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Carum carvi

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400f7f0ef07640527616
Scientific name Carum carvi
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 263 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Carum carvi, commonly known as caraway, has a long history of use as a digestive aid in many cultures. According to Bennett et al., 2021, among the Germanic peoples of Central Europe, the dried seeds are steeped in hot water to make a mild tea that is traditionally drunk after meals to relieve bloating and flatulence. In the Ayurvedic tradition of India, Kumar et al., 2019 report that a decoction of the leaves, simmered for 15 minutes, is used to treat stomach cramps and to promote appetite. Al‑Khalifa et al., 2018 describe how, in the Middle East, a tincture made from the seeds in 95 % ethanol is applied topically as a poultice to soothe abdominal pain and to reduce gas. These preparations all rely on the aromatic, carminative properties of the plant’s essential oil.

A simple, safe recipe for a caraway tea is as follows: take 1 tsp (about 2 g) of dried caraway seeds and add them to 1 cup (240 mL) of boiling water. Let the mixture steep for 5–10 minutes, then strain and sip slowly. This infusion delivers a gentle, pleasant flavor while providing the digestive benefits that have been documented for centuries. For those who prefer a stronger dose, a 1:5 tincture can be prepared by soaking 10 g of seeds in 50 mL of 95 % ethanol for four weeks, shaking daily, then filtering the liquid. Use no more than 1–2 mL of the tincture per day, and avoid use during pregnancy or if you have a history of uterine contractions, as caraway can act as a mild uterine stimulant.

The therapeutic effects of caraway are largely attributed to its essential oil constituents, most notably carvone (the major component, responsible for the characteristic aroma) and limonene, along with smaller amounts of alpha‑pinene and coumarins. Carvone has been shown to possess antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti‑inflammatory activity, which helps explain the plant’s traditional use for digestive discomfort. Modern research continues to explore these compounds; for example, recent studies have highlighted the antimicrobial efficacy of caraway oil against common gastrointestinal pathogens and its potential as a natural preservative in food products. Today, caraway essential oil is widely available in the culinary and cosmetic industries, and its traditional uses remain common in many households, underscoring the enduring relevance of this humble herb.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
The primary commercial product is steam-distilled essential oil from the mature fruits (commonly called seeds). A minor co-product is the seed itself used whole or ground as a spice.

Industrial and craft applications:
Caraway essential oil is used as a flavor and fragrance ingredient in the food, beverage, and fragrance industries, including in liqueurs and confectionery; it also serves as a model substrate for essential-oil distillation and analysis.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Whole caraway fruits are employed as a spice and condiment in breads (notably rye), sausages, cheeses, sauerkraut, and pickles, and as a flavoring in alcoholic beverages (e.g., liqueurs such as kümmel) and certain culinary spirits. Oil is used as a flavoring component in processed foods and beverages.

Colorants and tanning:
No significant non-medicinal use as a colorant or tanning agent is reported for this taxon.

Wood and fiber:
No established commercial timber, structural wood, or fiber uses are documented.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Caraway oil is used in perfumery and cosmetic fragrance as a spicy-aromatic note. Seed extracts are used as flavoring components in cosmetic formulations and oral-care products.

Properties relevant to use:
The essential oil content of mature caraway fruits typically ranges from about 3–7% by weight. The oil is obtained by steam distillation and presents a characteristic warm, spicy, aromatic profile with a sharp taste, facilitating flavor/fragrance applications.

Standards and regulation:
Caraway oil is recognized as a natural flavoring substance in European Union flavoring regulation. National compendia (e.g., European Pharmacopoeia) provide quality specifications for caraway and its oil; ISO 3216 governs oil of caraway (Carum carvi L.).

Sustainability and sourcing:
Caraway is an annual field crop cultivated in temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. Seed and oil are produced under regular agricultural cycles, with crop management practices similar to other spice umbels.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Karos carvi Nieuwl. & Lunell Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 385 (1916)
Ligusticum carvi (L.) Roth Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 124 (1788)
Pimpinella carvi Jess. Deut. Excurs.-Fl. : 191 (1879)
Sium carvi Bernh. Syst. Verz. Erf. : 173 (1800)
Selinum carvi E.H.L.Krause Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 12: 47 (1904)
Seseli carvi Spreng. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 414. 1820 [Aug-Dec 1820]
Seseli carum Scop. Fl. Carniol. , ed. 2, 1: 215 (1771)
Apium carvi (L.) Crantz Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 3: 110 (1767)
Bunium carvi M.Bieb. Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 211 (1808)
Carum aromaticum Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 168 (1796)
Carum carvi f. gracile (Lindl.) H.Wolff Pflanzenr. IV, 228(90): 148 1927
Carum carvi f. rhodochranthum A.H.Moore Rhodora 11: 178. 1909
Carum carvi subsp. rosellum (Woronow) Vorosch. Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR : 184 (1985)
Carum carvi f. rubriflorum H.Wolff Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 306 1926
Carum decussatum Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. ii. 37. 1782
Carum gracile Lindl. Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. : 232 (1835)
Carum officinale Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 515 (1821 publ. 1822)
Carum rosellum Woronow Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 218 (1933)
Carum velenovskyi Rohlena Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 17: 34 (1903)
Carvi careum Bubani Fl. Pyren. 2: 352 (1899)
Falcaria carvifolia C.A.Mey. Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 1: 14 (1844)
Foeniculum carvi Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 284 (1821)
Carum carvi var. gracile (Lindl.) H.Wolff
Sium carum [Weber,] Prim. Fl. Holsat. 24. 1780 [29 Mar 1780]
Aegopodium carum Wibel Prim. Fl. Werth. 199. 1799
Pimpinella involucrata Jan ex DC. Prodr. 4: 123 (1830)
Carum carvi var. vulgare Alef. Landw. Fl. : 154 (1866)
Carum carvi f. pygmaeum Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste : 294 (1904)
Carum carvi var. intermedium Rouy & E.G.Camus Fl. France 7: 357 (1901)
Carum carvi var. pterochlaenum DC. Prodr. 4: 115 (1830)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English caraway
English caraway plant
English wild caraway
English meridian fennel
English persian cumin
Spanish alcarabaca
Spanish alcarahueya
Spanish alcaravea
Spanish alcaravia
Spanish alcarovea
Spanish alcarravea
Spanish alcorobea
Spanish caros
Spanish carvi
Spanish carvia
Spanish carvía
Spanish comino de prado
Spanish comino de prados
Spanish hinojo de prado
Spanish carum rosellum
Spanish bunium carvi
Spanish carum gracile
ace jeura keusani
Afrikaans karwy
Arabic كراوية
Arabic كروياء
Arabic كوريا
Arabic كمون أرمني
Arabic كروية
Azerbaijani adi zirə
azb عادی زیره
bar kimme
Belarusian Кмен звычайны
Bulgarian ким
bjn jintan
Bengali ক্যারাম কার্ভি
Bengali কারোয়া
Tibetan གོ་སྙོད།
Bosnian kim
Catalan càrvit
Catalan comí de prat
Catalan matafaluga borda
Catalan alcaravia
Czech kmín kořenný
Czech kmín luční
Czech carum velenovskyi
cv Ахаль çерçи кĕпçи
Welsh carwy
Danish kommen
German wiesen-kümmel
German wiesenkümmel
German echter kümmel
dv ފަރިހި ދަމުއި
Greek αγριοκύμινο
Greek Κιουμέλ
Esperanto karvio
Estonian harilik köömen
Basque txarpoil
Persian زیره سیاه
Persian زیرهٔ سیاه
Persian زیره
Finnish maustekumina
Finnish kumina
French carvi
French caraway
French cumin des prés
French graine de carvi
frr bruadkrüüs
frr seeskrüüs
frr köömen
Irish cearbhas
Galician carvea
Swiss German chümmi
Hebrew קימל
Hebrew כרוויה תרבותית
Hindi शाहजीरा
Croatian kim
Upper Sorbian kimjelčka
Hungarian hasznos kömény
Hungarian keménymag
Hungarian kerti kömény
Hungarian kömény
Hungarian kömény mag
Hungarian köménymag
Hungarian konyhakömény
Hungarian fűszerkömény
Armenian քիմիոն
Armenian քիմոն սովորական
hyw Հայկական Չաման
Indonesian jintan
Igbo cara way
Icelandic kúmen
Italian carvi
Italian cumino dei prati
Italian cumino tedesco
Japanese ヒメウイキョウ
Japanese 姫茴香
Japanese キャラウェイ
jv caraway
Georgian ძირა
Kabyle issamen
Korean 캐러웨이
ku jaj
la carvi
la careum
lb kümmel
lb kimmel
Lithuanian kmynai
Lithuanian kmynas
Lithuanian paprastasis kmynas
Latvian parastā ķimene
Latvian pļavas ķimene
mad jhinten
Macedonian ким
Malayalam caraway
Malayalam കരിം ജീരകം
Malayalam കരിഞ്ചീരകം
mn Гоньд
Marathi शहाजिरे
Malay jintan
Burmese ကရဝေး
Norwegian Bokmål kummen
Norwegian Bokmål kummin
Norwegian Bokmål karve
Dutch karwij
Dutch kummel
Dutch echte karwij
Dutch karwijzaad
Norwegian Nynorsk karve
os Хуымæтæджы фыдхос
Polish kminek zwyczajny
Pashto زيره
Portuguese alcarávia
Portuguese alcaravia
Romanian chimen
Russian Тмин обыкновенный
Yakutian Анньыыс
sat ᱡᱤᱨᱟ. ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
sat ᱡᱤᱨᱟ.
sco carvie
Samogitian kvīns
Serbo-Croatian kim
shn ၵရဝေး
shn ယႃႈၽၢင်ယွႆး
Slovak kmín
Slovak rasca
Slovak rasca lúčna
Slovenian navadna kumina
Slovenian kumina
Slovenian bela cemena
Slovenian čemena
Slovenian čimna
Slovenian čumna
Slovenian divji kumen
Slovenian kim
Slovenian kimca
Slovenian kimelj
Slovenian kumen
Slovenian kumena
Slovenian kumič
Slovenian kumin
Slovenian kumna
Albanian qimnoni
Serbian Ким
Swedish brödkummin
Swedish kummin
Telugu కరం కరవే
tg Карвиё
Thai เทียนตากบ
Turkish karaman kimyonu, frenk kimyonu, keraviye, keraviya
Turkish meridyen rezene
tt Ак әнис
Ukrainian Кмин звичайний
Uzbek zira urug'lari
vec kumo
Chinese 细葛缕子
Chinese 葛缕子
Chinese 葛缕子（黄蒿、藏茴香、茴香）
Chinese 藏茴香
Chinese 青海防风
Chinese 葛縷子
Chinese 黄蒿
Chinese 茴香

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Qinghai
      • Tibet
      • Xinjiang
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
      • Turkmenistan
      • Uzbekistan
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • Tuva
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
    • Western Asia
      • Afghanistan
      • Cyprus
      • Iran
      • Iraq
      • Turkey
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • West Himalaya
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • Krym
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Føroyar
      • Great Britain
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Labrador
      • New Brunswick
      • Newfoundland
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
      • Prince Edward Island
      • Québec
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • North Dakota
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • District Of Columbia
      • Kentucky
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • North Carolina
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Utah
    • Subarctic America
      • Greenland
      • Nunavut
    • Western Canada
      • Alberta
      • British Columbia
      • Manitoba
      • Saskatchewan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000588460
UNII 5TDF7P5L1D
Canadensys 2551
USDA Plants CACA19
Tropicos 1700044
INPN 89250
Flora of Italy 3594
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:839677-1
The Plant List kew-2701499
PFAF Carum carvi
Open Tree Of Life 498463
Observations.org 2419
NCBI Taxonomy 48032
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000003679
Nature Serve 2.147735
IPNI 839677-1
iNaturalist 123719
iNaturalist 160162
GBIF 3034714
Freebase /m/017dpx
WisFlora 3032
EPPO CRYCA
EOL 581712
Elurikkus 3489
USDA GRIN 9245
Wikipedia Caraway
CMAUP NPO12620
Plantarium 9207

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Double‐blind, randomized, 8‐week multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of STW 5‐II versus placebo in functional dyspepsia Vinson B, Fink C, Wargenau M, Talley NJ, Holtmann G JGH Open 02-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11064020
doi:10.1002/jgh3.13054
PMID:38699471
An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance Li B, Duan W, Lin G, Ma X, Wen R, Zhang Z Int J Mol Sci 23-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11083649
doi:10.3390/ijms25094595
PMID:38731815
Design of three-component essential oil extract mixture from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Carum carvi, and Acorus calamus with enhanced antioxidant activity Assaggaf H, Jeddi M, Mrabti HN, Ez-zoubi A, Qasem A, Attar A, Goh BH, Tan SL, Bouyahya A, Goh KW, Hachlafi NE Sci Rep 22-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11035653
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-59708-x
PMID:38649707
An Overview of the Spices Used for the Prevention and Potential Treatment of Gastric Cancer Kostelecka K, Bryliński Ł, Komar O, Michalczyk J, Miłosz A, Biłogras J, Woliński F, Forma A, Baj J Cancers (Basel) 22-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11049028
doi:10.3390/cancers16081611
PMID:38672692
Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut–Brain Axis Disorders Scuto M, Rampulla F, Reali GM, Spanò SM, Trovato Salinaro A, Calabrese V Antioxidants (Basel) 18-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11047582
doi:10.3390/antiox13040484
PMID:38671931
Sandalwood Oils of Different Origins Are Active In Vitro against Madurella mycetomatis, the Major Fungal Pathogen Responsible for Eumycetoma Abd Algaffar SO, Seegers S, Satyal P, Setzer WN, Schmidt TJ, Khalid SA Molecules 18-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11055130
doi:10.3390/molecules29081846
PMID:38675665
Petroselinum crispum L., essential oil as promising source of bioactive compounds, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities: In vitro and in silico predictions Nouioura G, El fadili M, El Hachlafi N, Abuelizz HA, Elidrissi AE, Ferioun M, Soulo N, Er-rahmani S, Lyoussi B, Derwich E Heliyon 16-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11040043
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29520
PMID:38660278
Ethnobotanical survey on herbal remedies for the management of type 2 diabetes in the Casablanca-Settat region, Morocco Arraji M, Al Wachami N, Boumendil K, Chebabe M, Mochhoury L, Laamiri FZ, Barkaoui M, Chahboune M BMC Complement Med Ther 15-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11017650
doi:10.1186/s12906-024-04468-4
PMID:38622669
Natural Polymers as Carriers for Encapsulation of Volatile Oils: Applications and Perspectives in Food Products Tița O, Constantinescu MA, Rusu L, Tița MA Polymers (Basel) 09-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11054478
doi:10.3390/polym16081026
PMID:38674945
Effect of gamma rays on the essential oil and biochemical characteristics of the Satureja mutica Fisch & C. A. Mey Mahdi Navehsi F, Abdossi V, Abbaszadeh B, Azimi R, Dianat M Sci Rep 30-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10981732
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-57989-w
PMID:38555296
New Light on Plants and Their Chemical Compounds Used in Polish Folk Medicine to Treat Urinary Diseases Olas B, Różański W, Urbańska K, Sławińska N, Bryś M Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 28-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11054606
doi:10.3390/ph17040435
PMID:38675397
Cross-cultural ethnobotany of the Baltis and Shinas in the Kharmang district, Trans-Himalaya India-Pakistan border Hussain B, Abbas Z, Alam J, Harun N, Khan SM, Ahmad Z, Han H, Yoo S, Raposo A Heliyon 27-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10998220
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28613
PMID:38586350
Saving the local tradition: ethnobotanical survey on the use of plants in Bologna district (Italy) Chiocchio I, Marincich L, Mandrone M, Trincia S, Tarozzi C, Poli F J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 12-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10936038
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00664-1
PMID:38475780
Land‐use affects pollinator‐specific resource availability and pollinator foraging behaviour Birkenbach M, Straub F, Kiesel A, Ayasse M, Wilfert L, Kuppler J Ecol Evol 07-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10918743
doi:10.1002/ece3.11061
PMID:38455145
Modulation of Gut Microbiota, and Morphometry, Blood Profiles and performance of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Piper aduncum, Morinda citrifolia, and Artocarpus altilis leaves Ethanolic Extracts Paredes-López DM, Robles-Huaynate RA, Soto-Vásquez MR, Perales-Camacho RA, Morales-Cauti SM, Beteta-Blas X, Aldava-Pardave U Front Vet Sci 06-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10953691
doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1286152
PMID:38511194

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives
2-Methylbenzaldehyde 10722 Click to see CC1=CC=CC=C1C=O 120.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
2,3,4-Trimethylbenzaldehyde 2752597 Click to see 148.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
4-Methylbenzaldehyde 7725 Click to see 120.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzylethers
4-[(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-methoxyethyl]phenol 636818 Click to see 168.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Gamma-Terpinene 7461 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
(5-Formyl-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) 4-acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoate 163001686 Click to see 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
(5-Formyl-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl) 4-acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoate 163034838 Click to see 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
[(1R)-5-formyl-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl] (E)-4-acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoate 163001688 Click to see CC1=CC(C(=CC1OC(=O)C=C(C)COC(=O)C)C=O)(C)C 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
[(1R)-5-formyl-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl] (E)-4-acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoate 163034839 Click to see CC1=CC=C(C(C1OC(=O)C=C(C)COC(=O)C)(C)C)C=O 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Branched fatty acids / Methyl-branched fatty acids
(E)-4-acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid 11768832 Click to see 158.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
4-Acetyloxy-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid 53721650 Click to see CC(=CC(=O)O)COC(=O)C 158.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Octadec-6-enoic acid 11634 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCC(=O)O 282.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2012.04.060
Petroselinic Acid 5281125 Click to see 282.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2012.04.060
trans-6-Octadecenoic acid 5282754 Click to see 282.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2012.04.060
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(3-methylbutoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol 10848285 Click to see 250.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
beta-OCIMENE, (3E)- 5281553 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
beta-Ocimene, (3Z)- 5320250 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Citral 638011 Click to see 152.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Linalool 6549 Click to see 154.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Myrcene 31253 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
P-Cymene 7463 Click to see 134.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(-)-beta-Pinene 440967 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(-)-Camphene 440966 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+-)-alpha-Pinene 6654 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
(+)-3-Carene 443156 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+)-alpha-Pinene 82227 Click to see CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+)-Sabinene 10887971 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,4R)-2,2-dimethyl-5-methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 12309841 Click to see CC1(CC2CC1CC2=C)C 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-THUJENE, (+/-)- 12444324 Click to see CC1=CCC2(C1C2)C(C)C 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Sabinene 18818 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
(-)-cis-Carveol 330573 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1O)C(=C)C 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(-)-trans-Carveol 94221 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1O)C(=C)C 152.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
(+)-alpha-Phellandrene 443160 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+)-Limonene 440917 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2R,4R)-4-[(2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol 10889000 Click to see 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2R,4S)-4-(1-Hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol 21593213 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,4R,8R)-p-Menthane-1,2,8,9-tetrol 92467558 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O)O 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,4R,8S)-p-Menthane-2,8,9-triol 21593209 Click to see CC1CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,4R)-4-[(2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol 15541895 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O)O 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,4S,8S)-p-Menthane-1,2,8,9-tetrol 92288760 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O)O 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,2S,4S)-4-[(2R)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol 92467559 Click to see 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2R,4R)-4-[(2R)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol 10867427 Click to see 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2S,4R,8R)-p-Menthane-1,2,9-triol 21593214 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2S,4R,8S)-p-Menthane-1,2,8,9-tetrol 11074485 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O)O 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2S,4R)-4-[(1R)-1,2-Dihydroxy-1-methylethyl]-1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol 11106463 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O)O 204.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R)-2-[(1R,3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593208 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R)-2-[(1R,3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593210 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R)-2-[(1R,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593212 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R)-2-[(1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593205 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-2-[(1R,3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593207 Click to see 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-2-[(1R,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593211 Click to see CC1CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-2-[(1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propane-1,2-diol 21593206 Click to see CC1CCC(CC1O)C(C)(CO)O 188.26 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S)-5-[(1R)-1,2-Dihydroxy-1-methylethyl]-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 11830092 Click to see 184.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S)-5-[(2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-2-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one 10877793 Click to see 184.23 unknown via CMAUP database
[(4R)-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl]methanol 11788398 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC(=CC1)CO 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
8-P-Menthene-1,2-diol, (+)- 441246 Click to see 170.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Alpha-Terpinene 7462 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Alpha-Terpineol 17100 Click to see 154.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Carveol 7438 Click to see 152.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Carvone, (+-)- 7439 Click to see 150.22 unknown https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34944/
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Carvone, (+)- 16724 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1=O)C(=C)C 150.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0926-6690(92)90031-P
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34944/
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
d-beta-Phellandrene 442484 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Limonene, (+/-)- 22311 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961480
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34944/
Perillaldehyde 16441 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC(=CC1)C=O 150.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Terpinolene 11463 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
1-Ethenyl-1,2-dimethyl-4-propan-2-ylidene-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexane 5317024 Click to see 218.38 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
2-Isopropenyl-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-1-vinylcyclohexane 6432312 Click to see CC(=C1CCC(C(C1)C(=C)C)(C)C=C)C 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Caryophyllene 5281515 Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
Caryophyllene,alpha + beta mixt. 5354499 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
(1R,2S,5R)-5-[1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethenyl]-2-methylcyclohexyl I(2)-D-glucopyranoside 11024065 Click to see 332.39 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2R,4R,8S)-2-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-p-menthane-8,9-diol 11727818 Click to see CC1CCC(CC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(C)(CO)O 350.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2S,4R,8R)-2-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-p-menthane-1,8,9-triol 10904630 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(C)(CO)O)O 366.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(4S,6R)-6-hydroxy-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexen-1-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 11056604 Click to see 330.37 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,5R)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexyl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol 11823766 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC(C(C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)(C)O 332.39 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(1S,2S,5R)-2-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-2-yl)-2-methylcyclohexyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 21593218 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=C)CO)O 348.39 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(1S,2S,5R)-5-[(2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylcyclohexyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 11024949 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(C)(CO)O)O 366.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-2-Hydroxy-2-[(1R,3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propyl I(2)-D-glucopyranoside 21593215 Click to see 350.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Pyrimidine nucleosides
Uridine 6029 Click to see 244.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Secondary alcohols
(3S)-3-hydroxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carbaldehyde 162965168 Click to see CC1=CC(C(=CC1O)C=O)(C)C 166.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
(5R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carbaldehyde 163026355 Click to see 166.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
1-Deoxy-d-ribitol 270738 Click to see CC(C(C(CO)O)O)O 136.15 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
3-Formyl-4,4,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dienol 12309880 Click to see CC1=CC(C(=CC1O)C=O)(C)C 166.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
5-Deoxy-D-ribitol 166761 Click to see 136.15 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Hydroxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carbaldehyde 101410434 Click to see 166.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[2-[(1S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-yloxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 10592670 Click to see 332.39 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-[(1S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl]propan-2-yloxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 21593216 Click to see CC1(CCC(CC1O)C(C)(C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O 350.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Benzyl beta-d-glucopyranoside 188977 Click to see 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Benzyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside 13254166 Click to see 270.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
glycerol 2-O-alpha-l-fucopyranoside 101159096 Click to see 238.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 11289099 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCOC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 284.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 11972388 Click to see 360.36 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Coniferin 5280372 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CCO)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 342.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Syringin 5316860 Click to see 372.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides
beta-D-Fructopyranose 24310 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)(CO)O)O)O)O 180.16 unknown via CMAUP database
D-(-)-Fructose 5984 Click to see 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
D-Fructose 2723872 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)(CO)O)O)O)O 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
1-Deoxy-D-glucitol 10678630 Click to see 166.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol 3429 Click to see 166.17 unknown via CMAUP database
L-Fucitol 445724 Click to see 166.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols
Butane-1,2,3,4-Tetrol 8998 Click to see 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
D-Threitol 169019 Click to see C(C(C(CO)O)O)O 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Erythritol 222285 Click to see 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Galactitol 11850 Click to see 182.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
L-Apiitol 10820745 Click to see C(C(C(CO)(CO)O)O)O 152.15 unknown via CMAUP database
Mannitol 6251 Click to see 182.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
Sorbitol 5780 Click to see 182.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00288-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aldehydes / Medium-chain aldehydes
Decanal 8175 Click to see 156.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00047A021
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones / Enones
1,9-Heptadecadiene-4,6-diyne-3,8-dione, (Z)- 15559227 Click to see 256.34 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones
4,6,6-Trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carbaldehyde 129716150 Click to see 164.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
4,6,6-Trimethyl-5-oxocyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carbaldehyde 130025349 Click to see 164.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Dialkyl ethers
(3S)-3-methoxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carbaldehyde 162858747 Click to see 180.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995
3-Methoxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carbaldehyde 101142129 Click to see 180.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-0995

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