Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In Mediterranean folk practice the dried leaves of Berberis vulgaris are infused as a mild tea to reduce fever and soothe sore throats (British Herbal Compendium, 2003). In traditional European herbal medicine the dried root‑bark is decocted to treat dyspepsia, abdominal cramps and urinary complaints (EMA Monograph on Berberis vulgaris, 2015). Persian (Iranian) healers macerate the bark in ethanol to obtain a bitter tincture that is taken for liver and gallbladder disorders (Razavi et al., 2015). In Chinese folk medicine a poultice of crushed leaves is applied topically to cuts and burns for its antiseptic effect, while the root is sometimes boiled into a decoction for gastrointestinal infection (WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, 2011; Zhang et al., 2008). These preparations consistently involve the leaf or the root‑bark as the primary plant part.

Mild tea: Weigh 5 g of dried root‑bark, place in a small saucepan, add 250 mL of cold water, bring to a gentle boil, then reduce and simmer for 10 minutes. Remove from heat, cover and let steep an additional 5 minutes. Strain through a fine mesh and serve warm. The tea may be taken up to three times a day, but it is not recommended for pregnant women because barberry alkaloids can stimulate uterine contractions, nor should it be given to infants without professional guidance (EMA safety summary, 2015).

The root‑bark of Berberis vulgaris is rich in isoquinoline alkaloids—most notably berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine and berbamine—alongside smaller amounts of berberrubine and oxyacanthine (Imanshahidi & Hosseinzadeh, 2016). These alkaloids are well documented to have antimicrobial, anti‑inflammatory, antidiarrheal and cholagogue activities, which correlate with the traditional uses of the decoctions and tinctures (WHO Monographs, 2011). The plant also contains tannins and flavonoids that contribute to astringent properties and to the observed soothing effect on irritated mucous membranes.

Modern research continues to focus on berberine’s pharmacology, with clinical trials examining its role in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism, and standardized extracts of barberry are now sold worldwide as dietary supplements (Imanshahidi & Hosseinzadeh, 2016). The herb remains a staple in several herbal tea blends marketed for digestive health, and many Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners still prepare decoctions of the dried root for the same indications described in historic texts (Zhang et al., 2008). These contemporary applications underscore the enduring relevance of Berberis vulgaris while reinforcing the need for proper dosing and safety awareness.

General Uses Top

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**Common products:**
* **Dye:** The roots and bark contain the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, historically used as a yellow dye for wool and silk (especially when mordanted with chromium salts, yielding yellow-brown), and to a lesser extent for leather.

**Industrial and craft applications:**
* **Dyeing:** The primary industrial use centers on the extraction of berberine and related alkaloids (like oxyacanthine) from roots and bark to produce yellow dyes for textiles. Applications include natural dye recipes for protein fibers (wool, silk) and potentially some simple craft coloring applications.

**Food and beverages (non-medicinal):**
* **Fruit:** The bright red, oblong berries are edible when fully ripe. Their intensely tart flavor makes them primarily suitable for culinary processing rather than fresh consumption. They are used to make jams, jellies, preserves, syrups, confitures, and as a souring agent similar to rhubarb in desserts, sauces, and beverages (non-medicinal cordials and syrups). They are also processed into a fruit wine or used in small quantities as a flavoring in certain foods and beverages.

**Colorants and tanning:**
* **Dyes:** As noted, the berberine-rich roots and bark are the source of natural yellow/orange dyes for textiles. The intense yellow color is due to berberine.
* **Tannins:** Roots and bark contain tannins, used historically as brown dyes for protein fibers and for leather tanning. Alkaloids and tannins contribute to the effectiveness as colorants and tanning agents.

**Wood and fiber:**
* **Wood:** The wood is hard, yellow, and close-grained. While potentially suitable for small turnery or carving items, there is no significant documented commercial timber use.

**Fragrance and cosmetics:**
* There are no documented significant uses of *Berberis vulgaris* in fragrance or cosmetics beyond potential minor use of berry extracts for coloring natural formulations. Established applications are lacking.

**Properties relevant to use:**
* **Dyeing/Tanning:** The high berberine content in roots and bark provides the characteristic yellow color. The presence of significant tannins contributes to brown coloration in tanning and dyeing applications.
* **Edible Fruit:** The berries contain high acidity (tartaric/malic acids) and sugar (primarily glucose and fructose when ripe), giving the characteristic sour flavor used in preserves.

**Sustainability and sourcing:**
* Commercial harvesting of roots and bark for dye/tannin is typically wild-harvested from naturalized populations, particularly in Europe and parts of Asia. Sustainable practices involving selective harvesting of roots without destroying the entire plant are desirable to maintain populations. Cultivation for dye/tannin production is possible but not widely established. The fruit is harvested in late summer/autumn.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Berberis vulgaris var. asperma	Willd.	Berlin. Baumz. : 34 (1796)
Berberis vulgaris var. rubra	Willd.	Berlin. Baumz. : 34 (1796)
Berberis abortiva	P.Renault	Fl. Orne : 179 (1804)
Berberis acida	Gilib.	Exerc. Phyt. 1: 284. 1792
Berberis aethnensis	Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange	Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 901 (1880)
Berberis alba	Poit. & Turpin	Traité Arbr. Fruit. , ed. 3, 2: t. 52 (1808)
Berberis angulizans	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. [Polypet.] (1894) 27.
Berberis apyrena	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 395 (1869)
Berberis arborescens	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 393 (1869)
Berberis articulata	Loisel.	Dict. Sci. Nat. 6: 218 (1806)
Berberis asperma	Poit & Turpin	Traité Arbr. Arbust. , re-issue 4: 12 (1825)
Berberis aurea	Tausch	Flora 17: 495 (1834)
Berberis bigelovii	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 362 (1838)
Berberis corallina	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. [Polypet.] (1894) 27.
Berberis dentata	Tausch	Flora 21: 729 (1838)
Berberis dulcis	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 395. 1869 [Jan 1869]
Berberis dumetorum	Gouan	Fl. Monsp. : 312 (1765)
Berberis edulis	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 395 (1869)
Berberis elongata	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. [Polypet.] (1894) 27.
Berberis globularis	hort. ex Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 13, nomen. 1877
Berberis hakodate	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 3: 117 (1893)
Berberis heterophylla	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 395. 1869 [Jan 1869]
Berberis innominata	Kielm.	Dec. Pl. Horti Tuebing. : 18 (1814)
Berberis irritabilis	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 213 (1796)
Berberis jacquinii	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 394 (1869)
Berberis latifolia	Poit. & Turpin	Pomol. Franç. 2: t. 60. 1846
Berberis marginata	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 394 (1869)
Berberis maxima	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. [Polypet.] (1894) 27.
Berberis maximowiczii	Regel	Gartenflora 21: 238 (1872)
Berberis microphylla	F.Dietr.	Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. ii. 184.
Berberis mitis	Schrad.	Linnaea 10(Litt.): 69 (1836)
Berberis nepalensis	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 393 (1869)
Berberis nitens	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 382 (1838)
Berberis obovata	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 385 (1838)
Berberis orientalis	Schneider	Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 5: 666 (1905)
Berberis pangharengensis	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. [Polypet.] (1894) 29.
Berberis pauciflora	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 213 (1796)
Berberis racemosa	Stokes	Bot. Mat. Med. ii. 296. 1812
Berberis rubra	Poit. & Turpin	Traité Arbr. Fruit. , nouv. éd., 4: 12 (1830)
Berberis sanguinea	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 394. 1869 [Jan 1869]
Berberis sanguinolenta	hort. ex K.Koch	Dendrologie 1: 394 (1869)
Berberis sibirica	hort. ex Schult.f.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 2 (1829)
Berberis sieboldii	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 3: 117 (1893)
Berberis sulcata	K.Koch & C.D.Bouché	App. Gen. Sp. Nov. : 13 (1854)
Berberis sylvestris	Poit. & Turpin	Pomol. Franç. 2: t. 15 (1873)
Berberis violacea	Poit. & Turpin	Traité Arbr. Fruit. , nouv. éd., 4: 12 (1830)
Berberis vulgaris var. acutifolia	(Prantl) C.K.Schneid.
Berberis vulgaris var. alba	DC.	Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 6 (-7). 1821 [late May 1821]
Berberis vulgaris var. alpestris	Rikli
Berberis vulgaris var. apyrena	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 364 1838
Berberis vulgaris subsp. cantabrica	Rivas Mart., T.E.Díaz, Fern.Prieto, Loidi & Penas	Vegetacion Picos de Europa 257 (1984).
Berberis vulgaris var. flava	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 364 1838
Berberis vulgaris var. lutea	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 6 (1821)
Berberis vulgaris var. nigra	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 6 (1821)
Berberis vulgaris var. orientalis	(C.K.Schneid.) Grossh.	Fl. Kavkaza 4: 81 1950
Berberis vulgaris subsp. orientalis	(Schneid.) Takht.	Fl. Erevana : 60 (1972)
Berberis vulgaris var. purpurea	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 6 (1821)
Berberis vulgaris var. purpurifolia	Ahrendt	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 57: 189 1961
Berberis vulgaris var. sanguinea	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 364 1838
Berberis vulgaris var. serotina	Schrad.	Linnaea 12: 364 1838
Berberis vulgaris var. sulcata	Ahrendt	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 57: 188 1961
Berberis vulgaris var. violacea	Willd.	Berlin. Baumz. : 34 (1796)
Berberis dentata var. capitata	Tausch	Flora 21: 729 1838
Berberis vulgaris var. orientalis	Papava
Berberis vulgaris var. innominata	Schult.f.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 2 (1829)
Berberis vulgaris var. ilicifolia	Schult.f.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 2 (1829)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	barberry
English	common barberry
English	european barberry
Spanish	agraciu
Spanish	agranzón
Spanish	agrazón
Spanish	agreilla
Spanish	agrito
Spanish	agruzejo
Spanish	alargiz
Spanish	alarguez
Spanish	alarguiz
Spanish	alguese
Spanish	alrera
Spanish	alro
Spanish	arlera
Spanish	arlo
Spanish	aspalato
Spanish	azota-cristos
Spanish	azote burdo
Spanish	berberiles
Spanish	berberís
Spanish	bérberis
Spanish	berbero
Spanish	bérbero
Spanish	bérberoles
Spanish	bérberos
Spanish	borrachín
Spanish	escabrión
Spanish	espina ramosa
Spanish	espina romaza
Spanish	espino
Spanish	espino berberino
Spanish	espino cambrón
Spanish	garbanzón
Spanish	guindillas ásperas
Spanish	tapaculo
Spanish	vinagrera
Spanish	vinagreras
Spanish	granado
Spanish	abrilla
Spanish	acetín
Spanish	agracejo
Spanish	agracejo oficinal
Spanish	agracillo
Spanish	agracillos
Spanish	agracio
Arabic	شجيرة البرباريس
Arabic	عقدة
Arabic	عود الريح
Arabic	انبرباريس
Arabic	عود ريح مغربي
Azerbaijani	adi zirinc
azb	عادی زیرینج
Belarusian	Барбарыс звычайны
Bulgarian	обикновен кисел трън
Catalan	coralet
Catalan	epine-vinette
Catalan	espinavineta
Catalan	coralets
Czech	dřišťál obecný
Welsh	pren melyn
Danish	almindelig berberis
German	berberitze
German	sauerdorn
German	echte berberitze
German	essigbeere
German	gemeine berberitze, sauerdorn
German	gemeiner sauerdorn
German	gewöhnliche berberitze
German	epine-vinette
German	zitronenbeere
German	hasenbrot
German	basselbeere
German	beiselbeere
German	dreidorn
German	erbsal
German	erbselbeerstrauch
German	erbseldorn
German	erbselholz
German	erbsich
German	essigdorn
German	essigscharf
German	geißenlaub
German	gemeine berberitze
German	kuckucksbrot
German	peisselbeere
German	spießdorn
German	spitzdorn
German	weinäuglein
German	weinlegelein
German	weinscheidling
German	weinzäpferl
Greek	Βερβερίς η κοινή
Greek	Ευρωπαϊκή οξυάκανθα
Esperanto	ordinara berberiso
Estonian	harilik kukerpuu
Estonian	kukerpuu
Persian	زرشک خوراکی
Finnish	ruostehappomarja
French	Épine vinette
French	epine-vinette
French	Épine-vinette
French	Épine-vinette vulgaire
Irish	barbróg
Galician	arleira
Galician	berberiz
Manx	barbrag
Croatian	Šimširika
Croatian	Žutika
Croatian	šimširika
Croatian	žutika
Upper Sorbian	Čerwjene kitki
Upper Sorbian	kisałe jahodki
Upper Sorbian	kisały ćerń
Upper Sorbian	wšědna kisyca
Hungarian	sóskaborbolya
Hungarian	közönséges borbolya
Armenian	ծորենի սովորական
Italian	crespino comune
Italian	crespino
Japanese	セイヨウメギ
Georgian	ჩვეულებრივი კოწახური
Kazakh	Кәдімгі бөріқарақат
lld	berberizia
Lithuanian	paprastasis raugerškis
Lithuanian	epine-vinette
Latvian	parastā bārbele
Macedonian	жолтика
Macedonian	Кисел трн
Macedonian	обична жолтика
Macedonian	кисел трн
Norwegian Bokmål	vanlig berberis
Dutch	gewone zuurbes
Dutch	zuurbes
Polish	berberys pospolity
Polish	berberys zwyczajny
Romanian	dracilă
Russian	Барбарис обыкновенный
Serbo-Croatian	Žutika
Slovak	dráč obyčajný
Slovenian	navadni češmin
Serbian	Шимширика
Serbian	berberidis cortex
Serbian	berberidis fructus
Serbian	berberidis radix
Swedish	surtorn
Swedish	epine-vinette
Telugu	ఎరుపుమణిచెట్టు
Turkish	adi kadıntuzluğu
Turkish	avrupa kadıntuzluğu
Turkish	kızamık çalısı
tt	Гади бүре карлыганы
Ukrainian	Барбарис звичайний
Ukrainian	Кислиця
Uzbek	zirk
Uzbek	qoraqand
vec	grendene
Walloon	bwès sint djuråd
Walloon	bwès sint-djuråd
Chinese	刺小檗
Chinese	刺檗
Chinese	刺黄檗
Chinese	欧洲小檗

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Berberis vulgaris subsp. australis	(Boiss.) Heywood	Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 64: 49. 1961 (1961)
Berberis vulgaris subsp. seroi	O.Bolòs & Vigo	Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38: 165 (1974)
Berberis vulgaris subsp. vulgaris		Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Maintain seeds at a constant 10°C.

wash clean 14 days, plant 2 cm deep

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Morocco

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Middle Asia
  - Uzbekistan
- Western Asia
  - Iran
  - Turkey

Australasia click to expand
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - North European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Great Britain
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - New Brunswick
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Prince Edward Island
  - Québec
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Iowa
  - Kansas
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - North Dakota
  - South Dakota
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Rhode Island
  - Vermont
  - West Virginia
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado
  - Idaho
  - Montana
  - Washington
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Delaware
  - Maryland
  - Virginia
- Western Canada
  - British Columbia
  - Manitoba

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000564027
UNII	492B79913J
Canadensys	3667
USDA Plants	BEVU
Tropicos	3500015
INPN	85774
Flora of Italy	1215
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328527-2
The Plant List	kew-2674612
PFAF	Berberis vulgaris
Open Tree Of Life	996604
Observations.org	6461
NCBI Taxonomy	258209
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000002752
Nature Serve	2.138856
IPNI	328527-2
iNaturalist	75758
GBIF	3033894
Freebase	/m/0br81_
WisFlora	2730
FEIS	plants/shrub/bervul
EPPO	BEBVU
EOL	596556
Elurikkus	3079
Calflora (Californian flora)	10510
USDA GRIN	6992
Wikipedia	Berberis_vulgaris

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_963556465.1	dmBerVulg1.1	Chromosome	WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE	2023-10-17	28	1.21 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

The genome sequence of Berberis vulgaris L.

Ruhsam M

Wellcome Open Res

03-Dec-2024

PMCID:	PMC11803380
doi:	10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23427.1
PMID:	39925663

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Berberis vulgaris (L.) Stem Bark Dry Extract

Ivan IM, Olaru OT, Popovici V, Chițescu CL, Popescu L, Luță EA, Ilie EI, Brașoveanu LI, Hotnog CM, Nițulescu GM, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE

Molecules

29-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085362
doi:	10.3390/molecules29092053
PMID:	38731544

Berberis vulgaris L. Root Extract as a Multi-Target Chemopreventive Agent against Colon Cancer Causing Apoptosis in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines

Och A, Lemieszek MK, Cieśla M, Jedrejek D, Kozłowska A, Pawelec S, Nowak R

Int J Mol Sci

27-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11084310
doi:	10.3390/ijms25094786
PMID:	38732003

The influence of climate change on the future distribution of two Thymus species in Iran: MaxEnt model-based prediction

Hosseini N, Ghorbanpour M, Mostafavi H

BMC Plant Biol

11-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11007882
doi:	10.1186/s12870-024-04965-1
PMID:	38605338

Targeting autophagy with natural products as a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic microangiopathy

Liu F, Zhao L, Wu T, Yu W, Li J, Wang W, Huang C, Diao Z, Xu Y

Front Pharmacol

10-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11039818
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1364616
PMID:	38659578

Bioactive Compounds Formulated in Phytosomes Administered as Complementary Therapy for Metabolic Disorders

Toma L, Deleanu M, Sanda GM, Barbălată T, Niculescu LŞ, Sima AV, Stancu CS

Int J Mol Sci

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11049841
doi:	10.3390/ijms25084162
PMID:	38673748

Cultural vs. State Borders: Plant Foraging by Hawraman and Mukriyan Kurds in Western Iran

Sulaiman N, Salehi F, Prakofjewa J, Cavalleri SA, Ahmed HM, Mattalia G, Rastegar A, Maghsudi M, Amin HM, Rasti A, Hosseini SH, Ghorbani A, Pieroni A, Sõukand R

Plants (Basel)

08-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11013122
doi:	10.3390/plants13071048
PMID:	38611576

Therapeutic effect of curcumin nanoemulsion on cystic echinococcosis in BALB/c mice: a computerized tomography (CT) scan and histopathologic study evaluation

Ghanimatdan M, Sadjjadi SM, Mikaeili F, Teimouri A, Jafari SH, Derakhshanfar A, Hashemi-Hafshejani S

BMC Complement Med Ther

04-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10993536
doi:	10.1186/s12906-024-04451-z
PMID:	38575891

Phytotherapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Narrative Review

Picheta N, Piekarz J, Burdan O, Satora M, Tarkowski R, Kułak K

Int J Mol Sci

28-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11012191
doi:	10.3390/ijms25073796
PMID:	38612606

Phytocompounds targeting epigenetic modulations: an assessment in cancer

Khan A, Khan A, Khan MA, Malik Z, Massey S, Parveen R, Mustafa S, Shamsi A, Husain SA

Front Pharmacol

26-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11002180
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1273993
PMID:	38596245

In vitro activities and mechanisms of action of anti-cancer molecules from African medicinal plants: a systematic review

Adico MD, Bayala B, Zoure AA, Lagarde A, Bazie JT, Traore L, Buñay J, Yonli AT, Djigma F, Bambara HA, Baron S, Simporé J, Lobaccaro JM

Am J Cancer Res

15-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10998760
doi:	10.62347/AUHB5811
PMID:	38590420

Berberine: A natural modulator of immune cells in multiple sclerosis

Yazdanpanah E, Dadfar S, Shadab A, Orooji N, Nemati M, Pazoki A, Esmaeili S, Baharlou R, Haghmorad D

Immun Inflamm Dis

13-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10936236
doi:	10.1002/iid3.1213
PMID:	38477663

Empowering Strategies for Lifestyle Interventions, Diet Modifications, and Environmental Practices for Uterine Fibroid Prevention; Unveiling the LIFE UP Awareness

Vafaei S, Alkhrait S, Yang Q, Ali M, Al-Hendy A

Nutrients

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10975324
doi:	10.3390/nu16060807
PMID:	38542717

Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Pittosporum angustifolium and Terminalia ferdinandiana with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Exploratory Study

Mani J, Johnson J, Hosking H, Schmidt L, Batley R, du Preez R, Broszczak D, Walsh K, Neilsen P, Naiker M

Plants (Basel)

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974205
doi:	10.3390/plants13060807
PMID:	38592847

Berberine modulates cardiovascular diseases as a multitarget-mediated alkaloid with insights into its downstream signals using in silico prospective screening approaches

Almowallad S, Al-Massabi R

Saudi J Biol Sci

11-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10951604
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103977
PMID:	38510527

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines
(+)-Isocorydine	10143	Click to see	341.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220
(+)-Magnoflorine	73337	Click to see	342.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
(6aS)-9-[3-[[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-2-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-1,10-diol	163048204	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869
9-[3-[(6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl)methyl]phenoxy]-2-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-1,10-diol	163048203	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869
Thaliporphine	100020	Click to see	341.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Proaporphines
(2R,4R)-2'-[4-[[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-10,11-dimethoxy-5-methylspiro[5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,12]dodeca-1(12),8,10-triene-2,4'-cyclohexa-2,5-diene]-1'-one	162977106	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC34C=CC(=O)C(=C4)OC5=CC=C(C=C5)CC6C7=CC(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869
Pakistanamine	193238	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Protoberberine alkaloids and derivatives
(14S)-16,17-dimethoxy-5,7-dioxa-13-azapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,8.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2,4(8),9,15(20),16,18-heptaen-14-ol	162905761	Click to see	353.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18360560306
Berberine	2353	Click to see	336.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0192-0561(96)00047-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4016550/ https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200390500768
Berberinol	24974	Click to see	353.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18360560306
Columbamine	72310	Click to see	338.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00804-2 https://doi.org/10.2307/4117899
Palmatine	19009	Click to see	352.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2399 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00804-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.2307/4117899
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
(4aR,16aS)-3,4,4a,5,16a,17,18,19-Octahydro-9,21,22,26-tetramethoxy-4,17-dimethyl-2H-1,24:12,15-dietheno-6,10-metheno-16H-pyrido(2',3':17,18)(1,10)dioxacycloeicosino(2,3,4-ij)isoquinoline	100231	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
(4aS,16aR)-3,4,4a,5,16a,17,18,19-Octahydro-21,26-dimethoxy-4,17-dimethyl-16H-1,24:6,9-dietheno-11,15-metheno-2H-pyrido(2',3':17,18)(1,11)dioxacycloeicosino(2,3,4-ij)isoquinoline-12,22-diol	441064	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
1-Isotetrandrine	5351212	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
20,21,25-Trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo(22.6.2.23,6.18,12.114,18.027,31.022,33)hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8,10,12(34),18,20,22(33),24,26,31-dodecaen-9-ol	10170	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099540
6,6'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethylberbaman-7,12-diol	98409	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
6,6'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyloxyacanthan-7,12'-diol	122728	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=CC(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)O3)O)O)OC	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
6,6',7,12'-Tetramethoxy-2,2'-dimethyloxyacanthan	284692	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Aromoline	362574	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=CC(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)O3)O)O)OC	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Berbamine	275182	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)O)OC	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200390500768 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099540 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220
Calafatimine	442184	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=C(C(=C(C=C4)OC)OC5=CC=C(CC6=NCCC7=CC(=C(O3)C=C76)OC)C=C5)OC)OC)OC	636.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2399
Cannabisin G	10438919	Click to see	624.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2443
CID 12300053	12300053	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220 https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Isosinomenine A	5422	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Isotetrandrine, (+)-	457825	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Macolidine	5320261	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Oxyacanthine	442333	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0192-0561(96)00047-1 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2399 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18360560306
Oxycanthine	371257	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=CC(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)O3)O)OC)OC	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18360560306
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Aryltetralin lignans / 9,9p-dihydroxyaryltetralin lignans
(+)-Lyoniresinol	11711453	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C(C(CC3=CC(=C(C(=C23)OC)O)OC)CO)CO	420.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2443
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid	619166	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)-	521518	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Oleanolic Acid	10494	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Pregnane steroids / Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
[(3R,5S,8S,9S,10S,11R,13R,14S,17R)-17-ethenyl-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl] acetate	25180961	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(CCC2C3C1C4(CCC(CC4CC3)O)C)C=C)C	360.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579163
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	122544	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
2-[[17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	73072970	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
Stigmasterol Glucoside	6602508	Click to see	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000033929.60336.BB
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
3-{[3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy}-1,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid	348159	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Chlorogenic Acid	1794427	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Diarylethers
(1S,15R)-10,21,22,26-tetramethoxy-16,31-dimethyl-8,24-dioxa-16,31-diazaheptacyclo[23.6.2.13,7.19,13.115,19.028,32.023,34]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6,9,11,13(35),19,21,23(34),25,27,32-dodecaene	161604992	Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC(=CC=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)OC)OC	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzazepines
(3S)-3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-17,19-dioxa-11-azapentacyclo[12.7.0.03,11.04,9.016,20]henicosa-1(21),4(9),5,7,14,16(20)-hexaene-2,10-dione	14355601	Click to see	383.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
12balpha-Hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-9,10-dimethoxy-8H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-h]isoindolo[1,2-b][3]benzazepine-8,13(12bH)-dione	25764129	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C3(C(=O)C4=CC5=C(C=C4CCN3C2=O)OCO5)O)OC	383.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Chilenine	11025386	Click to see	383.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives
793JX7VC6J	457914	Click to see	321.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2399
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Benzylisoquinolines
(1S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-((4-(2-hydroxy-5-(((1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl)phenoxy)phenyl)methyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-7-isoquinolinol	440585	Click to see	596.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220
3-[4-[[(1S)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde	102267542	Click to see	638.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
3-[4-[[6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde	163023865	Click to see	638.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097869 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
4-[(R)-hydroxy-[(1S)-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]benzene-1,2-diol	162901580	Click to see	522.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00631010
Bargustanine	73813822	Click to see	522.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00631010
methyl 3-[4-[[(1S)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxybenzoate	11308369	Click to see	668.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Tejedine	72795147	Click to see	668.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Thaligrisine	10031670	Click to see	610.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Isoquinolones and derivatives
2,9,10-Trimethoxy-5,6-dihydroisoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinolin-3-one	10065647	Click to see	337.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165220 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19951034 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00804-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
3,4-Dihydro-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone	89048	Click to see	207.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
Oxyberberine	11066	Click to see	351.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00121-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Paprazine	5372945	Click to see	283.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2443
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)Prop-2-Enoic Acid	2518	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin	5281416	Click to see	178.14	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-3-O-glycosides
Chrysanthemin	44256715	Click to see	449.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579163
Petunidin 3-Glucoside	443651	Click to see	479.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579163
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-5-O-glycosides
(2S,4S,5S)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	44256620	Click to see	595.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579163
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	51402807	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxyhexopyranoside	5353915	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Hyperoside	5281643	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Quercitrin	5280459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837
Vitamin P	5293655	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579837

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Berberis vulgaris

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