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Festuca rubra

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644030a114ac7112649789
Scientific name Festuca rubra
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 74 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Unfortunately, reliable ethnobotanical records specific to *Festuca rubra* L. do not document traditional medicinal or culinary preparations like teas, decoctions, tinctures, macerations, or poultices across cultures. Monographs such as "Medicinal Plants of the World" (Van Wyk & Wink) and databases like NAPRALERT lack entries for *Festuca rubra* in this context. Ethnobotanical surveys from regions where the grass occurs, such as those compiled in "Ethnobotany of the Northern Rockies" (Turner et al.) and "An Ethnobotany of British Columbia" (Pojar & MacKinnon), similarly provide no evidence of its preparation or use by Indigenous peoples like the Blackfoot, Cree, or Nlaka'pamux. While *Festuca rubra* is ecologically significant as a forage and soil stabilizer, its documented utility historically centers on pastoralism rather than human consumption or medicine.

**No verifiable traditional uses, preparations, or constituents related to infusions, decoctions, tinctures, macerations, or poultices have been recorded for *Festuca rubra* in reliable sources.**

General Uses Top

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Common products:
• Pasture and hay mixtures for livestock.
• Turfgrass seed for lawns, parks, sports fields, and golf courses.
• Revegetation seed for restoration and erosion control.
Industrial and craft applications:
• Live staking and brush layering for soil and slope stabilization in restoration work.
• Vegetated geotextiles and swale stabilization in green infrastructure.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Not used as a food or beverage ingredient.
Colorants and tanning:
• Not used for dyes or tannins.
Wood and fiber:
• Not used as a timber, fiber, or gum/resin source.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
• No recorded fragrance or cosmetic uses.
Properties relevant to use:
• Cool-season growth habit and drought tolerance support turf and forage performance.
• Deep, fibrous root system and bunchgrass morphology enhance soil binding and erosion control.
• Salt and moderate heavy-metal tolerance enable use on salted roadsides and contaminated sites.
Standards and regulation:
• Seed certification follows national schemes (e.g., AOSA/AAST, OECD, EU regulations) for cultivar identity and purity.
• Golf turf is managed under agronomic guidelines rather than specific technical standards.
Sustainability and sourcing:
• Widely sourced from temperate regions; long-lived stands can reduce reseeding inputs.
• Used in low-input systems, including roadsides and restoration sites, and in mixtures to extend stand persistence across climatic zones.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Avena dura Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 22 (1796)
Bromus glaucus Spreng. Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 170. 1827 [1 Oct-27 Nov 1827]
Bromus secundus J.Presl Reliq. Haenk. 1: 263 (1830)
Festuca alpestris Wulfen Fl. Norica Phan. : 151 (1858)
Festuca alpigena Hoppe Flora 1: 329 (1818)
Festuca ammobia Pavlick Phytologia 82: 77 (1997)
Festuca arenaria Retz. Fl. Scand. Prodr. , Suppl. 1: 4 (1805)
Festuca arenaria Osbeck Utkast Fl. Hall. : 8 (1788)
Festuca arundinacea Vill. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 1: 262 (1786)
Festuca askelofiana Schult. Mant. 2: 394 (1824)
Festuca atlantigena (Litard.) Romo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 16: 338 (1986)
Festuca aucta V.I.Krecz. & Bobr. Fl. URSS 2: 767 (1934)
Festuca aurasiaca Trab. Fl. Algérie , Monocot.: 215 (1895)
Festuca baicalensis V.I.Krecz. & Bobr. Fl. URSS 2: 768 (1934)
Festuca balearica Zuccagni Cent. Observ. Pl. 1: 13 (1806)
Festuca baltica Homann ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 654 (1823)
Festuca briquetii St.-Yves Rev. Bretonne Bot. Pure Appl. 2: 53 (1927)
Festuca cambrica Huds. Fl. Angl. , ed. 2: 45 (1778)
Festuca clarkei (Stapf) B.S.Sun Fl. Yunnanica 9: 251 (2003)
Festuca communis Petif Enum. Pl. Fl. Palat. : 12 (1830)
Festuca daghestanica (Tzvelev) E.B.Alexeev Ovsyanitsy Kavkaza : 77 (1980)
Festuca densiuscula (Hack. ex Piper) E.B.Alexeev Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. , n.s., 87(2): 113 (1982)
Festuca dumetorum Hegetschw. Fl. Schweiz : 92 (1838)
Festuca dumetorum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 109 (1762)
Festuca duriuscula L. Sp. Pl. : 74 (1753)
Festuca duriuscula O.F.Müll. Fl. Dan. : t. 848 (1782)
Festuca duriuscula var. rubra (L.) Alph.Wood Amer. Bot. Fl. 2: 399. 1871
Festuca egena V.I.Krecz. & Bobr. Fl. URSS 2: 769 (1934)
Festuca eriantha Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42: 135 (1928)
Festuca fallax Thuill. Fl. Env. Paris , ed. 2: 50 (1799)
Festuca fallax f. longifolia Zapal. Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 67. 1906
Festuca font-queri (Litard.) Romo Willdenowia 16: 115 (1986)
Festuca glabra Lightf. Fl. Scot. 2: 1085 (1777)
Festuca glauca Planellas ex Willk. & Lange Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 95 (1861)
Festuca glaucescens Hegetschw. Fl. Schweiz : 93 (1838)
Festuca halleri Pucc. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1: 121 (1844)
Festuca helgolandica Patzke Decheniana 117: 195 (1964)
Festuca heterophylla var. subheterophylla (Nyar.) Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 117 (1971 publ. 1972)
Festuca iberica subsp. yvesiana (Litard. & Maire) Dobignard & Portal J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 28: 53 (2004)
Festuca inopoda Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 793 (1866)
Festuca kirelowii Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 306 (1854)
Festuca kitaibeliana Schult. Mant. 2: 398 (1824)
Festuca lanuginosa Scheele Flora 27: 63 (1844)
Festuca longifolia Hegetschw. Fl. Schweiz : 91 (1838)
Festuca michiganica E.B.Alexeev Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. , n.s., 87(2): 116 (1982)
Festuca musashiensis Honda J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 47 (1930)
Festuca nankotaizanensis (Ohwi) Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 151 (1937)
Festuca niitakensis (Ohwi) Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 151 (1937)
Festuca oregona Vasey Bot. Gaz. 2: 126 (1877)
Festuca ovina subsp. duriuscula (L.) Kozlowska Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat. 1925: 332. (1925)
Festuca ovina subsp. rubra (L.) Hook.f. Student. Fl. Brit. Isl. ed. 3: 497. 1884 (1884)
Festuca ovina var. duriuscula Macloskie Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 237. 1904
Festuca ovina var. psammophila Kozlowska Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. 1925: 335.
Festuca ovina var. rubra (L.) Sm. Engl. Fl. 1: 139. 1829
Festuca pallidiuscula Gand. Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 35 (1883)
Festuca paucispiculata Howarth ex St.-Yves Candollea 4: 305 (1931)
Festuca planifolia (Hack.) Fritsch Excursionsfl. Oesterreich : 65 (1897)
Festuca pluriflora D.M.Chang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 101 (1978)
Festuca polonica Zapał. Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math. 1904: 302 (1904)
Festuca polyantha Hall.f. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. : 338 (1821)
Festuca pratensis Schreb. Spic. Fl. Lips. : 57 (1771)
Festuca pseudonemorum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 794 (1866)
Festuca pseudorubra Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 794 (1866)
Festuca pseudorubra var. subhomophylla Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 794. 1866
Festuca pseudovina var. salina Hack. ex Wiesb. Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18(3-4): 373. 1973
Festuca pubescens Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. , Suppl.: 6 (1814)
Festuca repens Knapp Gram. Brit. : t. 119 (1804)
Festuca repens Hegetschw. Fl. Schweiz : 92 (1838)
Festuca richardsonii subsp. fraterculae (Rasm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Acta Horti Gothob. 20: 103. 1956 (1956)
Festuca rivularis subsp. pseudorivularis (Markgr.-Dann.) H.Scholz Willdenowia 23: 116 (1993)
Festuca rubra f. alpestris Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. 142 1882
Festuca rubra f. glabra Auquier Lejeunia , n.s., 57: 17 (1971)
Festuca rubra f. glabrispicula St.-Yves & Litard. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 55: 112 1922
Festuca rubra f. grandiflora (Hack.) Beldie Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 522 (1972)
Festuca rubra f. longifolia (Zapał.) Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 117 (1971 publ. 1972)
Festuca rubra f. megastachya (Gaudin) Holmb. Skand. Fl. 2: 236 1926
Festuca rubra f. pseudovivipara Pavlick Phytologia 57: 5 (1985)
Festuca rubra f. psilolemma Pavlick Phytologia 57: 7 (1985)
Festuca rubra f. squarrosa (Fr. & Hartm.) Holmb. Skand. Fl. 2: 236 1926
Festuca rubra f. subheterophylla (Nyar.) Beldie Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 523 (1972)
Festuca rubra subsp. arenaria (Osbeck) F.Aresch. Skanes Fl. : 197 (1866)
Festuca rubra subsp. arenicola E.B.Alexeev Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. , n.s., 87(2): 115 (1982)
Festuca rubra subsp. aucta (V.I.Krecz. & Bobrov) Hultén Fl. Alaska Yukon : 246 (1942)
Festuca rubra subsp. baicalensis (Griseb.) Tzvelev Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 56: 1254 (1971)
Festuca rubra subsp. clarkei (Stapf) St.-Yves Candollea 3: 398. 1928 (1928)
Festuca rubra subsp. daghestanica Tzvelev Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 92 (1973)
Festuca rubra subsp. densiuscula Hack. ex Piper Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 22 (1906)
Festuca rubra subsp. dumetorum (L.) F.Aresch. Skanes Fl. 197. 1866
Festuca rubra subsp. duriuscula (L.) Syme Engl. Bot. ed. 3, 11: 145 1873
Festuca rubra subsp. fallax (Thuill.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 827. 1882 (1882)
Festuca rubra subsp. font-queri Litard. Candollea 10: 133. 1945 (1945)
Festuca rubra subsp. fraterculae (Rasm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 128: 498 (1975 publ. 1976)
Festuca rubra subsp. glaucodea Piper Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 22 (1906)
Festuca rubra subsp. juncea (Hack.) Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17(1-2): 117. 1972 [1971 publ. 1972]
Festuca rubra subsp. kirelowii (Steud.) Tzvelev Fl. Severo-Vostoka Evropeiskoi Chasti SSSR 1: 180 (1974)
Festuca rubra subsp. kitaibeliana (Schult.) Piper Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 23 (1906)
Festuca rubra subsp. lanuginosa (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Piper Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 23 (1906)
Festuca rubra subsp. limosa E.B.Alexeev Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. , n.s., 92(5): 125 (1987)
Festuca rubra subsp. litoralis (G.Mey.) Auquier Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 36: 191. 1968 (1968)
Festuca rubra subsp. mediana (Pavlick) Pavlick Phytologia 82: 77 (1997)
Festuca rubra subsp. megastachya (Gaudich.) Piper Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 10: 21 1906
Festuca rubra subsp. pluriflora N.R.Cui Claves Pl. Xinjiang. 1: 112 (1982)
Festuca rubra subsp. pruinosa (Hack.) Piper Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 22 (1906)
Festuca rubra subsp. pseudorivularis Markgr.-Dann. Willdenowia 11: 206 (1981)
Festuca rubra subsp. scotica S.Cunn. ex Al-Bermani Watsonia 18: 315 (1991)
Festuca rubra subsp. secunda (J.Presl) Pavlick Phytologia 57: 6 (1985)
Festuca rubra subsp. thessalica Markgr.-Dann. Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 56: 144 (1976)
Festuca rubra subsp. vallicola (Rydb.) Pavlick Phytologia 56: 13 (1985)
Festuca rubra subsp. villosa (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) S.L.Liou Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 83 (2002)
Festuca rubra subsp. yvesiana (Litard. & Maire) O.Bolòs & Vigo Fl. Països Catalans 4: 345 (2001)
Festuca rubra var. alaica Drobow Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 135. 1916
Festuca rubra var. arenaria (Osbeck) Fr. Fl. Hall. : 28 (1819)
Festuca rubra var. atlantigena Litard. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 117 (1938)
Festuca rubra var. baicalensis Griseb. Fl. Ross. 4: 352 1852
Festuca rubra var. barbata Hack. in Hultén Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 139 (1882)
Festuca rubra var. cambrica (Huds.) Sm. Engl. Fl. 1: 142 1824
Festuca rubra var. clarkei Stapf Fl. Brit. India 7: 353 (1896)
Festuca rubra var. commutata Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 287 1828
Festuca rubra var. densiuscula Piper Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 10: 22. 1906 (1906)
Festuca rubra var. diversifolia Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 288. 1828 (1828)
Festuca rubra var. duriuscula Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 289 1828
Festuca rubra var. fallax (Thuill.) Hack. Bot. Centralbl. 8: 407. 1881
Festuca rubra var. fraterculae Rasm. Nyt Mag. Naturvidensk. 66: 110 1927
Festuca rubra var. glabrata Hultén Fl. Alaska Yukon : 246 (1942)
Festuca rubra var. hondoensis Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 51. 1936
Festuca rubra subsp. juncea (Hack.) K.Richt. Pl. Eur. 1: 99. 1890 (1890)
Festuca rubra var. lanuginosa Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 654 (1823)
Festuca rubra var. litoralis G.Mey. Chloris Han. 621. 1836
Festuca rubra var. littoralis Vasey in Beal Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 607. 1896
Festuca rubra var. magnelii (Lit.) Auquier Lejeunia , n.s., 57: 17 (1971)
Festuca rubra var. mediana Pavlick Phytologia 57: 8 (1985)
Festuca rubra var. megastachya Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 287. 1828 (1828)
Festuca rubra var. musakiensis (Honda) Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 112. 1941
Festuca rubra var. mutica Holmb. Handb. Skand. Fl. ed. 3: 27. 1838
Festuca rubra var. nankotaizanensis Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 52. 1936
Festuca rubra var. niitakensis Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 52. 1936
Festuca rubra var. pacifica Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 2. 1935
Festuca rubra var. paludicola Kom. Fl. Kamtschatka 1: 188. 1927
Festuca rubra var. pauciflora Scribn. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 28: 123 (1893)
Festuca rubra var. planifolia Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. 140. 1882
Festuca rubra var. radnensis Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 117 (1971 publ. 1972)
Festuca rubra var. secunda Scribn. Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 10: 39 (1899)
Festuca rubra var. squarrosa Fr. & Hartm. Handb. Skand. Fl. 60 1820
Festuca rubra var. stapfiana St.-Yves Candollea 3: 398. 1928
Festuca rubra var. tenuifolia (Howarth) Howarth J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 46: 317 1924
Festuca rubra var. yvesiana Litard. & Maire Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 4: 25 (1927)
Festuca salina Natho & Stohr Feddes Repert. 88: 418 (1977)
Festuca septiflora Honck. Verz. Gew. Teutschl. : 268 (1782)
Festuca siracusana Jan ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 632 (1840)
Festuca steineri Patzke Decheniana 117: 195 (1964)
Festuca subcontorta Gand. Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 35 (1883)
Festuca unifaria Dumort. Observ. Gramin. Belg. : 104 (1824)
Festuca vallicola Rydb. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 57 (1900)
Festuca vaudensis Rouy Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 205. 1913 [Apr 1913]
Festuca villiflora Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 313 (1854)
Festuca viridis Panz. ex Schult. Mant. 2: 397 (1824)
Festuca waldsteinii Degen Fl. Veleb. 1: 549 (1936)
Festuca yvesiana (Litard. & Maire) Romo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 16: 339 (1986)
Gramen rubrum E.H.L.Krause Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 331 (1914)
Poa tenuifolia var. oregona (Vasey) Vasey Descr. Cat. Grass. U.S. : 85 (1885)
Schedonorus dumetorum P.Beauv. Ess. Agrostogr. : 99 (1812)
Festuca limosa (E.B.Alexeev) Prob. Fl. Ross. Dal'nego Vostoka : 369 (2006)
Festuca rubra subsp. eriantha (Honda) Kuvaev Fl. Subarkt. Gor Evraz. : 77 (2006)
Festuca rubra var. glabra Trautv. Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 135 (1877)
Festuca rubra subsp. glabra (Trautv.) Kuvaev Fl. Subarkt. Gor Evraz. : 77 (2006)
Festuca iberica subsp. atlantigena (Litard.) Dobignard & Portal Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 1: 416 (2010)
Festuca pruinosa (Hack.) Patzke Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 121 (2010)
Festuca alexeevii Tzvelev Botanika (Minsk) 39: 121 (2010)
Festuca rubra var. scabrescens (Hack. ex Trab.) St.-Yves Candollea 1: 17 1905
Festuca rubra var. juncea (Hack.) P.Fourn. Fl. Ill. France 585 1928
Festuca rubra var. multiflora Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner]. 2(1): 499. 1900
Festuca rubra var. rubra L. Flora Helvetica 1 1828
Festuca ovina var. duriuscula (L.) Hack. Monographia Festucarum Europearum 1882
Festuca rubra var. vulgaris St.-Yves Candollea 3: 402 1928
Festuca richardsonii subsp. cryophila (V.I.Krecz. & Bobrov) Á.Löve & D.Löve
Festuca rubra var. densiuscula (Hack. ex Piper) Hitchc. Candollea 1: 55. 1922
Festuca rubra subsp. subheterophylla Nyár.
Festuca salina Kern. ex Hack.
Festuca rubra var. biacalensis Griseb.
Festuca fallace f. longifolia Zapater
Festuca rubra var. megastachys Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 287 1828
Festuca dumetorum f. planifolia (Hack.) Druce Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1914: 174 1915
Festuca duriuscula var. dumetorum (L.) Huds. Fl. Angl. éd. 2: 45. 1778
Festuca duriuscula var. rubra Parnell Grass. Scotland 1(1): 131, t. 60 1842
Festuca juncifolia var. planifolia (Hack.) Druce List Brit. Pl. (ed. 2) 132 1928
Festuca rubra f. littoralis Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 139 (1882)
Festuca rubra f. dasyphylla (Hack.) Reverd. Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 3-4: 10 (1928)
Festuca rubra f. caespitosa Reverd. Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 3-4: 13 (1928)
Festuca rubra f. pilosa Beldie Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 522 (1972)
Festuca rubra subvar. grandiflora Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 139 (1882)
Festuca rubra subvar. pruinosa Hack. Rep. Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1884: 119 (1885)
Festuca rubra subvar. dasyphylla Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 140 (1882)
Festuca rubra var. glaucescens Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 139 (1882)
Festuca alexeevii var. villispiculata Tzvelev Botanika (Minsk) 39: 121 (2010)
Festuca baicalensis var. tjulinae Tzvelev Botanika (Minsk) 39: 121 (2010)
Festuca unifaria var. izhorica Tzvelev Botanika (Minsk) 39: 122 (2010)
Festuca rubra var. atrata Reverd. Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 3-4: 11 (1928)
Festuca rubra subsp. commutata Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 287 (1828)
Festuca rubra f. megastachys (Gaudin) Holmb. Skand. Fl. 2: 236 1926
Festuca scabrescens (Hack. ex Trab.) Batt. & Trab. Fl. Algerie Tunisic 384 1904
Festuca rubra subsp. sochondinensis Galanin Fl. Daurii 2: 85 (2009)
Festuca rubra var. villosa Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 653 (1823)
Festuca rubra subvar. densiuscula (Hack. ex Piper) St.-Yves Candollea 2: 240 (1925)
Festuca ovina subsp. major G.Mey. Chloris Han. : 620 (1836)
Festuca gallica Gand. Fl. Eur. 25: 320 (1891)
Festuca dumetorum var. caesia Fr. Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 3: 7 (1842)
Festuca communis var. rubra (L.) Petif Enum. Pl. Fl. Palat. : 12 (1830)
Festuca duriuscula var. nemoralis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 648 (1823)
Festuca dumetorum var. rubra (L.) Chaub. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 19: 47 (1853)
Festuca duriuscula var. vivipara Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 649 (1823)
Festuca duriuscula var. subvillosa Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 648 (1823)
Festuca cambrica var. glabra (Lightf.) Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 123 (1821 publ. 1822)
Festuca rubra var. hirta Regel Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1862: 27 (1862)
Festuca rubra var. major Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 1: 139 (1825)
Festuca rubra var. nemoralis Wimm. & Grab. Fl. Siles. 1: 88 (1827)
Festuca rubra var. latifolia Klett & Richt. Fl. Leipzig : 99 (1830)
Festuca rubra var. pubiflora N.H.F.Desp. Fl. Sarthe : 324 (1838)
Festuca rubra var. subvillosa Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 654 (1823)
Festuca rubra var. glauca Regel Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1862: 27 (1862)
Festuca rubra var. pratensis Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. : 39 (1830)
Festuca polymorpha var. rubra (L.) De Moor Traité Gram., Céréales et Fourrages : 111 (1854)
Festuca rubra var. muramatsui Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 1: 66 (1932)
Festuca rubra var. cinerea Heynh. Nom. Bot. Hort. : 332 (1840)
Festuca rubra var. abbreviata Wimm. & Grab. Fl. Siles. 1: 89 (1827)
Festuca rubra var. maritima Bréb. Fl. Normandie : 375 (1835)
Festuca rubra var. hirsuta Klett & Richt. Fl. Leipzig : 99 (1830)
Festuca rubra subvar. glaucocerata Litard. Agron. Lusit. 14: 36 (1952)
Festuca rubra subvar. villiflora Hack. Monogr. Festuc. Eur. : 140 (1882)
Festuca rubra prol. vaudensis Rouy Fl. France 14: 205 (1913)
Festuca rubra f. villosissima St.-Yves Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 122 (1924)
Festuca rubra subvar. neyrautii St.-Yves Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 122 (1924)
Festuca rubra subvar. velutina St.-Yves Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 124 (1924)
Festuca rubra var. altaica Reverd. Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 1928(3-4): 11 (1928)
Festuca rubra var. caulispicula Enustsch. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 48: 52 (2017)
Festuca subglaucescens Tzvelev Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 46: 234 (2015)
Festuca dumetorum prol. arenaria (Osbeck) Rouy Fl. France 14: 203 (1913)
Festuca dumetorum var. nemorum Blytt Norges Fl. 1: 145 (1861)
Festuca dumetorum var. scopulorum Blytt Norges Fl. 1: 145 (1861)
Festuca rubra var. pascua Andersson Pl. Scand. 2: 20 (1852)
Festuca rubra var. scopulorum Andersson Pl. Scand. 2: 21 (1852)
Festuca duriuscula var. collina Andersson Pl. Scand. 2: 22 (1852)
Festuca duriuscula var. pratensis Andersson Pl. Scand. 2: 22 (1852)
Festuca duriuscula var. glaucescens Andersson Pl. Scand. 2: 22 (1852)
Festuca rubra subf. subheterophylla Nyár. Kv. Fl. : 77 (1941)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Language Common/alternative name
English red fescue
Arabic فستوكة أطراف الأطلس
Arabic فستوكة حمراء
Belarusian аўсяніца чырвоная
Belarusian мурожніца
Belarusian аўсюг
Bulgarian червена власатка
Catalan fétuque rouge
Czech kostřava červená
Welsh peiswellt chewing
Welsh peiswellt coch
Danish rød svingel
German rot-schwingel
German gewöhnlicher rot-schwingel
German fétuque rouge
Estonian punane aruhein
Persian علف بره قرمز
Finnish punanata
French fétuque rouge
Irish feisciú dearg
Upper Sorbian Čerwjena dornica
Hungarian veres csenkesz
Hungarian vörös csenkesz
Icelandic túnvingull
Japanese オオウシノケグサ
Cornish powswelsen rudh
Lithuanian fétuque rouge
Lithuanian raudonasis eraičinas
Latvian sarkanā auzene
Macedonian Црвен виук
mn Улаан ботууль
Norwegian Bokmål vegrødsvingel
Norwegian Bokmål rødsvingel
Dutch roodzwenkgras
Dutch rood zwenkgras
Norwegian Nynorsk raudsvingel
Polish kostrzewa czerwonawa
Polish kostrzewa czerwona
Russian Овсяница красная
Slovenian rdeča bilnica
Swedish rödsvingel
Swedish vanlig rödsvingel
Swedish bågsvingel
Swedish daggsvingel
Swedish fétuque rouge
Swedish fjällsvingel
Swedish jätterödsvingel
Swedish marsksvingel
Swedish tuvsvingel
Ukrainian Костриця червона
Chinese 紫羊茅

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Azores
      • Canary Islands
      • Madeira
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Morocco
  • Antarctica
    • Subantarctic Islands
      • Amsterdam-St.Paul Islands
      • Crozet Islands
      • Falkland Islands
      • Kerguelen
      • Marion-Prince Edward
      • South Georgia
      • Tristan Da Cunha
  • Asia-temperate
    • Arabian Peninsula
      • Yemen
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Qinghai
      • Tibet
      • Xinjiang
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
      • Uzbekistan
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Magadan
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • Tuva
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
    • Western Asia
      • Afghanistan
      • Iran
      • Iraq
      • Turkey
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • East Himalaya
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • West Himalaya
  • Australasia
    • Australia
      • New South Wales
      • South Australia
      • Tasmania
      • Victoria
      • Western Australia
    • New Zealand
      • Antipodean Islands
      • Chatham Islands
      • New Zealand North
      • New Zealand South
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • Krym
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Føroyar
      • Great Britain
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Svalbard
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Sicilia
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Corse
      • France
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Labrador
      • New Brunswick
      • Newfoundland
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
      • Prince Edward Island
      • Québec
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Northeast
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Maryland
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona
      • California
      • Nevada
      • Utah
    • Subarctic America
      • Alaska
      • Aleutian Islands
      • Greenland
      • Northwest Territorie
      • Nunavut
      • Yukon
    • Western Canada
      • Alberta
      • British Columbia
      • Manitoba
      • Saskatchewan
  • Southern America
    • Central America
      • Costa Rica
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northwest
      • Argentina South
      • Chile Central
      • Chile South
    • Western South America
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000871854
Canadensys 7672
Tropicos 25512055
Flora of Italy 7264
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60442267-2
The Plant List kew-416535
Open Tree Of Life 371717
NCBI Taxonomy 859837
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000002515
IPNI 60442267-2
iNaturalist 236037
GBIF 6312922
Freebase /m/043qdwj
EOL 1294025
USDA GRIN 103637
Wikipedia Festuca_rubra_subsp._commutata
UNII R3I3NZ3CN3
Flora of Alabama 4829
Canadensys 7669
USDA Plants FERU2
Tropicos 25509643
INPN 98512
Flora of Italy 7261
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010036-2
The Plant List kew-416502
Open Tree Of Life 202297
Observations.org 6790
NCBI Taxonomy 52153
NBN Atlas NHMSYS0000458790
Nature Serve 2.152885
IPNI 30010036-2
iNaturalist 61061
GBIF 2704922
Freebase /m/02rt44j
WisFlora 3625
FEIS plants/graminoid/fesrub
EPPO FESRU
EOL 1114407
Elurikkus 4753
Calflora (Californian flora) 3586
USDA GRIN 16718
Wikipedia Festuca_rubra

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Editorial: Plants surviving in extreme environment: harnessing soil-plant–microbial relationship to enhance crop health and productivity Chandra P, Egamberdieva D, Basak N, Rai AK, Sonth B Front Microbiol 25-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11080980
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1388802
PMID:38725690
Simple, inexpensive, and rapid approach to detect changes in the structure of soil free-living nematodes Semprucci F, Catani L, Grassi E, Jakubcsiková M, Čerevková A Helminthologia 23-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11038259
doi:10.2478/helm-2024-0001
PMID:38659464
Effect of plant edges strips on the conservation soil properties in modern farming field Šarūnaitė L, Arlauskienė A, Jablonskytė-Raščė D PLoS One 16-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11020931
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299104
PMID:38625970
A dataset for fine-grained seed recognition Yuan M, Lv N, Dong Y, Hu X, Lu F, Zhan K, Shen J, Wu X, Zhu L, Xie Y Sci Data 06-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC10998916
doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03176-5
PMID:38582756
Pooled DNA sequencing in hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) reveals QTL for seed dormancy but not pod dehiscence Tilhou N, Kissing Kucek L, Carr B, Douglas J, Englert J, Ali S, Raasch J, Bhamidimarri S, Mirsky S, Monteros MJ, Hayes R, Riday H Front Plant Sci 04-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11024373
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1384596
PMID:38638346
Transcriptomic analysis of the response of Avena sativa to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DGL1 Yang X, Xie Y, Wang T, Qiao Y, Li J, Wu L, Gao Y Front Microbiol 03-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11022965
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1321989
PMID:38633698
Contribution to the characterization of the seed endophyte microbiome of Argania spinosa across geographical locations in Central Morocco using metagenomic approaches Sohaib H, Fays M, Khatib A, Rivière J, El Aouad N, Desoignies N Front Microbiol 25-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11005822
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1310395
PMID:38601940
Symbiotic fungi from a wild grass (Celtica gigantea) increase the growth, grain yield and quality of tritordeum under field conditions Zabalgogeazcoa I, Arellano JB, Mellado-Ortega E, Barro F, Martínez-Castilla A, González-Blanco V, Vázquez de Aldana BR AoB Plants 15-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11005784
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plae013
PMID:38601215
Extreme environments simplify reassembly of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Šibanc N, Clark DR, Helgason T, Dumbrell AJ, Maček I mSystems 20-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10949450
doi:10.1128/msystems.01331-23
PMID:38376262
Three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) and Acaulospora gedanensis revised Niezgoda P, Błaszkowski J, Błaszkowski T, Stanisławczyk A, Zubek S, Milczarski P, Malinowski R, Meller E, Malicka M, Goto BT, Uszok S, Casieri L, Magurno F Front Microbiol 12-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10896085
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1320014
PMID:38410392
Anti-herbivory defences delivered by Epichloë fungal endophytes: a quantitative review of alkaloid concentration variation among hosts and plant parts Realini FM, Escobedo VM, Ueno AC, Bastías DA, Schardl CL, Biganzoli F, Gundel PE Ann Bot 06-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC11037487
doi:10.1093/aob/mcae014
PMID:38320313
The Orophilous Shrubby Vegetation of the Juniperetalia hemisphaericae Order in Sicily: A Refuge Habitat for Many Endemic Vascular Species Sciandrello S, Giusso del Galdo G Plants (Basel) 31-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10857485
doi:10.3390/plants13030423
PMID:38337957
Death and Dying: Grapevine Survival, Cold Hardiness, and BLUPs and Winter BLUEs in North Dakota Vineyards Köse B, Svyantek A, Kadium VR, Brooke M, Auwarter C, Hatterman-Valenti H Life (Basel) 25-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10889910
doi:10.3390/life14020178
PMID:38398687
Ecophysiological response of Populus alba L. to multiple stress factors during the revitalisation of coal fly ash lagoons at different stages of weathering Kostić O, Jarić S, Pavlović D, Matić M, Radulović N, Mitrović M, Pavlović P Front Plant Sci 10-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10805861
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1337700
PMID:38269133
Soil Seed Banks and Their Relation to Soil Properties in Hilly Landscapes Skuodienė R, Matyžiūtė V, Šiaudinis G Plants (Basel) 29-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10781063
doi:10.3390/plants13010104
PMID:38202412

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Ergoline and derivatives / Lysergic acids and derivatives / Ergopeptines
(6aR,9R)-N-[(1S)-2-hydroxy-7-(2-methylpropyl)-5,8-dioxo-4-propan-2-yl-3-oxa-6,9-diazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodecan-4-yl]-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide 441288 Click to see CC(C)CC1C(=O)N2CCCC2C3(N1C(=O)C(O3)(C(C)C)NC(=O)C4CN(C5CC6=CNC7=CC=CC(=C67)C5=C4)C)O 575.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Beta-Ergocryptine 15586930 Click to see 575.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
beta-Ergocryptine 161309 Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)N2CCCC2C3(N1C(=O)C(O3)(C(C)C)NC(=O)C4CN(C5CC6=CNC7=CC=CC(=C67)C5=C4)C)O 575.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Ergocornine 73453 Click to see 561.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Ergoptin 161635 Click to see CCC1(C(=O)N2C(C(=O)N3CCCC3C2(O1)O)CC(C)C)NC(=O)C4CN(C5CC6=CNC7=CC=CC(=C67)C5=C4)C 561.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Ergosinine 10030389 Click to see 547.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00080A023
Ergovaline 104843 Click to see 533.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Ergoline and derivatives / Lysergic acids and derivatives / Ergopeptines / Ergotamines, dihydroergotamines, and derivatives
(6aR,9R)-N-[(1S,2S,4R,7R)-7-benzyl-4-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,8-dioxo-3-oxa-6,9-diazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodecan-4-yl]-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide 160657 Click to see 595.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Ergocristin 98255 Click to see 609.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
Ergostine 12308959 Click to see 595.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Ergoline and derivatives / Lysergic acids and derivatives / Lysergamides
alpha-Ergocryptine 134551 Click to see CC(C)CC1C(=O)N2CCCC2C3(N1C(=O)C(O3)(C(C)C)NC(=O)C4CN(C5CC6=CNC7=CC=CC(=C67)C5=C4)C)O 575.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00064A038
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Harmala alkaloids
Harmine 5280953 Click to see 212.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)83714-6
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Loline alkaloids and derivatives
(1R,3S)-N-methyl-2-oxa-6-azatricyclo[4.2.1.03,7]nonan-8-amine 145720538 Click to see 154.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50064A023
(1R,6S,7S,7aR)-N-methylhexahydro-1H-1,6-epoxypyrrolizin-7-amine 6541971 Click to see 154.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9650053
N-((1S,6R,7R,7aS)-Hexahydro-1H-1,6-epoxypyrrolizin-7-yl)-N-methylformamide 14313946 Click to see 182.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00535-3
n-(Hexahydro-1h-1,6-epoxypyrrolizin-7-yl)-n-methylacetamide 107937 Click to see 196.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00535-3
n-(Hexahydro-1h-1,6-epoxypyrrolizin-7-yl)-n-methylformamide 107859 Click to see CN(C=O)C1C2CN3C1C(O2)CC3 182.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00535-3
N-Formylloline 145720536 Click to see 182.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF60183A003
N-Methyl-2-oxa-6-azatricyclo[4.2.1.03,7]nonan-8-amine 3716322 Click to see CNC1C2CN3C1C(O2)CC3 154.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9650053
N-Methylloline 168027 Click to see 168.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00535-3
N,N-dimethyl-2-oxa-6-azatricyclo[4.2.1.03,7]nonan-8-amine 14488249 Click to see CN(C)C1C2CN3C1C(O2)CC3 168.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00535-3
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes
Anthracene 8418 Click to see 178.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives
Ethylbenzene 7500 Click to see 106.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Diethyl Phthalate 6781 Click to see 222.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives
Benzaldehyde 240 Click to see 106.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzyl alcohols
3-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol 102 Click to see 124.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Benzyl Alcohol 244 Click to see 108.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Salicyl alcohol 5146 Click to see C1=CC=C(C(=C1)CO)O 124.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Decane 15600 Click to see 142.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Heptacosane 11636 Click to see 380.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons
1-Tetradecene 14260 Click to see 196.37 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters / Fatty acid methyl esters
Methyl tetracosanoate 75546 Click to see 382.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Oleic Acid 445639 Click to see 282.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Palmitic Acid 985 Click to see 256.42 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Palmitoleic Acid 445638 Click to see CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 254.41 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Pentadecanoic Acid 13849 Click to see 242.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Stearic Acid 5281 Click to see 284.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Tridecanoic acid 12530 Click to see 214.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids
Hexanoic Acid 8892 Click to see 116.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Hexanol 8103 Click to see CCCCCCO 102.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Elaidolinolenic acid 5282822 Click to see 278.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids
Phytol 5280435 Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C 296.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
Isopulegone 34645 Click to see CC1CCC(C(=O)C1)C(=C)C 152.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Abscisic acids and derivatives
(4E)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid 131954763 Click to see 264.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01012389
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids
(1S,2S,5S,6R,9S,10R,15S)-5-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-6,10-dimethyl-16,17-dioxapentacyclo[13.2.2.01,9.02,6.010,15]nonadec-18-en-13-ol 129316892 Click to see 428.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00067A029
Ergosterol peroxide 5351516 Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C24C=CC5(C3(CCC(C5)O)C)OO4)C 428.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00067A029
> Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives
Lactic Acid 612 Click to see 90.08 unknown https://doi.org/10.2135/CROPSCI1989.0011183X002900020034X
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organic oxides
Safranal 61041 Click to see CC1=C(C(CC=C1)(C)C)C=O 150.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aldehydes / Medium-chain aldehydes
Hexanal 6184 Click to see 100.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
Nonanal 31289 Click to see CCCCCCCCC=O 142.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes
Salicylaldehyde 6998 Click to see 122.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Ketones
2-Decanone 12741 Click to see 156.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzothiazoles
Benzothiazole 7222 Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)N=CS2 135.19 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84185-U
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Imidazopyrimidines / Purines and purine derivatives / Xanthines
Caffeine 2519 Click to see CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C(=O)N2C)C 194.19 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)83714-6
Theobromine 5429 Click to see 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)83714-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid 689043 Click to see 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01012389
Ferulic Acid 445858 Click to see 194.18 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<375::AID-PCA539>3.0.CO;2-0
P-Coumaric Acid 637542 Click to see 164.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01012389

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