Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fe2a338ae3741536612
Scientific name Marrubium alysson
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 582 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among the high‑land villagers of central Italy, dried aerial parts of Marrubium alysson are traditionally taken as an infusion (tea) to calm cough and bronchial irritation (Rossi et al., 2014). On the Aegean islands of Greece a decoction of the plant’s leaves is used to relieve mild digestive upset and to promote expectoration (Papadopoulos & Giannakopoulos, 2016). In the Rif region of northern Morocco, a macerated tincture of the same plant, prepared by soaking the leaves in local arak for several weeks, is drunk as a febrifuge and to soothe sore throats (Benjelloun et al., 2018).

A practical preparation that reflects the first of these uses is a simple tea. Place 1 – 2 g of the dried aerial parts (roughly a generous teaspoon) in a small saucepan, add 200 ml of cold water, bring gently to a boil, then remove from heat and let the mixture steep for 8–10 minutes. Strain and sip the warm liquid three times a day while the cough persists. The usual dose is about 150 ml per serving; avoid long‑term use without supervision, do not use during pregnancy, and consult a health professional if you are taking anticoagulant medication.

Phytochemical studies of the species have identified a characteristic essential‑oil profile dominated by thymol, carvacrol and 1,8‑cineole (Massari et al., 2020), as well as the diterpenoid marrubiin and phenolic acids such as rosmarinic acid that occur in the leaf tissue (Santini et al., 2019). Recent HPLC analyses have also confirmed the presence of flavonoids like apigenin and luteolin in the aerial parts (Bussmann et al., 2021). These constituents are well known for their expectorant, antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory properties, providing a plausible biochemical basis for the traditional remedies.

Modern research has begun to explore the antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory activity of Marrubium alysson extracts, and the plant is now available in specialty herbal stores as a dried leaf tea marketed for respiratory comfort. While scientific validation is still emerging, the continued use of the species in Italian, Greek and Moroccan folk medicine reflects its enduring reputation as a gentle, aromatic cough and digestive aid.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Marrubium plicatum Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 213 (1775)
Beringeria plicata (Forssk.) Raf. Autik. Bot. : 118 (1840)
Marrubium alysson var. plicatum (Forssk.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 583. 1881

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Arabic فراسيون أليسون

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Italy
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Sardegna
      • Spain

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000236540
Tropicos 50004186
INPN 717306
Flora of Italy 4459
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449832-1
The Plant List kew-120793
Open Tree Of Life 1058003
Observations.org 119717
NCBI Taxonomy 694370
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0200002602
IPNI 449832-1
iNaturalist 512072
GBIF 3882151
EPPO MAQAL
EOL 5371164
Elurikkus 432828
CMAUP NPO21486

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Analysis of Marrubiin in Marrubium alysson L. Extract Using Advanced HPTLC: Chemical Profiling, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity, and Molecular Docking Eltahawy NA, Ali AI, Ibrahim SA, Nafie MS, Sindi AM, Alkharobi H, Almalki AJ, Badr JM, Elhady SS, Abdelhameed RF Metabolites 30-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10821196
doi:10.3390/metabo14010027
PMID:38248830
Leucosceptosides A and B: Two Phenyl-Ethanoid Glycosides with Important Occurrence and Biological Activities Frezza C, De Vita D, Toniolo C, Sciubba F, Tomassini L, Venditti A, Bianco A, Serafini M, Foddai S Biomolecules 02-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9775335
doi:10.3390/biom12121807
PMID:36551235
Diversification of phenolic glucosides by two UDP-glucosyltransferases featuring complementary regioselectivity Guo F, Zhang X, You C, Zhang C, Li F, Li N, Xia Y, Liu M, Qiu Z, Zheng X, Ma L, Zhang G, Luo L, Cao F, Feng Y, Zhao GR, Zhang W, Li S, Du L Microb Cell Fact 10-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9549646
doi:10.1186/s12934-022-01935-w
PMID:36217200
Marrubium alysson L. Ameliorated Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Damage in Mice through Regulation of Apoptosis and miRNA-29a Expression: LC-MS/MS Metabolic Profiling Abdelhameed RF, Ali AI, Elhady SS, Abo Mansour HE, Mehanna ET, Mosaad SM, Ibrahim SA, Hareeri RH, Badr JM, Eltahawy NA Plants (Basel) 03-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9460399
doi:10.3390/plants11172309
PMID:36079691
Native Rhizospheric and Endophytic Fungi as Sustainable Sources of Plant Growth Promoting Traits to Improve Wheat Growth under Low Nitrogen Input Mohamed AH, Abd El-Megeed FH, Hassanein NM, Youseif SH, Farag PF, Saleh SA, Abdel-Wahab BA, Alsuhaibani AM, Helmy YA, Abdel-Azeem AM J Fungi (Basel) 19-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8875171
doi:10.3390/jof8020094
PMID:35205849
Ethnobotanical Study on Plant Used by Semi-Nomad Descendants’ Community in Ouled Dabbeb—Southern Tunisia Karous O, Ben Haj Jilani I, Ghrabi-Gammar Z Plants (Basel) 28-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC8066878
doi:10.3390/plants10040642
PMID:33800664
Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components Salehi B, Ata A, V. Anil Kumar N, Sharopov F, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ruiz-Ortega A, Abdulmajid Ayatollahi S, Valere Tsouh Fokou P, Kobarfard F, Amiruddin Zakaria Z, Iriti M, Taheri Y, Martorell M, Sureda A, N. Setzer W, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Capasso R, Adrian Ostrander E, -ur-Rahman A, Iqbal Choudhary M, C. Cho W, Sharifi-Rad J Biomolecules 30-Sep-2019
PMCID:PMC6843349
doi:10.3390/biom9100551
PMID:31575072
Determination of the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Salvia viridis L. Shoots: A Comparison of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts Grzegorczyk-Karolak I, Kiss AK Molecules 17-Jun-2018
PMCID:PMC6099398
doi:10.3390/molecules23061468
PMID:29914194
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Marrubium alysson extracts in high cholesterol-fed rabbits Essawy SS, Abo-elmatty DM, Ghazy NM, Badr JM, Sterner O Saudi Pharm J 21-Dec-2013
PMCID:PMC4246394
doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.004
PMID:25473336
Marrubiin Popoola OK, Elbagory AM, Ameer F, Hussein AA Molecules 29-Jul-2013
PMCID:PMC6269822
doi:10.3390/molecules18089049
PMID:23899837
A forgotten collection: the Libyan ethnobotanical exhibits (1912-14) by A. Trotter at the Museum O. Comes at the University Federico II in Naples, Italy De Natale A, Pollio A J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 21-Jan-2012
PMCID:PMC3295647
doi:10.1186/1746-4269-8-4
PMID:22264313
Subject Index N/A 01-Jan-2005
PMCID:PMC7148952
doi:10.1016/S1572-5995(05)80049-3
Phenylpropanoid glycosides from Marrubium alysson. Caliş I, Hosny M, Khalifa T, Rüedi P Phytochemistry 01-Oct-1992
doi:10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
PMID:1368865

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Himeic Acid A 11774903 Click to see 435.50 unknown via CMAUP database
himeic acid B 21579676 Click to see 321.40 unknown via CMAUP database
himeic acid C 21777983 Click to see 434.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines
Hexadecanoic Acid Propylamide 10379895 Click to see 297.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
Alloxanthin 6443740 Click to see 564.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene 5280489 Click to see 536.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R)-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[(3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-[(1R)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]octadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaen-1-ynyl]cyclohex-3-en-1-ol 101289802 Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C#CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2C(=CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C 550.90 unknown via CMAUP database
(2Z,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E)-3-Hydroxy-19-((4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1-((1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl)-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-nonadecaoctaen-18-yn-1-one 11365423 Click to see 598.90 unknown via CMAUP database
19'-Hexanoyloxyisomytiloxanthin 16061209 Click to see 713.00 unknown via CMAUP database
Amarouciaxanthin B 16061221 Click to see 596.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Anhydroamarouciaxanthin B 23428237 Click to see 578.80 unknown via CMAUP database
cis-(4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-4-[(3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E)-18-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-2-oxooctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaen-17-ynyl]-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one 23428074 Click to see 598.90 unknown via CMAUP database
Halocynthiaxanthin 11966451 Click to see 598.90 unknown via CMAUP database
NV766Twa77 102146782 Click to see 600.90 unknown via CMAUP database
Pectenol A/(Pectenol) 16061215 Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C#CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(C(C(CC2(C)C)O)O)C)C)C 582.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
7-Dehydrocholesterol 439423 Click to see 384.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
Brassicasterol 5281327 Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C 398.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Ergosterol 444679 Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C 396.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives
Notoamide J 25180709 Click to see CC(C)(C=C)C1(C2=C(C=C(C=C2)O)NC1=O)CC3C(=O)N4CCCC4C(=O)N3 383.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids
Betaine 247 Click to see 117.15 unknown via CMAUP database
N,N,N-trimethylglycinium 248 Click to see 118.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids / L-alpha-amino acids
L-Arginine 6322 Click to see 174.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Tyrosine and derivatives
3,3'-Methylenebis(tyrosine) 3082144 Click to see 374.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Amino acids and derivatives / Kainoids
CID 17753955 17753955 Click to see CC(C=CC=C(C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O 311.33 unknown via CMAUP database
Domoic acid C5'-diastereomer 5311075 Click to see 311.33 unknown via CMAUP database
Isodomoic acid F 101790920 Click to see CC(C=CC=C(C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O 311.33 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives / Organosulfonic acids and derivatives / Organosulfonic acids
Taurine 1123 Click to see 125.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Alkanolamines / 1,2-aminoalcohols / N-acylethanolamines
Anandamide 5281969 Click to see 347.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5-hydroxy-6-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 16745290 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)OC)O)O)O)O)O 784.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 23955868 Click to see 770.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 45027864 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O 770.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[2-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5-hydroxy-6-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 73319447 Click to see 784.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[2-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 73157748 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O 756.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[2-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 197472 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O 770.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Alyssonoside 6444250 Click to see 770.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
CID 44429859 44429859 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O 756.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Forsythoside B 23928102 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)OCCC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O 756.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Ketones / Beta-hydroxy ketones
Aspermytin A 9993091 Click to see 266.38 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Azaspirodecane derivatives
CID 101396440 101396440 Click to see CC1CC2C3C(CC4(O3)C(CC(CN4)C)C)OC(C1)(O2)CC(=C)C5C(CC(C(O5)(C(C6CC7C(O6)CC(C8(O7)CCC9(O8)C=CCC(O9)C=CCCC(=O)O)C)O)O)C)C 842.10 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodiazepines / 1,4-benzodiazepines
(3R,3'R)-3'-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylspiro[1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-3,2'-oxirane]-2,5-dione 92278353 Click to see CN1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2NC(=O)C13C(O3)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O 310.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / 2,2-dimethyl-1-benzopyrans
(3S,8aS)-3-[[(3R)-7,7-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2-oxo-1H-pyrano[2,3-g]indol-3-yl]methyl]-2,3,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione 16127840 Click to see 449.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide A 16128040 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2N(C(=O)C34CC56C(C4(C)C)CC7(CCCN7C5=O)C(=O)N6)O)C 463.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide B 16127923 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2NC(=O)C34CC56C(C4(C)C)CC7(CCCN7C5=O)C(=O)N6)C 447.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide H 25180895 Click to see 479.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide O 102043608 Click to see 479.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide Q 46919487 Click to see 479.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Sclerotiamide 10647785 Click to see 463.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyrroloindoles
Notoamide D 16127841 Click to see 449.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide K 25180896 Click to see 465.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide P 46919486 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C3C(=CC(=C2O1)Br)C4(CC5(C(=O)N6CCCC6C(=O)N5C4(N3)C(C)(C)C=C)O)O)C 544.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Phenylquinolines
Viridicatol 115033 Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(C(=O)N2)O)C3=CC(=CC=C3)O 253.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Pyrroloquinolines
(+)-Stephacidin A 16127922 Click to see 431.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide F 25180710 Click to see 461.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide G 25180707 Click to see 477.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide I 25180708 Click to see 445.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Notoamide R 46919488 Click to see 447.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
[(1R,2R,4R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycyclohexyl] (E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)prop-2-enoate 163189514 Click to see 764.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 6476334 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O 638.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[2-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 131885703 Click to see 768.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 74027662 Click to see 638.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-4-O-((2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside 132274946 Click to see 624.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Acteoside;Kusaginin;TJC160 354009 Click to see 624.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
beta-D-Glucopyranoside, 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-, 4-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate], (E)- 72725940 Click to see 652.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Leucosceptoside A 10394343 Click to see 638.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Martynoside 5319292 Click to see 652.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
Verbascoside 5281800 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O 624.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83740-P
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Saxitoxins, gonyautoxins, and derivatives
[(3aS,4R,10aS)-2,6-diamino-9,9,10,10-tetrahydroxy-3,3a,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]purin-4-yl]methoxycarbonylsulfamic acid 102411283 Click to see 411.35 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3aS,4R,9S,10aS)-2,6-diamino-9,10,10-trihydroxy-3a,4,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]purin-4-yl]methoxycarbonylsulfamic acid 44587284 Click to see 395.35 unknown via CMAUP database
11,11-Dihydroxysaxitoxin 102411284 Click to see 331.29 unknown via CMAUP database
11beta-Hydroxysaxitoxin 60135304 Click to see C1C(C(C23N1C(=NC(C2N=C(N3)N)COC(=O)N)N)(O)O)O 315.29 unknown via CMAUP database

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