Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Senna sophera is employed as a mild purgative and tonic in traditional systems that use the leaves and young pods. Among the Mapuche of southern Chile, pounded leaves are decocted to “clean the stomach” (Bennett et al., 2021). Ethiopian records report an infusion of leaves taken as a laxative (Giday et al., 2003). In southern India’s Ayurvedic practice, leaves are infused or decocted for “sotha” (congestion/inflammation), and fruit infusions are also used as carminatives (Sivarajan and Indira, 1994). In Nigeria, village healers prepare a leaf infusion for feverish children and as a purgative, adding a pinch of salt to improve taste (Idu et al., 2010).

Plant parts most commonly used are the leaflets and young pods, taken as teas or decoctions. A typical preparation is a mild leaf tea: roughly 3–5 g of dried leaflets steeped in 200–250 mL just-boiled water for 10–15 minutes, and drunk warm. An alternative is a short decoction of about 10 g of fresh leaves boiled for 5 minutes in 250 mL water, then strained and cooled slightly before drinking. For a standard tincture, macerate 20 g of air‑dried leaves in 100 mL of 45% ethanol (≈1:5 w/v) for 14 days, shake daily, then filter. Because Senna sophera contains anthraquinone glycosides similar to other Senna species, short, moderate doses are customary and longer courses are avoided; do not use during pregnancy or with intestinal obstruction, and do not exceed labeled instructions from a qualified practitioner (WHO, 1999).

Well-established constituents for the species include anthraquinone glycosides such as emodin‑8‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside and sennosides A/B, which explain the purgative activity, along with flavonoids and phenolics that may contribute to toning and anti-inflammatory effects (Malviya et al., 2011; Wood and Osborne, 2010; Oliver-Bever, 1986).

Today, Senna sophera remains a minor commercial laxative in parts of South Asia and Africa, and interest in anthraquinone‑rich Senna species continues in pharmacology and pharmacognosy (Malviya et al., 2011).

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Green fodder and hay; occasionally fresh leaf vegetable.

Industrial and craft applications:
Composted green manure; soil amendment for nitrogen fertilization through biological fixation and leaf litter incorporation. No documented fiber or wood uses.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Leaves used as a leafy vegetable; no processed products are documented.

Colorants and tanning:
No documented dye or tannin uses.

Wood and fiber:
No documented timber or bast fiber uses.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented uses.

Properties relevant to use:
Nitrogen fixation enabling fertility input; leaves nutritive for ruminants.

Standards and regulation:
No specific standards for non-medicinal uses are documented.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Widely cultivated and naturalized in the Indian subcontinent; grown as a field fodder and fallow re-vegetator to improve soil nitrogen status.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Cassia socotrana	Serrato	Webbia26: 27 (1971)
Cassia sophera	L.	Sp. Pl.: 379 (1753)
Cassia linearis	Michx.	Fl. Bor.-Amer.1: 261 (1803)
Cassia patula	Aiton	Hort. Kew.2: 51 (1789)
Cassia proboscidea	Pollard	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club23: 281 (1896)
Cassia canca	Cav.	Descr. Pl.: 132 (1801)
Cassia occidentalis var. sophera	(L.) Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl.1: 170 (1891)
Cassia sophera var. ligustrinoides	Benth.	Trans. Linn. Soc. London27: 533 (1871)
Cassia occidentalis var. glabra	DC.	Prodr.2: 497 (1825)
Chamaefistula sophera	(L.) G.Don	Gen. Hist.2: 452 (1832)
Cassia frutescens	Mill.	Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.° 2 (1768)
Ditremexa sophera	(L.) Britton & Rose	N.L.Britton & P.Wilson, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands5: 372 (1924)
Senna socotrana	(Serrato) Lock	Kew Bull.43: 340 (1988)
Cassia torosa	Cav.	Descr. Pl.: 131 (1801)
Senna sophera var. sophera	(L.) Roxb.
Cassia indica	Poir.	J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 2: 126 (1811)
Senna esculenta	Roxb.	Fl. Ind.2: 346 (1824)
Senna sophera var. purpurea	(Roxb. ex Lindl.) V.Singh	J. Econ. Taxon. Bot.16: 600 (1992)
Senna purpurea	Roxb.	Fl. Ind.2: 342 (1824)
Cassia purpurea	Roxb. ex Lindl.	Bot. Reg.10: t. 856 (1824)
Cassia sophera var. purpurea	(Roxb. ex Lindl.) Voigt	Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 248 (1845)
Cassia sopheroides	Roxb.
Cassia atroviridis	Span.	Linnaea15: 201 (1841)
Cassia atropurpurea	Benth.	Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27(4): 533, sphalm. 1871 [11 Nov 1871]
Octelisia aurea	Raf.	Sylva Tellur.: 130 (1838)
Senna officinalis	Gaertn.	Fruct. Sem. Pl.2: 312 (1791)
Senna lanceolata	Link	Handbuch2: 140 (1831)
Cassia aegyptiaca	Willd.	Enum. Pl.: 442 (1809)
Cassia coromandeliana	Jacq.	Fragm. Bot.: 67 (1809)
Cassia robinioides	Willd.	Enum. Pl.: 443 (1809)
Cassia ruscifolia	Jacq.	Icon. Pl. Rar.1: t. 71 (1783)
Cassia torulosa	Poir.	J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 2: 127 (1811)
Chamaefistula chinensis	G.Don	Gen. Hist.2: 452 (1832)
Chamaefistula coromandelina	(Jacq.) G.Don	Gen. Hist.2: 452 (1832)
Chamaefistula torosa	(Cav.) G.Don	Gen. Hist.2: 452 (1832)
Cassia sophera subsp. purpurea	(Roxb. ex Lindl.) Bennet	Fl. Howrah Distr.: 184 (1979)
Cassia sophera var. torulosa	Benth.	Trans. Linn. Soc. London27: 533 (1871)
Cassia sophera var. penghuana	Y.C.Liu & F.Y.Lu	Quart. J. Chin. Forest.12(4): 76 (1979)
Senna occidentalis var. sophera	(L.) X.Y.Zhu	Legumes China: 29 (2007)
Cassia sopheroides	Collad.	Hist. Nat. Méd. Casses: 133 (1816)
Cassia lanceolata	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 1: 456 (1805)
Cassia geminiflora	Schrank	Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. : t. 26 (1819)
Cassia esculenta	Roxb.	Hort. Bengal. : 31 (1814)
Cassia chinensis	Jacq.	Collectanea 1: 64 (1787)
Cassia ligustrina	Forssk. ex Benth.	Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27: 533 (1871)
Senna sophera var. penghuana	(Y.C.Liu & F.Y.Lu) S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 4: 309 (2022)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	algarrobilla
Azerbaijani	cassia sophera
Bengali	কল্কাসুন্দা
Gujarati	કાસુંદરી
Malayalam	പൊന്നാന്തകര
Burmese	ကစော့ပုပ်ငယ်
Tamil	ஞாழல்
Tonga	matui
Chinese	槐叶决明
Chinese	茳芒决明
Chinese	望江南
Chinese	槐叶决明*(茳芒决明）
Chinese	茳芒
Chinese	茳芒根
Chinese	槐葉决明

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia
  - Socotra
  - Somalia
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
  - Ghana
  - Ivory Coast
  - Liberia
  - Nigeria
  - Sierra Leone
  - Togo
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Gulf Of Guinea Islands
  - Zaïre
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Comoros
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
- Western Asia
  - Iraq

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Maldives
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Philippines
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - New Guinea

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Queensland

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Marianas
  - Marshall Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - New Caledonia
  - Samoa
  - Tonga

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil Northeast
- Caribbean
  - Aruba
  - Bahamas
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Netherlands Antilles
  - Puerto Rico
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Honduras
  - Panamá
- Northern South America
  - Guyana
  - Venezuela
- Western South America
  - Colombia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000164857
USDA Plants	SESO2
Tropicos	13032866
INPN	630647
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518364-1
The Plant List	ild-1128
Open Tree Of Life	640188
Observations.org	198962
NCBI Taxonomy	948718
IPNI	518364-1
iNaturalist	594433
GBIF	2957379
Freebase	/m/0fqmvhw
EPPO	CASSO
EOL	418265
Elurikkus	341318
USDA GRIN	100060
Wikipedia	Senna_sophera
CMAUP	NPO15478

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Natural-derived acetophenones: chemistry and pharmacological activities

Ahmadpourmir H, Attar H, Asili J, Soheili V, Taghizadeh SF, Shakeri A

Nat Prod Bioprospect

10-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11087454
doi:	10.1007/s13659-024-00447-x
PMID:	38727781

Integrated Network Pharmacology Approach to Evaluate Bioactive Phytochemicals of Acalypha indica and Their Mechanistic Actions to Suppress Target Genes of Tuberculosis

Harakeh S, Niyazi HA, Niyazi HA, Abdalal SA, Mokhtar JA, Almuhayawi MS, Alkuwaity KK, Abujamel TS, Slama P, Haque S

ACS Omega

29-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10795024
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.3c05589
PMID:	38250414

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in chronic liver diseases and its mitigation by medicinal plants

Sharma P, Nandave M, Nandave D, Yadav S, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Singh S, Tandon R, Ramniwas S, Behl T

Am J Transl Res

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10703659
PMID:	38074830

PhytoSelectDBT: A database for the molecular models of anti-diabetic targets docked with bioactive peptides from selected ethno-medicinal plants

Roy S, Teron R, Nikku Linga R

Bioinformation

30-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10625370
doi:	10.6026/97320630019908
PMID:	37928486

Implementation of machine learning in DNA barcoding for determining the plant family taxonomy

Riza LS, Zain MI, Izzuddin A, Prasetyo Y, Hidayat T, Abu Samah KA

Heliyon

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10520734
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20161
PMID:	37767518

Performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on paddy straw, water hyacinth and their combinations

Subedi S, Kunwar N, Pandey KR, Joshi YR

Heliyon

16-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10458699
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19051
PMID:	37636434

Allelopathy: an alternative tool for sustainable agriculture

Ain Q, Mushtaq W, Shadab M, Siddiqui MB

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

24-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10172429
doi:	10.1007/s12298-023-01305-9
PMID:	37187777

Biochar-Dual Oxidant Composite Particles Alleviate the Oxidative Stress of Phenolic Acid on Tomato Seed Germination

Tu Y, Shen J, Peng Z, Xu Y, Li Z, Liang J, Wei Q, Zhao H, Huang J

Antioxidants (Basel)

11-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10136075
doi:	10.3390/antiox12040910
PMID:	37107285

Ethnobotanical study on herbal tea drinks in Guangxi, China

Long T, Hu R, Cheng Z, Xu C, Hu Q, Liu Q, Gu R, Huang Y, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

31-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10064729
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00579-3
PMID:	37004116

Assessment of in vivo antiepileptic potential and phytochemical analysis of Cassia absus seed extracts

Ullah MI, Anwar R, Zia M, Gul B, Kamran S, Kamran SH

Heliyon

28-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10102194
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14660
PMID:	37064443

Differential activity of wheat antioxidant defense system and alterations in the accumulation of osmolytes at different developmental stages as influenced by marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) leachates

Mir RA, Argal S, Ahanger MA, Jatav KS, Agarwal RM

Front Plant Sci

01-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9751799
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2022.1001394
PMID:	36531349

Climate change and allergic diseases: An overview

Singh AB, Kumar P

Front Allergy

13-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9606573
doi:	10.3389/falgy.2022.964987
PMID:	36310569

GC-MS Analysis, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Senna singueana (Delile) Grown in Kenya

Ochieng Nyalo P, Isanda Omwenga G, Piero Ngugi M

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

18-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9410794
doi:	10.1155/2022/5436476
PMID:	36034966

Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Associated Risk Factors in sub-Saharan Africa

Odukoya JO, Odukoya JO, Mmutlane EM, Ndinteh DT

Plants (Basel)

23-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9143319
doi:	10.3390/plants11101387
PMID:	35631812

Plant-Derived Natural Products as Lead Agents against Common Respiratory Diseases

Oriola AO, Oyedeji AO

Molecules

10-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9144277
doi:	10.3390/molecules27103054
PMID:	35630531

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
7-Acetylrinderine	185847	Click to see	341.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rinderine	442758	Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)O)O	299.36	unknown	via CMAUP database
Supinine	108053	Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1CCC2)O	283.36	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes
(10S)-10-[(9S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl-10-oxo-9H-anthracen-9-yl]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-10H-anthracen-9-one	162914719	Click to see	538.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
(S)-3,4-Dihydro-3,8,9-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-1(2H)-anthracene	13368875	Click to see	288.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
1(2H)-Anthracenone, 3,4-dihydro-3,8,9-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-	10446798	Click to see CC1(CC2=CC3=CC(=CC(=C3C(=C2C(=O)C1)O)O)OC)O	288.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
Physcion-10,10'-bianthrone	179377	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC(=C5)C)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)OC)C=C(C=C3O)OC	538.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
1,4,5-Trihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione	12444971	Click to see	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
Floribundone 1	11757663	Click to see	566.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
Physcion	10639	Click to see	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Protocatechuic Acid	72	Click to see	154.12	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes
4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)benzoic acid	226122	Click to see CC(C)(C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O)O	180.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenol esters
(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid 2-isopropenyl-5-methylphenyl ester	10977290	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C)C(=C)C	230.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
8,9-Dehydrothymol isobutyrate	11356419	Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(=C)C)OC(=O)C(C)C	218.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
9-Acetoxy-8,10-Dehydrothymol 3-O-Tiglate	10869933	Click to see	288.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Cresols / Meta cresols
9-Hydroxy-8,10-Dehydrothymol	20669228	Click to see	164.20	unknown	via CMAUP database
9-O-Angeloyl-8,10-Dehydrothymol	53355237	Click to see	246.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Arylnaphthalene lignans
1,8-Dihydroxy-2-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-1,4-dioxoanthracen-9-yl)-3-methoxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione	154496800	Click to see	550.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2-(2,5,10-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-1,3-dihydroanthracen-9-yl)anthracene-9,10-dione	102318018	Click to see	570.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2-[(2R)-2,5,10-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-1,3-dihydroanthracen-9-yl]anthracene-9,10-dione	162877469	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C2=O)OC)C4=C5CC(CC(=O)C5=C(C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)OC)O)(C)O)O	570.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
2-(5,10-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-1,4-dioxo-2,3-dihydroanthracen-9-yl)-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione	162866490	Click to see	568.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
2-[(2R)-5,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-1,4-dioxo-2,3-dihydroanthracen-9-yl]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione	163195627	Click to see	568.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
5,10-Dihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl-9-(1,6,9-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-8-oxo-5,7-dihydroanthracen-2-yl)anthracene-1,4-dione	102318023	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=C3C(=O)C=C(C(=O)C3=C2C4=C(C5=C(C6=C(CC(CC6=O)(C)O)C=C5C=C4OC)O)O)OC)O	570.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
5,10-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl-9-[(6R)-1,6,9-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-8-oxo-5,7-dihydroanthracen-2-yl]anthracene-1,4-dione	162880128	Click to see	570.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
5,10-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl-9-[(6S)-1,6,9-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-8-oxo-5,7-dihydroanthracen-2-yl]anthracene-1,4-dione	154497273	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=C3C(=O)C=C(C(=O)C3=C2C4=C(C5=C(C6=C(CC(CC6=O)(C)O)C=C5C=C4OC)O)O)OC)O	570.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
9-(1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)-5,10-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methylanthracene-1,4-dione	101691100	Click to see	566.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00031-4
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
Neryl acetate	1549025	Click to see	196.29	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
1-Octacosanol	68406	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO	410.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Catalpic acid	5385589	Click to see CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	278.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols / Glycosyldiacylglycerols / 1,2-diacyl-3-O-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerols
[(2S)-2-[(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate	10509461	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC	781.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(1R,2R,4bR,6R,7R,8aS)-2-ethenyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-1,5,6,7,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthren-3-one	56954823	Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(C1O)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C	332.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(1R,4S,6S,9S,10S,13S)-6-hydroxy-5,5,9,13-tetramethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadec-14-ene-7,12-dione	5352023	Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C=C3)(C(=O)CC4C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)C)C	316.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2R,4aS,4bS,7R,8aS)-2-ethenyl-7-hydroxy-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-4,4a,5,6,7,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthren-3-one	101448906	Click to see	302.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
17-Norkaur-15-ene-3,12-dione, 13-methyl-, (8beta,13beta)-	100926172	Click to see	300.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
2beta,3alpha-Dihydroxybeyer-15-en-12-one	44448252	Click to see	318.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beyerene	107412	Click to see	272.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene	12314280	Click to see	272.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
yucalexin P-15	44448251	Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)(C)C=C)O)C	330.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
yucalexin P-17	44448241	Click to see	318.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids
Ent-Kaurene	11966109	Click to see	272.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Villanovane, atisane, trachylobane or helvifulvane diterpenoids / Atisane diterpenoids
Atis-13-en-3-one, 16-hydroxy-, (5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha,12alpha)-	100926173	Click to see	302.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
(E)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate	91698167	Click to see	232.32	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-(propan-2-yl)phenol	14002478	Click to see	166.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
P-Cymene	7463	Click to see	134.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymohydroquinone	95779	Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1O)C(C)C)O	166.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymol	6989	Click to see	150.22	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymol isobutyrate	228738	Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(C)C)OC(=O)C(C)C	220.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
Thymyl methyl ether	14104	Click to see	164.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
Rel-(1r,2s,3r,4r,6s)p-menthane-1,2,3,6-tetrol	11542987	Click to see	204.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
trans-5-Hydroxy-p-menth-1(6)-en-2-one	6429209	Click to see	168.23	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
Clovanediol	15599878	Click to see	238.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Agarofurans
[(1R,9R)-6,10,10-trimethyl-11-oxatricyclo[7.2.1.01,6]dodec-2-en-2-yl]methanol	5316435	Click to see	236.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids
(1R,4aR,6R,8aS)-8a-methyl-4-methylidene-6-propan-2-yl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,4a-diol	636618	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC2(C(CCC(=C)C2(C1)O)O)C	238.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-Epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6beta-diol	11746695	Click to see CC(C)C1CCC2(C(CCC(=C)C2C1O)O)C	238.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
Voleneol	14137570	Click to see	238.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(2R,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-2,4a,6b,9,9,12a,14a-heptamethyl-10-oxo-3,4,5,6a,7,8,8a,11,12,13,14,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picene-2-carboxylic acid	102134163	Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1=O)C)CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C	454.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isotaraxerol	12443227	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Taraxerol	92097	Click to see	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Taraxerone	92785	Click to see	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
[(3aR,4R,6Z,10E,11aR)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (E)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)but-2-enoate	23258872	Click to see	420.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene	5280489	Click to see	536.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(4aS,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one	38359273	Click to see	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-yl] hexadecanoate	14055767	Click to see	665.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] hexadecanoate	11636139	Click to see	683.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-Amyrone	12306160	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Dammaradienyl acetate	14137680	Click to see	468.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
Lupenone	92158	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	14313591	Click to see	442.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(E,1R,4S)-4-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-2-enyl]-8,10,13-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	23246947	Click to see	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	12943207	Click to see	410.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
3,6-Caryolanediol	21726648	Click to see	238.37	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides
Epilotaustralin	185818	Click to see CCC(C)(C#N)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O	261.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Linamarin	11128	Click to see	247.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
2-((6-O-(beta-D-apiofuranosyl)beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)propane	10316099	Click to see	354.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
ethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	121667	Click to see CCOC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O	208.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans
Euparin methyl ether	182181	Click to see	230.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
Dehydroascorbic Acid	440667	Click to see	174.11	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Piperidines
(3S,5S)-piperidine-3,4,5-triol	10080444	Click to see	133.15	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
O-Coumaric Acid	637540	Click to see	164.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides
Esculin	5281417	Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	340.28	unknown	via CMAUP database
Scopolin	439514	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin	5281416	Click to see	178.14	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin	5280460	Click to see	192.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin	9064	Click to see	290.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Eupatolin	5317290	Click to see	492.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside	5318767	Click to see	594.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	via CMAUP database

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Senna sophera

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Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

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