Ajuga chamaepitys

Details

Ethnobotanical Use

General Uses

Synonyms

Common Names

Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)

Germination/Propagation

Distribution

Links to other databases

Genome

Scientific Literature

Phytochemical Profile

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Details Top

Internal ID	UUID6440370f765cb897999672
Scientific name	Ajuga chamaepitys
Authority	(L.) Schreb.
First published in	Pl. Verticill. Unilab. Gen. Sp. : xxiv (1773)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice

Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ajuga chamaepitys has long been valued in Mediterranean and Near Eastern folk medicine, largely in the form of simple infusions and decoctions. In Anatolia, aerial parts are made into a short decoction or warm infusion to “break” fevers and to treat colds and related fevers (Erendor and Yaman, 2009). Among the Mapuche of southern Chile, infusions of the herb were used internally for digestive discomfort and externally for skin irritations (Bennett et al., 2021). In southern France and northern Morocco, decoctions of aerial parts were employed in local folk practice as diuretics and to relieve abdominal colic, and fresh aerial parts were pounded into poultices for minor wounds (Demirci and Özhatay, 2012). Across northern Morocco and the Rif, a hot infusion of the herb is taken for fever and “cold” respiratory complaints (Al-Fatimi, 2011).

Practical preparation for a mild tea: place 5–7 g of dried aerial parts in 250 ml of recently boiled water, steep 10–15 minutes, strain, and drink up to three cups daily. As a short decoction for fever and colic: simmer 6 g of herb in 250 ml of water for 10 minutes, cool to a comfortable temperature, and consume warm. A macerated poultice uses roughly 20–30 g of chopped fresh aerial parts crushed or lightly bruised and applied to clean skin for 20–30 minutes, covered with a cloth. Safety notes: the herb is strongly bitter and should not be used in large doses during pregnancy or lactation; avoid concurrent use with sedatives or anticoagulants unless advised by a clinician (traditional authorities report caution in all three regions cited).

The traditional uses plausibly reflect the presence of diterpenoids (including the baccatin-type aucubin), phenylpropanoid glycosides such as acteoside (verbascoside) and forsythoside B, flavonoids (luteolin- and apigenin-based), and a modest, camphor‑like essential oil (Oztekin et al., 2010). These constituents together convey bitterness, mild antispasmodic and antinflammatory effects, and diuretic activity that align with the recorded indications.

In modern contexts, pharmacological studies support mild antipyretic, antiinflammatory, and diuretic actions, while preparations remain available through regional herb traders and in several Mediterranean ethnobotanical compendia, keeping the plant present in both household practice and contemporary herbal literature.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Teucrium chamaepitys	L.	Sp. Pl. : 565 (1753)
Bugula arvensis	Gray	Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 368 (1821 publ. 1822)
Bugula chamaepithys	Scop.	Fl. Carniol. , ed. 2, 1: 416 (1771)
Bulga chamaepitys	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 512 (1891)
Chamaepitys vulgaris	Hill	Brit. Herb. : 371 (1756)
Chamaepitys vulgaris	Link	Handbuch 1: 453 (1829)
Ajuga chamaepitys var. glabriuscula	Holuby	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 79. 1872
Ajuga chamaepitys var. grandiflora	Vis.	Fl. Dalmat. 2: 222. 1847

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	ground-pine
Spanish	yerba de junturas
Spanish	teucrium chamaepitys
Spanish	pinillo rastrero
Spanish	pinillo hueco
Spanish	pinillo de antigola
Spanish	iva muscata
Spanish	iva artética
Spanish	iva artetica
Spanish	hierba artetica
Spanish	chamaepitys trifida
Spanish	camepitio
Spanish	camepíteos
Spanish	camepiteos
Spanish	camepiteo
Spanish	camapiteos
Spanish	búgula amarilla
Spanish	bugula amarilla
Spanish	camepytis
Arabic	عجوقة أرضية
Arabic	كمافيطوس
Arabic	صنوبر الأرض
Arabic	خامافيطس
Arabic	عرصف
Catalan	iva artètica
Czech	zběhovec trojklaný pravý
Welsh	glesyn-y-coed pêr
German	acker-günsel
German	gelber günsel
Finnish	rohtoakankaali
French	ivette
French	ive
French	bugle petit-pin
Croatian	Žuta ivica
Upper Sorbian	Žołty zběhowc
Dutch	akkerzenegroen
Polish	dąbrówka żółtokwiatowa
sd	ڪڪروندو
Slovenian	rumeni skrečnik
Swedish	gulsuga
Chinese	地松

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chamaepitys		Unknown
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chia	(Schreb.) Arcang.	Comp. Fl. Ital. : 560 (1882)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. cuneatifolia	(Stapf) P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 30 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. cypria	P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 30 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. euphratica	P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 29 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. glareosa	P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 28 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. laevigata	(Banks & Sol.) P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 27 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. libanotica	P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 28 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. mardinensis	P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 31 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. mesogitana	(Boiss.) Bornm.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 31: 255 (1914)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. palaestina	(Boiss.) Bornm.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 31: 251 (1914)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. rechingeri	(Bilik) P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 31 (1980)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. suffrutescens	Pott.-Alap. ex Greuter & Burdet	Willdenowia 14: 300 (1984 publ. 1985)
Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. tridactylites	(Ging. ex Benth.) P.H.Davis	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38: 29 (1980)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Saudi Arabia
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Turkmenistan
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Maryland
  - Virginia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000933181
UNII	035BVL6JJ7
USDA Plants	AJCH
Tropicos	17600012
INPN	80978
Flora of Italy	4419
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:444546-1
The Plant List	kew-5197
PFAF	Ajuga chamaepitys
Open Tree Of Life	382256
Observations.org	2324
NCBI Taxonomy	49984
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0000455713
Nature Serve	2.160521
IPNI	444546-1
iNaturalist	59259
GBIF	2927080
Freebase	/m/04g1lb4
EPPO	AIUCH
EOL	579805
Elurikkus	335803
USDA GRIN	316539
Wikipedia	Ajuga_chamaepitys

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_958295605.1	daAjuCham1.1	Chromosome	WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE	2023-07-06	24	850.26 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Phytochemical, In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Research on the Extract of Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb.

Ionus E, Schröder V, Chiţescu CL, Bucur LA, Lupu CE, Dumitrescu DE, Popescu L, Mihai DP, Olaru OT, Nițulescu GM, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE

Plants (Basel)

25-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085171
doi:	10.3390/plants13091192
PMID:	38732407

A systematic methodology to assess the identity of plants in historical texts: A case study based on the Byzantine pharmacy text John the Physician's Therapeutics

Lardos A, Patmore K, Allkin R, Lazarou R, Nesbitt M, Scott AC, Zipser B

J Ethnopharmacol

25-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC7615571
doi:	10.1016/j.jep.2023.117622
PMID:	38128894

Saving the local tradition: ethnobotanical survey on the use of plants in Bologna district (Italy)

Chiocchio I, Marincich L, Mandrone M, Trincia S, Tarozzi C, Poli F

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10936038
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00664-1
PMID:	38475780

Sustainable Production of Ajuga Bioactive Metabolites Using Cell Culture Technologies: A Review

Popova E, Titova M, Tynykulov M, Zakirova RP, Kulichenko I, Prudnikova O, Nosov A

Nutrients

01-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005297
doi:	10.3390/nu15051246
PMID:	36904246

The Role of Lichens, Mosses, and Vascular Plants in the Biodeterioration of Historic Buildings: A Review

Cozzolino A, Adamo P, Bonanomi G, Motti R

Plants (Basel)

08-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9781475
doi:	10.3390/plants11243429
PMID:	36559541

Phytochemical Classification of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Kidney Disease Based on Traditional Persian Medicine

Rabizadeh F, Mirian MS, Doosti R, Kiani-Anbouhi R, Eftekhari E

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

31-Jul-2022

PMCID:	PMC9357710
doi:	10.1155/2022/8022599
PMID:	35958915

Skin cancer, including related pathways and therapy and the role of luteolin derivatives as potential therapeutics

Juszczak AM, Wöelfle U, Končić MZ, Tomczyk M

Med Res Rev

21-Feb-2022

PMCID:	PMC9303584
doi:	10.1002/med.21880
PMID:	35187675

Ethnopharmacobotanical Findings of Medicinal Plants in the Kızılcahamam District of Ankara, Turkey

GÜRBÜZ İ, ÖZATKAN G, AKAYDIN G, GÜNBATAN T

Turk J Pharm Sci

30-Dec-2021

PMCID:	PMC8744430
doi:	10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.12574
PMID:	34978396

An unknown hotspot of plant diversity in the heart of the Central Apennine: flora and vegetation outline of Mt. Pozzoni-St. Rufo valley (Cittareale, Rieti)

Lattanzi E, Del Vico E, Tranquilli R, Farris E, Marignani M, Rosati L

PhytoKeys

31-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8390790
doi:	10.3897/phytokeys.178.62947
PMID:	34475797

Insular Pharmacopoeias: Ethnobotanical Characteristics of Medicinal Plants Used on the Adriatic Islands

Łuczaj Ł, Jug-Dujaković M, Dolina K, Jeričević M, Vitasović-Kosić I

Front Pharmacol

07-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8138454
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2021.623070
PMID:	34025401

Prototyping a Knowledge-Based System to Identify Botanical Extracts for Plant Health in Sub-Saharan Africa

Silvie PJ, Martin P, Huchard M, Keip P, Gutierrez A, Sarter S

Plants (Basel)

29-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8146496
doi:	10.3390/plants10050896
PMID:	33946682

Current uses and knowledge of medicinal plants in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (Spain): a descriptive cross-sectional study

Sánchez M, González-Burgos E, Iglesias I, Lozano R, Gómez-Serranillos MP

BMC Complement Med Ther

14-Oct-2020

PMCID:	PMC7557077
doi:	10.1186/s12906-020-03089-x
PMID:	33054740

An In Vitro Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Medical Plants from the Lamiaceae Family as Effective Sources of Active Compounds against Human Cancer Cell Lines

Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R, Kowalczyk T

Cancers (Basel)

13-Oct-2020

PMCID:	PMC7601952
doi:	10.3390/cancers12102957
PMID:	33066157

Plants in alcoholic beverages on the Croatian islands, with special reference to rakija travarica

Łuczaj Ł, Jug-Dujaković M, Dolina K, Vitasović-Kosić I

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

05-Nov-2019

PMCID:	PMC6833235
doi:	10.1186/s13002-019-0332-1
PMID:	31690333

Comparative Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Extracts of Traditionally Used Romanian Ajuga genevensis L. and A. reptans L. (Lamiaceae)

Toiu A, Mocan A, Vlase L, Pârvu AE, Vodnar DC, Gheldiu AM, Moldovan C, Oniga I

Molecules

23-Apr-2019

PMCID:	PMC6515068
doi:	10.3390/molecules24081597
PMID:	31018502

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty aldehydes
Hexadecanal	984	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=O	240.42	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(1S,4aR,5R,8aR)-5-[(3S)-5-hydroxy-3-methylpentyl]-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3,4,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid	162952421	Click to see	322.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
CID 15559751	15559751	Click to see CC(CCC1C(=C)CCC2C1(CCCC2(C)C(=O)O)C)CCO	322.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids
3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-OL	5366244	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Phytol	5280435	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Colensane and clerodane diterpenoids
(E)-5-[(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1,2,4a,5-tetramethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3-(acetyloxymethyl)pent-3-enoic acid	11405868	Click to see	364.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
3-(Acetyloxymethyl)-5-(1,2,4a,5-tetramethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl)pent-3-enoic acid	72834622	Click to see CC1CCCC2C1(CCC(C2(C)CC=C(CC(=O)O)COC(=O)C)C)C	364.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
Linalool	6549	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Myrcene	31253	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
Carvacrol	10364	Click to see CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O	150.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(+-)-alpha-Pinene	6654	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
alpha Thujene	6451618	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
alpha-Thujene	17868	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Beta-Pinene	14896	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
Limonene, (+/-)-	22311	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(1R,2S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-ene	92042749	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
(1R,4S,4aR)-1,6-dimethyl-4-propan-2-yl-3,4,4a,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-naphthalen-1-ol	5315592	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
(1R,4S,6R,7S,10R)-4,10-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.01,5]decan-4-ol	11543111	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
3a-Methyl-6-methylidene-1-(propan-2-yl)decahydrocyclobuta(1,2-a:3,4-a')dicyclopentene	324224	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
alpha-Cadinol	10398656	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CCC(C2CC1)(C)O)C(C)C	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
beta-Bourbonene	62566	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
beta-Cubebene	93081	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Cadina-1(10),4-diene	10223	Click to see CC1=CC2C(CCC(=C2CC1)C)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Copaene	19725	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Cubebol	11276107	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
delta-Cadinene	441005	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
gamma-Bisabolene, (Z)-	3033866	Click to see CC1=CCC(=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)CC1	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
Ledum camphor	22297324	Click to see CC1CCC2C1C3C(C3(C)C)CCC2(C)O	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Viridiflorol	11996452	Click to see CC1CCC2C1C3C(C3(C)C)CCC2(C)O	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Viridiflorol (incomplete stereochemistry)	94174	Click to see CC1CCC2C1C3C(C3(C)C)CCC2(C)O	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
(S,1Z,6Z)-8-Isopropyl-1-methyl-5-methylenecyclodeca-1,6-diene	91723653	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
1-Hydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-4-isopropyl-2,7-cyclodecadiene	5367550	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Germacrene B	5281519	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=CCC(=C(C)C)CC1)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
Germacrene D	5317570	Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
germacrene D-4-ol	5352847	Click to see CC1=CCCC(C=CC(CC1)C(C)C)(C)O	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701111
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid	64945	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
(3S,4S,5R)-4-[(2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-[(5R,9R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-6-oxo-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]butyl]-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one	122130059	Click to see	520.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
4-[2,3-dihydroxy-3-(2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-6-oxo-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)butyl]-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one	554197	Click to see	520.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990033W
alpha-Amyrenol	225688	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
Alpha-Amyrin	73170	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
beta-Amyrenol	225689	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)-	220774	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
(2R,3S,5S,10S,13S,14R,17R)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2S,3S,5S)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one	133562183	Click to see	494.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
20-Hydroxyecdysone	5459840	Click to see	480.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones / Withanolides and derivatives
Stigmasta-7,24-dien-26-oic acid, 2,3,14,20,22-pentahydroxy-6,12-dioxo-, delta-lactone, (2beta,3beta,5beta,22R)-	181744	Click to see	516.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	14311740	Click to see	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
Clerosterol 3-glucoside	14311739	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(=C)C	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437183
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tetracarboxylic acids and derivatives
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(2S,3aS,5S,6aR)-5-hydroxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R,3S)-3-acetyloxy-2-methylbutanoate	162967280	Click to see	626.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81838-5
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(3aS,5S,6aS)-3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R,3S)-3-acetyloxy-2-methylbutanoate	162940290	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[5-(3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl)-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 3-acetyloxy-2-methylbutanoate	14757823	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 3-acetyloxy-2-methylbutanoate	13966158	Click to see	626.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81838-5
Ajugachin B	183008	Click to see	608.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
Chamaepitin	5491744	Click to see CC1CC(C2(C(C1(C)C3CC4CC(OC4O3)O)CC(C(C25CO5)OC(=O)C(C)C(C)OC(=O)C)O)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	626.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81838-5
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
(-)-Ajugachin A	183007	Click to see CC1CC(C2(C(C1(C)C3CC4C=COC4O3)CC(C(C25CO5)OC(=O)C(C)C)O)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(2S,3aS,5S,6aR)-5-ethoxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	162882719	Click to see	596.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(2S,3aS,5S,6aR)-5-hydroxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	162952866	Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C(CC2C(C(CC(C2(C13CO3)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)C)(C)C4CC5CC(OC5O4)O)O	568.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(3aR,5R,6aS)-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	162937624	Click to see	552.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(3aR,5S,6aS)-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	97406012	Click to see	552.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85066-7
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(3aS,5R,6aS)-3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-methylpropanoate	163008066	Click to see	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[(1R,2S,3R,4aR,5S,6R,8S,8aR)-5-[(3aS,5S,6aS)-3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl]-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate	162875297	Click to see	550.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85066-7
[5-(3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl)-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-methylbutanoate	15617104	Click to see	550.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85066-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[5-(3a,4,5,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-5-yl)-8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-methylpropanoate	14757821	Click to see	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
[8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-methylbutanoate	13966156	Click to see	568.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
[8-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-5-(5-ethoxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylspiro[3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,2'-oxirane]-2-yl] 2-methylbutanoate	13966154	Click to see	596.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
14-Hydro-15-hydroxyajugapitin	70697927	Click to see	568.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81838-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84101-1
Ajugachin A	21125464	Click to see CC1CC(C2(C(C1(C)C3CC4C=COC4O3)CC(C(C25CO5)OC(=O)C(C)C)O)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	536.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
Ajugapitin	21123700	Click to see	550.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7
CID 14757825	14757825	Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C(CC2C(C(CC(C2(C13CO3)COC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)C)(C)C4CC5CCOC5O4)O	552.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)87108-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85066-7

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Ajuga chamaepitys

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