Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Fringed rue (Ruta chalepensis) has long been valued across the Mediterranean and Middle East as a bitter aromatic for digestion and external complaints. In Moroccan tradition the leaves are taken as a mild tea or chewed after meals to soothe colic and indigestion (Zniber et al., 2015). Egyptians prepare infusions of the aerial parts for intestinal discomfort, fever, and dyspepsia (Abdel-Aal et al., 2021), while Lebanese herbalists brew a leaf “tea” to relieve coughs, colds, and gastrointestinal aches (Hariri et al., 2018). Across these regions the bitter principle and volatile oils are perceived to stimulate gastric secretion, relieve flatulence, and ease crampy pain.

Topical applications are also well recorded. In Malta the leaves are warmed and applied as a poultice to aching muscles and bruises (Schembri, 2006). Herbalists in Morocco pound fresh leaves into a paste with olive oil or water for inflammatory skin eruptions and insect bites (Benali et al., 2016). A 2018 Lebanese study notes women make compresses from rue leaves to relieve menstrual cramps (Dagher et al., 2018). In each case, practitioners emphasize moderation and short duration due to the plant’s strong nature.

A simple “mild digestive tea” can be made from 1–2 teaspoons of dried, crumbled aerial parts (or 5–6 fresh leaves) infused in 250 mL of just‑boiled water for 5–7 minutes. For a stronger infusion used as a cough aid in Lebanon, 6–8 fresh leaves are steeped for 10 minutes. Because Ruta is a photosensitizing plant and uterine stimulant, keep doses small; avoid in pregnancy, nursing, and photosensitive individuals; and apply only to intact skin, rinsing any residue and avoiding sun exposure afterwards.

R. chalepensis contains furanocoumarins (e.g., psoralen, bergapten) that explain its phototoxic skin reactions and also contribute antibacterial effects in vitro (Benali et al., 2016). The essential oil is rich in 2‑undecanone, 2‑nonanone, and limonene, supporting antimicrobial and carminative actions (Hariri et al., 2018). The bitter alkaloids and coumarins typically present in Ruta, such as quinolinone alkaloids and coumarins, are also linked to its traditional digestive and antispasmodic reputation (Cowan, 1999). Although parts are sold as herbal tea in Mediterranean markets and distilled oil remains in demand, modern research is still defining its safety window and refining quality controls for culinary and medicinal products.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
• Essential oil (distilled from fresh aerial parts), characterized by high levels of 2-nonanone and 2-decanone, with minor esters and hydrocarbons.

Industrial and craft applications:
• Fragrance raw material in soaps, detergents, and laundry products due to a fresh, herbaceous, slightly spicy aroma and moderate persistence; also used in minute proportions in fine fragrances.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages and selected foods, typically at trace levels; listed by FEMA as GRAS and approved for food flavoring use under EU regulations when used in accordance with purity specifications and proposed usage levels.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
• Component of perfumes, aromatherapy bases, and functional fragrances; employed where a green/herbal note is desired; recommended inclusion rates low to avoid sensitizing potential; does not denote any health or therapeutic benefit.

Properties relevant to use:
• Oil composition: 2-nonanone (C9 ketone) and 2-decanone (C10 ketone) are major constituents, contributing crisp, fruity-herbaceous notes; moderate vapor pressure supports diffusion without heavy persistence.

Standards and regulation:
• Essential oil subject to ISO/ASTM/EN quality specifications for physical constants (specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation) and GC profile ranges; FDA/EU provisions for flavoring substances (FEMA GRAS status; EU Flavouring Regulation 1334/2008, Annex I/II) apply when used as flavoring; IFRA guidelines inform safe dermal/leave-on inclusion and sensitization considerations; allergen labeling thresholds (IFRA/cosmetic regulations) are relevant when used in leave-on products.

Sustainability and sourcing:
• Wild-harvested in parts of its range; cultivation preferable to maintain oil supply consistency and reduce pressure on wild populations; overharvesting can impact local availability of the species.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ruta fumariifolia	Boiss. & Heldr.	Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 125 (1849)
Ruta ulyssiponensis	Houtt.	Nat. Hist. 2(5): 55 (1775)
Ruta punctata	Presl ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch	Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 3: 88 (1831)
Ruta bracteosa	DC.	Prodr. 1: 710 (1824)
Ruta latifolia	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 320. 1796 [Nov-Dec 1796]

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	fringed rue
Amharic	ጤና ኣዳም
Arabic	سذاب حلبي
Arabic	سكب
Arabic	شذب
German	gefranste raute
Persian	راتا چلپنسیس
Hebrew	פיגם מצוי
Malayalam	അരൂത
su	inggu
Chinese	叙利亚芸香

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Ruta chalepensis subsp. chalepensis		Unknown
Ruta chalepensis subsp. fumariifolia	(Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 143 (1878)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Cape Verde
  - Madeira
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Djibouti
  - Ethiopia
  - Socotra
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Gulf Of Guinea Islands

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Sicilia
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexican Pacific Islands
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southwest
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
- Central America
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Chile Central
  - Chile North
  - Juan Fernández Islands
- Western South America
  - Ecuador
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000463803
UNII	9P38G8O4XM
USDA Plants	RUCH4
Tropicos	28100523
Flora of Italy	2988
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775070-1
The Plant List	kew-2527496
Open Tree Of Life	504804
Observations.org	121612
NCBI Taxonomy	452790
Nature Serve	2.141464
IPNI	775070-1
iNaturalist	78917
GBIF	3190381
Freebase	/m/0c006bk
EPPO	RUACH
EOL	581904
Calflora (Californian flora)	7240
USDA GRIN	32577
Wikipedia	Ruta_chalepensis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Micropropagation and Genetic Fidelity of Fegra Fig (Ficus palmata Forssk.) and Grafting Compatibility of the Regenerated Plants with Ficus carica

Al-Aizari AA, Dewir YH, Ghazy AH, Al-Doss A, Al-Obeed RS

Plants (Basel)

06-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085510
doi:	10.3390/plants13091278
PMID:	38732493

Medicinal ethnoveterinary plants used for treating livestock ailments in the omo-gibe and rift valley basins of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Bojago E, Abrham Y

BMC Vet Res

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11059770
doi:	10.1186/s12917-024-04019-6
PMID:	38689300

Traditional lore on the healing effects of therapeutic plants used by the local communities around Simien Mountains National Park, northwestern Ethiopia

Seraw E, Melkamu Y, Masresha G

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

17-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11025143
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00678-9
PMID:	38632559

Phenolic profiling and bioactivity assessment of in vitro propagated Psidium cattleianum Sabine: A promising study

El-Deeb EM, Elsayed HE, Ateya HB, Taha HS, Elgindi MR, Abouelenein D, Caprioli G, Lai KH, Mustafa AM, Moharram FA

Heliyon

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11033136
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29379
PMID:	38644814

Medical magnetic resonance imaging publications in Arab countries: A 25-year bibliometric analysis

Albadayneh BA, Alrawashdeh A, Obeidat N, Al-Dekah AM, Zghool AW, Abdelrahman M

Heliyon

26-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10999917
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28512
PMID:	38590895

Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and ethnomedicinal use of plants in the Tropical Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Tekalign W, Bojago E, Abrham Y

Heliyon

13-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10955238
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27528
PMID:	38515698

Plants from Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Mexico Used to Treat Respiratory Diseases: A Review

Dávila-Rangel IE, Charles-Rodríguez AV, López-Romero JC, Flores-López ML

Plants (Basel)

11-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974781
doi:	10.3390/plants13060792
PMID:	38592789

Medicinal Plants Used by Oromo Community in Kofale District, West-Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Nuro GB, Tolossa K, Giday M

J Exp Pharmacol

05-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10929209
doi:	10.2147/JEP.S449496
PMID:	38476311

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local Gamo people in Boreda Abaya District, Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia

Zemede J, Mekuria T, Ochieng CO, Onjalalaina GE, Hu GW

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

28-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10900619
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00666-z
PMID:	38419092

Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and their utilization by the people of Soro District, Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia

Hankiso M, Asfaw Z, Warkineh B, Abebe A, Sisay B, Debella A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

22-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10885532
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00651-6
PMID:	38389077

Exploring the benefits of wild plants in dietary nutrition: investigating perspectives, choices, health impacts and sustainable practices

Anwar T, Qureshi H, Shahzadi S, Siddiqi EH, Ali HM, Abdelhamid MM, Nazim M

BMC Complement Med Ther

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10865668
doi:	10.1186/s12906-024-04379-4
PMID:	38355544

Nanoencapsulation and delivery of bioactive ingredients using zein nanocarriers: approaches, characterization, applications, and perspectives

Lei Y, Lee Y

Food Sci Biotechnol

10-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10908974
doi:	10.1007/s10068-023-01489-6
PMID:	38440671

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local people in Habru District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

Alemu M, Asfaw Z, Lulekal E, Warkineh B, Debella A, Sisay B, Debebe E

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10768247
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00644-x
PMID:	38178202

Understanding the Lost: Reconstruction of the Garden Design of Villa Peretti Montalto (Rome, Italy) for Urban Valorization

Bartoli F, D’Amato L, Nucera A, Albani Rocchetti G, Caneva G

Plants (Basel)

26-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780482
doi:	10.3390/plants13010077
PMID:	38202385

Improvement in Yield of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Edelweiss Callus Treated with LED Light and Enhancement of Skin Anti-Aging Indicators

Kim MJ, Ko H, Kim JY, Kim HJ, Kim HY, Cho HE, Cho HD, Seo WS, Kang HC

Curr Issues Mol Biol

16-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10742862
doi:	10.3390/cimb45120634
PMID:	38132480

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
3-Ethenyl-3,7-dimethyloct-6-enoic acid	13128171	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(CC(=O)O)C=C)C	196.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
(2S)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-methylpentan-1-ol	163079449	Click to see	222.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
2-Hexanone, 6-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)	529777	Click to see CC(=O)CCCCC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	220.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
2-Octanone, 8-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)	529778	Click to see CC(=O)CCCCCCC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040
5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-methylpentan-1-ol	163079448	Click to see	222.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives
2-[6-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)hexyl]-4-methoxyquinoline	9998809	Click to see	363.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Graveolinine	11044132	Click to see	279.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Benzoquinolines / Acridines / Acridones
(2S)-2-[(2R)-1-chloro-2-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-5-hydroxy-11-methyl-1,2-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]acridin-6-one	16040191	Click to see	359.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
(2S)-2-[(2S)-1-chloro-2-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-5-hydroxy-11-methyl-1,2-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]acridin-6-one	163033393	Click to see CC(CCl)(C1CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2N(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)C)O)O	359.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
(2S)-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,11-dihydro-1H-furo[2,3-c]acridin-6-one	163188873	Click to see	277.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
1-Hydroxy-10-methyl-9(10H)-acridinone	5376484	Click to see	225.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
13-Methyl-3,5,8-trioxa-13-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,6.07,11.014,19]icosa-1,6,9,11,14,16,18-heptaen-20-one	13994698	Click to see	293.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8
2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,11-dihydro-1H-furo[2,3-c]acridin-6-one	162978692	Click to see	277.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
20-Hydroxyrutacridone epoxide	100916216	Click to see	339.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511
Arborinine	5281832	Click to see CN1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C31)OC)OC)O	285.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5
Hallacridone	14380428	Click to see CC(=O)C1=CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2N(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)C)O	307.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511
Isogravacridonechlorine	5486900	Click to see CC(CCl)(C1CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2N(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)C)O)O	359.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Rutacridone	5281849	Click to see CC(=C)C1CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2N(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)C)O	307.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962480 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Rutacridone epoxide	5281850	Click to see CC1(CO1)C2CC3=C(O2)C=C(C4=C3N(C5=CC=CC=C5C4=O)C)O	323.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Furanoquinolines
9-Ethyl-7,8-dimethoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinolin-4-one	86029255	Click to see	273.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(82)85091-7
9-Ethyl-8-methoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinolin-4-one	86029253	Click to see	243.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1981-0921 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(82)85091-7
Dictamnine	68085	Click to see	199.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409
Furo(2,3-b)quinolin-4(9H)-one, 9-ethyl-7-methoxy-	157583	Click to see	243.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1981-0921
Gamma-Fagarine	107936	Click to see	229.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5
Kokusaginine	10227	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC	259.26	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6259197/ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
Maculosidine	68222	Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)N=C3C(=C2OC)C=CO3	259.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Pteleine	159650	Click to see	229.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Skimmianine	6760	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC	259.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives / Hydroquinolones
2-(7-Hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-methylquinolin-4-one	162879375	Click to see	295.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5
2-[6-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)hexyl]-1H-quinolin-4-one	10450485	Click to see C1OC2=C(O1)C=C(C=C2)CCCCCCC3=CC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N3	349.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-quinolone	182073	Click to see	189.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Graveoline	353825	Click to see	279.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Methyl Rosmarinate	6479915	Click to see COC(=O)C(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O	374.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
3-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-propen-1-yl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one	182049	Click to see	274.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409
6-(2-Methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-h]chromen-8-one	13994699	Click to see	258.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides
Rutarensin	11958880	Click to see	658.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962480
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens
(R)-6-(1,1-Dimethyl-allyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one	17753871	Click to see CC(C)(C=C)C1=CC2=CC3=C(C=C2OC1=O)OC(C3)C(C)(C)O	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
6-[(1R)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl]furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one	163083145	Click to see	254.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
7H-Furo(3,2-G)(1)benzopyran-7-one, 2-(1-(acetyloxy)-1-methylethyl)-6-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propen-1-YL)-2,3-dihydro-, (2R)-	28125521	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
9-hydroxy-2-[2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-7-one	102597253	Click to see CC(C)(C1CC2=C(O1)C(=C3C(=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	424.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-962480
Chalepensin	128834	Click to see CC(C)(C=C)C1=CC2=C(C=C3C(=C2)C=CO3)OC1=O	254.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1002/JCCS.198100043 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
Chalepin	119066	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83169-8
Clausindine	170935	Click to see CC1(CC1C2=CC3=C(C=C4C(=C3)C=CO4)OC2=O)C	254.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
Rutamarin	26948	Click to see	356.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens / 5-methoxypsoralens
Bergapten	2355	Click to see	216.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens / 8-methoxypsoralens
8-Methoxypsoralen	4114	Click to see	216.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50059A040 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85390-2
Isopimpinellin	68079	Click to see COC1=C2C=COC2=C(C3=C1C=CC(=O)O3)OC	246.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055511 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84549-5 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.2650080409
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Umbelliferone	5281426	Click to see C1=CC(=CC2=C1C=CC(=O)O2)O	162.14	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000012Y
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Isorhamnetin	5281654	Click to see	316.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-1-226
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-1-226

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Ruta chalepensis

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Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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