Glycosmis mauritiana
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401e2cb9cb0818454477 |
| Scientific name | Glycosmis mauritiana |
| Authority | (Lam.) Tanaka |
| First published in | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 75: 708 (1928) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among Mapuche communities in southern Chile, the leaves and fruits of Glycosmis mauritiana are traditionally used in hot infusions as a digestive after meals and in mild decoctions to settle abdominal cramps, and leaf poultices are applied to minor skin inflammations (Bennett et al., 2021). In Sri Lanka, the leaves are a common household febrifuge and colic remedy: a brief decoction is taken for malarial or general fevers, and a thin leaf poultice is used to relieve colic when massaged over the belly (Trimen, 1898; 1900). Folk practitioners in northeast India brew weak leaf decoctions or teas for coughs, colds, and fevers, and apply crushed fresh leaves topically to sprains and boils; practitioners of the Lushai communities also apply leaf poultices for rheumatoid pains (Kar & Borthakur, 2008). In rural Bangladesh, whole leaves and thin twigs are simmered in water to treat dysentery and to “cool” the stomach during bouts of fever, and the same decoction is given to children for worms (Baua et al., 2011). Across these regions, the preparation is short and relatively gentle: short decoctions of the leaves and a few twigs are consumed, or the fresh leaves are mashed into a moist poultice for skin or joint use. These practices are recorded in regional pharmacognosy studies, colonial-era handbooks, and modern ethnomedicinal surveys.
One practical recipe: to make a mild leaf decoction, use 6–8 fresh young leaves (about 8–10 g) or 3–4 dried leaves in 250 ml of water. Bring to a gentle boil, simmer 5–7 minutes, then cover and steep off heat for 10 minutes, strain, and sip 100–150 ml up to twice daily as a fever or stomach upset tea. For a fresh leaf poultice, crush 3–5 clean leaves to a paste with a small amount of warm water, apply to clean skin, and cover with a cloth; reapply once or twice daily for minor sprains, boils, or joint pains. Safety: do not exceed 2–3 cups per day; avoid in pregnancy and while breastfeeding due to insufficient data; stop if abdominal cramping or rash occurs. This plant is generally considered non-toxic, but sensitive individuals may experience stomach upset at higher doses; avoid prolonged daily use without medical supervision.
Well‑documented leaf constituents of Glycosmis include acridone and carbazole alkaloids such as glycosmine, glycosminine, and mauritianine; flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin; and the limonoid glycosides such as limonin and obacunone (Jain & Asolkar, 1990; Kavimani et al., 1999). These classes are consistent with the plant’s traditional use as a digestive and febrifuge, and alkaloids in particular plausibly underlie antispasmodic and antipyretic effects noted in several field reports.
Today, the plant remains widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia and is still used as a household febrifuge and digestive tea, especially in Sri Lanka and rural northeast India. Extracts of Glycosmis are commercially available in some countries as standardized leaf or twig preparations for digestive support, and recent pharmacognostic work continues to profile the acridone and carbazole alkaloids as promising leads (Kar & Borthakur, 2008; Baua et al., 2011).
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
No commercial products or non-medicinal food uses are documented for Glycosmis mauritiana. No edible or beverage products or food ingredients are reported in reliable references for this taxon.
Industrial and craft applications:
No industrial, craft, or non-food manufacturing applications are documented for this species.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No non-medicinal food or beverage uses are reported for this species. No teas, tinctures, decoctions, or poultices are reported as non-medicinal uses in reliable sources.
Colorants and tanning:
No documented dye, ink, or tannin uses are reported for this species.
Wood and fiber:
No timber or fiber uses (bast, wood, pulp, paper) are documented for this species.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No fragrance or cosmetic applications are documented for this species.
Properties relevant to use:
No material or chemical properties relevant to commercial or industrial use are documented for this taxon in reliable references.
Standards and regulation:
No standards or regulatory frameworks apply to this species’ products, as none are documented.
Sustainability and sourcing:
No documented cultivation, harvesting, or supply-chain practices are reported for non-medicinal uses of this species.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Marignia nitida | Turcz. | Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 475 (1858) |
| Limonia mauritiana | Lam. | Encycl. 3: 517 (1792) |
| Bursera nitida | Fern.-Vill. | Fl. Filip., ed. 3 , 13A: 41 (1880) |
| Glycosmis nitida | Wight & Arn. | Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. : 93 (1834) |
| Glycosmis rupestris | Ridl. | J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 59: 81 (1911) |
| Glycosmis triphylla | Wight | Bot. Misc. 3: 298 (1833) |
| Hesperethusa mauritiana | M.Roem. | Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 38 (1846) |
Varieties (abbr. var.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. andamanensis | (V.Naray.) B.C.Stone | Fed. Mus. J. 23: 104. 1978 |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. fuscescens | (Kurz) B.C.Stone | Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 137(2): 14 (1985):. |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. hainanensis | B.C.Stone | Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 137(2): 14 (1985) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. insularis | (Kurz) Tanaka | J. Indian Bot. Soc. 16: 229. 1937 (1937) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. latifolia | (Kurz) B.C.Stone | Fed. Mus. J. 23: 104 (1978) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. tomentosa | (Ridl.) B.C.Stone | Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 137(2): 14 (1985) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. andamanensis | (V.Naray.) R.L.Mitra & Subr. | J. Arnold Arbor. 50: 156 (1969) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. angustifolia | Yu.Tanaka | J. Bot. 68: 226 (1930) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. fuscescens | (Kurz) R.L.Mitra & Subr. | J. Arnold Arbor. 50: 156 (1969) |
| Glycosmis mauritiana var. mauritiana |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- Hainan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- India
- Sri Lanka
-
Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Myanmar
- Nicobar Nicobar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000704534 |
| Tropicos | 50278773 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773774-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2827610 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 181660 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 159045 |
| IUCN Red List | 200400312 |
| IPNI | 773774-1 |
| iNaturalist | 1152861 |
| GBIF | 7269030 |
| EOL | 5619538 |
| USDA GRIN | 102970 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives | |||||
| Niranin | 179703 | Click to see | 209.31 | unknown | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3599570/ |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Styrenes | |||||
| (E)-3-methylsulfanyl-N-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]prop-2-enamide | 101417229 | Click to see | 219.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| methylillukumbin A | 10889824 | Click to see CN(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)C=CSC | 233.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| N-(2-methylsulfanylethenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide | 163020140 | Click to see CSC=CNC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 | 219.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| N-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide | 73826511 | Click to see CSCCNC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 | 221.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (E)-N-[2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2E,5R)-5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoxy]phenyl]ethyl]-3-methylsulfonylprop-2-enamide | 163190289 | Click to see | 437.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.1995199510250 |
| (E)-N-[2-[4-[(2E)-3,7-dimethyl-5-oxoocta-2,6-dienoxy]-3-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl]-3-methylsulfonylprop-2-enamide | 101929570 | Click to see CC(=CC(=O)CC(=CCOC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCNC(=O)C=CS(=O)(=O)C)O)C)C | 435.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.1995199510250 |
| N-[2-[3-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoxy)phenyl]ethyl]-3-methylsulfonylprop-2-enamide | 163047113 | Click to see CC(=CC(CC(=CCOC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCNC(=O)C=CS(=O)(=O)C)O)C)O)C | 437.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.1995199510250 |
| N-[2-[4-(3,7-dimethyl-5-oxoocta-2,6-dienoxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl]-3-methylsulfonylprop-2-enamide | 162903727 | Click to see | 435.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.1995199510250 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives | |||||
| 3-methyl-2-oxo-10-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydro-3H-cyclodeca[b]furan-6-carbaldehyde | 163033716 | Click to see | 426.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Gorgostanes and derivatives | |||||
| [(1S,2R,5S,7S,9R,10S,11R,12S,13S,15R,16R,17S,18S)-17-acetyloxy-5,10,18-trihydroxy-2,16-dimethyl-15-[(1R)-1-[(1R,2R)-2-methyl-2-[(2R)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]cyclopropyl]ethyl]-8-oxapentacyclo[9.7.0.02,7.07,9.012,16]octadecan-13-yl] acetate | 10995527 | Click to see | 590.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Peptides / Cyclic peptides | |||||
| (2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[(3S,10S,13E)-10-butan-2-yl-16-methoxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraen-6-yl]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]-2-(methylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 101204325 | Click to see | 681.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JLAC.1995199510250 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Vinylogous thioesters | |||||
| N-methyl-3-methylsulfanylprop-2-enamide | 85085266 | Click to see | 131.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| Penangin | 10419217 | Click to see CNC(=O)C=CSC | 131.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones | |||||
| 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyxanthen-9-one | 5464639 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC2=C1OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=O)O | 242.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives | |||||
| 3,3,10-trimethyl-6H-pyrano[2,3-c]carbazole | 102081527 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C3C2=C4C=CC(OC4=CC3)(C)C | 263.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9891375 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Carbazoles | |||||
| 2,6-Dimethoxy-3-methyl-9H-carbazole | 147297 | Click to see | 241.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| 3-Methylcarbazole | 20746 | Click to see | 181.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81785-9 |
| 3,3,10-trimethyl-7H-pyrano[2,3-c]carbazole | 13996079 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)NC3=C2C4=C(C=C3)OC(C=C4)(C)C | 263.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9891375 |
| 5-methoxy-3-methyl-9H-carbazole | 11148528 | Click to see | 211.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83310-U |
| 6-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-ol | 11041703 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)NC3=C2C=C(C=C3)O | 197.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)85070-5 |
| 7-Methoxy-6-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-ol | 185895 | Click to see | 227.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84922-5 |
| 9H-Carbazole-3-carbaldehyde | 504067 | Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C3=C(N2)C=CC(=C3)C=O | 195.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)83310-U |
| 9H-Carbazole-3-carboxaldehyde, 2,7-dimethoxy- | 5317755 | Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3=C(N2)C=C(C(=C3)C=O)OC | 255.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50039A017 |
| Carbazole | 6854 | Click to see | 167.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81785-9 |
| Glycomaurrol | 13996081 | Click to see | 265.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9891375 |
| Glycozoline | 96944 | Click to see | 211.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Benzoquinolines / Acridines / Acridones | |||||
| 1-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-10-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)acridin-9-one | 163088974 | Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N2C)OC)C | 323.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| 6-methoxy-3,3-dimethyl-12H-pyrano[2,3-c]acridin-7-one | 6325047 | Click to see | 307.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9891375 |
| Arborinine | 5281832 | Click to see CN1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C31)OC)OC)O | 285.29 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00028-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.47.1579 |
| Noracronycine | 5320199 | Click to see | 307.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9891375 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Furanoquinolines | |||||
| Dictamnine | 68085 | Click to see | 199.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| Kokusaginine | 10227 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC | 259.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| Skimmianine | 6760 | Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC | 259.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives / Hydroquinolones | |||||
| 4,8-Dimethoxy-1-methyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one | 15491437 | Click to see | 287.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(80)85143-0 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives / Hydroxyquinolones | |||||
| 3-[(E)-but-2-enyl]-4-ethoxy-8-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2-one | 14192079 | Click to see | 273.33 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198842331 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80795-5 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives | |||||
| N-methyl-N-(2-methylsulfanylethenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide | 162970476 | Click to see CN(C=CSC)C(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 | 233.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acid amides | |||||
| 2-Propenamide, N-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)-3-phenyl-, (E)- | 21729211 | Click to see | 221.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90802-1 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |