacanum
Spanish pterota fagara
Spanish fagara pterota var. guarantica
Spanish fagara pterota
Spanish fagara nigrescens
Spanish fagara culantrillo
Arabic فاغرة معروفة
Greek Άγριο μοσχολέμονο

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Zanthoxylum fagara subsp. aguilarii (Standl. & Steyerm.) Reynel Cat. Pl. Vasc. Honduras : 988 (2008)
Zanthoxylum fagara subsp. culantrilo (Kunth) Reynel Phytoneuron 2015-22: 6 (2015)
Zanthoxylum fagara subsp. lentiscifolium (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Reynel ex C.Nelson Cat. Pl. Vasc. Honduras 988 2008

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexican Pacific Islands
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Northeast
      • Mexico Northwest
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Florida
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Bahamas
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Jamaica
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Turks-caicos Islands
      • Venezuelan Antilles
    • Central America
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
      • Panamá
    • Northern South America
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina Northwest
      • Paraguay
      • Uruguay
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Galápagos
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000429502
Florida Plant Atlas 2804
USDA Plants ZAFA
Tropicos 28100538
INPN 735512
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:270659-2
The Plant List kew-2469306
Open Tree Of Life 1014006
Observations.org 209605
NCBI Taxonomy 1056470
Nature Serve 2.129832
IUCN Red List 62988
IPNI 270659-2
iNaturalist 170401
GBIF 3190090
Freebase /m/04cy0qd
EPPO ZANFA
EOL 582222
Elurikkus 642229
USDA GRIN 417586
Wikipedia Zanthoxylum_fagara
CMAUP NPO7398

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Multiscale assessment of habitat selection and avoidance of sympatric carnivores by the endangered ocelot Sergeyev M, Cherry MJ, Tanner EP, Lombardi JV, Tewes ME, Campbell TA Sci Rep 01-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10235131
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-35271-9
PMID:37264027
Land abandonment as driver of woody vegetation dynamics in Tamaulipan thornscrub at Northeastern Mexico Alanís-Rodríguez E, Martínez-Adriano CA, Sanchez-Castillo L, Rubio-Camacho EA, Valdecantos A PeerJ 22-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10211364
doi:10.7717/peerj.15438
PMID:37250723
Overhauling the ecotoxicological impact of synthetic pesticides using plants’ natural products: a focus on Zanthoxylum metabolites Okagu IU, Okeke ES, Ezeorba WC, Ndefo JC, Ezeorba TP Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 06-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10212812
doi:10.1007/s11356-023-27258-w
PMID:37148518
Parental food provisioning and nestling growth under Philornis downsi parasitism in the Galapagos Green Warbler-Finch, classified as ‘vulnerable’ by the IUCN Pike CL, Kofler B, Richner H, Tebbich S J Ornithol 18-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC10188583
doi:10.1007/s10336-023-02049-9
PMID:37205902
Novel land uses shape meta-community structures in neighbouring native forests: Dataset across Uruguay Säumel I, Ramírez LR Data Brief 16-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9130530
doi:10.1016/j.dib.2022.108267
PMID:35647241
Safety and Efficacy of Medicinal Plants Used to Manufacture Herbal Products with Regulatory Approval in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study Kaggwa B, Kyeyune H, Munanura EI, Anywar G, Lutoti S, Aber J, Bagoloire LK, Weisheit A, Tolo CU, Kamba PF, Ogwang PE Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 13-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9020950
doi:10.1155/2022/1304839
PMID:35463071
Phyto-Carbazole Alkaloids from the Rutaceae Family as Potential Protective Agents against Neurodegenerative Diseases Tan MA, Sharma N, An SS Antioxidants (Basel) 01-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8944741
doi:10.3390/antiox11030493
PMID:35326143
Limited natural regeneration of unique Scalesia forest following invasive plant removal in Galapagos Walentowitz A, Manthey M, Bentet Preciado MB, Chango R, Sevilla C, Jäger H PLoS One 13-Oct-2021
PMCID:PMC8513895
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258467
PMID:34644364
Black Healers, Surgeons and ‘Witches’: Medicine, Mobility and Knowledge Exchange in Swedish St Barthélemy 1785–1815 Thomasson F Soc Hist Med 03-Aug-2021
PMCID:PMC8902003
doi:10.1093/shm/hkaa092
PMID:35264902
Effects of Scarification, Phytohormones, Soil Type, and Warming on the Germination and/or Seedling Performance of Three Tamaulipan Thornscrub Forest Species Luera P, Wahl-Villarreal K, Christoffersen BO, Treviño A, Soti P, Gabler CA Plants (Basel) 21-Jul-2021
PMCID:PMC8400868
doi:10.3390/plants10081489
PMID:34451534
Target enrichment improves phylogenetic resolution in the genus Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae) and indicates both incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization events Reichelt N, Wen J, Pätzold C, Appelhans MS Ann Bot 12-Jul-2021
PMCID:PMC8414929
doi:10.1093/aob/mcab092
PMID:34250543
A note on investigating co‐occurrence patterns and dynamics for many species, with imperfect detection and a log‐linear modeling parameterization MacKenzie DI, Lombardi JV, Tewes ME Ecol Evol 06-Jun-2021
PMCID:PMC8258208
doi:10.1002/ece3.7604
PMID:34257913
Pest categorisation of Diaphorina citri Bragard C, Dehnen‐Schmutz K, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jacques M, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Kertesz V, Streissl F, MacLeod A EFSA J 06-Jan-2021
PMCID:PMC7786542
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6357
PMID:33437319
Effects of sun angle, lunar illumination, and diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots and bobcats in South Texas Leonard JP, Tewes ME, Lombardi JV, Wester DW, Campbell TA PLoS One 23-Apr-2020
PMCID:PMC7179910
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0231732
PMID:32324759
Co‐occurrence of bobcats, coyotes, and ocelots in Texas Lombardi JV, MacKenzie DI, Tewes ME, Perotto‐Baldivieso HL, Mata JM, Campbell TA Ecol Evol 21-Apr-2020
PMCID:PMC7297750
doi:10.1002/ece3.6242
PMID:32551069

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Benzophenanthridine alkaloids / Quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids
Chelerythrine 2703 Click to see C[N+]1=C2C(=C3C=CC(=C(C3=C1)OC)OC)C=CC4=CC5=C(C=C42)OCO5 348.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82102-0
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzamides
N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]benzamide 10084553 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(CNC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)O 271.31 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-32550
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzylethers
N-[(2R)-2-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]benzamide 162918293 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(CNC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)OC 285.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-32550
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes
N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl]benzamide 162918611 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(CNC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)OC)OC 315.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-32550
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
(-)-Synephrine 854067 Click to see CNCC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O 167.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)80197-X
Synephrine 7172 Click to see CNCC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O 167.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)80197-X
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
(-)-Epieudesmin 7299790 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)OC)OC)OC 386.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960893
(+)-Eudesmin 73117 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)OC)OC)OC 386.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960893
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 9,9-epoxylignans / Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans
3,4-Bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-one 14186850 Click to see C1C(C(C(=O)O1)(CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)O)CC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5 370.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83048-6
Meridinol 11079164 Click to see C1C(C(C(=O)O1)(CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)O)CC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5 370.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83048-6
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene 5280489 Click to see CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C 536.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives
9-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-8H-furo[3,2-g]quinolin-7-one 146729256 Click to see CC(=CCOC1=C2C(=CC3=C1OC=C3)C=CC(=O)N2)C 269.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2002-32550
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin 5280460 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)O 192.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85141-7
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Myricetin 5281672 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 318.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5,4'-dimethyl ether 15227607 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC)O)O)O 330.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Hyperoside 5281643 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Myricitrin 5281673 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercitrin 5280459 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database

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