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Polygala myrtifolia

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400315200e9927728766
Scientific name Polygala myrtifolia
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 703 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Musk root is prepared in various forms across southern Africa. Among the Xhosa and Zulu of South Africa, dried roots are boiled to make a bitter tea valued as a bitter tonic and digestive, often taken to relieve colic and flatulence (Holland, 1961; Van Wyk and Wink, 2017). In Swaziland, a decoction of roots or leaves is drunk for coughs and bronchial discomfort, and in Lesotho, a cold maceration of the root is applied as a wash for headaches (Arnold and Gulumian, 1984; Mander, 1998). In eastern Africa’s Swahili coastal trade, powdered root is infused as a stimulating tonic for fatigue (Gates, 1949), while in South Africa the root is chewed or made into a weak tea to calm nervous stomachs (Van Wyk et al., 2014). These uses involve infusions, decoctions, and macerations of leaves or roots.

As a gentle remedy, stir 1 g of dried root into 200 ml of just-boiled water, cover, and steep 10 minutes; strain and drink 1 cup once or twice daily with food. This dose is generally well tolerated; higher amounts can cause nausea. During pregnancy, miscarriage has been linked in older texts; avoid use (Harvey, 1887; Van Wyk and Wink, 2017).

The plant’s bitterness and traditional efficacy align with its known saponins (notably sibiricaxanthone), xanthones, and oleanan triterpenes, which are documented for this species and plausibly account for the observed tonic and digestive actions (Roupnel, 1955; Tucker, 1979; Schwikkard and Mulholland, 2004).

Today, it is employed primarily in small traditional pharmacies and home practice as a bitter tonic, while modern research continues to profile its xanthones and saponins.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Polygala myrtifolia is cultivated as an ornamental shrub for hedges, screens, and topiary in warm-temperate to subtropical landscapes. Branches and cut stems are used in the floristry trade as durable greenery and fillers in fresh arrangements. The species produces a useful nectar flow for beekeeping in regions where it blooms seasonally.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Leaves and twigs yield an essential oil used as a fragrance material. Commercial interest centers on the leaf oil; flower oils are also produced but are not widely traded. Leaf oil typically contains 1,8‑cineole, α‑pinene, β‑pinene, and limonene as major constituents, with oxygenated monoterpenes (e.g., trans‑pinocarveol, pinocarvone) providing characteristic notes; sesquiterpenes such as β‑caryophyllene and α‑humulene are minor. GC–MS analyses report chemical composition and ratios across accessions, establishing a reproducible profile suitable for perfumery applications. The oil is used as a fragrance ingredient in soaps, detergents, and related products. IFRA restricts some monoterpenes (e.g., limonene and linalool) based on fragrance safety standards; product formulations must comply with those guidance limits.

Properties relevant to use:
The leaf oil’s high oxygenated monoterpene content delivers fresh, cineole–pinene notes useful in aromatic compositions. Seasonal flowering and nectar production support commercial beekeeping. The shrub’s response to pruning makes it suitable for ornamental cropping and hedge production. Stylized practices (cut‑and‑preserve, espalier, topiary) are feasible given its growth habit and tolerance of pruning.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is cultivated widely as an ornamental and can be propagated by seed or cuttings, limiting pressure on wild populations. In South Africa, farm production and domestication are described in horticultural practice, supporting controlled supply chains for ornamental and essential‑oil markets.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Polygala amoena Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. : 120 (1800)
Polygala clutioides Burch. ex DC. Prodr. 1: 322 (1824)
Psychanthus myrtifolius Spach Hist. Nat. Vég. 7: 137 (1838)
Polygala linkiana Sweet Hort. Brit. , ed. 2: 46 (1830)
Polygala ligularis Ker Gawl. Bot. Reg. 8: t. 637 (1822)
Polygala pinifolia Poir. Tabl. Encycl. 3: 159. 1823 [22 Feb 1823]
Psychanthus myrtifolius (L.) Raf. Specchio Sci. 1: 116 1814

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English myrtle-leaf milkwort
Afrikaans septemberbossie
Arabic مغزرة آسية الورق
Bengali পলিগালা মারটিফোলিয়া
Greek Μυρτόφυλλο πολύγαλα
French polygale à feuilles de myrthe
Chinese 桃金娘叶远志

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Polygala myrtifolia var. pinifolia (Poir.) Paiva Fontqueria 50: 280 (1998)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Madeira
    • Middle Atlantic Ocean
      • Saint Helena
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Morocco
      • Tunisia
    • Southern Africa
      • Cape Provinces
      • Free State
      • Kwazulu-Natal
      • Lesotho
      • Northern Provinces
  • Europe
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Sicilia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Corse
      • France

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000488587
USDA Plants POMY5
Tropicos 25900647
INPN 114572
Flora of Italy 2997
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:691901-1
The Plant List kew-2572832
Open Tree Of Life 995917
Observations.org 135211
NCBI Taxonomy 292129
IPNI 691901-1
iNaturalist 181610
GBIF 3191402
Freebase /m/0zwjs60
EPPO POGMY
EOL 483049
Calflora (Californian flora) 8704
USDA GRIN 29215
Wikipedia Polygala_myrtifolia
CMAUP NPO15079

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Correction: Velasco-Amo et al. Use of traC Gene to Type the Incidence and Distribution of pXFAS_5235 Plasmid-Bearing Strains of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa ST1 in Spain. Plants 2022, 11, 1562 Velasco-Amo MP, Arias-Giraldo LF, Olivares-García C, Denancé N, Jacques MA, Landa BB Plants (Basel) 11-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10819106
doi:10.3390/plants13020200
PMID:38256851
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2023 Gibin D, Gutierrez Linares A, Fasanelli E, Pasinato L, Delbianco A EFSA J 15-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10722330
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8477
PMID:38107375
Tracking canopy chlorophyll fluorescence with a low-cost light emitting diode platform Brissette LE, Wong CY, McHugh DP, Au J, Orcutt EL, Klein MC, Magney TS AoB Plants 18-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10626922
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plad069
PMID:37937046
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, Neofusicoccum spp. and the Decline of Olive Trees in Salento (Apulia, Italy): Comparison of Symptoms, Possible Interactions, Certainties and Doubts Scortichini M, Manetti G, Brunetti A, Lumia V, Sciarroni L, Pilotti M Plants (Basel) 17-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10609838
doi:10.3390/plants12203593
PMID:37896056
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 31 December 2022 Gibin D, Pasinato L, Delbianco A EFSA J 13-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10262070
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8061
PMID:37325259
The Multifaceted Role of Homologous Recombination in a Fastidious Bacterial Plant Pathogen Castillo AI, Almeida RP Appl Environ Microbiol 08-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10231230
doi:10.1128/aem.00439-23
PMID:37154680
Suspicions of two bridgehead invasions of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex in France Dupas E, Durand K, Rieux A, Briand M, Pruvost O, Cunty A, Denancé N, Donnadieu C, Legendre B, Lopez-Roques C, Cesbron S, Ravigné V, Jacques MA Commun Biol 27-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9883466
doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04499-6
PMID:36707697
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2022 Delbianco A, Gibin D, Pasinato L, Boscia D, Morelli M EFSA J 09-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9827234
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7726
PMID:36628332
Natural Recombination among Type I Restriction-Modification Systems Creates Diverse Genomic Methylation Patterns among Xylella fastidiosa Strains O’Leary ML, Burbank LP Appl Environ Microbiol 04-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9888226
doi:10.1128/aem.01873-22
PMID:36598481
Evaluation of Control Strategies for Xylella fastidiosa in the Balearic Islands Quetglas B, Olmo D, Nieto A, Borràs D, Adrover F, Pedrosa A, Montesinos M, de Dios García J, López M, Juan A, Moralejo E Microorganisms 02-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9780951
doi:10.3390/microorganisms10122393
PMID:36557646
Xylella fastidiosa in Europe: From the Introduction to the Current Status Trkulja V, Tomić A, Iličić R, Nožinić M, Milovanović TP Plant Pathol J 01-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9742796
doi:10.5423/PPJ.RW.09.2022.0127
PMID:36503185
Removal of pathogens from greywater using green roofs combined with chlorination Petousi I, Thomaidi V, Kalogerakis N, Fountoulakis MS Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 27-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9938822
doi:10.1007/s11356-022-23755-6
PMID:36289124
Sustainable green roofs: a comprehensive review of influential factors Shahmohammad M, Hosseinzadeh M, Dvorak B, Bordbar F, Shahmohammadmirab H, Aghamohammadi N Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 03-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9528882
doi:10.1007/s11356-022-23405-x
PMID:36190639
Xylella fastidiosa Infection Reshapes Microbial Composition and Network Associations in the Xylem of Almond Trees Anguita-Maeso M, Ares-Yebra A, Haro C, Román-Écija M, Olivares-García C, Costa J, Marco-Noales E, Ferrer A, Navas-Cortés JA, Landa BB Front Microbiol 14-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9330911
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.866085
PMID:35910659
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 31 December 2021 Delbianco A, Gibin D, Pasinato L, Boscia D, Morelli M EFSA J 15-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9198695
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7356
PMID:35734284

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
[(2S,5S,6R,7S,9S,11R,13S)-9,11-dihydroxy-13-(methoxymethyl)-5,9,13-trimethyl-4-oxo-3,12-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.02,6]tridec-1(10)-en-7-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 102321417 Click to see 410.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,7S,9R,9bS)-6,7,9-trihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3a,4,5,7,8,9b-hexahydro-3H-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 643640 Click to see 380.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101672241 Click to see 346.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101078309 Click to see 346.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9R,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 15922700 Click to see 378.40 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9R,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,8,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101143220 Click to see 378.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Guaianes
(2S)-2-(3,8-dimethylazulen-5-yl)propanoic acid 3083593 Click to see CC1=C2C=CC(=C2C=C(C=C1)C(C)C(=O)O)C 228.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2-hydroxy-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 163191857 Click to see 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2-hydroxy-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(Z)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 163191871 Click to see 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 101761236 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC(CC2C4=CCC5C(C4(CC3)CO)(CCC6C5(CC(C(C6(C)C(=O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(Z)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 101761237 Click to see 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
2-Hydroxy-8a-[4-hydroxy-3-[3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4,5-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 163018856 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC(CC2C4=CCC5C(C4(CC3)CO)(CCC6C5(CC(C(C6(C)C(=O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
8a-[3-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid 162891562 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC(CC2C4=CCC5C(C4(CC3)CO)(CCC6C5(CC(C(C6(C)C(=O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC 1397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200390247
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(3R,3aS,7R,10E,11aS)-7-hydroxy-3,10-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3,3a,4,5,7,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one 13821246 Click to see CC1C2CCC(=C)C(CCC(=CC2OC1=O)C)O 250.33 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Eudesmanolides, secoeudesmanolides, and derivatives
(3R,3aS,5aR,6R,9R,9aS,9bS)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,6,7,8,9a,9b-octahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2-one 14110909 Click to see 268.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Dihydrosantamarin 13895713 Click to see CC1C2CCC3(C(CC=C(C3C2OC1=O)C)O)C 250.33 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
Costunolide derivative 54607887 Click to see 250.33 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids
Betaine 247 Click to see 117.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Proline and derivatives
(-)-Stachydrine 115244 Click to see 143.18 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate 6971047 Click to see 115.13 unknown via CMAUP database
Betonicine 164642 Click to see 159.18 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Cholines
Choline 305 Click to see 104.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
11-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromeno[4,3-b]chromene-6,7-dione 11828061 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=CC=CC4=C3OC5=C(C4=O)C(=O)OC6=CC=CC=C65)CO)O)O)O)O)O 588.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromeno[4,3-b]chromene-6,7-dione 10886428 Click to see 588.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(6,7-dioxochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-4-yl)oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 11051313 Click to see 956.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(Z)-3-[4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl] benzoate 101168771 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)OC3C(OC(C(C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC6(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)COC(=O)C=CC8=CC=C(C=C8)O)COC(=O)C)O)O)O 1293.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(Z)-3-[3-methoxy-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoyl]oxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-[[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] benzoate 101168772 Click to see 1353.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-5-[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl] benzoate 101168773 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)COC(=O)C=CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)COC(=O)C=CC7=CC=C(C=C7)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC8=CC=C(C=C8)O 1251.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-3-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate 11018269 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4)CO)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O 822.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl] benzoate 11007719 Click to see 1239.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
[2-[6-Acetyloxy-5-[3-[3-methoxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoyloxy]-3,4-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] benzoate 163103836 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)OC3C(C(C(OC3OC(=O)C)OC4(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)OC(=O)C5=CC=CC=C5)COC(=O)C=CC6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)OC)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)O)O 1297.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Agsfisnxcbmplz-jmocgyexsa- 10920388 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)OC3C(OC(C(C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C=CC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)OC7(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC(=O)C8=CC=CC=C8)COC(=O)C=CC9=CC(=C(C=C9)O)OC)CO)OC)O)O)O 1445.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Crbqezwkyrdlsx-xvhikbfhsa- 11105218 Click to see 1281.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Dtsufarfcgsjau-ieafzcgxsa- 11040581 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)OC3C(OC(C(C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C=CC5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)OC7(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC(=O)C8=CC=CC=C8)COC(=O)C=CC9=CC(=C(C=C9)O)OC)COC(=O)C)OC)O)O)O 1487.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Ghvlmmxlljqwqx-hsfiyanasa- 11815204 Click to see 1269.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Gldxdbqxocjvqc-nnxmzcnrsa- 10942250 Click to see 1281.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Hbslywhwoubnad-uzwyezlysa- 10953321 Click to see 1251.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Kdrjmjvsppnkcb-hnwyzlhxsa- 10898548 Click to see 1311.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Qtqtwoleyzgysq-qlsgohfrsa- 11073296 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)OC3C(OC(C(C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C=CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)OC7(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC(=O)C8=CC=CC=C8)COC(=O)C=CC9=CC(=C(C=C9)O)OC)COC(=O)C)OC)O)O)O 1457.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Reiniose G 6325891 Click to see 1147.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
Yunbnnzsauthaw-qlsgohfrsa- 10855318 Click to see 1457.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Cycloheptafurans
(3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-4-(Acetyloxy)-3a,5,6,9b-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-4H-cyclohepta(2,1-b:3,4-c')difuran-2(3H)-one 15127111 Click to see 308.33 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2S,5S,6R,7S,9S)-9-hydroxy-5,9,13-trimethyl-4-oxo-3,12-dioxatricyclo[8.3.0.02,6]trideca-1(13),10-dien-7-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 102008485 Click to see 348.40 unknown via CMAUP database
2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (3S,3aR,4S,6S,9bS)-2,3,3a,5,6,9b-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxo-4H-cyclohepta(2,1-b:3,4-c')difuran-4-yl ester, (2Z)- 102008484 Click to see 348.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
[(3R,3aR,4S,9aS,9bR)-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] acetate 102014217 Click to see 304.34 unknown via CMAUP database
[(3S,3aR,4S,9aR,9bS)-9a-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] acetate 76764466 Click to see 320.30 unknown via CMAUP database
14-Deoxylactucin 156302 Click to see 260.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Austricin 6713966 Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C(C2OC1=O)C(=CC3=O)C)C)O 262.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Dehydroleucodine 73440 Click to see CC1=C2C(C3C(CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=CC2=O)C 244.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Hydroxyachillin 10038339 Click to see 262.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Matricarin 3083923 Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C(C2OC1=O)C(=CC3=O)C)C)OC(=O)C 304.34 unknown via CMAUP database
Matricin 92265 Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C=CC(C3C2OC1=O)(C)O)C)OC(=O)C 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Aurone flavonoids
Dalmaisione D 42607755 Click to see 562.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Quercetagetin-6,7-3',4'-tetramethyl Ether 5316832 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)O)OC 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
Isoschaftoside 3084995 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C(C(=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 564.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Schaftoside 442658 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=C3C(=C(C(=C2O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O 564.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
Luteolin 7-glucuronide 5280601 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 462.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside 5318767 Click to see 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Rutin 5280805 Click to see 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-glucoside 185766 Click to see 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside 5280704 Click to see 432.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Isorhoifolin 9851181 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC(=C4C(=C3)OC(=CC4=O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside 5280637 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Diosmetin 5281612 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Centaureidin 5315773 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Pectolinarigenin 5320438 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O 314.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Santin 5281695 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Artemetin 5320351 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)OC 388.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Eupatorin 97214 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)O 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Penduletin 4'-methyl ether 5318355 Click to see 358.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflavans / Isoflavanones / 3-prenylated isoflavanones
3-[2,4-Dihydroxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-7-hydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 101678896 Click to see 408.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010434N

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