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Abelmoschus manihot

Abelmoschus manihot - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Abelmoschus manihot - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Abelmoschus manihot - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644006380512d561738804
Scientific name Abelmoschus manihot
Authority (L.) Medik.
First published in Malvenfam. : 46 (1787)

Description Top

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Abelmoschus manihot, also known as aibika, is a flowering plant in the Malvaceae family. It was previously classified as a species of Hibiscus, but is now considered part of the Abelmoschus genus. This plant is also known as sunset muskmallow, sunset hibiscus, or hibiscus manihot. In the Philippines, it is commonly used as a vegetable in dishes like tinola and sinigang. In Japan, it is used to make neri, a starchy substance used in traditional paper making. Aibika has been found to contain thirteen compounds, including myricetin and beta-sitosterol. It is also highly nutritious, with high levels of vitamins A and C, iron, and protein. Aibika is easy to cultivate and is often grown in traditional gardens in the tropics.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Abelmoschus maculatus Bartl. Linnaea 12: 81 (1838)
Abelmoschus manihot var. megaspermus Hemadri Bull. Bot. Surv. India 11: 338 (1969 publ. 1972)
Abelmoschus manihot f. platidactylis Bakh.
Abelmoschus manihot var. timorensis (DC.) Hochr. Candollea 2: 87 (1924)
Abelmoschus pentaphyllus Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. : 119 (1845)
Abelmoschus platidactylus (Bakh.) Nakai Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 35 (1948)
Abelmoschus pseudomanihot (DC.) Endl. Cat. Hort. Vindob. 2: 253 (1842)
Abelmoschus venustus Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)
Hibiscus bartlingianus Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 758 (1840)
Hibiscus manihot L. Sp. Pl. : 696 (1753)
Hibiscus pseudomanihot DC. Prodr. 1: 448 (1824)
Hibiscus timorensis DC. Prodr. 1: 448 (1824)
Hibiscus zenkeri Gürke Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 241 (1897)
Hibiscus japonicus Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 19 (1863)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English sunset muskmallow
English sunset hibiscus
English abika
bi ailan kapis
German maniok-bisameibisch
Japanese トロロアオイ
Korean 닥풀
Malay aibika
Tonga pele
Vietnamese bụp mì
Vietnamese thục quỳ vàng
Chinese 黄蜀葵
Chinese 黃蜀葵
Chinese 棉花葵
Chinese 假阳桃
Chinese 黄蜀葵茎
Chinese 黄蜀葵花
Chinese 黄蜀葵根
Chinese 黄蜀葵子
Chinese 黄蜀葵叶
Chinese 秋葵
Chinese 黄葵

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Abelmoschus manihot subsp. tetraphyllus (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Borss.Waalk. Blumea 14: 97 (1966)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Abelmoschus manihot var. pungens (Roxb.) Hochr. Candollea 2: 87 (1924)
Abelmoschus manihot var. tetraphylla (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Borss.Waalk. Blumea 14: 97 (1966)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Maintain seeds at a constant 10°C.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Guinea
      • Liberia
      • Nigeria
      • Sierra Leone
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Gabon
      • Zaïre
    • Western Indian Ocean
      • Réunion
  • Asia-temperate
    • Arabian Peninsula
      • Oman
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
    • Eastern Asia
      • Korea
      • Nansei-shoto
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • West Himalaya
    • Indo-China
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Christmas Island
      • Jawa
      • Lesser Sunda Islands
      • Maluku
      • Philippines
      • Sulawesi
      • Sumatera
    • Papuasia
      • Bismarck Archipelago
      • New Guinea
      • Solomon Islands
  • Pacific
    • South-central Pacific
      • Cook Islands
      • Line Islands
    • Southwestern Pacific
      • Fiji
      • New Caledonia
      • Santa Cruz Island
      • Vanuatu
  • Southern America
    • Northern South America
      • Venezuela
    • Western South America
      • Ecuador
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000510878
UNII P51K8V050N
USDA Plants ABMA9
Tropicos 19601203
INPN 447299
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:558020-1
The Plant List kew-2609589
Missouri Botanical Garden 368543
PFAF Abelmoschus manihot
Open Tree Of Life 17450
NCBI Taxonomy 183220
Nature Serve 2.140399
IUCN Red List 123707475
IPNI 558020-1
iNaturalist 157766
GBIF 3152706
Freebase /m/0gvmy2
EPPO HIBMA
EOL 584457
USDA GRIN 621
Wikipedia Abelmoschus_manihot
CMAUP NPO28231

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Fuzhengjiedu San inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway Chang K, Fan K, Zhang H, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Wang L, Chen H, Tong J, Cui D PLoS One 06-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11073700
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283728
PMID:38709810
Extraction and In Vitro Skincare Effect Assessment of Polysaccharides Extract from the Roots of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Wang J, Liao E, Ren Z, Wang Q, Xu Z, Wu S, Yu C, Yin Y Molecules 02-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11085328
doi:10.3390/molecules29092109
PMID:38731598
The Role of Oxidative Stress and Natural Products in Maintaining Human Health Xiao HH Nutrients 25-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11085454
doi:10.3390/nu16091268
PMID:38732515
Targeting ferroptosis as a prospective therapeutic approach for diabetic nephropathy Wu Q, Huang F Ann Med 24-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11044758
doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2346543
PMID:38657163
Epigenetic regulation of diverse cell death modalities in cancer: a focus on pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis Zhou S, Liu J, Wan A, Zhang Y, Qi X J Hematol Oncol 23-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11040947
doi:10.1186/s13045-024-01545-6
PMID:38654314
Hibiscus manihot L. flower extract induces anticancer activity through modulation of apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells Xu M, Zhao M, Zhu M, Yuan H, Li Z, Yan P, Ma C, Zhao H, Wang S, Wan R, Wang L, Yu G Sci Rep 06-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC10998869
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58439-3
PMID:38582921
Melittin induces autophagy to alleviate chronic renal failure in 5/6-nephrectomized rats and angiotensin II-induced damage in podocytes Zhang Y, Xu H, Qiao H, Zhao Y, Jiang M Nutr Res Pract 28-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10995780
doi:10.4162/nrp.2024.18.2.210
PMID:38584815
Separation Methods of Phenolic Compounds from Plant Extract as Antioxidant Agents Candidate Susanti I, Pratiwi R, Rosandi Y, Hasanah AN Plants (Basel) 27-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11013868
doi:10.3390/plants13070965
PMID:38611494
Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives Hao B, Yang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang S Curr Issues Mol Biol 26-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11049524
doi:10.3390/cimb46040181
PMID:38666911
An overview of anti-Hepatitis B virus flavonoids and their mechanisms of action Naderi M, Salavatiha Z, Gogoi U, Mohebbi A Front Cell Infect Microbiol 29-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10937540
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1356003
PMID:38487354
Effects of Rhizopus-arrhizus-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from Hibiscus manihot L. Ju X, Chen T, Ding Y, Yu D, Zhang J, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Wang X, Xu T, Li J Molecules 28-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934683
doi:10.3390/molecules29051046
PMID:38474558
Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphic Loci and Candidate Genes for Seed Germination Percentage in Okra under Salt and No-Salt Stresses by Genome-Wide Association Study Xu G, Cheng Y, Wang X, Dai Z, Kang Z, Ye Z, Pan Y, Zhou L, Xie D, Sun J Plants (Basel) 22-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934433
doi:10.3390/plants13050588
PMID:38475435
Enzyme-assisted ultrasonic extraction of total flavonoids and extraction polysaccharides in residue from Abelmoschus manihot (L) Chu Q, Xie S, Wei H, Tian X, Tang Z, Li D, Liu Y Ultrason Sonochem 19-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10955658
doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106815
PMID:38484470
Study of Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.) Salt Response and Caffeic Acid Metabolism under Saline Stress by Transcriptome Analysis Wu Z, Meng R, Feng W, Wongsnansilp T, Li Z, Lu X, Wang X Genes (Basel) 09-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10888437
doi:10.3390/genes15020220
PMID:38397210
Transcriptome Profiling, Physiological and Biochemical Analyses Reveal Comprehensive Insights in Cadmium Stress in Brassica carinata L. Yang T, Pang B, Zhou L, Gu L, Wang H, Du X, Wang H, Zhu B Int J Mol Sci 19-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10816673
doi:10.3390/ijms25021260
PMID:38279259

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 1491 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1O)O)C(=O)O 154.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes
Tetracosane 12592 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 338.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Very long-chain fatty acids
Heptatriacontanoic acid 5282597 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O 551.00 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Triacontanol 68972 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO 438.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Monoradylglycerols / Monoacylglycerols / 1-monoacylglycerols
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl hexadecanoate 14900 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O 330.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol 6432744 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 86821 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Beta-Sitosterol 222284 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues / Purine nucleosides
2-amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one 6802 Click to see C1=NC2=C(N1C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)NC(=NC2=O)N 283.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Adenosine 60961 Click to see C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N 267.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
Maleic Acid 444266 Click to see C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O 116.07 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxychromen-4-one 57339948 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(OC4O)CO)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin-7-olate 46906036 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)[O-])O)O 301.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Gossypetin 5280647 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)O)O)O)O 318.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCHROMB.2010.12.016
Myricetin 5281672 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 318.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Myricetin(1-) 25201643 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)[O-])O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 317.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-8-O-glucuronides
Hibifolin 5490334 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 494.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYMED.2015.02.002
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
Cannabiscitrin 5486615 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C3=C(C(=O)C4=C(C=C(C=C4O3)O)O)O 480.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 5378597 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 44259091 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 11557027 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl D-galactopyranoside 11751616 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
4-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-yl]-2-hydroxyphenolate 54758589 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)[O-] 463.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Hyperoside 5281643 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1093/CHROMSCI/47.3.206
Isoquercetin 5280804 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 3-O-robinobioside 10371536 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 3-robinobioside 44259100 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Rutin 5280805 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database

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Collections Top

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