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Internal ID UUID644028656506d033423086
Scientific name Adina trichotoma
Authority (Zoll. & Moritzi) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.
First published in Index Kew. 1: 43 (1893)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Adina trichotoma is harvested primarily for its wood, which is marketed as small‑dimension timber used in construction, furniture production, and as a source of fuelwood and charcoal. The species is also cultivated as an ornamental tree in urban and garden settings for its attractive foliage, fragrant white inflorescences, and tolerance of moderate drought.

Industrial and craft applications:
The timber, classified as a hardwood, is employed in interior joinery, paneling, millwork, and the manufacture of moldings, casings, and small‑dimension items such as tool handles and turned wooden objects. Its moderate hardness, good surface finish, and attractive grain make it suitable for high‑quality furniture components and decorative millwork.

Wood and fiber:
The primary material is the heartwood, which is converted into boards and lumber for the applications listed above. No commercial extraction of bast or bark fibers is documented; the bark is not used for cordage or textiles.

Properties relevant to use:
Physical‑mechanical testing of samples from natural stands reports a wood density of approximately 0.68 g cm⁻³, a Janka hardness around 1 100 lbf, and a modulus of elasticity near 12 GPa. Tangential shrinkage is about 5 % and radial shrinkage about 3 % from green to oven‑dry condition. The species contains extractives that impart moderate natural durability against fungal decay, supporting its use in indoor applications where exposure is limited.

Standards and regulation:
Timber from Adina trichotoma is subject to Chinese national standards for structural lumber (GB/T 1927) and to ISO/ASTM protocols for density and strength measurement (ISO 13061‑2, ASTM D2395). Ornamental plants are regulated under national horticultural import/export guidelines, and the wood is graded according to furniture‑wood classification standards (GB/T 19530).

Sustainability and sourcing:
Regional red‑list assessments list the species as threatened, prompting the adoption of selective logging and the establishment of plantation propagation for ornamental use. Forestry agencies in southern China promote a minimum rotation age of 30 years for logged trees, seed‑orchard development, and community‑based planting on degraded lands for timber production and carbon sequestration.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Metadina trichotoma (Zoll. & Moritzi) Bakh.f. Taxon 19: 472 (1970)
Nauclea aralioides (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 344 (1857)
Adina polycephala var. macrophylla Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 3: 25. 1880
Nauclea trichotoma Zoll. & Moritzi Syst. Verz. Java : 61 (1846)
Adina aralioides (Zoll. & Moritzi) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. Index Kew. 1: 43 (1893)
Adina parvula E.T.Geddes Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 241 (1928)
Adina polycephala Benth. Fl. Hongk. : 146 (1861)
Adina polycephaloides Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 208 (1931)
Adina zschokkei Elmer Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 987 (1911)
Cephalanthus aralioides Zoll. & Moritzi Syst. Verz. Java : 61 (1846)
Nauclea capitellata Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. : 375 (1845)
Nauclea polycephala Wall. ex G.Don Gen. Hist. 3: 467 (1834)
Adina trichotoma var. aralioides (Zoll. & Moritzi) Bakh.f. Blumea 12: 63 (1963)
Adina polycephala var. noei Craib Fl. Siam. 2: 10 (1932)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Malay pokok meraga
Malay meraga
su ki angrit

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
    • Indo-China
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Borneo
      • Jawa
      • Malaya
      • Maluku
      • Philippines
      • Sulawesi
      • Sumatera
    • Papuasia
      • New Guinea

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000789602
Tropicos 100141834
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:742939-1
IUCN Red List 136139062
IPNI 742939-1
Wikipedia Adina_trichotoma
CMAUP NPO28555

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

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Scientific Literature Top

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Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acids
Benzoic Acid 243 Click to see 122.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols
(R)-nonacosan-10-ol 342803 Click to see 424.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(-)-Sandaracopimaric acid 221580 Click to see 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,4aR,4bS,7R,10aR)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-3,4,4b,5,6,9,10,10a-octahydro-2H-phenanthren-2-ol 22216597 Click to see 288.50 unknown via CMAUP database
3-Acetoxy-8(17),13E-labdadien-15-oic acid 13858192 Click to see 362.50 unknown via CMAUP database
3-Oxoanticopalic Acid 13858184 Click to see 318.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Abietic acid 10569 Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=CCC3C(C2CC1)(CCCC3(C)C(=O)O)C 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Alepterolic acid 13858188 Click to see 320.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Dehydroabietic acid 94391 Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3(CCCC(C3CC2)(C)C(=O)O)C 300.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Levopimaric acid 221062 Click to see CC(C)C1=CCC2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C(=O)O)C 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Neoabietic acid 221118 Click to see 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Sandaracopimaradienediol 12313649 Click to see CC1(CCC2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCC(C3(C)CO)O)C)C=C 304.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Sandaracopimarinol 12314286 Click to see CC1(CCC2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)CO)C)C=C 288.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
Linalool, (+)- 67179 Click to see 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Myrcene 31253 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
P-Cymene 7463 Click to see 134.22 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(-)-beta-Pinene 440967 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,3R,6R)-3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptane 98052623 Click to see 138.25 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-Pinene, (+)- 82227 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, (1S,4R)- 10877186 Click to see 138.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Bornyl acetate, (-)- 93009 Click to see 196.29 unknown via CMAUP database
D-Borneol 6552009 Click to see 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
(+)-Limonene 440917 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+)-Terpinen-4-ol 2724161 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
4-Methylidene-1-propan-2-ylcyclohexan-1-ol 10197791 Click to see 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
d-beta-Phellandrene 442484 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Terpinolene 11463 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(R)-beta-bisabolene 68128 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)CCC=C(C)C 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Bisabolol 1549992 Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(C)(CCC=C(C)C)O 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
delta-Cadinol 3084311 Click to see CC1=CC2C(CCC(C2CC1)(C)O)C(C)C 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 11870456 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Pinocembrin 68071 Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3 256.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Strobopinin 442520 Click to see 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes
3-Methoxy-5-(2-phenylethenyl)phenol 182229 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2 226.27 unknown via CMAUP database
3,5-Dimethoxystilbene 5316874 Click to see 240.30 unknown via CMAUP database

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