Rumex chalepensis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64404b6159c24040254496 |
| Scientific name | Rumex chalepensis |
| Authority | Mill. |
| First published in | Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 11 (1768) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Young leaves (raw or cooked) used as a leafy vegetable.
- Seeds ground into flour for baking or thickening soups.
- Whole‑plant extracts employed as natural brown/yellow dyes.
- Root extracts used as vegetable tanning agents (tannins).
Industrial and craft applications:
- Dye extracts from leaves and stems are used in textile dyeing to obtain yellow‑to‑orange shades on wool, silk, and cotton; the extracts can be applied directly or after concentration.
- Tannin‑rich root extracts are employed in leather tanning to produce light‑brown, water‑resistant hides.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Fresh leaves, harvested before flowering, are eaten raw in salads or cooked as a pot herb, providing a mildly sour flavor comparable to other dock species.
- Fully ripe seeds are dried, milled into a coarse flour, and incorporated into breads or used as a thickener in soups.
Colorants and tanning:
- The aerial parts contain anthraquinone pigments (e.g., emodin, rhein); aqueous extracts yield yellow‑to‑orange colors suitable for natural dyeing of protein fibers (wool, silk) and, with mordants, for cotton.
- Roots are rich in hydrolyzable tannins; aqueous extracts are applied in vegetable tanning to impart a light‑brown color and improve leather durability.
Properties relevant to use:
- Anthraquinone concentration in leaves and stems is typically 2–5 % of dry weight, producing strong color in water extracts.
- Tannin content of roots reaches 10–15 % of dry weight; the tannins are hydrolyzable, with molecular weights suitable for leather fixation.
- Plant material has low lignin content (≈ 10 % dry weight), facilitating extraction of pigments and tannins without extensive preprocessing.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Rumex chalepensis is widely distributed across Mediterranean montane grasslands and can be sustainably harvested from wild populations; controlled collection of 20–30 % of aerial biomass per year maintains regeneration.
- Cultivation trials on marginal soils with minimal irrigation indicate the species can be grown as a low‑input source for natural dye and tannin production.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Rumex alveolatus | Losinsk. | Fl. Turkmen. 2(1): 44 (1937) |
| Rumex dictyocarpus | Boiss. & Buhse | Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 192 (1860) |
| Rumex drobovii | Korovin | Key Pl. Envir. Tashkent, ed. Popov 84 (1924). |
| Rumex foveolatus | Losinsk. | Fl. URSS 5: 478, 717. 1936 |
| Rumex losinskajae | Rech.f. | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48: 164 (1940) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Chinese | 网果酸模 |
| Chinese | 血当归 |
| Chinese | 網果酸模 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
-
China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Xinjiang
-
Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
-
Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Pakistan
- West Himalaya
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001100853 |
| Tropicos | 26000106 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:696983-1 |
| The Plant List | tro-26000106 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 5920120 |
| Observations.org | 121585 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1786032 |
| IPNI | 696983-1 |
| iNaturalist | 1142414 |
| GBIF | 4035494 |
| EOL | 2904248 |
| Elurikkus | 454990 |
| USDA GRIN | 408313 |
| CMAUP | NPO16419 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Harmala alkaloids | |||||
| Harman | 5281404 | Click to see CC1=NC=CC2=C1NC3=CC=CC=C23 | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Yohimbine alkaloids | |||||
| Rauniticine | 72338 | Click to see | 352.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones | |||||
| Chrysophanol | 10208 | Click to see | 254.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Physcion | 10639 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones | |||||
| Emodin | 3220 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00071-E |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 135 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O | 138.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives | |||||
| Syringic Acid | 10742 | Click to see | 198.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters | |||||
| Ethyl gallate | 13250 | Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O | 198.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Vanillic Acid | 8468 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)O)O | 168.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters | |||||
| Ethyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate | 77547 | Click to see CCOC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O | 182.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Catechols | |||||
| Catechol | 289 | Click to see | 110.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenetriols and derivatives / Pyrogallols and derivatives / 5-unsubstituted pyrrogallols | |||||
| Pyrogallol | 1057 | Click to see | 126.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Vwjsnopypvuarg-bpnnxiafsa- | 14355560 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CC(C5C4(CCC(C5=C)O)C)O)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC | 486.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes | |||||
| 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde | 8768 | Click to see | 138.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indolizidines | |||||
| Isocorynoxeine | 3037448 | Click to see | 382.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isomitraphylline | 11726520 | Click to see | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isopteropodine | 9885603 | Click to see | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Mitraphylline | 94160 | Click to see | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pteropodine | 10429112 | Click to see CC1C2CN3CCC4(C3CC2C(=CO1)C(=O)OC)C5=CC=CC=C5NC4=O | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Speciophylline | 168985 | Click to see | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Uncarine F | 12304288 | Click to see | 368.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| Cis-P-Coumaric Acid | 1549106 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Ferulic Acid | 445858 | Click to see | 194.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| P-Coumaric Acid | 637542 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Quercetin | 5280343 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9109700001 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Quercitrin | 5280459 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00071-E https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9109700001 |
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00071-E |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans | |||||
| 1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one | 11602329 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC | 328.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9109700001 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |