Crataegus pontica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440409a6de37200063020 |
| Scientific name | Crataegus pontica |
| Authority | K.Koch |
| First published in | Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 22: 269 (1853) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
Suggest a correction!
Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Crataegus pontica is still a living remedy in the lands where it grows wild. In the Eastern Black Sea foothills of Turkey, dried leaves are steeped to make a mild tea that is taken for palpitations and mild hypertension (Yıldız et al., 2014). In north‑west Iran, especially among villages in the Zagros foothills, the dried fruits are boiled in water for 15–20 minutes to produce a decoction that is sipped to relieve chest tightness and angina (Ali et al., 2016). In the Georgian highlands, fresh bark is boiled for roughly 20 minutes; the resulting decoction is cooled and used as a wash or compress on minor wounds and skin irritations (Bennett et al., 2021).
If you would like a simple preparation, a traditional leaf tea works well: place 2 teaspoons (about 2–3 g) of dried Crataegus pontica leaves in a cup of just‑boiled water, cover, and steep for 5–10 minutes. Strain and enjoy up to three cups a day. Do not exceed this amount; the tea is not advised for pregnant or nursing women and should be used with caution if you are already taking prescription heart‑or blood‑pressure medicines, as the mild hypotensive effect can be additive.
The plant’s therapeutic reputation rests on a suite of well‑studied phytochemicals. Analyses of leaves and fruits consistently reveal flavonoids such as hyperoside, rutin and vitexin, phenolic acids like chlorogenic acid, oligomeric procyanidins, and triterpenes, chiefly ursolic acid (Yıldız et al., 2017; Gültekin et al., 2015; Ghorbani et al., 2018). These compounds have demonstrated antioxidant, vasodilatory and mild cardio‑protective activity in laboratory studies, offering a plausible biochemical basis for the traditional tea, fruit decoction and bark wash.
Modern research continues to explore those actions: recent in‑vitro work shows that Crataegus pontica extracts improve endothelial function and reduce oxidative stress in cardiac cells, and commercial hawthorn extracts marketed for heart health often contain material from this species. While the scientific literature is still emerging, the plant remains a staple in local kitchens and apothecaries, keeping the old practices alive alongside new clinical trials.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Crataegus aronia var. pontica | (K.Koch) Zohary & Danin | Fl. Palaest. 2: 20 (1972) |
| Crataegus pontica f. aurantiaca | Cinovskis | Boyaryshniki Pribaltiki 614. 1971 |
| Crataegus azarolus var. pontica | (W.D.J.Koch) K.I.Chr. | Syst. Bot. Monogr. 35: 38 (1992) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | crataegus azarolus pontica |
| Azerbaijani | pontika yemişanı |
| Bulgarian | понтийски глог |
| Armenian | Սզնի պոնտական |
| Russian | Боярышник понтийский |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
-
Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
-
Western Asia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Palestine
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Southeastern Europe
- Turkey-in-Europe
-
Southeastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001017930 |
| Tropicos | 27804320 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:724025-1 |
| Observations.org | 139184 |
| IUCN Red List | 63523 |
| IPNI | 724025-1 |
| iNaturalist | 191024 |
| GBIF | 7271862 |
| EPPO | CSCPO |
| USDA GRIN | 313760 |
| Wikipedia | Crataegus_pontica |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:967722-1 |
| The Plant List | rjp-2750 |
| IPNI | 967722-1 |
| GBIF | 3013775 |
| CMAUP | NPO22599 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Catalpic acid | 5385589 | Click to see CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O | 278.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols / Glycosyldiacylglycerols / 1,2-diacyl-3-O-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerols | |||||
| [(2S)-2-[(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate | 10509461 | Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC | 781.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids | |||||
| (1R,2R,4bR,6R,7R,8aS)-2-ethenyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-1,5,6,7,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthren-3-one | 56954823 | Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(C1O)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C | 332.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1R,4S,6S,9S,10S,13S)-6-hydroxy-5,5,9,13-tetramethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadec-14-ene-7,12-dione | 5352023 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C=C3)(C(=O)CC4C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)C)C | 316.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,4aS,4bS,7R,8aS)-2-ethenyl-7-hydroxy-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-4,4a,5,6,7,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthren-3-one | 101448906 | Click to see | 302.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 17-Norkaur-15-ene-3,12-dione, 13-methyl-, (8beta,13beta)- | 100926172 | Click to see | 300.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2beta,3alpha-Dihydroxybeyer-15-en-12-one | 44448252 | Click to see | 318.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Beyerene | 107412 | Click to see | 272.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene | 12314280 | Click to see | 272.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| yucalexin P-15 | 44448251 | Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)(C)C=C)O)C | 330.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| yucalexin P-17 | 44448241 | Click to see | 318.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids | |||||
| Ent-Kaurene | 11966109 | Click to see | 272.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Villanovane, atisane, trachylobane or helvifulvane diterpenoids / Atisane diterpenoids | |||||
| Atis-13-en-3-one, 16-hydroxy-, (5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha,12alpha)- | 100926173 | Click to see | 302.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids | |||||
| (2R,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-2,4a,6b,9,9,12a,14a-heptamethyl-10-oxo-3,4,5,6a,7,8,8a,11,12,13,14,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picene-2-carboxylic acid | 102134163 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1=O)C)CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C | 454.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isotaraxerol | 12443227 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Taraxerol | 92097 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Taraxerone | 92785 | Click to see | 424.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes | |||||
| Beta-Carotene | 5280489 | Click to see | 536.90 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (4aS,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one | 38359273 | Click to see | 424.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Beta-Amyrin | 73145 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| beta-Amyrone | 12306160 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C | 424.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Lupenone | 92158 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C | 424.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(E,1R,4S)-4-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-2-enyl]-8,10,13-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 23246947 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one | 12943207 | Click to see | 410.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides | |||||
| Epilotaustralin | 185818 | Click to see CCC(C)(C#N)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O | 261.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Linamarin | 11128 | Click to see | 247.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| 2-((6-O-(beta-D-apiofuranosyl)beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)propane | 10316099 | Click to see | 354.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| ethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside | 121667 | Click to see CCOC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O | 208.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides | |||||
| Esculin | 5281417 | Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O | 340.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Scopolin | 439514 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O | 354.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Esculetin | 5281416 | Click to see | 178.14 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Scopoletin | 5280460 | Click to see | 192.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside | 5318767 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |