Zanthoxylum avicennae
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644054571a567463611007 |
| Scientific name | Zanthoxylum avicennae |
| Authority | DC. |
| First published in | Prodr. 1: 726 (1824) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Among southern Chinese folk healers, a decoction of Zanthoxylum avicennae roots or the pounded leaf applied as a poultice has long been used to treat abdominal pain, swelling, and skin sores (Miller & Liu, 2009). In Vietnam, healers report a simple leaf infusion taken as a febrifuge and antimalarial tonic (Le & Thuy, 2017). In rural Malaysia, fresh leaf juice is repeatedly dropped into wounds and leech bites to cleanse and soothe them, a practice recorded by Stone (1961). Traditional use is therefore documented for two major application types: infusions and decoctions taken internally, and poultices or topical juice applied to the skin and mucous membranes.
For an accessible preparation, a mild leaf tea can be made by adding 5–10 g of fresh leaves (or 3–6 g dried) to 250 mL of hot water, covering and infusing 10–15 minutes, and drinking up to one cup, 1–3 times daily. A simpler poultice uses crushed fresh leaves placed on clean skin for 20–30 minutes, three to four times daily. Because the species can contain sanguinarine-type alkaloids and skin-sensitizing essential oils, avoid long-term, high‑dose internal use; do not use during pregnancy or breastfeeding; and stop if irritation develops when applying the leaves or juice (Miller & Liu, 2009).
Well‑studied constituents plausibly supporting these uses include benzophenanthridine alkaloids such as chelerythrine and nitidine, quinolizidine alkaloids, and a leaf essential oil rich in linalool, 1,8‑cineole, and β‑caryophyllene; these compounds have documented analgesic, anti‑inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties and have been reported in Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lin et al., 1997; Ahmed & Haridas, 1999; Wu et al., 2013).
Modern relevance remains clear: flavonoids, particularly quercetin, have been measured in Z. avicennae leaves and fruit (Lin et al., 1997), and both the volatile profile and alkaloid composition continue to attract phytochemical research, while local teas and poultices remain in use in parts of mainland Southeast Asia and southern China.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
• No documented commercial or industrial products specific to this taxon.
Industrial and craft applications:
• No documented industrial or craft applications specific to this taxon.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• No documented food or beverage uses specific to this taxon.
Colorants and tanning:
• No documented use as a dye or tannin source specific to this taxon.
Wood and fiber:
• No documented wood or fiber utilization specific to this taxon.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
• No documented fragrance, essential oil, or cosmetic use specific to this taxon.
Properties relevant to use:
• No established material or chemical properties documented for this taxon.
Standards and regulation:
• No standards or regulatory frameworks are reported for products from this taxon.
Sustainability and sourcing:
• No specific conservation, sourcing, or cultivation practices for commercial use are documented for this taxon.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Zanthoxylum lentiscifolium | Champ. ex Benth. | Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 329 (1851) |
| Fagara avicennae | Lam. | Encycl. 2: 445 (1788) |
| Zanthoxylum lentiscifolium | (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Andersson | Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1853: 244 1855 |
| Zanthoxylum avicennae var. tonkinense | Pierre | Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 4, t. 289B 1893 |
| Zanthoxylum avicennae var. touranense | Pierre |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Spanish | fagara avicennae |
| Spanish | zanthoxylum avicennae var. tonkinense |
| Spanish | zanthoxylum avicennae var. touranense |
| Chinese | 狗花椒 |
| Chinese | 花椒簕 |
| Chinese | 簕樘花椒 |
| Chinese | 簕欓 |
| Chinese | 簕欓花椒 |
| Chinese | 簕欓花椒(簕檔、簕觉) |
| Chinese | 鹰不泊叶 |
| Chinese | 鹰不泊果 |
| Chinese | 鹰不泊根 |
| Chinese | 画眉簕 |
| Chinese | 鸡咀簕 |
| Chinese | 簕?花椒 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Laos
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Philippines
-
Indo-China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001228466 |
| Tropicos | 50054976 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775602-1 |
| The Plant List | tro-50054976 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 760763 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 354527 |
| IPNI | 775602-1 |
| iNaturalist | 484955 |
| GBIF | 3832937 |
| EOL | 2874921 |
| Wikipedia | Zanthoxylum_avicennae |
| CMAUP | NPO18723 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Protopine alkaloids | |||||
| Allocryptopine | 98570 | Click to see | 369.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)83064-0 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Coumarinolignans | |||||
| (2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 13965875 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| (2S,3S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 24800019 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C2C(OC3=C(C=C4C=CC(=O)OC4=C3O2)OC)CO | 430.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 13965873 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 74318724 | Click to see | 430.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Clemiscosin D | 13965876 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(OC3=C(C=C4C=CC(=O)OC4=C3O2)OC)CO | 416.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans | |||||
| (-)-Syringaresinol | 11604108 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC)O)OC | 418.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Syringaresinol | 100067 | Click to see | 418.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Syringaresinol, (+)- | 443023 | Click to see | 418.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,9-epoxylignans | |||||
| [(2S,3R,4R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-3-yl]methyl (Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 24800017 | Click to see | 596.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| [(2S,3R,4R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-3-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 132586969 | Click to see | 596.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 9-O-Feruloyl-5,5'-dimethoxylariciresinol | 44448269 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)CC2COC(C2COC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC)O)OC | 596.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 9-O-Feruloyl-5,5/'-dimethoxylariciresil | 74318722 | Click to see | 596.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| 2-[(1S,2R,6R)-2,6-bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol | 100989805 | Click to see | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| 2-[2,6-Bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol | 85285233 | Click to see | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| 2-[3-[(1R,5R,6S)-5-[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-3-methyl-6-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-N,N-dimethylethanamine | 100989809 | Click to see | 490.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| 2-[3-[(1S,5R,6S)-5-[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-3-methyl-6-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-N,N-dimethylethanamine | 162964897 | Click to see CC1=CC(C(C(C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)CCN(C)C)OC)C(=C)C)C3=C(C=CC(=C3)CCN(C)C)OC | 490.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| 2-[3-[5-[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-3-methyl-6-propan-2-ylidenecyclohex-3-en-1-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-N,N-dimethylethanamine | 90475946 | Click to see | 490.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| culantraramine [M+H]+ | 14680301 | Click to see | 490.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| 2-Hydroxypiperitone | 79023 | Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C(CC1)C(C)C)O | 168.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Taraxasterol | 115250 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| Stigmasterol | 5280794 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic Polymers / Polypeptides | |||||
| Chorionic Gonadotropin-b (109-145) (human) | 16135549 | Click to see | 3876.00 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxanes / Phenylbenzodioxanes / Phenylbenzo-1,4-dioxanes | |||||
| (E)-3-[(2S,3S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]propenal | 24800018 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C2C(OC3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)C=CC=O)O)CO | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| (E)-3-[(2S,3S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]propenal | 24799853 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(OC3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)C=CC=O)CO | 372.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-[2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-7-yl]prop-2-enal | 74318679 | Click to see | 372.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-[2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-7-yl]prop-2-enal | 73009773 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-[3-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]prop-2-enal | 74318678 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(OC3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)C=CC=O)CO | 372.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-[5-Hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-7-yl]prop-2-enal | 74318723 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Bilagrewin | 11567569 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Nocomtal | 24799854 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OC(C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)CO)C=CC=O | 372.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / 2,2-dimethyl-1-benzopyrans | |||||
| (E)-3-(2,2-dimethylchromen-6-yl)prop-2-enal | 24800020 | Click to see | 214.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 3-(2,2-Dimethylchromen-6-yl)prop-2-enal | 74318725 | Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC(=C2)C=CC=O)C | 214.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Benzoquinolines / Phenanthridines and derivatives | |||||
| Nitidine | 4501 | Click to see | 348.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Furanoquinolines | |||||
| 8-Hydroxydictamnine | 164950 | Click to see | 215.20 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| Dictamnine | 68085 | Click to see | 199.20 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Gamma-Fagarine | 107936 | Click to see | 229.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Isodictamnine | 442913 | Click to see CN1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C1OC=C3 | 199.20 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Skimmianine | 6760 | Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC | 259.26 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives / Hydroquinolones | |||||
| 4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-quinolone | 182073 | Click to see | 189.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Edulitine | 826073 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC2=C1NC(=O)C=C2OC | 205.21 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamaldehydes | |||||
| 3-[4-(3-Methylbut-2-enoxy)phenyl]prop-2-enal | 117778432 | Click to see CC(=CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC=O)C | 216.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives | |||||
| 6,7,8-Trimethoxycoumarin | 3083928 | Click to see | 236.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Scoparone | 8417 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)OC | 206.19 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Scopoletin | 5280460 | Click to see | 192.17 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Angular pyranocoumarins | |||||
| 5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-[(1E)-3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-8-one | 5321265 | Click to see CC(=C)C=CC1=C(C2=C(C3=C1OC(=O)C=C3)OC(C=C2)(C)C)OC | 324.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5-Methoxy-6-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-8-one | 72745418 | Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=C(C(=C2OC)C=CC(C)(C)OC)OC(=O)C=C3)C | 356.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| 5-Methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-2-one | 13965872 | Click to see | 326.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9600004654 |
| 6-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-5-methoxy-2,2-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-8-one | 72745417 | Click to see | 342.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Avicennol | 15118768 | Click to see | 342.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 |
| Avicennol Methyl Ether | 15118771 | Click to see | 356.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| Dipetalin | 5316928 | Click to see | 326.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9600004654 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Linear pyranocoumarins | |||||
| 2H,8H-Benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']dipyran-2-one, 5-methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-10-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)- | 628408 | Click to see CC(=CCC1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(=O)C=C3)OC)C=CC(O2)(C)C)C | 326.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9600004654 |
| Luvangetin | 343582 | Click to see | 258.27 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1084416 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP070594K |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids | |||||
| (1R,2R,4S,5R,7R)-4,7-bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-ol | 154496221 | Click to see | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| (1S,2R,4S,5R,7R)-4,7-bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-ol | 11799812 | Click to see | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| (2R)-4,7-bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-ol | 5321256 | Click to see CC1(C2C(CC(C2C1C3=C(C=CC(=C3)CCN(C)C)OC)(C)O)C4=C(C=CC(=C4)CCN(C)C)OC)C | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| 4,7-Bis[5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-ol | 73106903 | Click to see | 508.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00612-8 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| Hesperetin-7-Rutinoside | 3594 | Click to see | 610.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)83064-0 |
| Hesperidin | 10621 | Click to see | 610.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)83064-0 |
| Npc288714 | 53384378 | Click to see | 608.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |