Common products:
Hyacinthus orientalis is cultivated as an ornamental bulb crop for forced winter flowering and as a cut flower. Commercially, bulbs are grown in open field or greenhouse systems and later subjected to controlled cold treatment (“precooling”) to synchronize flowering for market timing.

Industrial and craft applications:
Commercial production focuses on propagation and precooling services rather than material processing. Some extractive research isolates volatile fragrance compounds (e.g., phenylacetaldehyde, linalool) from fresh flowers for analytical standards; these are not a mainstream industrial product.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No established food uses; plant parts are not used as ingredients. Bulbs contain toxic alkaloids and are not consumed.

Colorants and tanning:
No documented use for dyes or tannins.

Wood and fiber:
No timber or fiber products are reported.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Fragrance isolates are used in analytical research. Commercial cosmetic uses of hyacinth-derived ingredients are not documented.

Properties relevant to use:
Forcing success relies on bulb cold requirement (vernalization), reserve carbohydrate mobilization, and floral scent biosynthesis pathways characterized by emission of phenylacetaldehyde and linalool; these emissions underlie attractiveness to pollinators and research use as a model for scent volatile studies.

Scientific/model-organism use:
H. orientalis serves as a model for research on vernalization physiology, floral scent biosynthesis, bulb storage metabolism, and tissue culture micropropagation. Published work provides genomic resources and datasets used in scent gene discovery and crop improvement.

Standards and regulation:
No specific standards or regulatory frameworks govern bulbs as a commodity beyond general horticultural trade quality and national phytosanitary rules.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Production depends on precooling energy inputs and greenhouse heating/lighting for timed forcing. Bulb supply chains are responsive to disease pressure (e.g., viral and fungal issues) and require seed-sourced disease management strategies.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Scilla coronaria	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 243 (1796)
Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. albulus	(Jord.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 731. 1882 (1882)
Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. provincialis	(Jord.) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 225. 1890 (1890)
Hyacinthus orientalis f. pleniflorus	Moldenke	Phytologia 4: 55 1952

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	common hyacinth
English	garden hyacinth
English	dutch hyacinth
Arabic	خزامى مشرقية
Azerbaijani	Şərq sünbülçiçəyi
Bulgarian	обикновен зюмбюл
Catalan	jacint
Czech	hyacint
Czech	hyacint východní
Welsh	hiasinth
Danish	hyacint
Danish	almindelig hyacint
German	gartenhyazinthe
Greek	Υάκινθος
Greek	Ζουμπούλι
Estonian	idahüatsint
Persian	سنبل
Finnish	tuoksuhyasintti
Finnish	hyasintti
French	jacinthe
Hebrew	יקינתון מזרחי
Hebrew	יקינטון מזרחי
Upper Sorbian	zahrodna hyacinta
Hungarian	kerti jácint
Armenian	հակինթ արևելյան
Italian	giacinto
Japanese	ヒアシンス
Japanese	風信子
Japanese	ヒヤシンス
lb	hyazinthen
Lithuanian	rytinis hiacintas
Norwegian Bokmål	hyasint
Norwegian Bokmål	svibel
Dutch	hyacint
Norwegian Nynorsk	svibel
Norwegian Nynorsk	hyasint
Polish	hiacynt wschodni
Polish	hiacynt
Romanian	zambila
Romanian	zambilă
Russian	Гиацинт восточный
Slovak	hyacint východný
Slovenian	hijacinta
Slovenian	vzhodni hijacint
Serbian	Зумбул
Swedish	hyacint
Swedish	trädgårdshyacint
Thai	ไฮอะซินท์บ้าน
Turkish	sümbül
Ukrainian	Гiяцинт схıдний
Chinese	風信子
Chinese	风信子

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. chionophilus	Wendelbo	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 423 (1980)
Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. orientalis		Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Middle Europe
  - Netherlands
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Sicilia
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Sardegna

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Pennsylvania
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Haiti

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000665369
UNII	33J37WGZ7H
USDA Plants	HYOR
Tropicos	18400272
INPN	103081
Flora of Italy	6874
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:536789-1
The Plant List	kew-278658
Plantarium	20342
Missouri Botanical Garden	281784
PFAF	Hyacinthus orientalis
Open Tree Of Life	712150
Observations.org	6881
NCBI Taxonomy	82025
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000005409
Nature Serve	2.145416
IPNI	536789-1
iNaturalist	126637
GBIF	2772666
Freebase	/m/052z_7
EPPO	HYAOR
EOL	1001513
Elurikkus	209280
Calflora (Californian flora)	8634
USDA GRIN	19427
Wikipedia	Hyacinthus_orientalis
CMAUP	NPO18491

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_031762755.1	ASM3176275v1	Scaffold	Iridian Genomes	2023-09-20	2023	147.91 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Bulbil initiation: a comprehensive review on resources, development, and utilisation, with emphasis on molecular mechanisms, advanced technologies, and future prospects

Shu F, Wang D, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Liu K, Zhao M, Wang X, Yao Z, Chen G, Chen J

Front Plant Sci

08-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11033377
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1343222
PMID:	38650701

Effects of cell morphology, physiology, biochemistry and CHS genes on four flower colors of Impatiens uliginosa

Zhao LQ, Liu Y, Huang Q, Gao S, Huang MJ, Huang HQ

Front Plant Sci

01-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10940378
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1343830
PMID:	38495370

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Plant Exposure in Patients Aged between 0 and 18 Years—A Six-Year Retrospective Study

Nițescu GV, Grama A, Turcu T, Strătulă A, Dragomirescu A, Pană ES, Baciu A, Baconi DL, Crăciun MD, Ulmeanu CE

Children (Basel)

21-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10969538
doi:	10.3390/children11030271
PMID:	38539306

Effects of Aquatic Plant Coverage on Diversity and Resource Use Efficiency of Phytoplankton in Urban Wetlands: A Case Study in Jinan, China

Jiang H, Lu A, Li J, Ma M, Meng G, Chen Q, Liu G, Yin X

Biology (Basel)

14-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10813617
doi:	10.3390/biology13010044
PMID:	38248475

Understanding the Lost: Reconstruction of the Garden Design of Villa Peretti Montalto (Rome, Italy) for Urban Valorization

Bartoli F, D’Amato L, Nucera A, Albani Rocchetti G, Caneva G

Plants (Basel)

26-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780482
doi:	10.3390/plants13010077
PMID:	38202385

DMC1 stabilizes crossovers at high and low temperatures during wheat meiosis

Draeger TN, Rey MD, Hayta S, Smedley M, Martin AC, Moore G

Front Plant Sci

08-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10442654
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1208285
PMID:	37615022

Emerging Plant Intoxications in Domestic Animals: A European Perspective

Nagy AL, Ardelean S, Chapuis RJ, Bouillon J, Pivariu D, Dreanca AI, Caloni F

Toxins (Basel)

04-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10467095
doi:	10.3390/toxins15070442
PMID:	37505711

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Nine Smilacaceae Species from Hong Kong: Inferring Infra- and Inter-Familial Phylogeny

Wong KH, Siu TY, Tsang SS, Kong BL, Wu HY, But GW, Hui JH, Shaw PC, Lau DT

Int J Mol Sci

18-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10138973
doi:	10.3390/ijms24087460
PMID:	37108622

Comparative proteome profiles of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua rhizomes (Rhizoma Ploygonati) in response to different levels of cadmium stress

Song R, Yan B, Xie J, Zhou L, Xu R, Zhou JM, Ji XH, Yi ZL

BMC Plant Biol

20-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10026435
doi:	10.1186/s12870-023-04162-6
PMID:	36935490

Am-aza-ing antidiabetic: Mulberry dehydrogenase MnGUTB1 contributes to the biosynthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin

Straube H

Plant Physiol

06-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10231450
doi:	10.1093/plphys/kiad140
PMID:	36880315

Dehydrogenase MnGutB1 catalyzes 1-deoxynojirimycin biosynthesis in mulberry

Yang Z, Luo Y, Xia X, He J, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Li D, Ma B, Zhang S, Zhai C, Chen M, He N

Plant Physiol

04-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10231399
doi:	10.1093/plphys/kiad065
PMID:	36800200

Collective excitations of germinating pollen grains at critical points

Pietruszka MA

Sci Rep

12-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9837070
doi:	10.1038/s41598-023-27754-6
PMID:	36635415

Functional Divergence Analysis of AGL6 Genes in Prunus mume

Wang L, Song J, Han X, Yu Y, Wu Q, Qi S, Xu Z

Plants (Basel)

29-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9824310
doi:	10.3390/plants12010158
PMID:	36616287

Ozone treatment inactivates common bacteria and fungi associated with selected crop seeds and ornamental bulbs

Çetinkaya N, Pazarlar S, Paylan İC

Saudi J Biol Sci

07-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9649385
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103480
PMID:	36389212

Phytochemical Classification of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Kidney Disease Based on Traditional Persian Medicine

Rabizadeh F, Mirian MS, Doosti R, Kiani-Anbouhi R, Eftekhari E

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

31-Jul-2022

PMCID:	PMC9357710
doi:	10.1155/2022/8022599
PMID:	35958915

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
(2R,3R,6S)-6-(13-hydroxytetradecyl)-2-methylpiperidin-3-ol	15287167	Click to see CC1C(CCC(N1)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)O)O	327.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00312-U
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives
Phenylethyl Alcohol	6054	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCO	122.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Benzyl Benzoate	2345	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)COC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2	212.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / O-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives
Ethyl 2-Methoxybenzoate	81784	Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC	180.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
Methyl 2-Methoxybenzoate	61151	Click to see	166.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzyloxycarbonyls
Benzyl acetate	8785	Click to see	150.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes
1,4-Dimethoxybenzene	9016	Click to see	138.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
Methyleugenol	7127	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC	178.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Eugenol	3314	Click to see	164.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Piperidines
(2r,3r,5s,6r)-2,6-Bis(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol	159496	Click to see	193.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00115-4 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
(2R,3R,5S,6S)-2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol	6475028	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(N1)CO)O)O)O)O	193.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00115-4 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
Deoxynojirimycin	29435	Click to see	163.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00115-4 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrrolidines
(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol	44593591	Click to see	177.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-mannitol	124702	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(N1)CO)O)O)O	163.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-dl-glycero-D-manno-heptitol	13005892	Click to see C(C1C(C(C(N1)C(CO)O)O)O)O	193.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
2,5-Imino-2,5,6-Trideoxy-D-Manno-Heptitol	10374978	Click to see	177.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9705726
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamaldehydes
Cinnamaldehyde	637511	Click to see	132.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamyl alcohols
Cinnamyl Alcohol	5315892	Click to see	134.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanidin 3-O-p-coumaroyl glycosides / Anthocyanidin 3-O-6-p-coumaroyl glycosides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	101633884	Click to see	773.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	91417365	Click to see	595.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid	100921412	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)O)C2=C(C=C3C(=CC(=CC3=[O+]2)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)CC(=O)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O	873.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
4'''-Demalonylsalvianin	5282162	Click to see	843.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Bis(demalonyl)monardaein cation	20054973	Click to see	741.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Bisdemalonylsalvianin	5282161	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C=C3C(=CC(=CC3=[O+]2)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)O	757.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
CID 101586992	101586992	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C([O+]=C4C=C(C=C(C4=C3)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)O	843.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Malonylawobanin	5281258	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C([O+]=C4C=C(C=C(C4=C3)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC(=O)CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	859.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Shisonin	5282068	Click to see	757.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-5-O-glycosides
3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid	101930173	Click to see	681.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside	10100906	Click to see	627.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pelargonin	441772	Click to see	595.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid 3-O-p-coumaroyl glycosides
3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid	101633888	Click to see	875.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
3-oxo-3-[[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid	163194015	Click to see	859.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00778-R
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
pelargonidin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside	443649	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00140-3

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections	0
In public collections	0

You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.

Hyacinthus orientalis

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top