Guaiacum officinale
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401f13977ab295551332 |
| Scientific name | Guaiacum officinale |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 381 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
In the Caribbean, especially Jamaica, the dried bark of Guaiacum officinale has long been simmered in water to make a decoction that is drunk as a warm tea to relieve rheumatism and to promote urine flow (Howard, 1989; USDA NRCS, 2022). Among the Garifuna people of Belize, a similar bark infusion is taken for fever and gout (Rodriguez et al., 2014, Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine). In the Philippines, local healers steep the dried leaves in hot water and consume the resulting leaf tea to ease cough and as a mild diuretic (PROSEA, 2010). The resinous wood is also ground into a paste and applied topically as a poultice for skin lesions, a practice recorded in the same PROSEA entry.
A simple leaf tea that follows the traditional Philippine preparation uses 5 g of sun‑dried leaves per 250 mL of water. The water is brought to a gentle boil, the leaves are added, the pot is covered and removed from the heat, and the mixture is allowed to steep for 10 minutes before being strained. One cup is taken 1–2 times daily, and the tea should not be continued for more than three weeks without professional advice. The preparation should be avoided by pregnant women because guaiac compounds can stimulate uterine activity; it may also cause mild gastrointestinal upset if taken in excess.
The bark and leaves contain well‑documented phytochemicals that support the observed actions. The most abundant phenolic is guaiacol (2‑methoxyphenol), a compound noted for analgesic and anti‑inflammatory activity (Duke, 2002; PROSEA, 2010). The resin also harbors guaiaconic acids and lignans such as guaiaretic acid, and a modest essential‑oil fraction includes eugenol and α‑pinene, both documented constituents of the wood (PROSEA, 2010; Kumar & Rahman, 2012, Journal of Natural Products). These chemicals match the traditional use of the plant for pain relief, diuresis, and skin‑care.
Modern research has confirmed antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory effects of bark extracts, lending scientific support to the historic uses (Garcia et al., 2020, Phytotherapy Research). Guaiac tincture and dried bark are still sold in Caribbean herbal shops and by online retailers, and many indigenous communities continue to prepare the decoctions as part of their family health practices.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Heartwood from mature trunks and large branches is converted into solid wood parts, including machinery bearings and seals, bushings and bearings for water-lubricated systems, propeller shaft bearings in marine craft, mallet heads and striking tools, and turned or carved articles such as pulley sheaves, instrument parts, and specialty handles.
Industrial and craft applications:
The wood serves as a dense, self-lubricating bearing material for equipment where low friction under load and resistance to wear are required, notably in marine and light industrial machinery. It is also used for bearings in scientific and analytical instruments, including precision balances and grinding/mixing apparatus, and for cutlery and billiard-cue butts where high wear resistance and stability are advantageous. The resin, a hard, brittle gum called guaiac gum, can be incorporated into phenolic and natural-resin varnishes to improve adhesion and gloss; historical references note its use in lacquers and inks. Densified wood or laminated wood articles made from the species can be employed for high-wear components.
Wood and fiber:
The heartwood is extremely heavy (air-dry density around 1.2–1.3 g/cm³), very hard and strong, fine-grained, and oily, providing natural lubrication. It is difficult to machine due to high density and blunting effects; pre-boring and sharp tools are recommended. It turns and carves well when condition is controlled, and can be steam-bent to limited radii. Its natural oil content imparts dimensional stability and resistance to moisture and chemicals. Sustainability and sourcing:
Guaiacum officinale is listed in CITES Appendix II; commercial international trade requires a permit. Populations are depleted across much of its range, with harvest regulated. Historical notes indicate overharvesting for shipbuilding and bearings contributed to scarcity.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Guaiacum bijugum | Stokes | Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 486 (1812) |
| Guaiacum breynii | Spreng. | Syst. Veg. 2: 322 (1825) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | commoner lignum vitae |
| English | guaiac tree |
| English | lignum-vitae |
| English | tree of life |
| English | gayak |
| English | guaiac |
| English | roughbark lignum vitae |
| Spanish | palo santo |
| Spanish | palo de vida |
| Spanish | guayacán |
| Arabic | جياك طبي |
| Catalan | guaiac |
| Czech | guajak léčivý |
| German | gayak |
| Estonian | harilik guajakipuu |
| Persian | جوآیاکوم آفیشینال |
| French | gayak |
| ht | gayak |
| Japanese | ユソウボク |
| Korean | 유창목 |
| Dutch | pokhout |
| pap | wayaká |
| Polish | gwajakowiec lekarski |
| Russian | Гваяковое дерево |
| Slovenian | gvajak |
| Slovenian | navadni gvajak |
| Thai | แก้วเจ้าจอม |
| Chinese | 愈疮木 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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Middle Atlantic Ocean
- Ascension
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Middle Atlantic Ocean
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indo-China
- Vietnam
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Indo-China
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Northern America click to expand
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Florida
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Southeastern U.S.A.
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Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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Northwestern Pacific
- Marianas
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Caribbean
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Cayman Islands
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Leeward Islands
- Netherlands Antilles
- Puerto Rico
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Turks-caicos Islands
- Venezuelan Antilles
- Windward Islands
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Central America
- Honduras
- Panamá
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Northern South America
- Guyana
- Suriname
- Venezuela
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Western South America
- Colombia
- Peru
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Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000710677 |
| UNII | IMP70BJ352 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 1543 |
| USDA Plants | GUOF |
| Tropicos | 34600253 |
| INPN | 629786 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873252-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2833809 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 838052 |
| Observations.org | 198714 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 374122 |
| IUCN Red List | 33701 |
| IPNI | 873252-1 |
| iNaturalist | 193075 |
| GBIF | 3986813 |
| Freebase | /m/081gkm |
| EPPO | GUJOF |
| EOL | 482454 |
| Elurikkus | 446695 |
| USDA GRIN | 18047 |
| Wikipedia | Guaiacum_officinale |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Diterpene glycosides | |||||
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162941310 | Click to see | 1351.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97937-8 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162878080 | Click to see | 1187.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162958991 | Click to see | 1043.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101589133 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101589132 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(=C)CC7)C(=O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 1043.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 10-[3-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162878079 | Click to see | 1187.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 10-[4-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 14263504 | Click to see | 1043.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] 10-[3-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 14355489 | Click to see | 1351.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97937-8 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 11506185 | Click to see | 913.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962014 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101589134 | Click to see | 1075.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 10-[5-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 73157175 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(CC7)(C)C)C(=O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410902884693 |
| Guaiacin B | 196359 | Click to see | 913.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962014 |
| Nudicaucin C | 21635821 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410902884693 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (2R,4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bS)-2,10-dihydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 163076056 | Click to see | 458.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 10395290 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(CO6)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C | 751.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50047A003 |
| [(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 163092615 | Click to see | 1075.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [10-[5-Hydroxy-3,4-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 163092614 | Click to see | 1075.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| 2-[[4a-Carboxy-10-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6a,6b,9,12a-pentamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-2-carbonyl]oxymethyl]-10-hydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 73657297 | Click to see | 957.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50036A011 |
| 2,10-Dihydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 73173572 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CC=C4C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)O)C(=O)O)C)C)C | 458.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| 3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid | 619166 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| Oleanolic Acid | 10494 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3R,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 154731846 | Click to see | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside | 296119 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acid derivatives / Carboxylic acid esters / Methyl esters | |||||
| methyl (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-dodecahydro-3H-picene-4a-carboxylate | 163048800 | Click to see CC1=CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CC1)C(=O)OC)C)C)(C)C)O)C | 454.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| methyl 10-hydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-dodecahydro-3H-picene-4a-carboxylate | 14888786 | Click to see CC1=CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CC1)C(=O)OC)C)C)(C)C)O)C | 454.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives | |||||
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-dodecahydro-3H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid | 163076299 | Click to see | 440.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| 10-hydroxy-2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-dodecahydro-3H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14888784 | Click to see CC1=CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CC1)C(=O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C | 440.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 162993647 | Click to see | 718.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 101589131 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(=C)CC7)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 881.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14036554 | Click to see | 572.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| 10-[3,5-Dihydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14263502 | Click to see | 718.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| 10-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14036544 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(=C)CC7)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)O)O)O)O | 718.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| 10-[5-Hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 162913832 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(=C)CC7)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 881.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| 6a,6b,9,9,12a-Pentamethyl-2-methylidene-10-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14036553 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)O)O)O)C)CC=C5C3(CCC6(C5CC(=C)CC6)C(=O)O)C)C)C | 572.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| Ciwujianoside E | 21626484 | Click to see | 718.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198925260 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides | |||||
| (4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 163045418 | Click to see | 1025.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 162876359 | Click to see | 1027.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2000-0216 |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 101020917 | Click to see | 1027.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2000-0216 |
| 10-[3-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-4-[2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 163045417 | Click to see | 1025.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(86)80035-8 |
| 10-[3-[4-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 85229845 | Click to see | 1027.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-2000-0216 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar acids and derivatives / Glucuronic acid derivatives | |||||
| [(4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 162935369 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)CC=C7C3(CCC8(C7CC(=C)CC8)OC(=O)C9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [(4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 162958310 | Click to see | 1043.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [10-[5-Hydroxy-3,4-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 162935368 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)CC=C7C3(CCC8(C7CC(=C)CC8)OC(=O)C9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| [10-[5-Hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6a,6b,9,9,12a-pentamethyl-2-methylidene-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | 162958309 | Click to see | 1043.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80201-Q |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans | |||||
| (1R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,20S)-10-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-21-oxahexacyclo[18.2.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracos-17-en-22-one | 14888779 | Click to see | 440.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| (1R,4S,5R,8S,10S,13R,14R,20S)-10-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-21-oxahexacyclo[18.2.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracos-17-en-22-one | 162989024 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CCC4=C5CC6(CCC5(CCC43C)C(=O)O6)C)C)C | 440.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| 30-Norolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid, 3,20-dihydroxy-, delta-lactone, (3beta,20beta)- | 14888778 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CCC4=C5CC6(CCC5(CCC43C)C(=O)O6)C)C)C | 440.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84110-2 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids | |||||
| Ramonanin A, (rel)- | 45275140 | Click to see | 680.70 | unknown | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3103647/ |
| Ramonanin D | 53355807 | Click to see | 680.70 | unknown | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3103647/ |
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