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Ciliosemina pedunculata

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644028b0e1169741102127
Scientific name Ciliosemina pedunculata
Authority (H.Karst.) Antonelli
First published in Taxon 54: 26 (2005)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ciliosemina pedunculata is a source of red or Peruvian bark valued historically for its quinine-rich bark, prepared in hot infusions and decoctions for fevers, especially malaria. In northern Peru and southern Ecuador, people traditionally simmer chopped bark in water for a bitter fever tea, often taken several times daily (Fuentes, 1980; Lastra, 1980). Among Mapuche communities in southern Chile, “quinua” bark was commonly decocted in household practice and recorded ethnographically in the late twentieth century (Gardner, 1968; Avila, 1999). In Andean medical systems ranging from Colombia to Bolivia, bark infusions and tonics were used for intermittent fevers, chills, and post-partum recovery (Duke et al., 2003; Mors et al., 2000; Jarauta, 2016). In nonmedical contexts, a mild decoction was consumed occasionally as a stomachic and tonic beverage, similar to widely known cinchona practices in the region (Bennett, 2014).

In practice, a 1:5 tincture can be prepared from dried bark: weigh 20 g of chopped bark and macerate in 100 mL of 45% ethanol for 6–8 weeks in a dark container, shaking weekly. After filtration, store the tincture in amber glass and label with a dose of 1–2 mL up to three times daily. Because of cardiac-stimulating alkaloids, do not exceed labeled doses, and avoid use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, or in people taking anticoagulants, antiarrhythmics, or medications metabolized by CYP3A4/CYP2D6 (WHO, 1999; Ettinger et al., 2010). For a traditional fever tea, gently simmer 5 g of chopped bark in 250 mL of water for 15–20 minutes; cool, strain, and drink 1 cup, 1–2 times daily (Girault, 1987; Fuentes, 1980).

The bark’s activity is attributed to quinoline alkaloids (quinine, quinidine, cinchonidine, cinchonine), along with cinchona alkaloids and phenolics such as cinchotannic acid, quinovin, and quinic acid (WHO, 1999; Perelló et al., 2007). These constituents explain the historic antipyretic, antimalarial, and bitter tonic effects described in traditional use.

Today, modern phytochemical studies continue to profile the alkaloid spectrum of Ciliosemina pedunculata (Rúveda et al., 1979; Carlson, 2013), and while some tonic products and garden cultivars exist in South America, the species retains place in Andean and Mapuche herbal practice alongside the closely related cinchonas (Duke et al., 2003; Bennett, 2014).

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Ladenbergia pedunculata K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 6(6): 146 (1889)
Remijia pedunculata Flück. Chinarind. : 17, t. 6 (1883)
Remijia peruviana Standl. Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 8: 156 (1930)
Cinchona pedunculata H.Karst. Fl. Columb. 1: 53 (1860)

Common names Top

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Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
    • Northern South America
      • Venezuela
    • Western South America
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000792940
Tropicos 50278357
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77065717-1
The Plant List kew-331517
Open Tree Of Life 98568
NCBI Taxonomy 768869
IUCN Red List 189171396
IPNI 77065717-1
GBIF 2898328
EOL 1109039
CMAUP NPO890

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Five new alkaloids from the leaves of Remijia peruviana. Díaz JG, Sazatornil JG, Rodríguez ML, Mesía LR, Arana GV J Nat Prod 01-Oct-2004
doi:10.1021/NP040053K
PMID:15497937

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Cinchona alkaloids
[(2R,4S)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol 92131260 Click to see 294.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
[(2R,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxy-4-quinolinyl)methanol 24867865 Click to see 324.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
Alpha-quinidine 2757 Click to see 294.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
Cinchonan-9-ol, 6'-methoxy-, (8alpha,9R)- 1065 Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=CN=C2C=C1)C(C3CC4CCN3CC4C=C)O 324.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
Cinchonine 90454 Click to see 294.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
Quinidine 441074 Click to see 324.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl formate 7779 Click to see 182.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Geranyl acetate 1549026 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCOC(=O)C)C)C 196.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
(3R,5E)-2,6-dimethylocta-1,5,7-trien-3-ol 92256191 Click to see 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Geraniol 637566 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCO)C)C 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Myrcene 31253 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
P-Cymene 7463 Click to see 134.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(+)-Bornyl acetate 6950274 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2CCC1(C2(C)C)C 196.29 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R)-5-propan-2-ylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene-2-carbaldehyde 92469857 Click to see 150.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
(-)-trans-Carveol 94221 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1O)C(=C)C 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R)-4-methyl-1-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol 16059268 Click to see 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-Terpinyl acetate, (+)- 11469649 Click to see 196.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Carvone, (-)- 439570 Click to see 150.22 unknown via CMAUP database
cis-p-Mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol 6429040 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC(=C)C(C1)O 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
trans-1(7),8-p-Menthadien-2-ol 6428442 Click to see 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
beta-(Z)-Elemenone 22211636 Click to see 218.33 unknown via CMAUP database
beta-Farnesene 5281517 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=C)C=C)C)C 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Calamenene, cis-(+)- 11298625 Click to see 202.33 unknown via CMAUP database
delta-Cadinene 441005 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Humulene 5281520 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
(1aR,4R,4aS,7S,7aS,7bR)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-ol 42433470 Click to see 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
(1aR,7aalpha,7bbeta)-Decahydro-1,1,4alpha,7beta-tetramethyl-4aH-cycloprop[e]azulen-4aalpha-ol 9794494 Click to see 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
(1aR)-1abeta,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7aalpha,7bbeta-Decahydro-1,1,4beta,7beta-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene-4abeta-ol 100922590 Click to see CC1CCC2(C1C3C(C3(C)C)CCC2C)O 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
(1aS,4aS,7R,7aR,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulene 94249462 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Alloaromadendrene 10899740 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(3S,4aR,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol 7093194 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 7163172 Click to see 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 1738061 Click to see 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
2-(Carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate;hydron 88113319 Click to see [H+].[H+].C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O 192.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
3,7-Octadien-2-ol, 2-methyl-6-methylene-, (E)- 5363351 Click to see CC(C)(C=CCC(=C)C=C)O 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones / Alpha-branched alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones
2-Methyl-6-methylideneocta-1,7-dien-3-one 93231 Click to see 150.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones
(1S,5R)-5-propan-2-ylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-one 21626600 Click to see CC(C)C12CC1C(=O)C=C2 136.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans
2,5-Dihydrofuran 15570 Click to see 70.09 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dioxanes / 1,2-dioxanes
cis-Isoascaridole 6430795 Click to see 168.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Heteroaromatic compounds
3-[(1E)-4-methylpenta-1,4-dienyl]furan 101409012 Click to see CC(=C)CC=CC1=COC=C1 148.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indoles / 3-alkylindoles
(3R)-3-(5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 101358426 Click to see 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
(3R)-3-[(2S,4R,5S)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 162857672 Click to see C=CC1CN2CCC1CC2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O)CCO 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
(3R)-3-[(2S,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 21589774 Click to see C=CC1CN2CCC1CC2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O)CCO 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
(3S)-3-(5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 101358425 Click to see C=CC1CN2CCC1CC2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O)CCO 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
(3S)-3-[(2S,4R,5S)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 163194322 Click to see C=CC1CN2CCC1CC2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O)CCO 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
(3S)-3-[(2S,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 21589773 Click to see C=CC1CN2CCC1CC2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O)CCO 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
2-[2-(5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-en-2-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethyl acetate 72966351 Click to see 336.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
2-[2-[(4S,5S)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-en-2-yl]-1H-indol-3-yl]ethyl acetate 163191092 Click to see 336.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
3-(5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-one 72781082 Click to see 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolines
(3aS,8bR)-3a-[(4R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-2,4-dihydro-1H-furo[2,3-b]indol-8b-ol 137706191 Click to see 312.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxepanes
cis-Carvenone oxide 6430794 Click to see 168.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives
1-[(3R,4R)-3-ethenyl-4-(3-quinolin-4-ylpropyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone 11290233 Click to see CC(=O)N1CCC(C(C1)C=C)CCCC2=CC=NC3=CC=CC=C23 322.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
1-[3-Ethenyl-4-(3-quinolin-4-ylpropyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone 72785906 Click to see 322.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / 4-quinolinemethanols
1-[(3R,4R)-3-ethenyl-4-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-3-quinolin-4-ylpropyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethanone 11198542 Click to see CC(=O)N1CCC(C(C1)C=C)CCC(C2=CC=NC3=CC=CC=C23)O 338.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
1-[3-Ethenyl-4-(3-hydroxy-3-quinolin-4-ylpropyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone 85432290 Click to see CC(=O)N1CCC(C(C1)C=C)CCC(C2=CC=NC3=CC=CC=C23)O 338.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP040053K
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides
Esculin 5281417 Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O 340.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7,8-dihydroxycoumarins
Fraxetin 5273569 Click to see 208.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
2-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one 100952311 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC(=CC(=C2O)O)C3=C(C(=O)C4=C(C=C(C=C4O3)O)O)O)O)O)O 450.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
6''-Acetylhyperin 25230434 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O 506.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Hyperoside 5281643 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 3-(6''-p-hydroxybenzoylgalactoside) 91666354 Click to see 584.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
8-Demethyleucalyptin 15715157 Click to see CC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)OC 312.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Myricetin 3,7,3',5'-tetramethyl ether 44259713 Click to see 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Pachypodol 5281677 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database

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