Damiana (Turnera diffusa) is a shrub native to southern Texas, Central America, Mexico, South America, and the Caribbean. It is used in traditional Mexican liqueur and was believed to be an aphrodisiac. It contains many compounds, including damianin, tetraphyllin B, gonzalitosin I, arbutin, tricosan-2-one, acacetin, p-cymene, β-sitosterol, 1,8-cineole, apigenin, α-pinene, β-carotene, β-pinene, tannins, thymol, and hexacosanol. It is also a host plant for the Mexican fritillary butterfly. However, it is often misidentified as Turnera ulmifolia, which has different chemical constituents and ethnobotanical uses.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Bohadschia humifusa	C.Presl	Reliq. Haenk. 2: 98 (1835)
Bohadschia microphylla	Griseb.	Cat. Pl. Cub. : 114 (1866)
Triacis microphylla	(Desv.) Griseb.	Fl. Brit. W. I. : 297 (1860)
Turnera diffusa var. aphrodisiaca	(Ward) Urb.	Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 127 (1883)
Turnera pringlei	Rose	Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 5: 166 (1897)
Turnera aphrodisiaca	Ward	Virginia Med. Month. 3(1): 48 (-49). 1876
Turnera humifusa	Endl. ex Walp.	Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 230 (1843)
Turnera microphylla	Desv.	Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid. : 33 (1825)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	damiana
Arabic	دميانة
Catalan	damiana
Czech	damiána
German	damiana
Estonian	seksturnera
Persian	دامیانا
ht	oreg mawon
Hungarian	damiana
Hungarian	damiána
Japanese	ダミアナ
Dutch	damiana
Portuguese	damiana
Romanian	damiana
Russian	Тёрнера раскидистая
Swedish	damiana
Chinese	達米阿那
Chinese	透納樹葉

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil Southeast
- Caribbean
  - Bahamas
  - Cayman Islands
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Turks-caicos Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Costa Rica
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
  - Panamá

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0001143048
UNII	F91625K41R
USDA Plants	TUDI
Tropicos	33100134
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836578-1
The Plant List	tro-33100134
Open Tree Of Life	92073
NCBI Taxonomy	329212
Nature Serve	2.152508
IPNI	836578-1
iNaturalist	170054
GBIF	2874847
Freebase	/m/04kc9z
EOL	584511
USDA GRIN	40777
Wikipedia	Turnera_diffusa
CMAUP	NPO2012

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Icarifil® in Association with Daily Use of Tadalafil (5 mg) versus Standard Tadalafil Daily Dose (5 mg) or Alone: Results from a Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Cai T, Palumbo F, Miacola C, Ceruti C, Rizzo M, Liguori G, Gallelli L, Palmieri A

J Clin Med

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11084434
doi:	10.3390/jcm13092564
PMID:	38731094

The mechanisms of natural products for eye disorders by targeting mitochondrial dysfunction

Sun GF, Qu XH, Jiang LP, Chen ZP, Wang T, Han XJ

Front Pharmacol

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11079200
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1270073
PMID:	38725662

Article biodiversity inside bottles: animals, fungi, and plants in traditional alcoholic drinks

Juárez-Aragón MC, Moreno-Ramírez YD, Torres-Acosta RI, Torres-Castillo JA

Front Nutr

19-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11073491
doi:	10.3389/fnut.2024.1368110
PMID:	38711529

Plants from Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Mexico Used to Treat Respiratory Diseases: A Review

Dávila-Rangel IE, Charles-Rodríguez AV, López-Romero JC, Flores-López ML

Plants (Basel)

11-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974781
doi:	10.3390/plants13060792
PMID:	38592789

The Meaning of Plants' Names: A New Discovering Approach to Its Medicinal and/or Toxic Properties

dos Santos Dantas Lima L, Felipe Domingues Passero L, Indriunas A, de Souza Santos I, Francisco Uchôa Coqueiro L, Alexandre Souza da Cruz K, Batista de Almeida A, Carlos Fernandes Galduróz J, Rodrigues E

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

19-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10896657
doi:	10.1155/2024/6678557
PMID:	38410808

Osteoarthritis in the Elderly Population: Preclinical Evidence of Nutrigenomic Activities of Flavonoids

Naselli F, Bellavia D, Costa V, De Luca A, Raimondi L, Giavaresi G, Caradonna F

Nutrients

28-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780745
doi:	10.3390/nu16010112
PMID:	38201942

Emerging Role of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Parkinson’s Disease

Kumari N, Anand S, Shah K, Chauhan NS, Sethiya NK, Singhal M

Molecules

14-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10673433
doi:	10.3390/molecules28227588
PMID:	38005310

Bioactivity of the Genus Turnera: A Review of the Last 10 Years

Parra-Naranjo A, Delgado-Montemayor C, Salazar-Aranda R, Waksman-Minsky N

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

07-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10675026
doi:	10.3390/ph16111573
PMID:	38004438

The significance of essential oils and their antifungal properties in the food industry: A systematic review

Abdi-Moghadam Z, Mazaheri Y, Rezagholizade-shirvan A, Mahmoudzadeh M, Sarafraz M, Mohtashami M, Shokri S, Ghasemi A, Nickfar F, Darroudi M, Hossieni H, Hadian Z, Shamloo E, Rezaei Z

Heliyon

29-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10637975
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21386
PMID:	37954273

Yerba Maté (Ilex paraguariensis) Supplement Exerts Beneficial, Tissue-Specific Effects on Mitochondrial Efficiency and Redox Status in Healthy Adult Mice

Walton CM, Saito ER, Warren CE, Larsen JG, Remund NP, Reynolds PR, Hansen JM, Bikman BT

Nutrients

20-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10609848
doi:	10.3390/nu15204454
PMID:	37892529

Seed morphology and germination of <Turnera diffusa> Willd. ex Schult. emulating environmental conditions within ant nest

Puga-Guzmán PS, Magallán-Hernández F, Queijeiro-Bolaños M, Valencia-Hernández JA, Vergara-Pineda S

PLoS One

20-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10588869
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0292626
PMID:	37862298

Dietary Supplements for Erectile Dysfunction: Analysis of Marketed Products, Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Rational Use

Petre GC, Francini-Pesenti F, Vitagliano A, Grande G, Ferlin A, Garolla A

Nutrients

22-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10490034
doi:	10.3390/nu15173677
PMID:	37686709

Immunomodulating Phytochemicals: An Insight Into Their Potential Use in Cytokine Storm Situations

Alarabei AA, Abd Aziz NA, AB Razak NI, Abas R, Bahari H, Abdullah MA, Hussain MK, Abdul Majid AM, Basir R

Adv Pharm Bull

19-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10997936
doi:	10.34172/apb.2024.001
PMID:	38585461

From Plants to Wound Dressing and Transdermal Delivery of Bioactive Compounds

Isopencu GO, Covaliu-Mierlă CI, Deleanu IM

Plants (Basel)

16-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10386126
doi:	10.3390/plants12142661
PMID:	37514275

Natural flavones from edible and medicinal plants exhibit enormous potential to treat ulcerative colitis

Lu Q, Xie Y, Luo J, Gong Q, Li C

Front Pharmacol

01-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10268007
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1168990
PMID:	37324477

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Triacontane	12535	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	422.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Hexacosanol	68171	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO	382.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Polyprenols
Ficaprenol 11	11411688	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C	767.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Moraprenol 11	375	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C)C	767.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(1R,4S,6R,10S)-4,12,12-trimethyl-9-methylidene-5-oxatricyclo[8.2.0.04,6]dodecane	9991037	Click to see CC1(CC2C1CCC3(C(O3)CCC2=C)C)C	220.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Caryophyllene epoxide	14350	Click to see CC1(CC2C1CCC3(C(O3)CCC2=C)C)C	220.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eremophilane, 8,9-secoeremophilane and furoeremophilane sesquiterpenoids
(4aS,5S)-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4a,5-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-one	14830797	Click to see CC1CCCC2=CC(=O)C(=CC12C)C(C)(C)O	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
3-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4a,5-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-one	14830796	Click to see CC1CCCC2=CC(=O)C(=CC12C)C(C)(C)O	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Squalene	638072	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C	410.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Super Squalene; trans-Squalene;AddaVax	1105	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C	410.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / C-glycosyl compounds
(2S,3S,4S,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyoxolane-3,4-diol	6325664	Click to see COC1(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)CO	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
methyl beta-D-fructofuranoside	128889	Click to see COC1(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)CO	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Methylbeta-D-fructofuranoside	14055124	Click to see COC1(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)CO	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides
Tetraphyllin B	115164	Click to see C1C(C=CC1(C#N)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O	287.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Volkenin	181811	Click to see C1C(C=CC1(C#N)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O	287.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
2-Methyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypyran-4-one	14774602	Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C=CO1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Dianthoside	5316639	Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C=CO1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Hex-2-ulofuranosyl hexopyranoside	1115	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Sucrose	5988	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(2Z)-3-(4-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)prop-2-enoic acid	54036359	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	326.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol	346	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
3-[4-[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoic acid	73208527	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	326.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-cis-p-coumaric acid	10604651	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	326.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Arbutin	440936	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides
D-(-)-Fructose	5984	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(=O)CO)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Sorbose, L-	1101	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(=O)CO)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
D-Rhamnose	5460029	Click to see CC(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
D(+)-Glucose	107526	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
L-(-)-Fucose	220001	Click to see CC(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
L-Galactose	24749	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones
8-hydroxy-4a,8-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3H-naphthalen-2-one	72746331	Click to see CC12CCCC(C1=CC(=O)CC2)(C)O	194.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Teuhetenone A	15153216	Click to see CC12CCCC(C1=CC(=O)CC2)(C)O	194.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
5,7-Dihydroxyflavanone	238782	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3	256.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Pinocembrin	68071	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3	256.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[5-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	156602785	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2=O)O)C)C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	576.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
3-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]prop-2-enoic acid	162864368	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C(=C3O2)C=CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O	356.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
8-C-(2-Rhamnosyl-6-deoxyhexopyranosulyl)luteolin	102040777	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2=O)O)C)C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	576.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200600591758
Luteolin 8-C-E-propenoic acid	16109839	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C(=C3O2)C=CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O	356.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
(1S)-1,5-anhydro-2-O-(6-deoxy-beta-L-mannopyranosyl)-1-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]-D-glucitol	86289611	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-2002-11-1204
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163104288	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	624.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-2002-11-1204
8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162943820	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Orientin 2''-rhamnoside	73829968	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Vitexin-2"-O-rhamnoside	5874704	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2C3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	102401707	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	656.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	162843299	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	656.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	16109838	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	670.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	162923988	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	670.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Quercetin 3-gentiobioside	5320834	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	626.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Quercetin-3-gentiobioside	13915961	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	626.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	16109837	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162916367	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	162959878	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
4''-O-(4-Hydroxy-Z-cinnamoyl)cosmosiin	16109840	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside	5385553	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Apigetrin	5280704	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-2002-11-1204
Chrysoeriol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside	13871877	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Echinacin	6439941	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Echinaticin	101321313	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O	578.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Terniflorin	131752172	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-2002-11-1204
Thermopsoside	11294177	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Tricin 7-glucoside	5322022	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	492.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Tricin 7-O-glucoside	13984469	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	492.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-8-O-glycosides
8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162895396	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)C)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
8-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162895395	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(C=C(C4=C3OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)C)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Acacetin	5280442	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Apigenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether	5281601	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O	298.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R
Velutin	5464381	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O	314.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060253R

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Turnera diffusa

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