Common products:
- Leaf essential oil (obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh foliage).

Industrial and craft applications:
- The essential oil is used as a fragrance component in perfume, soap and other scented product formulations.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Leaf essential oil is incorporated into fine‑fragrance compositions and cosmetic preparations such as lotions, shampoos and other personal‑care items to impart a characteristic citrus‑floral aroma.

Properties relevant to use:
- The oil is dominated by monoterpenes including citronellol, geraniol, linalool, citronellyl acetate and related compounds, giving a volatile, top‑note fragrance profile typical of geranium oils.
- Reported oil yields from fresh leaf material are in the range of 0.2–0.4 % (w/w) under standard hydrodistillation.
- Typical physicochemical parameters (within ISO limits) include a specific gravity of 0.89–0.91 g mL⁻¹, a refractive index of 1.459–1.467, a low acid value (

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Pelargonium karrooense	R.Knuth	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 231 (1923)
Pelargonium spinii	Colla	Hortus Ripul. : 105 (1824)
Geraniospermum quercifolium	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 95 (1891)
Geranium oxoniense	Andrews	Geraniums 1: s.p. (1807)
Geranium quercifolium	L.f.	Suppl. Pl. : 306 (1782)
Geranium terebinthinaceum	Ait. ex Murray	Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: 88 (1786)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	oakleaf geranium
Afrikaans	muishondbos
Afrikaans	muishondbossie
Arabic	لقلقي بلوطي الأوراق
Persian	شمعدانی ارغوانی

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces

Northern America click to expand
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0001064352
USDA Plants	PEQU5
Tropicos	13900614
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60457187-2
The Plant List	tro-13900614
Open Tree Of Life	795465
NCBI Taxonomy	253082
Nature Serve	2.144333
IPNI	60457187-2
iNaturalist	166286
GBIF	2891611
Freebase	/m/09k5m4s
Calflora (Californian flora)	6119
USDA GRIN	27136
Wikipedia	Pelargonium_quercifolium

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications

Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO

Int J Mol Sci

30-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9740324
doi:	10.3390/ijms232315054
PMID:	36499380

Volatile Olfactory Profiles of Umbrian Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Their Discrimination through MOX Chemical Sensors

Mariotti R, Núñez-Carmona E, Genzardi D, Pandolfi S, Sberveglieri V, Mousavi S

Sensors (Basel)

21-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9572317
doi:	10.3390/s22197164
PMID:	36236259

Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome structure and molecular dating in Myrtales

Zhang XF, Landis JB, Wang HX, Zhu ZX, Wang HF

BMC Plant Biol

15-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8122561
doi:	10.1186/s12870-021-02985-9
PMID:	33992095

The traditional use of southern African medicinal plants for the treatment of bacterial respiratory diseases: A review of the ethnobotany and scientific evaluations

Cock IE, Van Vuuren SF

J Ethnopharmacol

27-Jul-2020

PMCID:	PMC7383173
doi:	10.1016/j.jep.2020.113204
PMID:	32730881

Divergence of RNA polymerase α subunits in angiosperm plastid genomes is mediated by genomic rearrangement

Blazier JC, Ruhlman TA, Weng ML, Rehman SK, Sabir JS, Jansen RK

Sci Rep

18-Apr-2016

PMCID:	PMC4834550
doi:	10.1038/srep24595
PMID:	27087667

Antidiabetic properties of dietary flavonoids: a cellular mechanism review

Vinayagam R, Xu B

Nutr Metab (Lond)

23-Dec-2015

PMCID:	PMC4690284
doi:	10.1186/s12986-015-0057-7
PMID:	26705405

Analysis of Essential Oils from Selected Cultivars of<i>Pelargonium quercifolium</i>by GC/MS

W. W. Widmer, R. P. Collins

Informa UK Limited

24-Apr-2012

doi:	10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953

Chrysin and other leaf exudate flavonoids in the genus Pelargonium.

Williams CA, Harborne JB, Newman M, Greenham J, Eagles J

Phytochemistry

01-Dec-1997

doi:	10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00514-1
PMID:	9419900

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives
2-Methyl-1-phenylpropene	13030	Click to see CC(=CC1=CC=CC=C1)C	132.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes
Methyleugenol	7127	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC	178.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes
2-(4-Methylphenyl)propan-2-ol	14529	Click to see CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)O	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Gamma-Terpinene	7461	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
Butyl butyrate	7983	Click to see	144.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Hexyl butyrate	17525	Click to see	172.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Oct-1-EN-1-YL butanoate	71385286	Click to see CCCCCCC=COC(=O)CCC	198.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Unsaturated fatty acids
2-Cyclohexylbut-2-enoic acid	67419349	Click to see	168.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
Citronellyl acetate	9017	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)CCOC(=O)C	198.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Citronellyl butyrate	8835	Click to see CCCC(=O)OCCC(C)CCC=C(C)C	226.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Citronellyl formate	7778	Click to see	184.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Citronellyl propionate	8834	Click to see CCC(=O)OCCC(C)CCC=C(C)C	212.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geranyl acetate	1549026	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCOC(=O)C)C)C	196.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geranyl butyrate	5355856	Click to see CCCC(=O)OCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C	224.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geranyl formate	5282109	Click to see	182.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geranyl hexanoate	5365992	Click to see	252.39	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geranyl propionate	5355853	Click to see	210.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Neryl acetate	1549025	Click to see	196.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Neryl butyrate	5352162	Click to see CCCC(=O)OCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C	224.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Neryl formate	5354882	Click to see	182.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Octyl butyrate	61030	Click to see	200.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
beta-OCIMENE, (3E)-	5281553	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
beta-Ocimene, (3Z)-	5320250	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Citronellol	8842	Click to see	156.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Geraniol	637566	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Linalool	6549	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Myrcene	31253	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Nerol	643820	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
Carvacrol	10364	Click to see CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Cuminaldehyde	326	Click to see CC(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=O	148.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
P-Cymene	7463	Click to see	134.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Thymol	6989	Click to see	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(+-)-alpha-Pinene	6654	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
3-Carene	26049	Click to see CC1=CCC2C(C1)C2(C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha Thujene	6451618	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Thujene	17868	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Beta-Pinene	14896	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Sabinene	18818	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
4-Terpineol, (+/-)-	11230	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-PHELLANDRENE	7460	Click to see CC1=CCC(C=C1)C(C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Alpha-Terpinene	7462	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Alpha-Terpineol	17100	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Beta-Phellandrene	11142	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC(=C)C=C1	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Carveol	7438	Click to see	152.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Carvone, (+-)-	7439	Click to see	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Carvone, (+)-	16724	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1=O)C(=C)C	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Carvotanacetone	6432475	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1=O)C(C)C	152.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Isomenthone, (+/-)-	6432469	Click to see CC1CCC(C(=O)C1)C(C)C	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Limonene, (+/-)-	22311	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
p-Menthan-3-one	6986	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Terpinolene	11463	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(+)-Gamma-cadinene	6432404	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CC1)C(=C)CCC2C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
(1R,2S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-ene	92042749	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
(3R,6E)-Nerolidol	11241545	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)naphthalene	101708	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
1,6-Dimethyl-4-isopropyltetralin	10224	Click to see CC1CCC(C2=C1C=CC(=C2)C)C(C)C	202.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
1,6,10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-	8888	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
3,4-Dihydrocadalene	528708	Click to see CC1=CCC(C2=C1C=CC(=C2)C)C(C)C	200.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
4,12,12-Trimethyl-9-methylene-5-oxatricyclo(8.2.0.04,6)dodecane	14350	Click to see	220.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Guaiene	5317844	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Muurolene	12306047	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CC1)C(=CCC2C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Ylangene	101607926	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Cadina-1(10),4-diene	10223	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CCC(=C2CC1)C)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Calamenene	6429077	Click to see	202.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Caryophyllene	5281515	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Caryophyllene oxide	1742210	Click to see	220.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Copaene	19725	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
delta-Cadinene	441005	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
gamma-Cadinene	15094	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CC1)C(=C)CCC2C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
gamma-Muurolene	12313020	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CC1)C(=C)CCC2C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Humulene	5281520	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
(1aS,4aS,7aS,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulene	91746456	Click to see CC1CCC2C1C3C(C3(C)C)CCC2=C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
1H-Cycloprop(e)azulene, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-, (1aR-(1aalpha,4abeta,7alpha,7abeta,7balpha))-	91354	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Alloaromadendren	91746537	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Gurjunene	15560276	Click to see CC1CCC2C(C2(C)C)C3=C(CCC13)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Viridiflorene	10910653	Click to see CC1CCC2=C(CCC3C(C12)C3(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Bicyclogermacrane and isolepidozane sesquiterpenoids
(+)-Bicyclogermacrene	5315347	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
(1S,2E,10R)-3,7,11,11-tetramethylbicyclo[8.1.0]undeca-2,6-diene	44583886	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Elemane sesquiterpenoids
Beta-Elemene	6918391	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids
7-epi-alpha-Selinene	10123	Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C1CC(CC2)C(=C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Eudesmol	92762	Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C1CC(CC2)C(C)(C)O)C	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
alpha-Selinene	10856614	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Beta-Eudesmol	91457	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Beta-Selinene	442393	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
delta-Selinene	520383	Click to see CC1=C2C=C(CCC2(CCC1)C)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
(S,1Z,6Z)-8-Isopropyl-1-methyl-5-methylenecyclodeca-1,6-diene	91723653	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Germacrene D	5317570	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
Dihydromyrcenol	29096	Click to see CC(CCCC(C)(C)O)C=C	156.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones
4-Isopropyl-2-cyclohexenone	92780	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC(=O)C=C1	138.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Epoxides
(4E,7E)-1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclo(9.1.0)dodeca-4,7-diene	22559443	Click to see	220.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Heteroaromatic compounds
1-((1R,2R,3R)-2-(3-Isopropylfuran-2-yl)-3-methylcyclopentyl)ethanone	12309974	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
1-((1S,2R,3R)-2-(3-Isopropylfuran-2-yl)-3-methylcyclopentyl)ethanone	527226	Click to see CC1CCC(C1C2=C(C=CO2)C(C)C)C(=O)C	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
Furopelargone A	6451194	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxanes
Rose oxide	27866	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
trans-Rose oxide	7093102	Click to see CC1CCOC(C1)C=C(C)C	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697953
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
3-Methoxyluteolin	5280681	Click to see COC1=C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	316.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00514-1
Isokaempferide	5280862	Click to see	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00514-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Quercetin 3,7-Dimethyl Ether	5280417	Click to see	330.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00514-1

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Pelargonium quercifolium

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top