Terminalia bellirica - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID64405b93ec493842328600
Scientific name Terminalia bellirica
Authority (Gaertn.) Roxb.
First published in Pl. Coromandel 2: t. 198 (1805)

Description Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Myrobalanus bellirica Gaertn. Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 90 (1790)
Myrobalanus punctata Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 237 (1891)
Terminalia biticaria Roxb. Hort. Bengal. : 90 (1814)
Terminalia belirica Wall. Numer. List [Wallich] n. 3968. 1831
Terminalia attenuata Edgew. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 46 (1846)
Terminalia punctata Roth Nov. Pl. Sp. : 381 (1821)
Terminalia laurinoides Teijsm. & Binn. Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. (Teijsmann & Binnendijk) 237. 1866
Terminalia eglandulosa Roxb. ex C.B.Clarke Fl. Brit. India 2: 445 (1878)
Terminalia gella Dalzell Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 227 (1851)
Buceras bellirica (Gaertn.) A.Lyons Pl. Nam. : 71 (1900)
Myrobalanus laurinoides (Teijsm. & Binn.) Kuntze
Terminalia bellirica var. laurinoides (Teijsm. & Binn.) C.B.Clarke
Myrobalanus taria Buch.-Ham.
Terminalia taria Buch.-Ham.
Myrobalanus tania Buch.-Ham. ex Kostel.

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English myrobalan
Arabic بليلج
Arabic بليله
Assamese ভোমোৰা (বৃক্ষ)
Azerbaijani terminaliya bellerika
Bengali বহেড়া
dv ބުރޮޅި
Persian بلیله
Gujarati બહેડો
Hindi बहेड़ा
Indonesian joho
Japanese セイタカミロバラン
Kannada ಶಾಂತಿಮರ
Malayalam താന്നി
Malayalam beleric
mnw မကၠဵု၊ တၞမ်
Marathi बेहडा
Burmese သစ်ဆိမ့်ပင်
Nepali बर्रो
Oriya ବାହାଡ଼ା
Oriya ବାହାଡା
Punjabi ਬਹੇੜਾ
Punjab بہیڑا
Russian Бибхитаки
Russian Бибитаки
sa बिभीतकीवृक्षः
sd ٻَهيڙو
sd ٻهيڙو
Sinhala බුලු
Swedish kali
Tamil தான்றிக்காய்
Tamil தான்றி
Telugu తాండ్రచెట్టు
Telugu తాండ్రకాయ
Thai สมอพิเภก
Vietnamese bàng hôi
Chinese 毗黎勒(毛诃子)
Chinese 三果木皮
Chinese 毛诃子
Chinese 毗黎勒

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • Sri Lanka
    • Indo-China
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Borneo
      • Jawa
      • Lesser Sunda Islands
      • Malaya
      • Maluku
      • Sulawesi
      • Sumatera

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001296467
UNII 6P72472B4W
USDA Plants TEBE
Tropicos 8200807
INPN 447088
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170982-1
The Plant List tro-8200807
Open Tree Of Life 528132
NCBI Taxonomy 155021
IUCN Red List 61989645
IPNI 170982-1
iNaturalist 415642
GBIF 3189390
Freebase /m/066fbp
EPPO TEMBL
EOL 483606
USDA GRIN 36329
Wikipedia Terminalia_bellirica
CMAUP NPO22244

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Antibiotic potentiating effect of Bauhinia purpurea L. against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus Limboo KH, Singh B Front Microbiol 16-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11062131
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385268
PMID:38694794
Management of Otitis externa with Ayurvedic formulation Gandhak Rasayana- A case report Patil S, Bhat P J Ayurveda Integr Med 01-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC10999474
doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2024.100893
PMID:38564934
Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Fabian MC, Astorga RM, Atis AA, Pilapil LA, Hernandez CC Front Pharmacol 08-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10957545
doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1349725
PMID:38523640
Herbal-Based Green Synthesis of TB-ZnO-TiO(II) Nanoparticles Composite From Terminalia bellirica: Characterization, Toxicity Assay, Antioxidant Assay, and Antimicrobial Activity Shivalingam C, Gurumoorthy K, Murugan R, Ali S Cureus 06-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10997881
doi:10.7759/cureus.55686
PMID:38586786
Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum as a Complementary Treatment to Improve Symptomatology in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systematic Review of Open Access Literature Beltrán-Velasco AI, Reiriz M, Uceda S, Echeverry-Alzate V Int J Mol Sci 05-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10931784
doi:10.3390/ijms25053010
PMID:38474254
Antitumour mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine elicited by regulating tumour-associated macrophages in solid tumour microenvironments Gao J, Tan W, Yuan L, Wang H, Wen J, Sun K, Chen X, Wang S, Deng W Heliyon 02-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10923716
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27220
PMID:38463777
Bio-mordants: a review Benli H Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10948525
doi:10.1007/s11356-024-32174-8
PMID:38396176
A Case Study of Furunculosis following an Ayurvedic Oil Massage, Sudation Therapy, and Lessons to Learn Kulkarni SP, Kulkarni PS, Kumar S Case Rep Dermatol Med 08-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10869181
doi:10.1155/2024/3660064
PMID:38361501
A scoping review of Ayurvedic rasayana adaptogens in oncology Wu C, Mulakaluri A, Chaurasia P, Suryanarayana S, Singh A, Krauss N, Tahir P, Elder C, Puthiyedath R, Dhruva A J Ayurveda Integr Med 01-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10847161
doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100879
PMID:38301299
Medicinal herbs and their metabolites with biological potential to protect and combat liver toxicity and its disorders: A review Islam Shawon S, Nargis Reyda R, Qais N Heliyon 01-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10864916
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25340
PMID:38356556
Geometric entropy of plant leaves: A measure of morphological complexity Muraleedharan V, Rajan SC, R J PLoS One 02-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10760904
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293596
PMID:38166118
Antimicrobial effect of herbal and conventional root canal endodontic irrigants against persistent pathogens Agarwal LK, Anamika D, Nair R, Sharma S, Preethi D, Priyanka P, Dhaval Niranjan M, Santosh K Bioinformation 31-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10895533
doi:10.6026/973206300191312
PMID:38415039
Pharmaceutical characterization and exploration of Arkeshwara rasa in MDA-MB-231 cells Jayakumar R, Dash MK, Kumar P, Sharma S, Gulati S, Pandey A, Cholke K, Fatima Z, Trigun SK, Joshi N J Ayurveda Integr Med 30-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10792653
doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100823
PMID:38160612
The role of tumor‐associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma progression: A narrative review Zhang X, Yu C, Zhao S, Wang M, Shang L, Zhou J, Ma Y Cancer Med 14-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10757104
doi:10.1002/cam4.6717
PMID:38098217
Ethnomedicinal plants in Champadevi rural municipality, Okhaldhunga district, Nepal Karki D, Khadka D, Kunwar RM, Aryal PC, Paudel HR, Bhatta S, Shi S J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 11-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10712033
doi:10.1186/s13002-023-00627-y
PMID:38072922

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid 370 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)O 170.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
Methyl gallate 7428 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O 184.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Termilignan 466076 Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C=C1)CC(=C)C(=C)CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O 296.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP970010M
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones / Butenolides
Ascorbic Acid 54670067 Click to see C(C(C1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O 176.12 unknown via CMAUP database
D-ascorbic acid 54690394 Click to see C(C(C1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O 176.12 unknown via CMAUP database
L-[2-13C]ascorbic acid 54676536 Click to see C(C(C1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O 176.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(2R,3S)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol 118701409 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(13S)-13,17,18-trihydroxy-2,10,14-trioxo-5,21-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]-3,6,9,15-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.7.1.14,8.016,20]henicosa-1(19),16(20),17-trien-11-yl]acetic acid 102004755 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(31S)-13,14,15,18,19,20,31,35,36-nonahydroxy-2,10,23,28,32-pentaoxo-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,6,9,24,27,33-hexaoxaheptacyclo[28.7.1.04,25.07,26.011,16.017,22.034,38]octatriaconta-1(37),11,13,15,17,19,21,34(38),35-nonaen-29-yl]acetic acid 102004756 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(4R,5S,7R,25R,26R,29S,30S,31S)-13,14,15,18,19,20,31,35,36-nonahydroxy-2,10,23,28,32-pentaoxo-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,6,9,24,27,33-hexaoxaheptacyclo[28.7.1.04,25.07,26.011,16.017,22.034,38]octatriaconta-1(37),11,13,15,17,19,21,34(38),35-nonaen-29-yl]acetic acid 44576040 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(4R,5S,7R,25S,26R,31S)-13,14,15,18,19,20,31,35,36-nonahydroxy-2,10,23,28,32-pentaoxo-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,6,9,24,27,33-hexaoxaheptacyclo[28.7.1.04,25.07,26.011,16.017,22.034,38]octatriaconta-1(37),11,13,15,17,19,21,34(38),35-nonaen-29-yl]acetic acid 100988942 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(4R,5S,7R,8R,11S,12S,13S,21S)-13,17,18-trihydroxy-2,10,14-trioxo-5,21-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]-3,6,9,15-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.7.1.14,8.016,20]henicosa-1(19),16(20),17-trien-11-yl]acetic acid 72284 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(4S,5S,8R,11S,12S,13S,21S)-13,17,18-trihydroxy-2,10,14-trioxo-5,21-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]-3,6,9,15-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.7.1.14,8.016,20]henicosa-1(19),16(20),17-trien-11-yl]acetic acid 16745534 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(5S,7R,11S,12S,13S,21S)-13,17,18-trihydroxy-2,10,14-trioxo-5,21-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]-3,6,9,15-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.7.1.14,8.016,20]henicosa-1(19),16(20),17-trien-11-yl]acetic acid 118701044 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Chebulagic acid 72285 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 250396 250396 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 250397 250397 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 367138 367138 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 442674 442674 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7C8=C(C(=C(C=C8C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 954.70 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 452240 452240 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OCC2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C(C(C(=O)O3)CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)O6)O)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O 956.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Corilagin 73568 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 634.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Ellagic Acid 5281855 Click to see C1=C2C3=C(C(=C1O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC2=O)O)O 302.19 unknown via CMAUP database

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